高三英语课件：英语学习中意群的构建.ppt

STRUCTURE OF GROUP MEANING IN ENGLISH LEARNING(英语学习中意群的构建),（一）意群的构建在单项选择题中,制作：张利青,意群指的是在英语交际中表达一个词组 、一个句子或一个段落的完整的意义。意群对于学生在学习语言的过程中理解句子和段落大意以及文章中心思想都有很重要的作用。在意群构建学习中，如下几点是关键：,a.构建意群的整体性(completion)各个意群是一个有机的整体，在意义上不能把它们分割开来。如：,Jenny is pleasant to _ . A. say B. speak C. talk D. talk to,答案D，强调了整体性，因为意群 talk to sb. 与前面的Jenny 有关。又如,D,- Whom would you rather _with you, Mary or June? - _. A.go,Neither B. have go, Either C.have gone, Either D. have to go , Both,答案B，强调了意群是have sb. do sth. ,与前面的whom 有构成整体的关系。,B,b.重视意群的分裂性(separation)。即把一个意群的整体分裂开来。如： John plays the piano _ , if not better than, David. A.as well B. as well as C. so well D.so well as,答案B，说明意群的整体是，John plays the piano as well as David,只是中间插了一个状语not better than (=if he doesnt play it better than David.)把意群的整体分裂开来。,B,又如： The fellow in rags, _ nobody seemed to say anything ,tried to explain that he was not a beggar. to whom B. about whom C. who D. whom,答案A，说明The fellow in rags tried to explain ，是意群的整体,只是中间夹了一个非限制性定语从句。如果不注意意群的构建的话，就会很容易误选B答案。,A,C.关注意群的位移(displacement)这种现象经常出现在倒装句 . 感叹句和疑问句中，如： Not until all the fish in the river died _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the people realize B. the people realized C. the villagers did realized D. didnt the villagers realized,A,答案A。这是个否定词位移的倒装句，原本的意群是 not until , 即People didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish in the river died .又如： How happy the children are _ each other again. A. see B. to see C. saw D. seen,答案B，表明原本的意群是,B,The children are happy to see each other. 只是在感叹句中把happy 作为被强调部分调到前面去了。 d.把握意群的省略(omission)。即把意群中的某个部分省去，意义还是完整的如：I didnt noticed it until _ .,A. it is too B. being too late C. too late D. be too late,答案C，表明完整的意群是,C,until it was too late. 又如： You can have another two days leave, if / when necessary. 很明显 if /when necessary 的完整意群是 if / when it is necessary.,e.留意标点符号(punctuation marks)如逗号，分号；等:,1.John went up to the boy , patting him on the shoulder , and _ him away.,B,A. taking B. took C. to take D. take,2.Last Sunday,I met Marry, _ was my friend.,3.Last Sunday, I met Marry ; _ was my friend .,4.Last Sunday, I met Marry , and _ was my friend.,A. who B.she C.her D. whom,A,B,B,Exercises,1.Those plastic flowers look so _that many people think they are real.,.A.similar B.nice C.natural D.beautiful,2. -Tom,you are so lazy.This job ought to have been finished hours ago. -Sorry,I know it _. A. Should have done B.must have been C.ought to be D. should have been,c,D,3. When the country calls you for help, you _. A.cant go B.should not but go C.cant help but go D. cant but go 4.-Is the house at the end of the street still for sale? -No, it _. A. was sold B.has sold C.had sold D.has been sold,D,D,5. Mary tried hard to find a job but she had no _. A.trouble B. luck C. time D. chance 6.- Do you enjoy these two novels? - I should if _ of them were written lively. A. either B. each C. every D. all,A,B,7. They _ 100,000 dollars for the old house.And now they ve bought a new one. 8. The old houses were too expensive. I only _ him 10,000 for each. s