高中英语GreatscientistsPeriodFourGrammar—ThePastParticiple（1）astheAttributeandPredicative教案.docx

Period FourGrammarThe Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题1But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.2He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.3From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.4He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.5Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused.6He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.1以上句子中，句3和句6中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；句1和句4中为过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。2句2和句5中的过去分词在句中作表语。一、过去分词作定语1意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。(1)表示被动和完成apollutedriver一条被污染的河流thewateredflowers浇过水的花(2)只表示完成，不表示被动fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起的太阳2位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。注意：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。Thequestiondiscussedwasveryimportant.讨论过的那个问题很重要。Thehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin2016.矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。2过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(beingdone)与动词不定式的被动语态(tobedone)作定语的区别意义形式语态时态done被动完成beingdone被动进行tobedone被动尚未发生Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisourclassroombuilding.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourclassroombuilding.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthisourclassroombuilding.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。二、过去分词作表语1意义：用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。Shelookeddisappointed.她看上去很失望。Wewereencouragedatthenews.听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。2过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：3感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别。英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。常用的这类词有：Weweresurprisedatwhathesaidatthemeeting.我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。Hiswordswerediscouraging，whichmademanypeoplediscouraged.他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。单句语法填空1Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeelchallenged(challenge)(2018全国)2Jimhasretired，buthestillremembersthehappytimespent(spend) withhisstudents.(2017北京)3IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermitted(permit) tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.(2016全国)4Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution，Idlikeyoutolookatastudyconducted(conduct) inAustraliain2012.(2016浙江)5Inartcriticism，youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagehidden(hide) withinthework.(2016江苏)6Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientorannoyed(annoy) withpeopleoverunimportantthings？(2016上海).单句语法填空1WhenIenteredhisroom，hewasburied(bury) inhisbooks.2Someofthepeopleinvited(invite) tothepartycouldntcome.3Heistalkingwithamancalled(call) MrWang.4Hewasdiscouraged(discourage) whenheheardhismotherswords.5Thecarsbeingsold(sell) atthemarketnowaremadeinGuangzhou.6TsinghuaUniversity, founded(found) in1911，ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.7Thethreegunsstolen(steal) fromthepolicestationwerefoundinthehouse.8Themuseum, located(locate) nexttotheWuzhenscenicspot，coversanareaof5,000squaremeters.9In2011，afilm，SoulSurfer, based(base) onherexperiences，wasreleasedandmadeahitimmediately.10Thecartgotstuck(stick) inthemud，butthefarmermadenoefforttogetitout.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11Pricesofgoodsthroughacomputercanbelowerthansomestoreprices.12Atlast，thefathercametothesmallschool.13Tomwasverywhenheheardthenews.14Hetoldmethenewsinanvoicethatday.15Mostofuslikedthefilmbyayoungdirector.句型转换16Athiefstolethegoattiedtothetree.Athiefstolethegoatwhichwastiedtothetree.17Fatherbeatthesonwhowaslostintheonlinegames.Fatherbeatthesonlostintheonlinegames.18Thisproject，whichwasdesignedbytheChineseengineers，wasconstructedinonlytwoyears.Thisproject，designedbytheChineseengineers，wasconstructedinonlytwoyears.19Thecastle，whichwasburntdowninthesixteenthcentury，wasneverrebuilt.Thecastle，burntdowninthesixteenthcentury，wasneverrebuilt.20Themeetingheldyesterdayisveryimportant.Themeetingwhich/thatwasheldyesterdayisveryimportant.