高中英语Module3InterpersonalRelationships_FriendshipSectionⅢGrammar教案.docx

Section Grammar动词-ing形式的完成式作状语及动词-ing形式与不定式作宾语语法初识原句感知自主探究Having lost all my friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school.Having left something in the cloakroom, I went inside to get it.This weekend, having thought about the situation for a while, I decided to ask Roy about the theft .The girls stopped talking when the teacher came into the room.Walking along the road, the girls stopped to look in a shop window.Do you remember going to school for the first time?Remember to give me a ring when you get home.1.前三个例句中动词ing 形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。2例句中stop doing sth.表示停止正在做的事情；例句中stop to do sth.表示停下来去做某事。3例句中remember doing sth.表示记住做过某事；例句中remember to do sth.表示记着去做某事。语法剖析语法点一动词ing形式的完成式作状语1动词ing形式的完成式作状语基本用法(1)基本形式：having过去分词否定形式：not having过去分词完成式的被动式：having been过去分词(2)成分：动词ing形式的完成式在句中可作状语，常表示时间、原因等。(3)功能：所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，如果该动作与句子的主语之间是主谓关系，则用主动形式having done；如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式having been done。Having lived in the city for three years, she knows it well.在这个城市生活了三年，她对这里已经很熟悉了。Not having finished the homework, the pupil doesnt dare to go to school.由于还没有完成作业，这个学生不敢去上学。Having been invited to speak, Ill start making preparations tomorrow.已经被邀请发表讲话，我明天将开始做些准备。2动词ing形式的一般式和完成式作状语的用法区别(1)动词ing形式的一般式，作状语时与句子主语之间为主动关系，所表示的动作与句子谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，常表示时间、条件、原因或结果等。Seeing those pictures, he couldnt help thinking of those days in Yanan.当他看到那些图片时，就禁不住想起了在延安的那些日子。Working hard, you will pass the entrance exam.如果你努力学习，你就会通过入学考试。(2)动词ing形式的完成式，作状语时与句子主语为主动或被动关系，所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，常表示时间或原因等。Having got our tickets, we drove to the airport to board the plane.买到机票之后，我们就开车到机场登机。集中演练111.单句语法填空Having_analysed (analyse) the data, the scientists concluded that the disease was caused by the polluted water.Having_been_warned (warn) of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend following her.Having_driven (drive) all the way, we felt rather tired and decided to find a hotel to have a rest.Having_been_told (tell) many times, he still didnt know how to do it.Realizing (realize) it was our last high school sports meeting, we decided to make it an unforgettable experience for all of us.12.句型转换After he had finished his homework, the little boy began to play Internet games.Havingfinishedhishomework,_ the little boy began to play Internet games.When he was walking along the street, he met his old friend.Walking along the street, he met his old friend.Because he had lived in the city for years, he started getting to know it.Havinglived in the city for years, he started getting to know it.Because he hadnt finished the task, he has to stay there for another week.Nothavingfinished the task, he has to stay there for another week.语法点二动词ing形式与不定式作宾语1可用动名词作宾语的动词(短语)(1)常见的能用动名词作宾语的动词有：advise, admit, allow, avoid, consider, miss, keep, practice, finish, enjoy, appreciate, forbid, imagine, risk, suggest, mind, permit等。I couldnt risk missing that train.我可不敢冒误了那趟火车的险。She suggested selling your house to pay the debt.她建议卖掉你的房子来抵债。(2)常见的能用动名词作宾语的动词短语有：look forward to, lead to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, cant stand, feel like, insist on, apologize for, be busy in, have difficulty (in), spend time (in)等。He insists onseeing you alone.他坚持要单独见你。(3)advise, allow, forbid, permit等动词后可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可跟不定式作宾补。We dont allow smoking here.我们不允许在此吸烟。We dont allow students to smoke here.我们不允许学生在此吸烟。2可用动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)(1)能接不定式作宾语的常见动词有：agree, choose, decide, determine, learn, want, expect, hope, refuse, manage, wish, pretend, offer, promise, plan等。After much discussion they decided to accept our offer.经过反复讨论，他们决定接受我们开的价。I only just managed to finish on time.我刚好设法按时完成。(2)能接“疑问词不定式”作宾语的动词(短语)有：show, understand, tell, explain, teach, learn, know, ask, decide, wonder, find out, deal with等。