2018届高考英语大一轮复习Unit5NelsonMandela_amodernhero课时规范训练新人教版.docx

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero.阅读理解A(2016高考全国甲卷)A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstandingundoubtedly firstrate photojournalismif they had been made last week.In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难) ，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship.The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists,27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance，adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scotts last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the worlds imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton，a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published.1What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?AThey were made last week.BThey showed undersea sceneries.CThey were found by a cameraman.DThey recorded a disastrous adventure.2Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?AFrank Hurley.BErnest Shackleton.CRobert Falcon Scott.DCaroline Alexander.3What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?AArtistic creation.BScientific research.CMoney making.DTreasure hunting.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。1解析：选D。细节理解题。由题干中的the photos taken by Hurley定位到文章第二段开头。该段说这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作，故A项错误；该段中还说照片是在一次海难之后拍的，故D项正确；文章没有说拍摄的是海底景观，故B项错误；拍摄者是摄影师，但没有说是一名摄影师发现了这些照片，故C项错误。2选C。推理判断题。由题干中的“第一个到达南极”这条信息定位到第三段。被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Robert Falcon Scott船长先前的探险更大的收获，该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Robert Falcon Scott是最先到达南极的人，故选C项。3选C。细节理解题。题干的Alexander在最后一段出现，the 1914 voyage指本文谈到的Endurance这艘船的探险，该段开头说，这个作家在她的小说The Endurance中说，在那时，探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thoroughly commercial effort)了，因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(money making)，故选C项。A项“艺术创作”，B项“科学调研”，D项“寻宝”，均未体现。B(2017广东惠州三调)In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up. She poured her heart into her report and expressed her dream of becoming an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an “F” on it. The teacher told her it was a “fairy tale”. Jean was heartbroken and ashamed. As the years went by, Jean was beaten down by the discouragement and negativity she encountered whenever she talked about her dream.“Girls cant become airline pilots; never have, never will. Youre crazy. Thats impossible.” Finally Jean gave up.In her senior year of high school, her English teacher was Mrs. Dorothy Slaton, a demanding teacher with high standards. One day Mrs. Slaton asked this question：“If you had unlimited finances, unlimited access to the finest schools, unlimited talents and abilities, what would you do？” Jean felt a rush of the old enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrote down the very old dream.The next thing that Mrs. Slaton said changed the course of Jeans life. The teacher leaned forward over her desk and said，“I have a little secret for you. You do have unlimited abilities and talents. When you leave school, if you dont go for your dreams, no one will do it for you. You can have what you want if you want it enough.”The hurt and fear of years of discouragement disappeared all of a sudden.Jean felt thrilled and told her about her dream of becoming a pilot. Mrs. Slaton slapped the desk top.“Then do it！” she said.So Jean did. It didnt happen overnight. In her 10 years of hard work, even facing varieties of laugh, frustration and opposition，she never gave up her dream. Instead, she went on doing everything her thirdgrade teacher regarded as fairytale.Eventually, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain for the United Airline Company.4Jeans thirdgrade teacher thought her dream to be _.AgreatBimpossibleCchallenging Dreasonable5Mrs. Slaton may hold the view that _.Aonly some of her students have great potentialBher students are good enough to be admitted to the best schoolsCbelief contributes to realizing a dreamDJean was to have her dream realized6According to the passage, we can infer that _.AJeans dream was always in her deep heartBJean owed her success to all her teachersCmost people around Jean approved of her dreamDJean achieved her dream with ease7Which is the best title of the passage?AA Respectable TeacherBHow to Realize a DreamCHard Work Pays offDReach for the Sky【语篇导读】琼哈珀经历种种打击，仍然不放弃梦想，后来在一位老师的鼓励下，她为梦想而奋斗，最终实现了自己的梦想。