2019版高考英语复习Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries讲义外研版必修3.docx

Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries一积词汇见多识广课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1human n(与动物等对比的)人 2index n 指数3household n. 一家人；家庭 4charity n. 慈善团体5freeway n. 高速公路 6inhabitant n. 居民7smart adj. 漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的 8vast adj. 巨大的；庞大的(二)表达词汇写其形1income n. 收入 2measure vt. 测定；测量；评估3goal n. 目标 4position n. 位置5figure n. 数字 6homeless adj. 无家可归的7transport n. 交通工具 8exchange n. 交换(三)拓展词汇灵活用1.hunger n饥饿hungry adj.饥饿的2.crowded adj.拥挤的crowd n人群 v聚拢3.poverty n贫穷poor adj.贫穷的*4.similarity n类似；相似similar adj.相似的similarly adv.相似地；类似地*5.unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的unfortunately adv.不幸地(反义词)fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地fortune n运气；财富6.entertainment n娱乐entertain vt.使娱乐；款待*7.development n发展develop v(使)发展；(使)成长developing adj.发展中的developed adj.发达的*8.educate vt.教育；培养；训练education n教育9.industrial adj.工业的industry n工业*10.polluted adj.受到污染的pollute v污染pollution n污染用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1The future belongs to people who are well educated,_so education is of great significance to us. (educate)2Waste water from the factory is the main cause of the pollution (pollute)3The two pictures are similar and its easy to find many similarities between them. Similarly,_you can also find some differences.(similar)4Its unfortunate to be stuck in the rain. Even unfortunately,_we couldnt find anyone to help us. At last we tried our fortune to find a shortcut. Fortunately,_we arrived home before dark. So we were also fortunate.(fortune)5With the development of economy, peoples lives are becoming better and better. However, China, as a developing country, is different from America, which is a developed one.(develop)话题单词积累1economy /IknmI/ n经济2commerce /kms/ n. 商业3corporation /kpreI()n/ n. (大)公司4firm /fm/ n. 公司，企业 adj. 坚固的；坚定的5enterprise /entpraIz/ n. 公司；企/事业单位6company/kmp()nI/ n. 公司7negotiation /nIIeI()n/ n. 协商；谈判8business /bIznIs/ n. 生意；交易；事业9deal /dil/ n. 量；数额；交易10trade /treId/ n. 贸易11profit /prfIt/ n. 利润12loss /ls/ n. 损失13account/kant/ n. 账目；描述14bill /bIl/ n. 账单；(美)钞票；票据15debt /det/ n. 债务；欠款16finance /faInns/ n. 资金，财政，财务，金融17interest /Int()rIst/ n. 利息18budget /bdIt/ n. 预算19capital /kpIt()l/ n. 资本20currency /kr()nsI/ n. 货币；流通21invest /Invest/ v. 投资22export /ekspt/ n& vt. 出口23import /Impt/ n& v. 进口24manage /mnId/ vt. 管理；经营25boom /bum/ n& vi. (生意)繁荣；激增26decline /dIklaIn/ n& v. 减少；下降；衰退27decrease /dIkris/ n& v. 减少；减小；降低28poverty /pvti/ n. 贫穷29expectancy /Ikspektnsi/ n. 预期数额30statistics /sttIstIks/ n. 统计数字二积短语顿挫抑扬课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.up_to直到；到时候为止*2.at_the_top/bottom_of 在顶端/底部*3.make_efforts 努力4.take_measures 采取措施*5.in_particular 尤其；特别6.be_connected_with 与有联系；与有关*7.be/get_close_to 接近；靠近8.make_progress 取得进步9.increase_._by (以幅度)增加10.collect/raise_money_for 为筹集资金/募捐(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1Last term he was at_the_top_of the exam list, which made his parents very glad.2The hotel is_close_to Xiamen University, so we can go there on foot after supper.3New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up_to 15,000 in debt.4I made_efforts to get the car out of the mud, but it remained stuck there.5The company has launched several types of cars this year, and one in_particular appeals to the young.话题短语积累1be short of短缺的；缺乏的；不足的2bring down prices 降低价格3meet/satisfy ones needs 满足某人的需求4set aside 拨出；留出；不理会5make a profit 盈利；赚钱6be beneficial to 对有益7lay a solid foundation to 为打下坚实基础8from another perspective从另一个角度9be devoted to 投身于10in all aspects of human life 在人类生活的各个方面11give rise to 引起；使发生12take . into account/consideration 把考虑在内13make contributions to 为做贡献14out of debt 不欠债15in hopes of 希望；怀着的希望三积句式写作扮靓课内句式仿写1while用作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况例句Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7. 仿写正如上面图表所示，80%的被采访者都对医疗和交通表示满意，而仅有40%的人对物价表示满意。As is apparently shown on the chart above, 80% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with the medical insurance and public transportation, while_only_40%_are_satisfied_with_the_prices.2although引导让步状语从句例句Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated.仿写因此，尽管钱对于幸福的生活是必要的，但它不能买来幸福。Therefore, although_money_is_necessary_for_a_happy_life,_it cant buy happiness.3主语be形容词不定式例句However, in other regions of the world, eg. Eastern Europe, water is now mostly safe to drink.仿写这个问题不容易回答。This question is_not_easy_to_answer.4“of抽象名词”用来描述人或事物的特征例句Its an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age .仿写我确实希望这本书对他的学习将会非常有价值。 I do hope this book will be_of_great_value to him in his studies.5This is because .这是因为例句This is because living with a foreign family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language, and as a result you improve fast.仿写这是因为我们最终认识到它实际上是一种非常环保的生活方式。This_is_because_ we finally realized that it is actually a very ecofriendly way to live.话题佳句背诵1Chinas economy is expected to grow at a medium speed in the coming years, so an increase is possible in the investment in the movie industry and the number of quality movies.(2017江苏高考书面表达)未来几年，中国经济预计中速增长；因此，在电影行业的投资和高质量电影的数量上，增长是可能的。2Beijing and Shanghai are the two biggest and most important cities in China. Now lets have a quick look at the similarities and differences between them.北京和上海是中国的两个最大、最重要的城市。现在让我们快速看一下它们之间的异同。3When seeking the increase of economy, some areas care little about the environment.当追求经济增长的时候，一些地区不关心环境问题。4It is estimated that the economic losses were more than 9.7 billion yuan.估计造成经济损失97亿多元。5Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the fact that we shouldnt develop economy at the expense of the environment.现在越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境作为代价来发展经济这一事实。四背语段语感流畅With little or no income, up to 10% of the people in this city now live below poverty line. They have a strong desire for a better life. Li Hua holds the position of mayor in the city. He figures that the real poverty is not money but ignorance, so they need to take measures to develop education to make sure that all the children are educated. By making efforts they will promote the development of this city soon.由于收入很少或没有收入，现在这个城市高达10%的人生活在贫困线以下。他们强烈渴望过上更好的生活。李华在这个城市担任市长职务。他认为真正的贫困是无知，而不是缺乏钱，因此他们需要采取措施发展教育，确保所有的孩子都能接受教育。通过努力不久他们就会推动这个城市的发展。第一板块重点词汇突破师生共研词汇1measure v测定；测量；衡量；评估；有长(或宽、高等) n尺寸；措施教材原句What does the Human Development Index measure?人类发展指数测定的是什么？be measured by/in用来衡量make . to ones measure 依照某人的尺寸做take measures (to do sth.) 采取措施(做某事)Its generally acknowledged that education shouldnt be_measured (measure) only by examination results.普遍认为教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。The number of them is less than 1,000, so I hope you can take_some_effective_measures_to_protect_them.(2013重庆高考写作)它们的数量不足1 000只，因此我希望你们能采取一些有效的措施来保护它们。The new bridge under construction, measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed next month.在建设中的新大桥，经测量桥长是原来老桥的两倍，预计在下个月完工。名师指津measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有长/宽/高等”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时态，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。2position n位置；姿势；地位；职位；处境；立场；态度教材原句The UK is in the thirteenth position, while China is in the middle of the list.英国排在第13位，然而中国排在名单的中游。in a(n) . position处于地位/位置in/out of position 在/不在适当的位置be in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金钱或权力等而)能做某事take up a position 就位；担任职位；采取某种立场(态度)hold the position of . 担任的职务One of the cups is out_of_position. Put it back in_position.有一只杯子位置不对，把它放回适当的位置。When I know all the facts, Ill be in a position to_advise (advise) you.当我了解所有的事实之后，我就能给你提出建议了。At present she holds the position of sales manager in a large company.现在她在一家大公司担任销售经理的职务。Sales manager is a position where communication is just as important as sales skills.销售经理是一个交流能力和销售技巧同等重要的职位。名师指津当position后跟定语从句且其在从句中作状语时，引导词应用where。熟词生义写出加黑单词在语境中的含义His remarks showed that he misunderstood my position on the question.态度；立场3figure n数字；图形；雕像；人物；身材；人影 v计算；认为；描绘教材原句Complete the chart with figures from the passage.用课文中的数字完成表格。一词多义写出下列句中figure的含义It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country havent got a job.数字After a certain age, you have to work hard to keep your figure.身材She was frightened to see a figure in the dark.人影Mi Yue, a real historical figure, lived during the Warring States Period.