备战高考英语一轮复习第十九套英语8Units3_5单元训练（B卷含解析）.docx

此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号 考场号 座位号单元训练金卷高三英语卷（B）英语8 Units 3-5注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAn online post listing office peoples four most-hated modern inventions is gaining popularity. Read on to discover what modern professionals dislike.Number one: The punch machine(打卡机).32-year-old Mr.Zhang works for an IT company. He lists the punch machine as his number one workday enemy after a number of unavoidable incidents made him late to punch in for work. Zhang says most of his colleagues are hard-working people, but they feel like the boss doesnt trust them when he uses a machine to evaluate their performance. Zhang plans to find another job at a company that does not use a punch machine.Number two: Instant noodles.More and more people today realize that instant noodles do not make a healthy meal, but lack of time forces many white-collar workers to eat them instead of a regular dinner. 27-year-old Mr. Zhu is a salesperson who is so busy at work that he doesnt even have time to wash his socks. He regularly eats fast food takeaways(外卖) or instant noodles for dinner.Number three: Mattresses(床垫).Some elder employees tell newcomers that having a mattress at work is just like having a home at the company. To encourage their employees to work overtime, a number of companies have issued their employees with mattresses so that they can take a rest under their desks at any time of a day. People have started refusing the mattress and taking better care of their health after the media reported on a number of people who died due to overwork last year.And last, but not least, the mobile phone.A surgeon from a Beijing hospital says more and more white-collar workers are turning up with a strange disease which they call “mobile phone elbow”. The patients elbows are painful, and sometimes they cant even raise their hands. The doctor says the disease occurs when patients spend more than 4 hours on their mobiles.21. Why do some employees want to find a job in a company without punch machines?A. They often meet with unavoidable incidents on their way to work.B. They feel less trusted when evaluated with the punch machine.C. It is unnecessary for them to punch in for work every day.D. They can work less hard in companies without punch machines.22. White-collar workers have to eat instant noodles because they.A. cant make a healthy mealB. cant afford a regular dinnerC. dont have time to wash their socksD. are always so busy at work23. In the eyes of the boss, the mattresses can.A. make employees work more timeB. make the newcomers love the companyC. make employees have a good rest at any timeD. take care of the employees health24. What is the best title for this passage?A. Most-hated Modern InventionsB. Modern Inventions Are Gaining Popularity OnlineC. Modern Inventions Bring Us InconvenienceD. Modern Inventions and OverworkBResearchers at Stanford University have developed a new material that can move heat out of buildings and into space. The researchers say the material can cool buildings even on hot days. The cooling material is a very thin sheet with many layers that could be placed on a roof like solar panels(板). However, instead of turning sunlight into energy as solar panels do, the material turns heat into infrared(红外线的) radiation.Shanhui Fan is an electrical engineering professor at Stanford University. He says that the panels have a layer of material that is like sand. The panels act like a mirror. They take heat out of buildings and reflect the light from the sun. And he says both the heat and sunlight are sent 100 kilometers into outer space. “Its a structure that cools itself without electricity input, even under the sun. So, what it does is basically radiate heat to outer space and also reflect the sunlight so it doesnt get heated up by the sun. Mr. Fan says it is like having a window into space. The heat is sent directly into space without increasing the air temperatureHe says buildings in developing countries that do not have electricity or air conditioning could use the panels. “In areas where electricity is out of reach for many people, there is a potential benefit for storing medicine or even food. In many of these situations, being able to reduce the temperature is important. And this would provide a way to do it.”The researchers say the main problem is creating actual cooling systems using the high-tech panels. They say it may be possible to develop a cooling spray(喷涂）that could be used on present solid structures. They believe the cooling spray technology could be developed in the next three to five years. They say as much as 15 percent of the energy used in the United States is spent providing power to air conditioning systems.25. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?A. Living on hot days is no longer a big problem now.B. Researchers are developing new solar panels on roofs.C. A new material is created to cool the buildings.D. The new material is a very thin sheet with many layers.26. According to paragraph2, how does the panel work?A. It takes in the heat and cools it down.B. It uses a mirror to reflect the sunlight.C. It has a window to let out the heat.D. It sends heat away right into space.27. Which of the following can best describe the advantage of the new panel?A. Convenient but impractical.B. Eco-friendly and energy-saving.C. Effective but expensive.D. Creative and cheap.28. What can you infer from the passage?A. The device of the new panel is still under research.B. Some people got benefits from producing the panels.C. It is impossible to solve the problem of creating