4解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三、四句Her paper came back with an“F”on it.The teacher told her it was a“fairy tale”可知，老师认为她的梦想是不可能实现的。5解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句You can have what you want if you want it enough.可知，只要有强烈的愿望，就能实现你的梦想。故选C项。6解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Jean felt a rush of the old enthusiasm，and with excitement she wrote down the very old dream.和第四段第一句The hurt and fear of years of discouragement disappeared all of a sudden.可知她的梦想一直深藏心底。7解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章主要讲琼哈珀经历种种打击，仍然不放弃梦想，后来在一位老师的鼓励下，艰苦努力，永不言弃，最终美梦成真。Reach for the Sky意为“伸手触摸天空”，既暗示了主人公想当飞行员的梦想，又表达了实现梦想的艰难，一语双关，贴切传神。C(2017河北衡水第三次联考)My grandmother was from a town in Michigan. Summer after summer，I enjoyed staying with my grandparents as a young child.I was from the city and loved the small town they lived in. People knew everyone, their kids, their pets and their ancestors. The bond with them continued to grow as they got older. Grandma was always using her hands for something exciting. She would make little sandwiches and wed have tea parties. Shed make beautiful quilts for each one. I remember the small thimble (顶针) she would use while doing her needle work.A few years ago, when Grandma left this earth, I bid farewell to a loving grandmother. How quickly our lives can change. We had just had tea together a couple of months earlier, on her 91st birthday.I missed her very much. On one particular birthday, when I was feeling a little low, something happened to make me feel like she was sharing that special day with me. I was arranging some colorful pillows that she had made, and suddenly I felt something inside one pillow. It was small and hard. I moved the object to a seam (接缝) that I carefully opened, and to my delight out came a tiny silver thimble! How happy I was to find something that had been a part of her.Not realizing it had fallen off her finger, I pictured her sewing it in that little pillow that I just happened to place on my bedspread that day. I carefully laid the thimble alongside the others Ive collected over the years, where I could continue to see the gift God chose to reveal to me. What a precious memory of a very special lady who somehow, I knew, was laughing in delight at sewing her thimble inside my pillow.I made some tea, using my best china, as Grandma always did, and enjoyed my tea and Grandmas thimble. What a wonderful birthday that was!8The author wrote this passage to _.Aexpress a desire to lead a simple lifeBshow she missed living with her grandmaCcall on people to care for the oldDrecall her happy childhood9The author liked staying with her grandparents because _.Ashe was curious about people and things thereBthey often bought her some giftsCshe could have tea parties and eat sandwichesDshe could learn to sew quilts10How did the author feel when she found the silver thimble?ASad. BProud.CCheerful. DLucky.11What is the best title for the passage?AGrandmas Silver ThimbleBA Little PillowCMy GrandparentsDMy Childhood【语篇导读】作者以祖母的银顶针为回忆的线索，讲述了自己小时候和祖父母一起度过的快乐时光。祖母去世后，作者在她缝制的枕头里发现了她用过的顶针。本文表达了作者对祖母的深切怀念之情。8解析：选B。推理判断题。本题考查作者的写作意图，在文中作者回忆了小时候和祖母一起度过的快乐时光，因此作者写作的主要目的是缅怀自己已故的祖母。9解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的I was from the city and loved the small town they lived in.People knew everyone .The bond with them continued to grow as they got older.可知，作者小时候在夏天时会去祖父母居住的小镇与他们一起生活，作者对那里的人和事都充满了好奇。故选A项。10解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的How happy I was to find something that had been a part of her.可知，作者发现了祖母的银顶针时的心情是喜悦的。11解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据作者回忆，祖母的银顶针是贯穿全文的线索，作者透过小小的一枚顶针，表达了对祖母无限的回忆和深深的爱。