2018_2019学年高中英语Module3LiteratureSectionⅣLanguagePointsⅡ.docx

Section Language Points （Cultural Corner & Other Parts）.Read the passage on Page 39 and match the main ideas with each part.1Part 1(Para.1) ALondon was a filthy city then.2Part 2(Para.2) BDickens novels provide a social commentary of London life.3Part 3(Para.3) CLondon is very different today.4Part 4(Paras.4&5) DThe West End the theatre district and the London of government.5Part 5(Para.6) ELondons poorest district the East End.6Part 6(Para.7) FLondons rich district.答案：16BAEFDC.Choose the best answer according to the text on Page 41.1What does the writer mainly want to tell us in this passage?AThe novels of Charles Dickens.BThe contribution of Charles Dickens.CThe achievements of Charles Dickens.DThe life story of Charles Dickens.2Why did the writer think the novel Oliver Twist was very important?ABecause the novel aroused the public awareness of child poverty.BBecause Dickens devoted a large amount of his energy to it.CBecause the novel ends happily the young orphan finally finds a loving home.DBecause Dickens himself often got excited during the reading of the final part of Oliver Twist.3The following are all Charles Dickens novels EXCEPT _.ADavid CopperfieldBGreat ExpectationsCA Tale of Two CitiesDRobinson Crusoe4What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?ACharles Dickens birth and his schooling.BCharles Dickens work and experiences.CCharles Dickens writing experiences.DCharles Dickens influence and contributions.5Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?ACharles Dickens experienced poverty at an early age.BCharles Dickens works were popular only in America and England.CCharles Dickens novels helped to improve the modern society.DCharles Dickens died of heart attack in the year 1870.答案：15DADCA.单词拼写1The brave young man rushed to the bumping car and dragged (拉) the driver out of it.2The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain (获得) it.3Toms voice choked (哽住), and tears ran down his cheeks.4Helens act of kindness was repaid (回报) at last she was offered a wellpaid job by the woman on the bus.5A balanced diet provides enough nutrition (营养) for your health.6They began to scream (尖叫) when they saw a car running towards them.7Taking pills is easy; just put them in your mouth and swallow (咽下)8You cant expect that something may escape (逃脱) the teachers attention.拓展词汇1intend v打算intention n意图；意向；计划；打算2illegally adv.违法地；非法地illegal adj.违法的；非法的legal adj.合法的3distribute v分发，分配，分送distribution n分发，分配4starvation n挨饿，饿死starve v挨饿，饿死5concern n&v.关心，担心，使担忧；与有关concerned adj.担心的；有关的concerning prep.涉及；关于6accumulate v积累accumulation n积累7trial n审判，审理try v审判，审理8accomplish v完成(任务等)，取得(成功)accomplishment n成就，成绩巧记单词词根词形变化构词点拨distributedistribution动词去e加ion构成名词accumulateaccumulationstarvestarvationaccomplishaccomplishment动词加ment构成名词.补全短语1let go of放开2seize sb. by the collar 抓住某人的衣领3as a result 结果是4suffer from 遭受5a lack of 缺乏6feel at home 感觉自在7put sb. in prison 把某人关进监狱8a huge amount of 大量的，许多的9in ones early thirties 在某人三十出头时10bring sth. to the attention of 使某人关注某事1教材原句Magwitch returns to England illegally, having made a lot of money in Australia.马格韦契在澳大利亚挣了一大笔钱，非法返回英国。句型点拨having done是现在分词短语作时间状语。佳句赏析听到森林里狼的嚎叫声之后，莱拉加快了去往山洞的步伐。Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerate her walk up the path to the cave.2教材原句.yet their welfare was of no concern to the taxpayers of London.然而他们的福利对伦敦的纳税人来说是无关紧要的。句型点拨of抽象名词。