基础巩固.单句语法填空1MrsWhiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmapsborrowed(borrow) fromthelibrary.2Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremainseated(seat) astheplanewasmakingalanding.3Thefirsttextbookswritten(write) forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.4Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswifesaying(say) shehadafall，MrGordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.5Warisntthebestwaytosettle(settle) problemsbetweencountriesitonlyleadstomoreviolenceandconflicts.6Themilkdelivered(deliver) tousthatmorningseemedtohavegonebad，sowecomplainedtothecompanyaboutit.7NewcomerstoHawaiishouldbewarnednottostayinthesuntoolongtheymighteasilygetburnt/burned(burn)8Winterisgone(go) andspringiscoming(come)9Theseproblemstobediscussed(discuss) nextweekisofgreatinterest.10Listen！Thesongbeingsung(sing) isverypopularwiththestudents.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11Thegirlinredisfromabigcity.12Hearingthenews，weallfeltproudofourcountry.13Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathehadpassedtheexam.14Doyouknowthegirlaredshirt?15Thequestionbediscussedattomorrowsmeetingisveryimportant.完成句子16Hiswoundbecame/wasinfectedwithanewvirus.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒。17Whydoyoualwayslooksotired？Doyousleepwellthesedays?为什么你看上去总是很疲劳？这些日子你睡得好吗？18IwasdisappointedwiththefilmIsawlastnight.Ihadexpectedittobebetter.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我本以为它更好看些。19Everybodywasshockedtohearthedeathofthefamousfilmstar.听说那位著名的影星死了，每个人都很惊讶。20Weneededmanymorequalifiedworkers.我们需要更多的合格工人。能力提升.阅读理解Theideaofchangingtheworldseemsverycrazy，butthereareanumberofsmalleverydaythingswecandotomaketheworldbetter.Communitycenters，parks，libraries，homelessshelters，hospitalsandschoolsareallplaceswherestudentscanmakeadifferencethroughservice.AlisiaOrosco,10，wantedtoshowherloveandcaretothesickkidsatUniversityChildrensHospitalinTexas，whereherbrotherhadbeenapatient.Sheearnedmoneybydoingparttimejobsandusedittobuydifferenttoysforthechildreninhospital.Nowshevisitsthreehospitalseveryyearwithbagsoftoys.“IhopetohelpasmanykidsasIcan，”Alisiasays.“Itmakesmehappytomakethemsmile.”HighschoolstudentsinatownofWashingtonmadeadifferenceinthelivesofsomeneedychildrenbybuildingaplaygroundataworkerscamp.Theygotalotofhelpfromabuildingsupplystorewhichprovidedfreebuildingmaterialsfortheproject.TeensinNewJerseydecidedtooffertheirhelpatalocalsoupkitchenwherepeoplewithnohomescangetfreefood.Buttherewasntone.Theycreatedaonedaysoupkitchenandwereabletofeed60needypeopleandallowthemtotaketheresthome.Theireffortsgotmorepeopletounderstandthegreatneedofthepoorintheircommunity.Becauseoftheireffortsandsuccess，apermanentsoupkitchenwascreatedwiththe10,000NationalAwardtheyreceivedfromNewmansOwnInc.HighschoolstudentsinLasVegashelped30homelessadultsprepareresumesduringajobfairtheyheldattheareaslargesthomelessshelter.Atleastnineoftheadultslaterfoundjobs.21EveryyearAlisiavisitsthreehospitalswithbagsoftoysinorderto.AsellherdifferenttoysBlookforparttimejobsClookafterhersickbrotherDbringcheertothesickkids答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AlisiaOrosco,10，wantedtoshowherloveandcaretothesickkids”以及“IhopetohelpasmanykidsasIcan，Alisiasays.Itmakesmehappytomakethemsmile.”可知，AlisiaOrosco每年去医院给生病的孩子送玩具，是为了让他们得到快乐和关爱。22TheonedaysoupkitchencreatedbyteensinNewJersey.AreceivedhighpraiseBcost10,000tobuildCgothelpfrom60peopleDwasaimedatchildren答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，新泽西的孩子们创办的一日施粥所让更多的人了解到了穷人的需求，并获得了一万美元的奖励，由此可推断，孩子们创办的一日施粥所得到了高度赞扬。故选A。23Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethestudentsmentionedinthepassage?AKind.BBrave.CProud.DCrazy.答案A解析推理判断题。文章第一段引出本文主题小事情也可以产生大的影响，从而让世界更美好。下文所举事例中的青少年用他们的行动表达了对弱者的关心和帮助，是他们的善心让世界变得更加美好。故选A项。24Wherewasaplaygroundbuiltforneedychildren?AInTexas.BInatownofWashington.CInNewJersey.DInLasVegas.