2020版高考英语一轮复习Module5ALessoninaLab练习（含解析）外研版.docx

Module 5A Lesson in a Lab.话题延读(2018泉州高三质量检查)When students read articles about scientific discovery,they learn what worked.Scientists present the methods that got the best result.They often show only the results that are significant and important.What they wont show are the mistakes or failures that came first.Yet sometimes those mistakes pointed the way to success.It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success.Robbin,16,and Annabelle,15,learned that while working this summer in a biochemistry lab at Stony Brook University in New York.Whats more,they learned that failure is not necessarily something to fear.“I like the idea of scientific research,”says Robbin.Its the basis for “every lesson you learn in school and understanding everything you see in life”.This summer,Robbin has been working with Lauren,a chemistry student,who is making new drugs to fight harmful bacteria.At first,the tests made Robbin anxious.She worried that she might be making costly mistakes.But Lauren reassured her that finding out what doesnt work is “just part of the learning process”.With time,the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldnt succeed.Annabelle also learned a lot about failure and success.She worked with graduate student Agnieszka Gil.“Sometimes I try something and it takes a while for the experiment to run.”This means that finding out whether Annabelle did something wrong can be a stressful waiting game,because “if you did something wrong you need to do it again”.But shes now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success.In science,figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success.1.What impresses students most in articles about scientific discovery?A.Scientists achievements.B.The reasons for success.C.The cause of mistakes. D.Stressful process of research.2.What can we learn from the passage?A.Robbin is a graduate student.B.Lauren managed to make new drugs.C.Annabelle learns the value of patience.D.Agnieszka expected instant success.3.What did Robbin and Annabelle have in common in their experiments?A.They did their experiments independently.B.They realized not all experiments would succeed.C.They assisted graduate students to make new drugs.D.They made severe mistakes in the experiments.4.What does the writer intend to tell us?A.The cause of making errors in science.B.The significance of scientific discovery.C.The importance of doing experiments.D.The correct attitudes towards failures.语篇解读:在阅读科学发现的文章时,人们往往对科学成就过度关心,其实科学成就往往是建立在无数次失败的基础之上的。Robbin和Annabelle在实验室里体会到了坦然接受实验失败的价值。答案及剖析:1.A细节理解题。根据第一段的前三句可知,学生在阅读科学发现的文章时,对科学成就的印象最为深刻,故A项正确。2.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“But shes now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success.”可知,Annabelle学会了耐心,不期望立即成功。据此可以判断,Annabelle知道了耐心的价值,故C项正确。3.B细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“With time,the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldnt succeed.”可知,Robbin坦然接受了并不是每次实验都会成功的事实;根据第四段的最后一句“But shes now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success.”可知,Annabelle学会了耐心,不期望立即成功。据此可知,Robbin和Annabelle的共同点是她们都意识到了不是每次实验都会成功,故B项正确。4.D写作意图题。通读全文可知,本文的主题句是文章最后一段“In science,figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success.”由此可知,探索科学世界,失败是成功之母。据此可以判断,本文旨在告诉人们对待失败的正确态度,故D项正确。.七选五(2018山东潍坊上学期期末考试)Shorts may feel nice and casual on your legs on a warm summers day, but theyre not so gentle on your wallet.1. Usually the fact that one obviously uses less cloth than the other makes it hard to be accepted.So what gives?It turns out that clothing sellers arent trying to cheat you by charging you too much money.Theyre just pricing shorts according to what it costs to produce them.2. Extra material does go into a full pair of pants but not as much as you may think.As experts explain, shorts that dont fall past your knees may contain just a fifth less cloth than ankle-length trousers.3.Those same details that end up accounting for most of the materialpockets, belt loops, waist bandsalso require the most human labor to make.4. The physical cotton in blue jeans accounts for just a small part of its price tag.Most of that money goes to pay the people stitching (缝合) it together, and they put in roughly the same amount of time whether theyre working on a pair of pants or some shorts.5. For another example, short-sleeved shirts cost roughly the same as long-sleeved shirts.There are also numerous invisible factors that make some shorts more expensive than nearly identical pairs, like where they were made,the marketing costs, and the brand on the label.If you dont want to spend $40 on something that covers just a small piece of leg, stay at home with your wallet!A.More or less, shorts almost cost what pants do.B.This is where the true cost of a garment is determined.C.This price trend becomes popular across the fashion field.D.This is because most of the cloth is sewn into the top half.E.In general, a pair of shorts isnt any cheaper than a pair of pants.F.To tell you the truth, it is a real bargain to pay for a pair of shorts.G.Customers are willing to purchase a pair of shorts if it is at a reasonable price.