重庆专升本英语--定语从句.ppt

句子概念,简单句,只有一套主谓宾 Eg： I have classes on weekend. 主语,谓语,宾语,状语,并列句,由and、but 或者or连接两个简单句构成的句子 I have classes on weekend. I have classes on weekday. I have classes on weekend and I have classes on weekday. I have classes on weekend but I dont have classes on weekday. I have classes on weekend or I have classes on weekday.,复合句,除了简单句和并列句都是复合句 Eg: I have classes on weekend when others are resting. I am told that I have classes on weekend. I who is a handsome boy have classes on weekend.,Have a try!,判断句子类型： Youth is not a time of life. Youth is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees. Youth often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. You have always been here when I needed you. I thought about just maybe seeing you once in a while, but I dont think that would work. I feel this would be a good time to break up. In the same way, a person who has a common or casually given name can also achieve tremendous success.,状语从句 状语由句子担当,宾语从句 宾语由句子担当,I understand. You are in a dilemma(进退两难的境地). I understand that you are in a dilemma. 注意点： 连接词（that/if/whether） 语序(陈述句语序) 时态（前主句后从句，前现在后随便 ，前过去后过去）,定语从句句子充当定语,He is a handsome boy. He has classes on weekend. He who has classes on weekend is a handsome boy.,先行词,连接词,从句,Leading e.g,将下面的两个句子合成一个句子： We learned 8 words last week. The 8 words are so easy. Answer： We learned 8 words which are so easy last week. The 8 words we learned last week are so easy.,定语从句,构成,先行词两个句子中重合的名词或代词 连接词 连接代词that/who(m)/which/whose/what(ever) 连接副词where/when/why/how(ever) 从句插入的句子，在汉语中翻译成“的”,定语从句概念,Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .,Chongqing is the place where I was born.,先行词,先行词,连接代词,连接副词,判断下列句子成分,连接代词与连接副词的联系与区别,联系：介词+which/whom=连接副词 区别：连接代词引导的定语从句不完整（连接词在从句中充当 成分） 连接副词引导的定语从句是完整的句子 （连接副词在从 句中不充当成分） I like the girl who is the most beautiful in our class. I like the girl in my childhood when I had no idea about love.,考点聚焦,连接词选择 that与which差异 who，whom与whose差异 关系副词where、when与why差异 2.先行词选择 3、介词涉入问题 4、对as引导定语从句的考查,连接词选择做题步骤,找先行词和从句 将句子拆成两个简单句 判断先行词在从句中的成分 主语，宾语选连接代词，状语选连接副词 先行词做主语宾语时候：人用who.宾语考虑加m、物用which、That人物都可用、翻成“谁的”用whose 先行词做状语时候：表示时间when，表示地点where表示方式how表示原因why 选完后复查一次,例： Mr. Black is going to Beijing in October _is the best season there. White is the student _was late for school today. He lives in the room _ window faces to the south. I will never forget the days _I spent with your family. This is the school _I used to study. This is the way _ he did it. And there is one point _Id like your advice .,That vs which,通常只能用that的情况 当先行词是不定代词all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时 先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时 先行词被all，any，every，each，few，little，no，some，the only，the very，the last，the next等修饰时 如果先行词既指人又指物 there be 句型,试题：6,9,10,14,15,16,40,通常只用which的情况,引导非限定性定语从句，用关系代词which指代前面整个句子的内容。 引导非限定性定语从句，而且先行词指物时只能用which，不用that。 如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用that引导，那么其中一个应改用which引导。,试题：34,35,45,who，whom与whose 的PK,在定语从句中指人作主语用who，作人做宾语用whom，who。 whose “谁的”， 在定语从句中是做定语，可以代人或代物（常考）,试题：1,24,where、when与why的PK,相当于“介词+which”，其中 where=inat +which； when=atinduring +which； why=for +which。 关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。 关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。 关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。,试题：13,19,22,“介词”提前问题,当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。 先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom”，且两个关系代词均不能省略。 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。,试题：2,3,4,小试牛刀,Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week? Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition? This is the very novel about _ weve talked so much. This is the very novel _weve talked about so much. This is Mr. John for _ son I brought a book yesterday. This is Mr. John for _ I bought a book yesterday. This is the hour _ the place is always full of women and children.,as引导定语从句的考查,先行词与such，the same连用时，常用关系代词as 在引导非限制性定语从句时，都可以置于句中，但as还可以放在句首（常考点）。 表示“正如”时，只能用关系代词as。 如：as is known to all，as we all know , as (it) often happens，as has been said beforeas was expected，as is said aboveas is mentioned above，as is reported等。 I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what,试题：7,32,33,49,53,as在定语从句中的用法,As 引导定语从句时只用于固定句型中： 在限制性定语从句中：用于suchas soas 比较such/soas 与such/sothat的区别 前者是连接代词引导定语从句，从句不完整 后者为引导目的状语从句，从句完整。 在非限制性定语从句中：用于as （+sb）+expected/hoped/intended等词，as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句首，句尾，句末，which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于句尾,句末。 自己举实例,先行词与关系代词合二为一,常见的组合有： Whoever=anyone who 无论谁 Whatever=anything 无论什么事情 Who=the person that 练 Who _knows him wants to make friends with him?,试题：46,This is the house which we bought last month.（限制性定语从句） This house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（非限制性定语从句） 限制性不可缺少，而非限制性可以去掉，不影响主句的意思; 非限制性用“，” 与主句隔开，表示与主句关系不密切 特殊的非限制性定语从句，将整个主句作为先行词,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.（蒸发） 定语从句的类型可以放在一开始的时候讲,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,Have you ever been to Hangzhou, _ is famous for the West Lake? Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, _lies the West Lake? I live in Beijing , _ is the capital of China.,作业,作业： 1.P112 reading3 4 reading 4作为summary练习文章 P128 reading3 4 2定语从句练习题 状语从句练习题,13. There was a time _there were slaves in the USA. 14. It is the third time _you have made the same mistake. 15. It was in the street _I met John yesterday. 16. It was about 600 years ago_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 17. The moment _I saw you, I recognized(认出)you. 20. Who is the student _was late for school today? 22. What else was there in my brother_you didnt like?,29. Winter is the time of year_the days are short and nights are long. 30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place_you may spend your weekend. 32.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 33.That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is ver