（通用版）2020版高考英语大一轮复习4Unit4Globalwarming知能演练轻松闯关（含解析）新人教版选修6.docx

Unit 4 Global warming 阅读理解A(2018全国卷)We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and boxset TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and ereaders showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. “The livingroom television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house，” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. Were not just keeping these old deviceswe continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution(解决方案)? The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more ondemand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.【解题导语】该文指出生活中常见的过时电子设备其实作用小、耗能高，并提出了解决方案。1What does the author think of new devices?AThey are environmentfriendly.BThey are no better than the old.CThey cost more to use at home.DThey go out of style quickly.A解析：推理判断题。根据对第一段的整体理解可知，与新的电子设备相比，过时电子设备不仅耗能高，而且危害环境，所以可推断出，新的电子设备是环保的，故选A项。2Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?ATo reduce the cost of minerals.BTo test the life cycle of a product.CTo update consumers on new technology.DTo find out electricity consumption of the devices.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life”可知，Babbitt的团队做这项研究的目的是计算电子设备的耗电情况，故选D项。3Which of the following uses the least energy?AThe boxset TV.BThe tablet.CThe LCD TV. DThe desktop computer.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“They found that more ondemand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%”可知，用平板电脑替换电视机和台式电脑会节省44%的能耗，根据第二段中的“LCD TVs entered.showed up in 2007”可知，平板电脑应比液晶电视耗能低，故选B项。4What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?AStop using them. BTake them apart.CUpgrade them. DRecycle them.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句中的“the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function”可推断出，文章建议用多功能的新设备来替换过时设备，即停止使用过时设备，故选A项。take apart“拆卸”；upgrade“使升级”；recycle“回收利用”。B(2019江西名校联盟检测)For over a century, the Nashua River in Massachusetts provided power for mills(工厂), which gave jobs to thousands of people.Over the years, these paper, cotton, wood, and woolen mills had dumped their waste into its waters.By the 1960s, the Nashua River was about as polluted as any river could get.Its waters ran red or green or blue with dye(染料) from paper mills situated on its banks.The fumes(烟) from this dye blackened the paint on the buildings near the river.Then along came Marion Stoddart with a simple but overwhelming ideaclean up the Nashua.This was no onewoman campaign.Stoddart encouraged the paper mills and the business community to form partnerships to reclaim the river.She carried jars of dirty river water to local officials to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem.Stoddart talked with business leaders about economic problems.She talked with environmentalists about the longterm problems of pollution.Stoddart knew that the State Water Pollution Control Board would have the final say on forcing the cleanup.When she spoke to the board, she insisted that the Nashua should be made safe for swimming.They thought her goals were unrealistic.However, the partnerships Stoddart had helped form and the volunteers who were drawn to her cause never gave up.They all realized that cleaning up the river was in everyones best interests.By 1993, several water treatment plants had been built, and a conservation area called a “greenway” had been created along the banks of the river.Today mills are still operating along the river, but there are also fish in the river. The Nashua River welcomes boaters, naturalists, and even swimmers.None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a community working together.【解题导语】本文讲的是Marion Stoddart如何联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染的事。5What does the underlined word “reclaim” refer to?ARescue. BEnlarge.CMonitor. DExplore.A解析：词义猜测题。结合语境及上下文中出现的“clean up the Nashua”“the cleanup”“cleaning up the river”等信息可知，此处指的应是河流治理方面的内容，由此可推知画线词的意思应是“改造”，与A项意思相近，故选A。6Whats the boards attitude to Stoddarts goal of improving the river?ASupportive. BDoubtful.CNeutral. DCautious.B解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“When she spoke to the board.They thought her goals were unrealistic.”可知，该委员会认为Stoddart改善河流状况的目标不切实际，即持怀疑的态度，故选B。7What kind of person is Marion Stoddart?AIndependent and broadminded.BDetermined and farsighted.CIntelligent and creative.DStubborn and proud.B解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三、四段中对Stoddart为了改善河流状况东奔西走的描述及最后一段中的“a woman of vision”可知，Marion Stoddart是一个有决心和有远见卓识的人。故选B。8What message is conveyed through the no onewoman campaign?AItll be all right on the night.BPrevention is better than cure.CMany hands make light work.DFailure is the mother of success.C解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，改善纳舒厄河被污染的现状并不是Stoddart一个人的战斗，她还积极地联合个体、团队和政府部门共同治理河水污染，并最终收到成效。由此可知，C项“众人拾柴火焰高”符合题意。 七选五(2019广州检测)Philadelphia is a city known for many things. It is where the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776, and it was also the first capital of the United States. 1._ It is home to nearly 3，000 murals(壁画) painted on the sides of homes and buildings around the city. Thats more murals than any other city on Earth. 2._More than 20 years ago, a New Jersey artist named Jane Golden started a program pairing troubled youth with artists to paint murals on a few buildings around the city. 3._ The teenagers involved helped to create magnificent pieces of art, and there were other, even more important, benefits. The young people learned to cooperate and get along with many different kinds of people during the painting. They learned to be responsible, because they needed to follow a schedule to make sure the murals were completed. 4._ It is hard for anyone to see the spectacular designs and not feel proud to be a part of Philadelphia.Take a walk around some of the poorest neighbourhoods in Philadelphia and you will find beautiful works of art on the sides and fronts of buildings. Of course the murals are not just in poor neighbourhoods, but richer ones as well. Special buses take tourists to different parts of the city to see the various murals, which show the diverse ethnic groups that call Philadelphia home.5_ It is also a model for other cities throughout America seeking to help troubled youth.AHow did this come to be?BWhat happened to the murals on earth?CThey also learned to take pride in their community.DBut one fact about Philadelphia is not so wellknown.EFrom this small project, something magical happened.FThe program encouraged troubled youth to paint together with their teachers.GAs a result of its success, the mural program has now become the nations largest public art program.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了费城壁画的发展历史及其重大意义。1D解析：由本段第一句可知，费城因为许多东西而闻名。D项“但是有一个事实不是很为人所知”是对前文的转折，同时引出本文所要介绍的内容，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。2A解析：上一句介绍了费城拥有比世界其他城市都多的壁画；下文介绍了费城壁画发展的历史。A项“这是怎么出现的？”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。3E解析：根据下一句中的“there were other, even more important, benefits”可知，这些问题少年参与到壁画的创作中，并且在这个过程中带来了更重要的益处。E项“从这个小小的项目中，一些神奇的事情发生了”引出了对壁画益处的介绍，符合语境。故选E项。4C解析：根据下一句“It is hard for anyone.not feel proud to be a part of Philadelphia.”可知，人们开始将这些壁画当作是费城引以为傲的一部分。C项意为“他们同样学会了为自己的社区感到骄傲”，句中的“also”承接上文，take pride in与下文中的“feel proud”相呼应，承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。5G解析：根据下一句“It is also a model for other cities.”可知，最后总结了壁画对费城产生的影响。G项意为“由于它的成功，这个壁画项目已经成为整个国家最大的公共艺术项