语篇解读:文章主要讲述了短裤不比长裤便宜的原因。答案:1-5EADBC.完形填空(2018河北衡水中学上学期考试)As a child, I was always told to “eat my greens”.These were the unappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate.Peas,broccoli and green beans, all looked and tasted 1.Lets face it, when there were so many other delicious treats to 2, why eat boring vegetables?Since then my taste buds have 3 and Im also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables.But we still need 4 of the amazing goodness these green super foods give us.In the UK, a campaign has been 5 for several years to encourage us to eat our “5 A Day”five portions of fruit and vegetables.Thats 6 evidence has shown there are significant health 7 to getting at least five 80g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day.But I struggle trying to fit these five portions into my daily 8, partly because I have a sweet 9 and vegetables are, well, tasteless.Researchers have been 10 how to make eating vegetables more 11.They analysed the psychology behind our food 12 and found that most of us are 13 by taste.Brad Turnwald from Stanford University says that “studies show that people 14 to think of healthier options as less tasty for some reason.”In Europe, a project called VeggieEAT has also been trying to find ways to get people to 15 more vegetables.Project leader, Professor Heather Hartwell believes in 16 encouraging people into eating the right things.One idea has been to put a 17 of a tasty looking fruit on a supermarket trolley as a 18 about buying something from the fruit store after looking at the picture.She says, “Choice is a really 19 thing.But making vegetables look attractive will increase their sales.”Certainly, eating “twisted citrus-glazed carrots” does sound tempting, even if it just 20 like a carrot, but if it makes us eat more vegetables then that can only be a good thing for our health.1.A.disgusting B.delicious C.ripen D.sweet2.A.buy B.prepare C.offer D.enjoy3.A.appearedB.developed C.existedD.shrank4.A.remindingB.informing C.warningD.talking5.A.planningB.aimingC.running D.intending6.A.why B.how C.when D.because7.A.needs B.benefits C.issues D.risks8.A.diet B.education C.work D.exercise9.A.tendencyB.preferenceC.tooth D.appetite10.A.showingB.discoveringC.reporting D.studying11.A.appropriateB.attractiveC.beneficialD.independent12.A.choicesB.valuesC.wastesD.judgments13.A.confusedB.disturbed C.motivated D.challenged14.A.manage B.decideC.agree D.tend15.A.growB.eat C.store D.harvest16.A.slowly B.suddenly C.firmlyD.seriously17.A.varietyB.lot C.picture D.number18.A.signB.concernC.clue D.hint19.A.easyB.complexC.quick D.casual20.A.looksB.smellsC.tastesD.feels语篇解读:蔬菜对健康有益这是一个众人皆知的道理。然而,我们有时候会因为偏爱其他食物的口味而对吃青菜感到很不情愿。本文探讨一项旨在提倡人们多吃青菜的研究,并介绍一些商家用来吸引顾客购买蔬菜的销售技巧。答案及剖析:1.A考查形容词作表语。根据上一句“These were the unappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate”,说那些讨厌的蔬菜总是散落在我的盘子边上。可知是说这些蔬菜不好吃,令人厌恶。disgusting令人厌恶的;delicious 美味的; ripen 成熟的; sweet甜的。分析选项可知A符合题意。句意:长相恶心的豌豆、西兰花和青豆吃起来也很恶心(disgusting)。2.D考查动词辨析。buy买; prepare准备;offer提供; enjoy享受。根据“when there were so many other delicious treats”可知应该是享受(enjoy)美味。故选D项。句意:有那么多别的好吃的食物,为什么还吃那些难吃的蔬菜呢?3.B考查动词辨析。appear出现,显现;develop 开发,发展,(使)成长,进步;exist存在; shrink收缩,缩水。句意:从那以后,我的味蕾就发展(即改变)了,我还充分意识到了吃新鲜蔬菜对健康的益处。分析选项可知B项符合题意,故选B项。4.Aremind提醒; inform通知;warn警告;talk谈论。根据上一句“benefits of eating fresh vegetables”可知是时刻提醒记得(remind)这些绿色“超级食品”给我们的身体带来的惊人益处。因此选A项。5.C考查动词辨析。在英国,为鼓励人们“每天吃5份果蔬”而发起的宣传活动已经进行(run)了好多年的时间。分析句意可知,是这种宣传活动进行了好多年。只有run才有“运转或进行”之意。其余三项plan计划,打算; aim瞄准;intend打算,都不符合题意,故选C项。6.D考查连词辨析。根据上文可知宣传活动持续了好多年是结果,原因就是因为(because)有证据表明,人们每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处。因此选D项。7.B考查名词辨析。根据上面第6小题的内容可知是说“人们每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处(benefits)。” need需要; benefit 益处,利益;issue问题;risk危险。分析选项可知B项符合题意。故选B项。8.A考查名词辨析。diet日常饮食,education教育; work 工作;exercise锻炼,练习。根据上文的每天至少5种水果和蔬菜,可知是日常生活中,即“我仍在努力把这5份果蔬纳入到我的日常饮食(diet)中。”故选A。9.C考查固定搭配。tendency倾向,趋势;preference偏爱,优先权;tooth 牙齿; appetite欲望,胃口。句意:部分原因是我爱吃甜食,而且觉得蔬菜很无味。have a sweet tooth,为固定搭配,意为“喜欢吃甜食”,故选C项。10.D考查动词辨析。show表明,显示; discover发现;report报道;study研究。句意:研究人员一直在研究(study)如何让蔬菜更具吸引力。分析选项可知D项符合题意,故选D项。11.B考查形容词辨析。appropriate合适的,恰当的;attractive 有吸引力的; beneficial有益的;independent独立的。根据上句“vegetables are, well, tasteless”因为