DWith a million 1825s unemployed, its not an easy time for young people looking to get on the job ladder.However, through the statistic I saw an opportunity that I decided to take. Throughout the past years I have worked hard to develop a number of projects to help young people gain an advantage in their careers and in life. With the support of Levi Roots, who created Reggae sauce, I founded UnITe Computing in 2011 and since then I have enjoyed working with clients(客户) such as Google UK，the University of Australia and others. Though this journey has had its ups and downs, I am proud of how far we have come.The main issue I have faced so far in my business life has been gaining the trust of others. If you are 19, not very many people believe you when you say you run a number of businesses. In fact I have been laughed at and even told to get a job by some.This was a major obstacle I had to face. To overcome it I simply established a professional and positive reputation among colleagues, friends and in the media in order to build credibility for myself and my businesses. Age should not limit your ability to succeed and I have gained more respect due to my willingness to give back and reward the communities which support me.One of the young business people I personally support is Ryan Farquharson who runs Lovethequote. com.He says，“To anybody that has an urge to run their own business I would absolutely say go for it, anyone can do it！”Its this gogetting attitude that I firmly believe needs to be encouraged and developed among todays young people. The “one million unemployed youth”statistic is a key drive for change and an opportunity to get up and make something of yourself，you simply have to go for it and pick up support. That is what my journey and my story aims to inspire.12The author established the company because he _.Afailed to find a satisfying jobBenjoyed working for himselfCfollowed Levi Roots adviceDspotted a chance of success13The underlined word “obstacle” in Paragraph 2 means _.Apressure BdifficultyCfrustration Ddisappointment14By mentioning Ryan Farquharson, the author wants to _.Ashow the achievement Ryan Farquharson has madeBencourage young people to turn to him for supportCexplain what is the most important thing to succeedDintroduce the right attitude young people should have15Which of the following words can best describe the author?ADetermined and generous.BConsiderate and optimistic.CSympathetic and productive.DAdventurous and responsible.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。面对很多年轻人找不到工作的现状，同样身为年轻人的作者从中嗅得商机并创办了自己的公司，帮助其他年轻人赢在起跑线上。12解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“through the statistic I saw an opportunity that I decided to take .I founded UnITe Computing”可知，作者通过统计看到一个实施的机会。并于2011年成立了UnITe Computing公司。13解析：选B。词义猜测题。由于年龄小，作者不能取得别人的信任，因此如何取得别人的信任成为作者在创业途中碰到的最大“难题”。14解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Its this gogetting attitude that I firmly believe needs to be encouraged and developed among todays young people.”可以看出，作者提Ryan Farquharson主要是想引出他说的话。作者认为当今年轻人都应该有他的这种态度。15解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，面对别人的质疑，作者并未放弃，而是通过努力让别人改变对自己的看法，由此可以看出作者很有决心；再根据第二段中的“my willingness to give back and reward the communities which support me”不难看出，作者非常慷慨。.七选五(2017湖南长沙市长郡中学月考)When we are little, we know nothing about the rights and responsibilities of adulthood._1_Therefore, if we like a certain toy or if we want to eat a certain type of chocolate, we think that our parents will have to buy that for us. We dont care that they possibly have not enough money for that. If they dont carry out our wish, well begin to cry._2_Whenever we begin to cry, well get what we want.Still, little by little, we realize that our parents cant offer us all that we want for certain reasons. We then also understand that parents have their rights. They have the right to scold us when we do something wrong or when they find out that we have lied to them._3_They choose our clothes, the food we eat, the school we will study at, the hours when we should go out to play and the time we have to return home.4_They are the ones to be blamed later if we dont receive proper education. Thats why when we beat a classmate at the kindergarten, parents are the ones to apologize for our deeds in front of the teacher and the classmates parents. And when we get ill, they are responsible for not taking good care of us and for dressing us inadequately.The moment we become teenagers, we notice that we should be responsible for our behavior in society.Now we have the right to be independent._5_It is supposed that we are mature enough to solve our problems and to make people around trust us. For some of us, this is a difficult test to pass, but it is the best method to see if we are capable of taking our place in society.AHowever, its also time f