新编大学英语Unit1.ppt

浙江理工大学外国语学院,Book One,New College English,Unit One,Personal Relationship,In-class Reading The Gift of Life,Warm-up,Words and Phrases,Reading Comprehension,Writing,Sentence Study,Useful Expressions,Warm-up,“Life is yours to win: Learn the rules, play the game, and to win the prize.” Bob Eubanks,Personal Relationships Background information A story Picture description and discussion Friendship We need friends Video Clip Proverbs and Sayings,Background Information, All of us are involved in personal relationships. Some of these are related to family, some with fellow students or workers, and others of a variety of types. Most of these are happy, positive relationships, but not all of them. To have a positive relationship a person must invest time and interest in the other persons with whom he is associated. We all understand that our feelings and interest in other persons depend somewhat on what we have in common. Good relationships are usually valued because people who have good relationships are happier and more fun to be with.,Listen to a short story and complete the following sentences:,1. The story took place at the time of _ _. 2. The relationship between the woman and the little boy is _. 3. The woman led the little boy into the store because _. 4. The woman bought the boy_ _. 5. “Are you God” here means _.,strangers,one cold evening,during the holiday season,she knew he needed something in the store,kind-hearted,some new shoes and warm,clothes, One cold evening during the holiday season, a little boy about six or seven was standing out in front of a store window. The little child had no shoes and his clothes were old and torn. A young woman passing by saw the little boy and could read the longing in his pale blue eyes. She took the child by the hand and led him into the store. There she bought him some new shoes and warm clothes., They came back outside into the street and the woman said to the child, “ Now you can go home and have a very happy holiday.” The little boy looked up at her and asked, “Are you God, Maam?” She smiled down at him and replied, “No, son, Im just one of his children.” The little boy then said, “I knew you had to be a relative of God.”,Talking in Pairs,1.What is your viewpoint of the interpersonal relationships nowadays? 2. If you were the woman, what would you do? Try to explain it.,Appreciation and Group Discussion,Discussion Questions,Various kinds of relationships exist in daily life as in the pictures. Discuss in groups the different personal relationships we deal with in real life. 2. In our life, some people are open while some others are reserved. Which type do you prefer? Why?,Discussion Questions,3. What are the relationships of the people in the following pictures? Say anything you know about them.,Sample Answer A Great Friendship,Listen to a passage and answer questions:,Words you need to know:,acquaintance 熟人 intimate 亲密的harmonious 和谐的 tolerate 容忍,Questions : 1. According the passage, what is the word “friend”? 2. Why does everyone need friendship? 3. Why do modern people attach more importance to friendship?,It covers a wide range of meanings as a classmate, a nodding acquaintance, a coworker, etc.,We need help from, and also give help to, others.,As life is full of difficulties and conflict, we need friends to support and help us and give us warnings against danger.,We Need Friends The word, “friend”, covers a wide range of meanings. It can be a nodding acquaintance, a classmate, a partner, a playmate, or an intimate colleague. Everyone needs friendship. No one can sail the ocean of life single-handed. We need help from, and also give help to, others. In modern times, people attach more importance to relationships and connections. As life is full of difficulties and conflict, we need friends to support and help us. Our friends give us warnings against danger. Our friends offer us advice with regard to how to deal with various situations., True friends share not only our joys but also our sorrows. With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is sad and