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，在华盛顿的一个小城镇，一些高中生为需要关爱的孩子建立了一个操场。故选B。.完形填空Aminister(牧师) mettheheadofashoefactory.Theministerwas25ifhefoundanypoorpeoplewhoneeded26，hecouldhelp.Inmakinghisroundsoneday，theminister27amantoattendhischurch.“Iwouldliketo28，”saidtheman，“butmyshoesaresonearlywornoutthatIwouldbe29togotoameetingwiththem，andIamtoopoortogetany30.”“Iwill31youapairofshoesifyouwillcome，”theministersaid.“32Iwouldntliketogowithoutmywife，”respondedtheman，“andhershoesarenobetterthanmine.”Theminister33togettheshoesforher，too.“Itwould34berighttoleaveourthreechildrenbarefoot，”saidtheman.Theministerpromisedthechildrenshould35haveshoes.Hethengottheirmeasurementsandwenttovisitthe36.Hefearedthathehadpromisedotherstoomanyshoes，and37theshoemanmightfeelthathewasabusinghis38，butwhenthesituationwaslaidbeforehim，themerchant39andsaid，“Allright，comewithme.”Togethertheytookthe40andwenttotheupperfloor，wherethey41inalargeroomfilledwithshoes.Theshoemansaid，“Alltheshoesare42forjustsuchcasesasyours，andwhenyouhaveanymoreofthe43kindjustcomehereandhelpyourself.”Ofcoursetheministerfeltvery44whenhethoughtofhowlittlehehadexpectedfromhisgenerousfriend.语篇解读牧师想帮助因贫困而没有鞋子穿的一家人，又担心鞋厂主管不愿意给那么多双鞋。鞋厂主管的慷慨让牧师为自己的想法感到羞愧。25A.orderedBtoldCwarnedDasked答案B解析由下文鞋厂主管说如果有需要，他可以帮忙可推知，此处指牧师被告知(tell)。26A.jacketsBcapsCtrousersDshoes答案D解析根据第四段最后一句中的“togettheshoesforher，too”可推知，此处指牧师碰到需要“鞋”的穷人。27A.invitedBforcedCpersuadedDreminded答案A解析联系下一段那个人的回答可推知，牧师邀请(invite)那个人去教堂参加活动。此处没有“逼迫”“劝说”“提醒”之意，故可排除B、C、D三项。28A.leaveBstayCgoDchange答案C解析联系下文but所表示的转折意义可推知，那个人想去(go)教堂参加活动。29A.ashamedBsurprisedCexcitedDfrightened答案A解析那个人认为自己的鞋子快破了，穿这样的鞋见人他会感到很惭愧的，故选ashamed。30A.strongerBlongerCfartherDbetter答案D解析那个人继续解释自己不能去教堂的原因：他太穷了，不能买更好的(better)鞋子。31A.makeBgetCborrowDlend答案B解析根据下一段最后一句中的“togettheshoesforher，too”可推知，如果对方去教堂的话，牧师会给他弄到一双鞋，故选get。32A.OrBForCButDSo答案C解析那个人又说了另一个不能去教堂的理由：妻子不去，他也不会去的，她的鞋子也不好。此处与上文是逻辑上的转折关系，故用but。33A.refusedBpromisedCmanagedDchose答案B解析联系第六段首句中的“Theministerpromised”可推知，那个人讲完，牧师许诺(promise)也送给他妻子一双鞋。34A.hardlyBalwaysCoftenDusually答案A解析根据下文中的“leaveourthreechildrenbarefoot”可推知，那个人认为，他们二人有了鞋，留着三个孩子赤着脚不对，故选hardly。35A.evenBeverCstillDalso答案D解析牧师已经答应给他们夫妇鞋子，此处指牧师又许诺说，孩子们也(also)应该有鞋子。36A.villageBschoolCfactoryDcompany答案C解析结合第一段鞋厂主管的话可推知，此处指牧师得到了那家人脚的尺码，就去拜访制鞋工厂(factory)了。37A.explainedBforgotCansweredDthought答案D解析空后的内容叙述了牧师心里的想法，故此处应选thought。38A.kindnessBcourageCbraveryDrudeness答案A解析上文提到牧师担心自己许诺给别人的鞋子太多了，他想鞋厂主管可能会认为牧师在滥用他的善心(kindness)。39A.stoppedBappearedCsmiledDremained答案C解析根据下文鞋厂主管的回答可推知，他了解了情况后应该是微笑(smile)了，表示同意。40A.planeBelevatorCbusDtaxi答案B解析结合空后的“wenttotheupperfloor”可推知，他们一起乘坐电梯(elevator)，到了楼上。41A.failedBhidCwaitedDlanded答案D解析根据下文可知，他们乘坐电梯到达(land)一个大房间，房间里满是鞋子。42A.putonBsetasideCturnedinDfoundout答案B解析鞋厂主管说，这些鞋子是留出来(setaside)应对像“牧师送鞋给穷人”这类情况的。43A.sameBspecialCdifferentDcommon答案A解析根据上下文中的“whenyouhaveanymore”和“comehereandhelpyourself”可以推知，此处指当再出现同一类有穷人需要鞋子的情况时，故选same。44A.proudBangryCsmallDnervous答案C解析对方这么慷慨，再联系倒数第三段中提到的牧师对鞋厂主管的担心可知，牧师此时肯定感到自己矮人一截，故选small。.语法填空Whenyousmile，notonlydoyoufeelhappy，45.youalsobringarayoflightintothelivesofothers.Someoneonce46.(say)，“Asmileisacurve(弧线) thatsetseverythingstraight.”Knowthatasmileisalittlethingthatcanproducegreatresults.47.ittakesisasmiletomakeshortworkofmany48.(difficult)，forjustbeinghappycanhelpothers.Ihaveoftenthoughtofasmile49.thetouchofGodgiventohispeople.Adaywithoutasmileisadaywasted.Somepeoplegrin(咧嘴笑) andbearit，while50.smileandchangetheworld.Dontyoulovethefeelingsofbeing51.(return) withasmile？Itcanmoveintothesoulandreleasegoodintotheworld.Itcanmakefriendswith52.(strange)Itcanbringfriendsclosertogether.Itcanbridgethegenerationgap.Itcanfilltheheartwithlove.Asmileisalightinthewindowofthesoul，53.(indicate) thattheheartisathome.Godputsasmileonourfacessothatwewouldseethattheworldneedsthatbreathto54.(light) thedarknessinourlife.45答案but解析考查并列连词。根据句中的“notonly”可知，此处考查notonly.butalso.结构。46答案said解析考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“once”可知，此处应用一般过去时态，故填said。47答案What解析考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语。48答案difficulties解析考查名词复数。d