actual cooling system.D. The new panels may save 15 percent of the energy.CAccording to many recent surveys, there are fewer and fewer students reading newspapers from middle school to college, which worries both parents and teachers a lot. In my opinion, several reasons result in this phenomenon.The most significant reason is that the rise of many other information Media, for example, internet, mobile phone, TV and so on. In the past we only could read newspapers to know what happened around us, while now we only need to turn on the TV, or open our computers, which is more convenient. In addition, computer and other media provide us with more newly news and more specific details, which we can get easily and without payment. There is also an advantage that the new media have while newspapers donta large mount of pictures, which make the information or news more lively. Therefore, more and more students tend to surf the internet or watch TV instead of reading newspapers.Another reason that few students read newspapers is that they have little time to do such things. We all know that nowadays students, especially middle school and high school students are buried in the books almost every day to get good grades. Even in weekends, they are sent to heterogeneous cram school by their parents to become superior in school. Thus there is little free time for them to do other things, not to mention reading newspapers.The student indifference to the current affairs also enables few newspaper readers. The 90s, most of todays students, always pay more attention to fashion and only care for themselves. Lacking a sense of collectivism and nationalism, the majority of the 90s have little interest in current affairs, which are the basic content of most newspapers, so that there are fewer and fewer students reading newspapers.Different outside and inside reasons have contributed to the few newspaper readers among students. Therefore, teachers should encourage their students to form the habit of reading newspapers regularly and free the students from their heavy study burden so that they can afford to broaden their horizon through newspapers, which is beneficial for their future development.29. According to Paragraph 2, few students read newspapers because .A. reading newspapers isnt good for them to get good gradesB. they are more interested in fashion than current affairsC. its cheaper and easier to get information from the Internet or TVD. they can only know what is happening via the Internet or on TV30. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. its better for students to gain information via the Internet than other mediaB. high school students are too busy with their study nowC. more and more students are addicted to the Internet nowD. more students will fall in love with newspapers31. What does the author mostly want to tell us in the passage?A. There are many advantages of reading newspapers.B. There are reasons why few students read newspapers.C. The advantages of surfing the Internet are obvious.D. Its very important to read newspapers.DThe traditional news media in America has been having a rough time in the last few years. According to a recent survey, more Americans have a negative(43%) than a positive(33%) view of the news media, and are finding it harder to be well informed because it is getting harder to determine which news is accurate.The problem is preference. While ideally the media should be objective and hold power to account, in reality we know that most news outlets belong to a certain party and have their own agenda to advance. Whether state-owned or run by some shady tax-avoiding billionaire, getting “the masses” to view the world from a certain perspective has always been a priceless power to wield.So why is trust in the media so low? Well, according to the same survey, 8 out of 10 Americans believe that the news media are critical to their democracy. The gap between these noble expectations of an honest, objective media and the performance that they actually deliver is large. Times when the mask slips and examples of media manipulation(操纵)are exposed are hugely damaging to trust, and people naturally turn to social media for others, even-easier-to-manipulate sources. Thus we are in the current state in which we find ourselves:confused and mistrustful.People have been posting examples of how media can use different techniques of deception, to trick you into seeing exactly what they wanted you to see. As you will discover, perspective really is everything! It will goes to show that a healthy dose of skepticism goes a long way, and getting your news from a wide range of different sources is your best bet to a more rounded view of the world we live in. Social media is good in that respect, but bad in terms of regulation, trolling and people shouting horrible things at each other. The good old traditional news media really is needed as a forum for reasonable debate and expert opinion, but they gotta stop with the manipulation already!32. What does paragraph 2 want to convey?A. People have prejudice for media.B. The media can take control of the party.C. The media have acted as a tool to mask the truth.D. The media have a priceless power.33. Whats your understanding of the sentence “As you will discover, perspective really is everything!”