名词性从句高三语法复习课：名词性从句.ppt

高中语法专题,名词性从句,大家的问题,1.小组讨论。 2.小组展示问题 3.小组展示讨论的结果 4.小组讨论后，还需要老师帮助的问题。,1.You know that my flat is opposite to this building. 2. That my flat is opposite to this building is known to you all. 3. It is known to you all that my flat is opposite to this building. 4. The fact that my flat is opposite to this building is known to you all. 5. I am worried about whether you can find my flat. 6. What I am worried about is whether you can find my flat.,Object Clause,Subject Clause,Subject Clause,Predicative Clause,Appositive Clause,Object Clause,Find the clauses and tell the function of them:（找从句、说功能）,Subject Clause,分类介绍一:主语从句,1.主语从句的连接词,例:(1).That he will win is certain. (2).It has been reported that sales of beef in China will increase. (3).Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. (4).Whether hell join us in the discussion is of great importance.,1).连接词: that, whether,例: (1).It is clear who is afraid of having a change in land ownership. (2).Whose bag it is can not be told. (3).What India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer. (4).It is not yet decided which cash crop (商品作物) will be produced next year. (5).Whatever he said was right. (6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6 oclock.,2).连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whatever, whichever,3).连接副词: when, where, why, how, how many, how much ，how long, how soon, how often,例:(1).When well start will be told soon. (2).Where we can buy oxen is something we need to find out. (3).Why he came here is not known. (4).How we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed. (5).How many people died from starvation that year will never be known. (6).How often hell go to see his grandmother depends on the time he can spare.,2.注意点,1).主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后. 例: 误: When will he come is not known.,2).连接词that在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略. 例: 误: He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.,正: When he will come is not known.,正: That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.,3).whether可以引导主语从句,但if不能. _his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if,4).whoever, whatever, whichever等词可以引导主语从句, 但no matter who, no matter what 等不能.,Whoever breaks the school rules must be punished.,试比较：Whoever breaks the schools rules, he must be punished. =No matter who breaks the school rules, he must be punished.,B,让步状语从句,5).为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. It is known/reported/thought/said/that It is clear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful/that It is a pity/a shame/an honour/ that It doesnt matter whether It seems / appears that It happens that It hasnt been decided that It is a fact / surprise that It occurred to me that.（我忽然想起）,二.宾语从句,1.宾语从句的引导词: 宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同.,2.注意点,1).宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序. 2).引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义,多数 情况下可以省略. 3).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 但: (1).当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if. 例: I dont know _I will stay or not. (2).介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. 例: I worry about _ I hurt her feeling.,whether,whether,4).that在宾语从句中的省略与保留 (1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句 (真正宾语) 的句型中不省略. 例: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. (2).由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语 从句中,that 不省略. 例: He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.,三.表语从句,1.表语从句的引导词: 基本上与主语从句的引导词相同.连词除了that, whether(不用if)外,还可以用because.在连系动词seem,look之后还可用as though (as if ). (1).That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. (2).The question was when the butcher was likely to come back from the town. (3).The fact remains that a change in land ownership is needed in India. (4).That is what he told us. (5).It seems as if it is going to rain.,2.注意点,1). 表语从句一律用陈述句的语序. 2).表语从句的引导词that无实际意义,但不能省略. 3).表语从句只能用whether,而不能用if 引导. 4).不要使用 The reason is because that 句型, 应使用 The reason is that 或 This / it /that/ is because等句型. 例如: 今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多. 误: The reason why he was late this morning is because that there was a lot of traffic on the road.,正: The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on the road. 或:He was late this morning. That was because there was a lot of traffic on the road.,四.同位语从句,1.同位语从句的引导词: that 2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别: 如果that作从句中的某一成分,则是定语从句,如果that不作从句中的任何成分,则是同位语从句. 例: (1). I had no idea that it was so late. (主系表 结构,that 不作从句中的成分,同位语从句) (2).I still remember the place that we visited last year.(主谓宾结构,that作从句中的宾 语,定语从句),1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.,判断：定语从句(AT) , 同位语从句(AP),2.The news that is spreading around the airport is coming.,3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.,4.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 5. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.,AP,AT,AP,AT,AP,3.that引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有: idea, fact, news, belief, thought, doubt, suggestion; proof, message, order, conclusion, desire, theory, truth, word 等. 1）The fact that he was killed made us surprised. 2）I have no idea when he will be back. 3）We heard the news that our team had won. 4）Can you find the answer to the question what was wrong with the computer? 5）He made a suggestion that we (should) read some original English literature works.,注意区分,例句： 1）What he said is true. =_ 2）He is not what he used to be. = _ 3） I know what you need. _ 4） That he was chosen made us very excited. 5）The trouble is that she has lost his address. 6）I think (that) hell be all right in a few days.,The thing that he said is true.,He is not the kind of person that he used to be.,What=all that,选择:that / what,1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _ we won the game. 4.This is _ we want to know. 5.Is _ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _ he will come. 8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,练习1：whether与if 主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句以及介词宾语从句都用whether 引导；if 和whether引导宾语从句，但是whether可以连用or not; if 不能。,例句： 1._ he will go or not is not clear. （主） 2.The question is _the TV play is worth watching.（表） 3.The news _our team has won the match is unknown.（同位） 4.Im interested in _ hell come or not. (介词宾语从 句) 5.I want to know _you have received my invitation (宾),Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether / if,高考题演练：,（10福建）35. We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 35. 答案：C 考点：宾语从句 解析：空格在句中充当宾语,（10湖南）35. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 35. 答案D 考点：考查名词性从句。 解析：该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。,（10天津）14. As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. When D. which 答案： B. 考点：考查名词性从句。 句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。 解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。,（10北京）33. _ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 33. 答案：B 考点: 本题考查主语从句。 句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。 解析：从句中缺宾语，只能用B. what来引导. C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。,（10浙江）1How about camping this weekend, just for a change? OK, you want. Awhichever Bhowever Cwhatever Dwhoever 答案：C 考点：本题考查引导词。 解析：句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。,（10上海）36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how C. what D. why 答案：A 考点：此处考查的是同位语从句。 解析：考察that引导同位语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。,（10湖北）74. The news _（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall) 74. 答案：that the housing price will fall 考点：同位语从句 解析：用 “that” 引导同位语从句，“房价”译成 “housing price”。,（10 山 东）26. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which 答案:B 考点：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。 解析：句意应为“在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。,37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know_. A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering 答案：B 考点：本题考查宾语从句。 解析：which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。,（10四川）14How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives Awhat Bwho Chow Dwhy 答案：B 考点：考查介词后的宾语从句。 解析：根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去，故选B。句意为“一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”,（10全国）33. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where 33题 答案：D 句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里