人物I figure that different people like different things.认为keep ones figure保持身材figure out 想出；理解；弄明白；计算出figure on 期待；指望；计算figure in 把列入计算/考虑范围If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure_it_out.(2017北京高考单选)如果你不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与其他人探讨，直到你把它弄清楚。We figured on your coming early to help us.我们期待你们会早些来帮助我们。语境串记Being a popular social figure, she always manages to keep her figure and figures out ways to attract the attention of the majority. 作为一位受欢迎的公众人物， 她总能保持身材并且想出办法来吸引公众的注意力。词汇过关练.单句语法填空1We are in a difficult position in that we have nobody properly qualified for this work.2After the typhoon, people found some tall trees, measuring (measure) more than 10 meters, lying on the ground.3All over the world, researchers are racing against the clock to figure out how best to feed more people in a fastchanging world.4Exchange your idea with your partner and then write it down.5He had an income of 2,000 yuan a month, so it was difficult for him to pay off the debts.6My father warned me against going to the West Coast because it was crowded (crowd) with tourists.7What are the main differences and similarities (similar) between them?8In South Africa, English is the language in which black parents wish their children to_be_educated (educate)9The river had_been_polluted (pollute) by waste products from the factory, so the police warned people not to bathe in it.10In order to remove poverty (poor), the World Bank has switched its focus to providing assistance to developing countries.单句改错1The government has taken measure to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.measuremeasures2I figured the train tickets but forgot the taxi fares.figured后加in3Overseas Chinese are particularly sought after for positions which a high degree or leadership is required.whichwhere4Many people in the village fell ill because of drinking the polluting water. pollutingpolluted5It was not until Jake came to China as an exchanged student this summer that he began to realize the importance of learning Chinese.exchangedexchange.单句写作(补全句子)1史密斯先生要求裁缝按照他的尺寸做些新衣服。Mr Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes to_his_own_measure.2他偶尔也和邻居交流几句。He occasionally exchanged_a_few_words_with his neighbours.3在经过数月努力找一份服务员的工作未果之后，迪娜最终在当地广告事务所谋得了一个职位。Dina, having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took_up_a_position at a local advertising agency.4在那些完全控制不了的事情上用最少的时间，并且弄清楚你能做些什么以带来改变。Spend the least time on those things that are completely out of control, and figure_out_what_you_can_do to make a difference. 5那条路上挤满了看热闹的人。That road has been_crowded_with_people watching the excitement.第二板块短语、句式突破1up to直到；达到；到为止；忙于；胜任；由决定经典例句She continued to care for her father up to the time of his death.她一直照顾父亲，直到他去世。一词多义写出下列句中up to的含义If you advertise your goods in a dishonest way, you will be fined up to 50,000 yuan. 达到A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.(2015湖南高考)直到Dont worry. He is up to the job that you offered him.胜任Shall we have red wine or white?Its up to you！由决定be up to .胜任/忙于It is up to sb. to do sth. 由某人决定做某事It is up to you. 随你的便/由你来决定。Life is like a cup, but its up to you to_decide (decide) whether its a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup.生活就像一个杯子，但是它是“杯具”还是“洗具”，由你自己决定。2make efforts努力高考佳句Therefore, the film industry should make greater efforts to attract more viewers.(2017江苏高考书面表达)因此，电影业应该更加努力吸引更多的观众。(1)make to do sth. (尽一切)努力做某事spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事(2)with effort 努力地without effort 毫不费力地；容易地More efforts, as reported, will_be_made (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.(2016江苏高考单选)据报道，为加快供给侧结构性改革，今后几年将会付出更多的努力。No pains no gains. I am sure that with_your_great_efforts,_you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.(2014江西高考书面表达)不劳无获。我相信只要你们付出巨大努力，你们就会在这里享有一种丰富多彩、硕果累累的生活。Food safety is very important, so the government spares no effort to_prevent (prevent) food pollution.食品安全非常重要，因此政府不遗余力地防止食品污染。联想发散“尽一切努力做某事”的表达法还有： try/do ones best to do sth.do all that sb.can to do sth.do what sb.can to do sth.3be/get close to 靠近，接近；即将发生教材原句Tourism is important to both of them, and they are both close to some of the most beautiful countryside in the region.