佳句赏析其中几张邮票是不同寻常的。Several of the stamps were of the unusual kind.3教材原句The further west you were in Dickens London, the richer and more important the people who lived there were.在狄更斯时代的伦敦，你越往西走，居住在那里的人就越富有越有权势。句型点拨the比较级，the比较级“越越”。佳句赏析起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但他越解释我就越迷惑了。At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but the more he explained, the more confused I became.Reading and Vocabulary (2)Philip Pirrip, known as Pip, is an orphan who lives with his sister and her husband. The family is poor and Pips sister does not treat him very well. One day the boy helps a starving convict called Abel Magwitch. Magwitch has escaped from prison but is soon caught again and sent to Australia in a prison ship.Some months later, Pip is invited to visit a lonely but wealthy old lady called Miss Havisham. At her house, Pip meets and becomes very fond of a beautiful girl called Estella, who lives there. However, Estella is cold and cruel to him, always telling him that she is “better” than him. She is encouraged in this by Miss Havisham, whose fiance left her on her wedding day, and who, as a result, hates all men.Some years later, Pip learns that an unknown person intends to give him money every month. Pip believes that it is Miss Havisham who has done this for him. With this money, he goes to London, becomes educated and is able to live very comfortably.Magwitch returns to England illegally, having made a lot of money in Australia. He finds Pip and tells him that it is he, Magwitch, who has been giving Pip the money. He has been doing this in order to repay the boys kindness. Sadly, Magwitch is caught by the police and dies. We learn that Estella is in fact Magwitchs daughter. She marries Bentley Drummle, a wealthy man who treats her very badly, but dies when he is quite young.Meanwhile, Pip leaves England and has a successful career. He returns and meets Estella, who has at last learnt the meaning of love. The two marry.菲利普皮利普，也叫做皮普，是一个孤儿，与姐姐和姐夫住在一起。他们并不富裕，皮普的姐姐对他也不太好。一天，皮普救助了一个名叫艾伯尔马格韦契的快饿死的罪犯。马格韦契刚从监狱里逃出来，但不久又被抓住并被一艘监狱的船运往澳大利亚。几个月后，皮普应邀去拜访一位孤独但很富有的老女士哈维沙姆。在她家，皮普碰上并爱上一个也住在那里的漂亮女孩埃斯特拉。然而，埃斯特拉对他冷酷无礼，总是提醒他自己比他优越。这方面她受到哈维沙姆小姐的纵容哈维沙姆小姐的未婚夫就在举行婚礼的那天离她而去，因此她痛恨所有的男人。几年后，皮普才知道一位不知道名字的人愿意每月都会给他一些钱。皮普相信这一切是哈维沙姆女士为他做的。拿着这些钱他去了伦敦，成了一个有教养的人并过上了舒适的生活。马格韦契在澳大利亚赚了一大笔钱，然后非法返回到英国。他找到皮普并告诉他，是他马格韦契一直在给皮普钱。他这样做是为了报答皮普的好心。不幸的是，马格韦契被警察抓住并死去。后来才知道埃斯特拉其实是马格韦契的女儿。她嫁给了一个叫本特利德鲁姆的有钱人，他对她很不好，但他很年轻时就死了。同时，皮普离开英国并事业有成。他回到伦敦见到了埃斯特拉，而她最终也明白了爱的真谛。二人终成眷属。Reading PracticeDickens LondonDickens cast of characters lived in London, the largest and richest city in the world. But its wealth was distributed unfairly among the population. Every chapter of his novels describes the sights, sounds, and smells of the city, and provides a social commentary of London life.In the middle of the 19th century, London was a filthy city for rich and poor people alike. Although on clear days the air was filled with sparrows and seagulls flying high above, more often the smoking chimney pipes created smog which was so strong that it choked the inhabitants. The River Thames was polluted, causing disease and death everywhere, and if you fell in, it was dangerous to swallow the water.The East End was Londons poorest district, where children wore rags for clothes and the women searched in dustbins for food. Few people could ever hope to attain an acceptable standard of living. Many people suffered from the effects