unfortunate. With friends, we know what to treasure, what to tolerate and what to share. I will never forget my old friends and keep making new friends. I will show my concern for them, even if it is only a comforting word.,Brainstorming : Tell the class any words you know to describe the qualities of a true friend.,friends,honest,considerate,helpful,reliable,generous,understanding,thoughtful,faithful,Watch the video and discuss the following questions,1. Do you like the movie? Why? 2. When you and your friend are both in danger, will you lay down your life for him?,Video Clip,Click the picture,Proverbs and Sayings,A life without a friend is a life without a sun.,人生没有朋友，犹如生活没有了太阳。,In prosperity our friends know us; in adversity we know our friends. John Churton Collins,在顺境中，朋友结识了我们；在逆境中我们了解了朋友。 约翰丘顿柯林斯,Youth gives love and roses, age still leaves us friends and wine. Thomas Moore,青春赋予我们爱情和玫瑰，岁月带给我们朋友和美酒。 托马斯摩尔,Reading comprehension,- Pre-reading Questions - Text Structure,Will you give your time, favorite books, money or blood to a friend?,I would be willing to give anything to my best friend. As to my casual friends, I would give my time and blood to them when they are really needed. But I would not give my money or favorite books to them. If they really need money or like my books I would lend some money or books to them. Anyway, I would readily give help to my friends when it is needed because “a friend in need is a friend indeed”.,2. Who released the bombs which landed in the small orphanage? And who offered medical help to the wounded?,It was not exactly stated that which side released the bombs. But based on the fact that the intruder to Vietnam was American troops, we could fairly say they were American Air Force. The medical help was a young American Navy doctor and a Navy nurse. So it was quite ironic that both the destroying part and the protecting part came from America.,No. After the moment of the insertion, he let out a long sob. And after a few moments another sob escaped, but he was always trying to cover up his crying. Finally his occasional sob turned to a steady, silent crying. Hengs sobbing and silent crying suggested that he was terrified and frightened by death, but at the same time he would rather lay down his life for his friend.,3. Did Heng cry loudly as soon as the needle was inserted into his arms?,context (para.12),when,where,who,what,Bombs landed in the orphanage and some children were wounded.,5) Under the help of Vietnamese nurse, the Americans knew the reason. Heng thought that he would die, but he still did it because she was his friend. (para.14 para.18),In time order, what happened next? (para.318),meaning of the story (para.19),There is no love greater than this, that a person lay down his/her life for a friend.,If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences.,你如果违犯法律，就必须准备承担后果。,That young man had to suffer the injuries caused by the chemical weapons left by Japanese troops in World War II.,那个年轻人不得不去承受日军在二战期间遗留的化学武器给他造成的伤害。,1) vt. 忍受，容忍，承受，耐住,1. suffer (Line 5): feel or have pain, loss, etc.,Boxing legend Mohammed Ali suffers from the disease of Parkinson for a long time.,拳王阿里身患帕金森（氏）病已经有很长一段时间了。,It is natural for many freshmen to suffer from homesickness now and then.,许多大学新生偶尔会想念自己的家乡是很自然的事情。,2) vi. 受痛苦，受苦难，患病,2. wound (Line 6); injure (Line 9); hurt (Line 36),wound,injure,一般是指由枪械或者刀剑等尖锐物体造成的身体上的伤害。,a)由于重物如棍棒或者炸弹爆炸所造成的伤害；b)在事故中受到的伤害。,hurt,除表示受伤外，主要用于表示身体疼痛及情感受伤害。,请用wound, hurt 或 injure 的适当形式填空,She was slightly _ when she fell off the ladder.,她从梯子上跌下来时，受了一点轻伤。,The bullet unfortunately _ James Bond in the shoulder.,枪弹不幸打伤了007的肩膀。,Hong Kong Phoenix TV news anchor Liu Hai-roh was seriously _ in a British train accident in 2002.,香港凤凰卫视新闻主播刘海若在2002年发生在英国的一次列车事故中身受重伤。,wounded,injured,hurt,3. supply (Line11),1) n. supplying, stock 补给,供给,常作supplies 供应品，补给品，(储备)物资,a good supply of fruit,水果的大量供应,household (medical) supplies,家庭(医药)用品,2) vt.make available to use 供给，供应，提供（所需物品）；（把）供应给（with）；为提供,The UN is urgently _ for the survivors in Bam, the quake-stricken ancient city in Iran.,联合国紧急向受地震侵袭的伊朗巴姆古城的幸存者提供粮食和帐篷。