2018版高考英语复习攻略Unit4Bodylanguage限时规范特训新人教版.docx

Unit 4 Body language.阅读理解(建议用时16)A2017湖南岳阳阶段考试Very mobile ears help many animals direct their attention to the rustle of a possible attacker. Researchers say these mobile ears have become a useful communication tool. Their studies of animal behaviour build up a picture of how communication and social skills developed.“Were interested in how they communicate，” said lead researcher Jennifer Wathan. “And being sensitive to what another individual is thinking is a fundamental skill from which other more complex skills develop.”Ms Wathan and her colleague Prof Karen McComb set up a behavioural experiment where 72 individual horses had to use visual clues from another horse in order to choose where to feed. They led each horse to a point where it had to select one of two buckets. On a wall behind this Decisionmaking spot was a lifesized photograph of a horses head facing either to left or right. In some of the trials， the horses ears or eyes were covered.If the ears and eyes of the horse in the picture were visible， the horses being tested would choose the bucket towards which its gaze and its ears were directed. If the horse in the picture had either its eyes or its ears covered, the horse being tested would just choose a feed bucket at random.Like many mammals that are hunted by predators (捕食者), horses can rotate (旋转) their ears through almost 180 degreesbut Ms Wathan said that in our “humancentric” view of the world, we had overlooked the importance of these very mobile ears in animal communication.“It seems theres something in the visual cluesfrom both the eyes and the earsthat are really important，” she told BBC News. “Horses have quite rich social lives and relationships with other horses, so theyre a good species to look at this in.” And the more we look at communication across different species, the more we can consider what might have promoted the evolution of sophisticated communication and social skills.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，通过研究动物的交流方式，研究人员们发现耳朵也是动物的一种交流工具。1Why does a horse rotate its ears?ATo tell each other where they can go for the buckets.BTo be curious about what the other horse is thinking.CTo warn the other horse when an attacker is coming closer.DTo express its hope to build up social relations with others.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章首句可知，马儿转动耳朵的目的是警告另外的马儿，有攻击者正在靠近。2Why did the researchers use the lifesized photograph of a horse in the experiment?ATo help develop horses complex skills.BTo lead other horses to feed themselves.CTo make the horses in the experiment excited.DTo provide clues for the horses in the experiment.答案：D推理判断题。由第3、4段可知，利用马的图片是为其他的马提供信息交流线索的。3Why are ears and eyes important to horses?AThey can find the feeding buckets more easily with ears and eyes.BWith ears and eyes they can escape from dangers more easily.CWith ears and eyes they can communicate with other horses.DHorses have quite rich social lives with ears and eyes.答案：C细节理解题。由末段前两句可知，马是一种善于交际的动物，马耳朵和眼睛是马保持高度警觉并有效沟通的工具。4What can be the best title of the passage?ARotary Ears Serve as Communication ToolsBHorses Have More Social Skills than Other SpeciesCExperiments with Horses EarsDFundamental Skills of Horses答案：A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了能旋转的马耳朵是马的一种交流工具的研究结果，因此选A项。1attacker n. 攻击者；袭击者；进攻者2fundamental adj. 基本的3trial n. 试验4visible adj. 看得见的；可见的5overlook vt. 忽略；未注意到；远眺1build up 创建；开发；增强；加强2at random 随意地；任意地BEveryone “talks” with their hands at least sometimes. Some peoples handtalking or gesturing matches their messages well. Other people like to make overly large gestures that can be confusing. And still others dont use their hands much at all. No matter which camp you fall into, its important to pay attention to your hand gestures while you are communicating. And also remember that hand gestures can have cultural meanings.A few years ago, I was a speaker at a conference in Lisbon, Portugal. It was my first time in Portugal, and I became instantly fond of the special custard pastries(油酥点心) that Lisbon and Portugal are known for. One morning I went into a bakery and ordered two of the pastries. I did so by holding up two fingers, similar to the “victory” or “peace” gesture in the United States. The person behind the counter proceeded to put three pastries in a box. I later learned that the gesture for two would have been to raise my thumb and index finger. Even though my thumb wasnt showing, the person behind the counter thought I was signaling for three.I was lucky that I didnt get into more trouble than an extra pastry. Many hand gestures are not universal. Before speaking in a country that you are not familiar with， do some research to find out which gestures in your presentation might be misunderstood, not understood at all, or rude.篇章导读：本文作者通过叙述自己在葡萄牙的经历，向读者说明，在不同的文化中相同的手势表示的含义不同，因而每当到了一个不熟悉的国家时，有必要弄清手势表达的意义，以免被误解。