He didnt know how to deal with the accident.他不知道怎么处理这起事故。名师点津此用法中的不定式的逻辑主语需要与句子的主语或宾语一致，否则得用宾语从句。3可用动词不定式和动名词作宾语的动词(短语)(1)下列动词(短语)后可跟不定式或动名词，但在意义上却有着明显的差别。Remember to post the letter for me.记住替我寄这封信。I remember posting the letter on my way home.我记得在回家的路上把信寄出了。(2)有些动词(like, love, hate, begin, start, continue, intend等)既可跟不定式又可跟动名词，不定式表示特定的未来事件，动名词表示抽象的概念，但在许多情况下可以互换。I intend studying/to study abroad.我打算出国留学。(3)动词want, need, require作“需要”解，而且当物作主语时，常跟动名词作宾语，用主动形式表示被动意义，如果跟不定式要用被动式。His pronunciation needs improving/to be improved.他的发音需要改进。集中演练221.单句语法填空I remember_seeing (see) the man somewhere before, but his name escapes me at this moment.No matter who is frequently praised, you should always remember_to_improve (improve) yourself.If you mean to_catch (catch) the first train, that means getting (get) up at 6：00 am.The boy pretended to_be_reading (read) when his mother came in.Youre going to England next year.You should now practice_speaking (speak) English as much as possible.As she is looking forward to hearing (hear)from me, please remember_to_post (post) this letter on your way to school.Would you like to_go (go) for a walk?Sorry, I feel like watching (watch) TV at home.Lying on the grass, she imagined walking (walk) on the beach.22.完成句子今天早上我很早就起床了，以避免错过航班。I got up very early this morning to avoid_missing the flight.他们到现在还没有决定什么时候走。They havent decided when_to_leave so far.这种植物一星期要浇两次水。This plant needs_watering/to_be_watered twice a week.我后悔在奶奶去世之前没能多花点时间陪陪她。I regret_not_spending more time with my grandma before she passed away.链接高考单句语法填空1(2017全国卷语法填空)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to_prove(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.解析：考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to prove。2. (2017江苏高考)Many Chinese brands, having_developed (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.解析：考查非谓语动词。本句的主语Many Chinese brands与develop之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，又根据句中的时间状语over centuries可知，此处应用现在分词的完成时。3(2016全国卷语法填空)My ambassadorial duties will include introducing_(introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.解析：考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动词ing形式作宾语，故填introducing。4(2015陕西高考)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on to_thank (thank) all the people who had helped in her career.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖后，Anne Benedict继续感谢在事业上帮过她的所有人。go on doing sth.“继续做同一件事”，go on to do sth.“继续做另一件事”。根据题干可知，Anne Benedict先是获得了奖项，然后又表达的感谢，故不是同一件事。5. (2014全国卷语法填空)I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused to_stop (stop) until we reached the next stop.解析：考查非谓语动词。refuse后接动词作宾语时，要用其不定式形式，故填to stop。6. (2014江西高考)Having_spent (spend) nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们几乎已经花完了所有的钱，没钱住旅馆了。we与spend之间为主动关系，spend这一动作发生在afford之前，故应该用现在分词的完成式。针对演练.单句语法填空1Will you please stop making (make) so much noise? Nobody could hear what the lecturer is speaking.2Having_lived (live) in New York for nearly ten years, Mr Wang decided to return to his hometown at last.3First, the Prime Minister asked something about the present economy and he went on to_talk (talk) about the foreign policy.4Having_worked (work) in the company for three years, Tony got rich experience and set up his own firm.5Do you remember being_taken (take) to Beijing when you were only five years old?6We have been driving for three hours, so my mother suggested stopping to_have (have) a rest in a fast restaurant.7Having_reached (reach) an agreement about the plan, we began to solve another problem.8As a result of my laziness, I failed to_finish (finish) my work in time.9Remember that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting (accept) the action of the person who upset you.10I asked him to help me carry the box, but he refused to_do (do) that.完成句子1由于没有尽最大的努力，他这次考试没及格。Not_having_tried his best, he failed in the exam.2穿好衣服后，我就去了办公室。Having_dressed myself, I went to the office.3他不应该允许在晚上游泳。He shouldnt_allow_going swimming at night.4最后她决定去买那件绿色的大衣。In the end,