of poor nutrition and even starvation because of a lack of food, yet their welfare was of no concern to the taxpayers of London. Ships from all points of the compass would drop anchor here at the main port of London. South of the river lies Southwark, another poor district. The George Inn was a busy coaching stop with food and accommodation for travellers leaving London, and for carriers taking goods into the city.But some Londoners had accumulated enormous wealth through trade. In the old City of London are housed the many banks and corporations which Dickens mentions. Further west and opposite Southwark stands Somerset House, where Dickens father worked for the navy. Close by are the Law Courts, where lawyers and their clerks, carrying piles of paperwork, would hurry to the trials. There were many squares and gardens with water pumps and fountains, as well as smart restaurants and pubs.Servants would buy fruit and vegetables at Covent Garden market for their rich families, and maids would buy bunches of flowers to decorate their mistresses rooms.The West End is the theatre district where Dickens felt at home because, surprisingly, he thought he would accomplish more with his drama than with his novels. It is also the London of government, where politicians, ministers, ambassadors as well as more humble pedestrians walked home at night through streets lit with gas lanterns.London is very different today, and few people mourn the passing of the old city. But you can still see many of the sights which Dickens saw and wrote about in his novels.狄更斯笔下的伦敦狄更斯笔下的人物都生活在伦敦，这座当时世界上最大、最富有的城市。但是它的财富在人们之间分配不均。每个章节都描述了这个城市的景象、声音以及气味，展现了当时伦敦的社会生活。19世纪中期的伦敦对于穷人和富人来说都是座满是污秽的城市。尽管在晴朗的天气里也有麻雀和海鸥在高空中飞翔，但是更多的时候从烟囱里冒出的浓浓烟雾往往使人窒息。泰晤士河被污染，引起了各地的疾病甚至是死亡；如果你掉进河里，咽下河水是非常危险的。伦敦的东区是贫民区，那里的孩子衣衫褴褛，妇女们则在垃圾堆里寻找食物。几乎没有人指望能维持基本的生活水平。很多人遭受营养不良之苦，甚至因缺乏食物而饿死；然而伦敦纳税人并不关注他们的福利。来自各地港口的船只会在伦敦重要的港口停留。河的南岸有另外一个贫民区，Southwark。乔治客栈是沿岸繁忙的长途车站，它向离开伦敦的旅人和带货物到城里的行人提供食物和住宿。但有一些伦敦人通过贸易积累了巨大财富。狄更斯提到在老伦敦城里有很多银行和公司。再往西去，Southwark的对面是Somerset House，狄更斯的父亲曾在那里当过海军。紧挨的是法院，在那里律师和职员们拿着厚厚的文件，行色匆匆地前去审判。那里有很多带有水泵和喷泉的广场和花园，也有很多精致的饭店和酒吧。仆人们常在Covent Garden市场上为他们富有的主人买水果和蔬菜，女仆会买一些花来装饰她们女主人的房间。在西头的戏剧区狄更斯感到自由自在，因为令人惊讶地是，他认为他在这儿完成的戏剧比小说多。这里也是政府所在地，常见到一些政治人士、大臣和大使们和更多的贫寒徒步者一样在晚上拿着汽灯穿过街道回家。今天的伦敦有了很大的不同，也很少有人追念老城。但是你依然能看到很多狄更斯眼中和小说中描写的景象。Cultural CornerCharles DickensCharles Dickens (18121870) was born in London. His father was put in prison because he could not pay his bills, and two days after his 13th birthday, Dickens started work in a factory, experiencing real poverty. He was very unhappy, but later in life, he was able to write very well about poverty because he had actually experienced it himself.Dickens always had a huge amount of energy. As a young man, he worked for newspapers; and as a political journalist, he met all kinds of people. He used all these experiences in his writing. Dickens started writing novels in his early thirties and became successful almost immediately. Oliver Twist, his second novel, was published in 1838 and was hugely successful. It told the story of a young orphan alone in the dangerous streets of London. The story ends happily the young boy discovers who his real parents are and finds a loving home. However, it brought child poverty to the attention of the public, and for this reason alone it is a very important novel.Over the next 25 years, Dickens wrote a large number of popular novels that are still read today. Among