5Why did the author go to Lisbon, Portugal?ATo taste custard pastries.BTo take a holiday.CTo attend a meeting.DTo learn Portuguese culture.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句可知，作者到葡萄牙的首都里斯本是为了去参加会议。6Which was the gesture the author made in the bakery?答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段第四句可知，作者在面包店里所做的手势是伸出两根指头(holding up two fingers)，类似表示胜利或和平的手势。故选B。7What do we know from the authors experience?AOne should be careful when ordering food in Portugal.BHand gestures may have different meanings in different cultures.CThe person behind the counter understood the authors gesture.DThe person behind the counter cheated the author.答案：B推理判断题。作者通过自己在葡萄牙的面包店买点心的经历告诉我们，同一手势在不同的文化中表示的含义不同。1match vt. 与匹配 2.conference n. 会议3counter n. 柜台 4.universal adj. 广泛适用的5presentation n. 展示；出示1proceed to 继续下去；进入2be familiar with 对熟悉.七选五(建议用时7)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2017株洲检测Heres what you need to know about the various growth on your head.Brush 100 times a day for healthier hair. Myth(传言) This is now known to risk damaging your hair. Brushing pulls out hair that isnt ready to fall out. _1_. So brush gently for styling only.Being stressed can make your hair fall out. Fact.Severe stress can have a negative impact on your hair. All hair follicles(头发毛囊) normally undergo periodic “rest” periods. _2_， and make the hair fall out in the three months following the stressful event. Normally hair growth restores naturally, but its important to deal with stress and seek medical advice to rule out underlying illness.Hair can turn white with fright. Myth.You cant lose pigment(色素) in your hair because hair is dead when it leaves the head. _3_， however. In rare cases this can attack only pigmented hairs, leaving gray and white hair behind._4_. Fact.When its cold, Blood is transmitted to internal organs to maintain body temperature, which Decreases blood flow to the head. In warm weather, increased circulation to the skin benefits follicle activity and increases the rate of hair growth.Cutting hair by the moon speeds its growth. Myth.Some people believe that cutting hair under a waxing moon (上弦月) promotes growth. However, the universallyrecognized fact is _5_ at any time.ABrushing your hair often is recommendedBA severe shock could cause hair to drop outChair does not grow back more strongly after its cutDAlways being angry will cause your hair to fall downESudden stress can cause them to enter this resting phaseFHair grows faster in the summerGIt often breaks healthy hairs篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解了几种让头发增长的方法。1G 由上下文推断可知，梳头发可能会损害健康的头发，使头发脱落，所以要轻柔地梳头发。故选G。2E 根据“Severe stress can have a negative impact on your hair.”可知，压力对头发有不利影响；以及后文提到压力会使头发脱落，故此处说明压力会使头发进入休眠期，符合语境。故选E。3B 由“Hair can turn white with fright”以及下文可知，惊吓会让头发变白属于传言，但是头发在离开头后色素不会丢失，所以此处应该和“惊吓”有关。故选B。4F 根据“In warm weather, increased circulation to the skin benefits follicle activity and increases the rate of hair growth.”可知，在温暖的天气中，增加了对皮肤有益的卵泡活性的循环，所以增加了头发的增长速度。故选F。5C 前文提到有些人认为在上弦月下剪头发可以促进头发增长，由However可知，此处表示转折，说明头发在剪过之后不会像之前那么粗硬，符合语境。故选C。.语法填空(建议用时8)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 2017邯郸摸底考试Why send a greeting card when you can send a potato? Thats the reason behind one ecommerce site, which mails actual _1_ (potato) with personalized messages from their customers for $8 to $10. PotatoP offers customers the chance _2_ (make) a friend laugh or lighten the mood. The company _3_ (usual) offers their product in two sizes. For example, a “medium” potato, _4_ can fit 100 characters, is first picked by the senders. And then the company writes their note directly on the potato skin _5_ a special pen. After that the potato _6_ (mail) to the receiver in a “tiny envelope” from the company in Texas. Theres no cash _7_ (include) insideit is just _8_ actual potato with black writing. Past potato receivers have shared pictures of _9_ own experiences with others on social media. “The _10_ (good) thing Ive received in the mail！” wrote one young woman, who got a potato from her boyfriend.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文讲述的是一种新型的问候方式，在土豆上留言，并通过电子途径发给收件人。1potatoes考查名词。根据空格前为形容词，后为介词可知，此处填名词复数形式(注意变化规则)。2to make考查非谓语动词。the chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”，此处为不定式作定语。3usually考查词性转换。修饰动词应用副词。4which考查非限制性定语从句。从句中缺少主语且指物，故用关系代词which。5with考查介词。此处后面为名词，且无提示词，通常为介词，结合语义可知填with，表示凭借某种工具，意为“用”。6is mailed考查动词的时态和语态。mail与potato之间为被动关系，且全文用一般现在时，故填is mailed。7included考查非谓语动词。include与cash之间为被动关系，且位于名词之后，故填included。8an考查冠词。空格前为系动词，空格后为“形容词名词”，故此处为冠词，表示泛指，且actual的始发音为元音。故填an。9their考查代词。of ones own意为“某人自己的”，结合句子主语，可知填their。10best考查形容词的最高级。空前为the，结合句意可知，此处表示收到的“最好的”东西。.书面表达(建议用时20)2017皖南八校联考一假设你是Abby，是学校英文报社“知心学长”栏目主编。一位叫Sophia的学妹来信反映自己有“拖延”的坏习惯。即使她有很多如做作业、弹琴等重要的事要做，也总是不由自主地把时间花在看电视、玩手机等琐事上，为此她非常苦恼。请用英文给她回信，提一些建议。内容包括：1.拖延的本质；2.改正的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：procrastination n拖延，耽搁Dear Sophia，I am glad to hear from