对于两个城市来说，旅游业都很重要，而且这两个城市与该地区最美丽的一些乡村近在咫尺。(1)close down(广播电台、电视台)停止播音，停播；(工厂等的)关闭，歇业close in 包围；封闭；逼近close up 关闭，停歇；靠拢，靠近，靠紧(2)close v. 关闭 adj. 实力接近的；严密的；亲密的 adv. 靠近(指距离上)closely adv. 密切地，仔细地(指程度或关系的紧密)closed adj. 关着的，闭着的，停业的I love getting close to nature to relax after the exam.我喜欢在考试后去接近大自然来放松一下。I cant believe that the restaurant, where I have eaten such wonderful meals, is going to close down.我不相信那家饭店要停业了，我曾在那儿吃过很可口的饭。I think it was Charlie Chaplin who said that close up,_human life is tragic, but from a distance, its funny.我想应该是查理卓别林说的这句话吧：靠近看，人生就是个悲剧，但从远处看，又很有趣。4Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。本句中while作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”；while还可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”；引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然；只要”。一词多义写出下列句中while的含义Some people waste food while others havent enough.然而；可是While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.(2016浙江高考单选)尽管；虽然Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done.(2017全国卷)当时候While there is a life, there is hope.只要短语、句式过关练.选用所给短语完成下面语段Li Ming who lived in a poor family went to school 1.up_to the age of eight. He was not good at his studies in the beginning. 2.To_make_sure he could catch up with other students, his teachers decided to help him after class. With the teachers help, he 3.made_great_progress in his studies. Last term he was 4.at_the_top_of the exam list. He believed that he was sure to go to an ideal university by 5.making_efforts.句型转换1This question is very important.This question is of_great_importance.2This pair of shoes is not the same in size.This pair of shoes is not of_the_same_size.3Some people like living in the city. Others prefer living in the countryside.Some people like living in the city while_others_prefer_living_in_the_countryside.4A temple stands on the top of the mountain.On the top of the mountain stands_a_temple.5Because he got up late, he didnt catch the early bus.He didnt catch the early bus. Thats_because he got up late.提能一用课文词汇写高分作文development， household， income， poverty， tourism， take measures， make efforts， fortunately， educate1补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)随着经济的发展，大多数人的生活水平提高了。With the development of economy, most peoples living standard has risen.在这个地区中一些家庭仍然收入低，生活在贫困中。In this region some households still have a low income and live in poverty. 幸运地是，政府正在采取措施以改变他们的生活。Fortunately,_the government is taking_measures to change their life.他们认为教育很重要并且所有的孩子都应该接受教育。They think education is very important and all the children should be educated.政府正在努力提高经济发展水平，例如，发展旅游业。The government is making_efforts to improve the development of economy, for example, developing the tourism.2升级平淡句(1)用while作并列连词合并句和句With_the_development_of_economy,_most_peoples_living_standard_has_risen,_while_in_this_region_some_households_still_have_a_low_income_and_live_in_poverty.(2)用“ofn.”改写句They_think_education_is_of_great_importance_and_all_the_children_should_be_educated.3衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：first, second)With the development of economy, most peoples living standard has risen, while in this region some households still have a low income and live in poverty. Fortunately, the government is taking measures to change their life. First, they think education is of great importance and all the children should be educated. Second, the government is making efforts to improve the development of economy, for example, developing the tourism. 提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句本单元突破点并列连词连接的宾语从句经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.由连词but连接的两个that引导的宾语从句。Axani在公告中写到，他并不寻求任何回报，使用这张额外机票的女士既可以选择和他一起旅行，也可以把票拿走独自去旅行。真题长难句Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in return and that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with him or take the ticket and travel on her own. (2017全国卷完形填空)由连词and连接的两个并列的宾语从句。众所周知，中国还是一个发展中国家，作为中学生，我们要了解发展中国家与发达国家之间的差异，然后思考怎样去缩小我们国家与发达国家的差异，从而努力学习、建设美丽祖国。此话题通常出现在阅读理解、完形填空等题型中，以说明文居多。话题与语篇考题示例(2013北京高考七选五)UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. _1_ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was o