,supplying food and camps,request vt. 请求,语气较强;require 委婉、客气，通常不用于 口语,May I request you to leave?,We request the favor of a reply at your earliest convenience.,请你离开一下好吗？,请方便时尽早给予答复。,4. request (Line21): vt. ask or being asked 请求，要求，恳求,request and require,require vt. 类似 order, demand 用法，向对方提出的要求有 一定权威性，强制对方服从其要求，但语气弱 些，常用于被动语态。,The border police required the traveler to unlock his luggage.,边境警察要求游客打开自己的行李。,要想成为一名优秀的足球裁判同样需要下苦工夫。,To become an excellent soccer referee requires painstaking effort as well.,请用 request 或 require 的适当形式填空,The US Navy _ us to provide emergent assistance. You are _ to attend tomorrows news conference. The presence of all members of the band was _. The new regulation _ strict observance in every detail.,requested,required,requested,requires,5. insert (Line29),An surgeon inserted a special medical device into his mouth to pick up DNA sample.,医生把一个特殊的医学装置插入他的口中来提取DNA样本。,1) vt. put something in something else 插入，嵌入,Medical examiners found a knife-like insert inside the victims stomach.,法医在受害者的体内发现了一把刀状的插入物。,2) n. something inserted 插入物，镶补物,6. stiff (Line32): adj.,1) quite hard and not easy to bend 硬的，僵直的,I cant play the piano like I used to. My fingers have gone stiff from lack of practice.,我不能像过去那样弹钢琴了，我的手指因缺乏练习变得僵硬了。,2) formal, unfriendly 生硬的，呆板的，不友好的,Facing journalists questions, the Prime Minister always kept a stiff face.,面对记者的提问，那位总理总是板着面孔。,7. occasional (Line 40): adj.,happening sometimes 偶然的，偶尔的，非经常的,天气还算不错，只是偶尔有阵雨。,The weather was good except for an occasional shower.,occasional visits / rain / sneeze / trips,偶尔来访/有雨/打喷嚏/旅行,8. steady (Line40): adj.,1) developing or growing gradually 不断的，持续的,Yao Mings steady progress in skills results from his wonderful performance in the NBA matches.,姚明的不断进步的球技来自于他在NBA比赛中的出色表现。,2) firm, stable 稳的，平稳的,Jackie Chans amazing Chinese kung fu lays a steady foundation for his success in Hollywood.,成龙的令人惊叹的中国功夫为他在好莱坞的成功打下了牢固的基础。,9. relief (Line50): n.,1) the lessening or removing of pain, anxiety, etc. （痛苦等）缓解，减轻，解除,Fans support brought R. Baggio some relief from the missing of the penalty in the final of 1994s World Cup.,球迷们的支持使罗伯特巴乔多少缓解了1994年世界杯决赛射失点球的痛苦。,2) the feeling that you have when something unpleasant stops or becomes less strong（痛苦、忧郁等消除后感到的）轻松，宽心，宽慰,It was a great relief for all that the vaccine of SARS had been successfully developed.,对所有人来说SARS疫苗的研制成功都是一种巨大的宽慰。,relieve: v. ease, lessen 使减轻，使解除（痛苦、忧愁等）；使宽慰,She said that listening to light music could relieve her pressure in study.,她说听轻音乐可以减轻学习中的压力。,10. lay down (Line57): lose or stop having something willingly in order to help others 牺牲，献身,Countless space experts are laying down their wits and energy to accelerate the realization of the launch of Shenzhou VI spaceship.,无数航天科技人员都在为加速实现“神舟”六号的发射奉献着自己的智慧和精力。,Yitzhak Rabin, called man of Israel, even laid down his life for the eternal peace of the Middle East.,被称为以色列伟人的拉宾为中东地区的永久和平甚至献出了自己的生命。,10. lay down (Line57): lose or stop having something willingly in order to help others 牺牲，献身,1. 这个女孩腿上有伤。,The girl suffered wounds to her legs.,2. 几小时后，医疗救助人员赶到了。,A couple of hours later, medical help arrived.,3. 立即的行动,immediate action,4. 相配的 / 适合的血型,the matching / correct blood type,5. His life was / hung in the balance.,他命悬一线。,6. after several long moments of silence,几次长时间沉默后,7. Heng lay stiff and silent.,Heng直挺挺地躺着，也不说话。,8. A look of great relief spread over his face.,他的脸上露出了轻松的表情。,Every student is supposed to be in the classroom before 8 oclock.,所有学生8点以前应该到教室。,情人节你不应该送她康乃馨，你该送她玫瑰。,On Valentines Day, you are not supposed to send her carnations. You are supposed to send roses.,2. it was clear that without immediate action, she would die from loss of blood and shock. (Line 9),it is clear +主语从句 很显然，很清楚 ,显而易见。,此句型中clear 常可被其他形容词替换 如：it is obvious that, it is true that, it is evident that等,Nobody knows what these bombs were supposed to hit during the terrible Vietnam War, but they landed in a small orphanage run by a missionary group. (Line 1),be supposed to do 应该做，理应做,在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标，而它们却落在了一所由传教士办的小孤儿院内。,显然你没有得到她的青睐，否则，她不会拒绝你的邀请。