中考英语复习课件动词分类二.ppt

手，脑，口，眼并用哦,动词分类（第二课时） 情态动词,一.情态动词的特征（T/F）,1.情态动词能单独作谓语。（ ） 2.情态动词无人称和数的变化.（ ） We must stay here today. He must stay here today. 例外：He has to walk home. 3.有些情态动词的过去时与其原形相同， 有些与原形不同.( ) She said she could sing this song when she was five. She said she must finish washing the dishes before the boss came back. 4.情态动词后接动词原形。（ ）She may lose her way. 5.情态动词具有助动词作用，可用来构成疑问句， 否定句及用于简明答语。( ) Can you sing an English song? Yes, I can. But he cant.,F,F,T,T,T,二.情态动词的用法,1can与could 1） can （1）表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”，也能表示根据客观条件能做某事的“能力”。 He can drive. _ you jump as far as he did? （2）表示允许,可以： You can go now. Can I use your bike? （3）表示推测（只用于疑问句及否定句中）： Who_ it be? It cant be true. 2） could （1）can的过去式，表示过去有能力及过去的可能性。 He couldnt climb up the mountain. The news _ be true. （2）表示客气地请求或委婉地陈述意见。 Could you go skating with me tomorrow? Im afraid I couldnt give you an answer tonight. （3）表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度 How could he say that?,Can,can,couldnt,2may与might 1） may （1）表示请求、许可、可以 May I use your dictionary? （2）表示推测，猜测，认为某一事情“或许”或“可能”发生。 It may rain this afternoon. I _ leave for Hangzhou next week. （3）may用于感叹句中可以表示祝愿或愿望。 May you do well! May you have a good time! 2) might （1）用作may的过去式。 We didnt know that he_ _ our new teacher. （2）主要用于推测（但其可能性比may更低）。 Im afraid it might snow tomorrow.,may,might be,3must （1）表示义务，命令或必须。 Soldiers must obey orders. We _ _ strict with ourselves. （2）表示肯定的推测：一定 He_ _ at home.（对现在的猜测） I think you must have made a mistake. （对过去的猜测:肯定已经）,must be,must be,4will与would 1） will （1）表示意愿、决心。此时可用于各种人称。 He wont come to see you.他不愿来见你。（表示意愿） I will try my best to catch up with her.我将尽最大努力赶上她。 （表示决心） （2）表示请求，此时仅限于“Will you (please)？”句型中。 Will you please buy me an English-Chinese dictionary when you go to the bookstore? 2） would （1）will的过去式，表示过去的意愿和决心。 They believed that we would help them. （2）用于现在时，表示委婉地提出请求，建议或看法。此时would的用法比will更加委婉。 Would you please show me the way to the museum? I _ like to say something about it.,would,5shall与should 1） shall 征求对方意见或请求，用于第一、三人称。表示“要不要？”、“好吗？” Shall I open the window? Shall the doctor come? 2） should （1）should意思是“应该”，表示劝告或建议（=ought to） You should wash your hands before dinner. You should have told us the truth.（应该告诉却没有）表示某件事本应该完成却未完成,6need (dare 用法同need) 1）need（情态动词）意思是“需要，必须”，主要用于否定句和关系问句中。 You neednt come so early. _ I take part in the Party? 对比：need作实义动词。如： She needs three apples. He _ need to buy so many books. 2）The tree needs watering. = The tree needs to be watered.,Need,doesnt,7.have to “不得不”有时态变化 My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor at midnight.,8. ought to “应该”。 语气比should要强，比must稍弱。 You ought to visit us often. Sorry, I ought to leave now.,三.含有情态动词的问句和答语,1.May I use your pen? -Yes, of course./Yes, you may. No, you cant /mustnt. 2. Must I turn it on? -Yes, you must. No, you neednt. /No,you_. 3.Need I finish my homework at once? -Yes, you must. No, you neednt.,dont have to,四.含情态动词的被动语态,情态动词+be +done: More and more trees must planted in China. Your homework should handed in on time.,be,be,五.易混点,1.can与be able to 二者都表示“能够”， 区别是：can只有现在时和过去式could，而be able to可用于各种时态。 如： I can speak English. Ill be able to speak French in half a year. He hasnt_ _ to finish it on time.,been able,2.must与have to must侧重个人意志和主观上的“必须。”I know I must study hard. have to侧重客观上的“不得不”可用现在时，过去时，将来时。 I havent got money with me, so I have to borrow some from my friend.,3.cant与mustnt cant be表否定猜测 : He cant be in the office. He is cooking at home. （ must be表肯定猜测：) He must be in the office, because the light is on. (may be可能性更小） mustnt表禁止，不允许 :You mustnt play with fire.,4.maybe 与may be