?A. People should not have faith in what the media says because some news are not true.B. People should not be too curious about things aroundC. People should refer to social media rather than traditional media if wanting to know the truth of news.D. The spirit of suspect and diverse sources are good ways to help people recognize the truth of the world.34. What s the structure of the passage?A. B. C. D. 35. What the best title for the passage?A. Wheres trust in the mediaB. Why peoples trust in the media fallsC. How people treat trust in the mediaD. What s trust in the media第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Respectfully DisagreeIts easier to agree than disagree. 36 Unfortunately, many of us either shy away completely from disagreements or lose it when things dont go our way. These tips can help keep disagreements constructive.Use “I” to communicate how you feel, what you think and what you want or need. 37 For example, telling your parents “You always remind me about my housework when you know I have much homework” has a very different tone from “Im feeling pressured because I have a lot of homework tonight. Can I do those chores tomorrow?”Listen to the others opinion. 38 That makes it more likely that he or she will do the same for you. When the other person is talking, try to stop yourself from thinking about why you disagree or what youll say next. 39 This is the important thing you can do to keep a conversation on track. Of course, its a huge challenge to stay calm when you feel angry about something, especially if their person youre talking to gets heated. 40 If youve ever been on the receiving end of someones put-downs(贬损的话), you know how valuable using respectful language and behavior can be. So instead of saying what you might be thinking (Thats a stupid idea!), try saying “I dont agree, and here is why.”Respect goes beyond difficult conversations, of course. Being helpful and considerate towards family members, teachers or coaches in our everyday actions helps us establish a foundation for those times when we might disagree.A. Stay calm.B. Look into the others eyes.C. Using you statements can sound aggressive.D. Avoid putting down the other persons ideas and beliefs.E. Then you can calmly present your case and why you disagree.F. Being a good listener shows that you respect the other person.G. But we can learn a lot from conversations where we dont agree.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I was six years old. It was Halloween. The school was having its annual Halloween parade(游行) to41it. All the kids would march a few 42 through the neighborhood.“Just buy him a costume,” my father said. “ It doesnt cost much.”But no, my mother decided, 43 it was my first parade, she would 44 me a costume: the mummy(木乃伊), my favorite scary character.She 45 white rags(布片) and old towels and wound them 46 me, holding them in place with safety pins. Then she arranged the rags with toilet paper and tape. It took a long time, but I was still 47 enough to see the result. When she finished, I could 48 wait to look in the49 . I was a mummy! I moved back and forth in front of it50 .“Oh, youre very scary.” my mother said.She drove me to school. We started our parade. The more I walked, the 51 the rags got. Then, about two blocks out, it began to52 . The next thing I knew was that the toilet paper was beginning to dissolve(溶解).53 , the rags became even looser and fell to my ankles, wrists, and neck and you could see my undershirt and under pants, which made me extremely54 .“Look at Charley!” the other kids screamed. They were55. I was burning red. I wanted to escape, but where did you go in the middle of a parade?When we 56 reached the schoolyard, I was all wet, with a mess of rags and toilet paper pieces. The parents were waiting there with57 , starting to take photos of us. I saw my mother first. As she spotted me, she 58 her hand to her mouth. I burst into59 .“You 60 my life!” I cried.41. A. congratulateB. celebrateC. honourD. spend42. A. blocksB. housesC. schoolsD. roads43. A. unlessB. althoughC. as ifD. since44. A. rentB. buyC. makeD. borrow45. A. cut upB. put upC. set upD. turned up46. A. aboveB. onC. aroundD. beneath47. A. upsetB. patientC. stubbornD. grateful48. A. seldomB. hardlyC. onlyD. nearly49. A. ragsB. shirtC. eyesD. mirror50. A. hurriedlyB. sadlyC. excitedlyD. seriously51. A. tighterB. heavierC. looserD. bigger52. A. rainB. blowC. snowD. thunder53. A. As a rewardB. As a resultC. At an endD. as usual54. A. shockedB. frightenedC. disappointedD. embarrassed55. A. laughingB. jumpingC. cheeringD. crying56. A. sadlyB. graduallyC. proudlyD. finally57. A. picturesB. camerasC. towelsD. dogs58. A. raisedB. droppedC. tiedD. fastened59. A. flamesB. laughterC. tearsD. song60. A. lightedB. startedC. rebuiltD. ruined第卷第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Thomas Alva Edison was a man of wonderful ability 61 had the good luck to be born at a good time. After the American Civil War, the United States was growing. Conditions were right for the talents of a man 62 Edison.Thomas was an unusually curious child. Even at 63 early age he loved to read and make experiments. Because he was so dreamy and quiet, once he 64 (accuse) of being stupid by a teacher, Edisons mother was not so 65(please) that she took her son out of school and never sent him back. She took charge of his education 66 (her) and taught him history, science and philosophy. Edison was a very quick reader and he remembered everything. Once he got the idea of starting at the first shelf of a large library and reading everything in it. 67 after reading through 15 feet of books, he gave up this 68 (ambition) idea.Edison patented over 1,000 separate inventions during his life. He never stopped 69 (try) to learn more about science and what it could do for man. His 70 (discover) probably increased the wealth of the world more than those of any other single man in history.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错