the most famous are David Copperfield (18491850), A Tale of Two Cities (1859) and Great Expectations (18601861). Dickens often wrote about the problems of poor people, and as a result of his work, the lives of the poor were improved.Dickens books were popular in both America and England, and the novelist travelled round both countries, reading from his novels. He often became very excited during these readings. Some people believe that he had a heart attack as a result of his excitement during the reading of the final part of Oliver Twist.查尔斯狄更斯查尔斯狄更斯(18121870)出生在伦敦。他的爸爸曾因欠账而被关进监狱。他在13岁生日的第三天就开始在一家工厂工作，经历着真正的贫穷。他很不幸福，但在后来的生活中，正是因为他确实亲身经历了贫穷，他才能把贫穷(生活)写得很真实。狄更斯总是精力充沛。年轻时他为报社工作过；当政治方面的记者时，他遇到形形色色的人。他把他的所有经历都写进了小说中。狄更斯在三十出头时开始写小说，几乎是一举成名。雾都孤儿是他的第二部小说，出版于1838年，获得了巨大成功。它讲述的是一个幼小的孤儿沿危险的伦敦街道流浪的故事。故事结尾很好那个小男孩找到了自己真正的父母，并找到了一个充满爱的家。但尽管如此，这部小说使儿童贫困问题得到关注，就这一点而言，它已是很重要的一部小说了。在之后的25年里，狄更斯写了大量的深受喜爱的小说，很多现在还在被读着。这其中最著名的有大卫科波菲尔(18491850)、双城记(1859)和远大前程(18601861)。狄更斯常写穷人的问题，由于他的著作，穷人的生活得到了改善。狄更斯的书在美国和英国同样深受喜爱，他游历了这两个国家，(在那里)都读到自己的文章。在阅读时他常常变得很兴奋。一些人认为他在读雾都孤儿的最后一部分时，因为兴奋引发了心脏病。 1Magwitch has escaped from prison but is soon caught again and sent to Australia in a prison ship.(P37)马格韦契从监狱里逃出来，但不久又被抓住并被一艘监狱的船送往澳大利亚。escape v& n逃跑；逃脱；逃避；漏出；被忘记Im sorry, but your name escapes me.对不起，我想不起你的名字了。(1)escape from/out of 从逃走escape (doing) sth. 逃脱(做)某事(2)make ones escape 逃跑a narrow escape 死里逃生；九死一生The driver narrowly escaped being_killed (kill) in the traffic accident.这名司机在交通事故中差点丧生。A taxi driver in Taiwan had a_narrow_escape when the plane crashed over the bridge.当飞机在桥上方坠落时，台湾的一名出租车司机险些丧命。名师点津escape表示“避免；被遗忘，未被注意”时，不用于被动语态；表示“避免做某事”时，escape后跟名词或动词ing形式作宾语。2Some years later, Pip learns that an unknown person intends to give him money every month.(P37)几年后，皮普获悉一个不知道姓名的人愿意每个月都给他一些钱。intend vt.打算；想要；计划What do you intend to do/doing when you get to this place?你打算到这里干什么？(1)intend to do sth./doing sth.打算做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事(2)had intended to do .intended to have done . 原本打算做(3)be intended for打算为所用(4)intention n. 打算；计划with the intention of 目的是I had_intended_to_go/intended_to_have_gone to your house last night, but it rained.昨晚我本打算去你家的，可是下起雨来了。These books are_intended_for children under nine years old.这些书是专门为九岁以下的儿童所用的。He left England with_the_intention_of travelling to China.他离开英国，打算去中国旅行。名师点津intend的过去完成时，表示本打算做某事，但实际没做成。有类似用法的动词还有：plan, hope, think等。3But its wealth was distributed unfairly among the population.(P39)但是它的财富在人们之间分配不均。distribute v分发，分配，分送The relief agency will distribute the food among several countries.救援机构将给几个国家发放食物。distribute sth. to/among .把某物分配/分发给distribution n. 分配，分发，分送They distributed food and blankets to/among the earthquake victims.他们把食物和毯子分给了地震灾民。We have got to discuss the distribution (distribute) of the prizes.我们得讨论一下奖品的分发问题。4Many people suffered from the effects of poor nutrition and even starvation because of a lack of food, yet their welfare was of no concern to the taxpayers of London.(P39)由于缺少食物，许多人都营养不良甚至饿死，然而伦敦的纳税人并不关注他们的福利。concern nU关心，担心v.使担忧；与有关Whats your main concern as a headteacher?作为班主任，什么是你最关心的问题？Dont interfere in what doesnt concern you.不要管与你无关的事情。(1)be of no/great concern to sb. 对某人来说不/非常重要(2)concern oneself with/in/about sth. 参与某事/忙于某事/关心某事be concerned in/with sth. 与某事有牵连be concerned about/for . 关心；挂念as far as sb./sth. be concerned 就某人或某物而言(3)concerning prep. 关于The President is deeply concerned about/for the life of the people.总统很关心人民的生活。