,It is clear that you didnt win her affection, otherwise she wouldnt reject your invitation.,It is true that without English course, college life may become much easier. But it is obvious that you cant keep pace with the modern society if you dont study English.,没有英语课，大学生活确实会轻松很多。但是不学英语，你显然不能适应现代社会的需要。,2. It was clear that without immediate action, she would die from loss of blood and shock. (Line 9),如果不能立即采取行动，显然她将因失血过多和休克而死亡。,3. Using what little common language they could find, together with a lot of sign language, they tried to explain to the frightened children that unless they could give some blood to their little friend she would certainly die. (Line 16),1. Using + 宾语从句在句中作状语 2. together with 相当于as well as，与前面短语一起作状语 3. they tried to explain 是句子的主语和谓语部分 4. the frightened children 是句子的一个宾语（间接宾语） 5. unless they could give 既是句子的直接宾语又是后面 句子的条件从句,3. Using what little common language they could find, together with a lot of sign language, they tried to explain to these frightened children that unless they could give some blood to their little friend she would certainly die. (Line 16),医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势语，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。,4. Heng was quickly laid on a bed, his arm cleaned with alcohol, and the needle inserted into his arm. (Line 27),此句中 his arm cleaned with alcohol 和 the needle inserted into his arm是独立主格结构。,独立主格结构在句中作状语，有自己的逻辑主语, 表示一种伴随的动作或情况。,独立主格结构,主语 +,副词,介词短语,现在分词,过去分词,动词不定式,+其它,形容词短语,She lay on her back, _.,她脸朝天头枕着交叉的手躺着。,_, she has to take care of the family.,妈妈病了，她得承担起照顾全家的责任。,her hands crossed under the head,Mother being ill,_, we had to go to work.,钟已敲过，我们不得不去工作了。,The clock having struck,（伴随状语）,（原因状语）,（时间状语）,He has been working very hard, _.,他工作一直很努力，第一部小说即将发表。,his first novel to be published soon,There are four factories in this region, _.,这个地区有四个工厂，每个有200名工人。,each having 200 workers,（结果状语）,（同位语）,与句子相比，独立主格结构短小精干，常使句子言简意赅，也使文章的句式丰富多彩,Heng was quickly laid on a bed, his arm cleaned with alcohol.,Heng was quickly laid on a bed, and his arm was cleaned with alcohol.,试比较,4. Heng was quickly laid on a bed, his arm cleaned with alcohol, and the needle inserted into his arm. (Line 27),Heng 很快被抱到一张床上，手臂用酒精消了毒，并且针插进了他的胳膊。,5. The medical team now was very worried because the needle should not have been hurting their tiny patient. (Line 42),should + have + 过去分词 这一结构的肯定形式表示本应该做却没有做；其否定形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。,She shouldnt have left the hospital so soon, for she had not yet recovered.,她不该那么早就出院，因为她还没有康复。,You should have got Mark A in your final examination but your handwriting is too bad.,你本可以在期末考试中得A,但是你的字写得太糟。,5. The medical team now was very worried because the needle should not have been hurting their tiny patient. (Line 42),现在医疗小组非常担忧，因为针不该使他们的小病人一直感到疼痛。,作文审题时存在的问题:,1. 审题匆忙，不假思索，没有审清题目就动笔写 作，结果造成“下笔千言，离题万里”的现象。,2. 心绪不定、粗心大意导致“误读”题目、离题。,3. 题目宽泛时，围绕主题堆砌材料。大脑思维 呈现出辐射状，感觉抓不住文章的重点、理 不清内容的主次。,4. 文章写偏、写散，或者肤浅缺乏具体内容。,5. 漏读题目补充信息导致严重失分。,1. 判断作文标题与主题的关系，以较强的发挥能力 对主题加以提炼，在不影响题目原意的情况下， 适当将宽题具体化，确定某一写作角度后展开联 想思路，做到宽题窄做、明确中心。,2. 逐个推敲题目中的关键字词，注意善于领会、紧 扣题目的旨意。,3. 认真审阅作文的说明要求和所给的材料，仔细分 析提供的各类信息（包括中文的、英文的、画面 的或数字的信息），比如：关键词、段首句、提 纲、提示、图表说明等。,请审看下题。审定题目后，你如何按照各项要求写出作文来？,Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic. How to Keep on Good Terms with Roommates? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 大学伊始, 刚刚入学的新生之间存在差异 2. 维护之间的和睦关系是非常重要的 3. 如何处理舍友之间的关系,How to Keep on Good Terms with Roommates?,For most freshmen, university dorm life is a “fresh” experience. However, students from all corners of the country may soon find, apart from accents, they have to face a lot of other differences. For example, early birds(早起的人) and night owls(夜猫子) disturb each other. For another example, lazybones who do little cleaning may “pollute” the room with smelly socks. Whats more, while one is used to living in a quiet atmosphere (环境), his roommates happen to be chatterboxes, talking over the phone for hours. The list of “conflicts” (冲突) could go on and on.,It is very essential for roommates to keep on good terms. Harmonious surroundings will he