The police are questioning the man who is concerned with/in the crime.警察正在审讯那个和案子有牵连的人。As_far_as_Im_concerned,_the second arrangement is more suitable.对我来说，第二种安排更合适。句中of no concern属于“of抽象名词”的结构，在句中作表语(1)of后加表示度量、大小、颜色、类别等的抽象名词，如size, weight, height, depth, length, age, color, shape, kind, type等，名词前常用a(n), the same, this, that, similar, different等词修饰或说明(2)“of抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词有use, value, importance, help, benefit, interest, concern 等。它们可用no, some, any, little, much, great 等词修饰(3)of great抽象名词very此名词相对应的形容词The medicine is of no use to this disease.The medicine is useless to this disease. 这种药对这种疾病无用。 Sports can be very valuable to peoples health.Sports can be of_great_value to peoples health.体育运动对人们的健康是很有价值的。5The further west you were in Dickens London, the richer and more important the people who lived there were.(P40)在狄更斯时代的伦敦，你越往西走，居住在那里的人就越富有越有权势。the比较级.the比较级意为“越就越”。其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句；句型中主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时；若主句用一般将来时，从句中要用一般现在时表将来。The more she gets, the more she wants.她得到的越多就越贪婪。The more we do for the people, the_happier_we_will_be.我们为人民做得越多，我们就越感到幸福。6Dickens always had a huge amount of energy.(P41)狄更斯总是精力充沛。a huge/large amount of大量的(修饰不可数名词)This doesnt mean that you need to spend a huge amount of energy.这并不意味着你需要花费大量的精力。A huge amount of money is_needed (need) to treat a case of cancer.治疗一例癌症需要大量的钱。Large amounts of labor are_needed (need) to complete the project.完成这项工程需要大量的劳动力。名师点津“a large amount of不可数名词”作主语时后跟谓语动词单数；“large amounts of不可数名词”作主语时后跟谓语动词复数。也就是说，由amount的数决定谓语动词的单复数。类似的还有：a quantity of, quantities of等。7However, it brought child poverty to the attention of the public, and for this reason alone it is a very important novel.(P41)然而，这部小说唤起了社会对于贫困儿童的关注，就凭这一点，这部小说的意义就非常重大。bring sth. to the attention of sb. (bring sth. to sb.s attention)使某人关注某事There is one point that I must bring to the attention of the students.有一个问题我必须提醒学生们关注。call/draw sb.s attention to sth.使某人注意某事attract/catch ones attention 吸引/引起某人的注意fix ones attention on 把某人的注意力集中到pay attention to 注意turn ones attention to 把某人的注意力转移到上She drew_my_attention_to an error in the report.她要我注意报告中的一处错误。Pay_attention_to your pronunciation and try to imitate native speakers.注意你的发音，尽量去模仿当地人。With all his attention fixed (fix) on the computer games, the boy even didnt notice his mother come in.这个孩子的注意力都集中在电脑游戏上，甚至没有注意到妈妈进来。They began to turn_their_attention_to the current situation and concern themselves with the future of the nation.他们开始注意当前的形势，关心国家的前途。.单句语法填空1The hunters killed the elephants illegally (legal) for the valuable ivories (象牙) in this area.2It is said that the modern farming methods have saved millions of people from starvation (starve)3The court gave a fair trial (try) to the case yesterday and John didnt appeal against the judges decision.4I havent seen this kind of tree in my hometown, but it has a very wide distribution (distribute) in Australia.5Large amounts of water are (be) needed for the crops as a result of the dry climate.6Generally speaking, a lack of sleep can make you feel tired and look pale.7The school being built at present is said to be intended for the disabled children.8Henry went to New York and set up his own company in his early thirties.9Jack was put in prison for murder. Fortunately, his lawyer tried his best to collect evidence to prove his innocence.10I began to feel at home in the ne