高中英语HelpingpeoplearoundtheworldPeriodFiveGrammar—Unrealconditionalsandthingshopedforordesired课件.pptx

,Helping people around the world,Unit 4,PART 1,语法导学,PART 2,达标检测,Period Five GrammarUnreal conditionals and things hoped for or desired,PART 1,语法导学,感悟规律 重点难点剖析,感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题,1.句1中从句的谓语动词为had asked，是与_事实相反的虚拟语气；主句的谓语动词为would know，是与_事实相反的虚拟语气。 2.由句2、句3、句4和句5可以看出，as if从句和if only后的句子常用虚拟语气。表示对过去事实的虚拟用_，如句2和句4；表示对现在事实的虚拟用_ (be动词常用_)，如句3和句5。,查看答案,现在,过去,过去完成时,一般过去时,were,3.由句6、句7和句8可以看出，wish和would rather后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。表示对过去事实的虚拟用_，如句6和句7；would rather后接的宾语从句中若表示对将来事实的虚拟则用_，如句8。 4.在表示建议、命令、要求等意义的词如suggest，order，command，require等词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用_，如句9。 5.由句10可以看出，在句型“It is time that.”中，从句的谓语动词可以使用_或“should动词原形”，should不能省略。,查看答案,(should)动词原形,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般过去时,一、错综时间条件句 在这种条件句中，虚拟条件句即条件从句和主句所指时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词时态。 If I were you，I wouldnt have missed the film last night. 如果我是你，我就不会错过昨晚那场电影。 If they had started in the early morning，they would arrive in half an hour. 如果他们一大早就出发，再过半小时就该到了。,二、含蓄条件句 不是用条件句而是由介词或介词短语(without.，but for.)，连词(but)，副词(otherwise)或上下文等表示某种假设的情况。 Without electricity(If there were no electricity)，life would be quite different today. 如果没有电，现在的生活将会大不相同。 I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the sports meeting. 那天我病了。否则，我就参加运动会了。,三、虚拟语气在as if/though，if only后的从句中的应用 1.as if/though引导的表语从句或方式状语从句表示与事实相反的情况时也用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反用一般过去时(be动词用were)；与过去事实相反用过去完成时(had done)；与将来事实相反用“would/should/could/might动词原形”。 The young man with long hair walks as if he were a small girl. 留长发的那个小伙子走起路来就像个小姑娘。 2.if only表示“要是就好了”，其后虚拟语气的用法见前面Period Three“经典句式”中讲的。 If only I had come to the party yesterday. 如果昨天我来参加晚会就好了。,四、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用 1.表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词insist，demand，require，request，propose，suggest，command，order等后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。 He ordered that the students (should) wash the clothes every week by themselves. 他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。 注意：suggest意为“暗示，表明”；insist意为“坚持说，坚持认为”时，从句中应用陈述语气。 The look on his face suggested he was upset. 他脸上的表情表明他很沮丧。 He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说他是对的。,2.在wish后的宾语从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的情况；用“could/would动词原形”表示与将来事实相反的情况；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况。 I wish I were 30 years younger. 我真希望自己能年轻三十岁。 I wish I could fly to the moon some day. 我真希望有一天我能飞到月球上去。 3.在would rather后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反的情况；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况。 Id rather we had a rest now. 我希望我们现在休息一下。,五、虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用 1.“Itis形容词that引导的主语从句”句型中的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用动词原形或“should动词原形”。 用于本句型中的形容词有：necessary，important，surprising，strange，shocking，natural，essential，reserved，urgent，impossible 等；还有与表示提议、要求、命令等动词有关的形容词，如desirable(desire)，urgent(urge)， advisable(advise)，preferable(prefer)等。 It is necessary that he (should) listen to the radio frequently.他很有必要常听收音机。 It is impossible that they (should) feel uncomfortable to live with us. 他们跟我们住在一起不舒服，这不可能。,2.“Itis过去分词that引导的主语从句”句型中的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用动词原形或“should动词原形”。 用于本句型中的过去分词就是表示提议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词，如suggested，required，requested，demanded，urged，proposed，ordered，desired，advised等。 It has been suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.有人建议推迟会议。 It is required that you (should) wear proper suits to take part in the party. 参加这个晚会要求着装恰当。,六、虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的应用 虚拟语气用在表示说话人的愿望(desire)，建议(suggestion，advice)，要求(requirement，demand)，命令(order，command)等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中，从句谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。 Our suggestion is that you (should) be there on time. 我们的建议是你应该按时到那儿。 What do you think of his suggestion that we (should) put on a play? 他建议我们演一出剧，你觉得怎样？,解析 句意为：真奇怪，他竟然未经主人的允许就把书拿走了。在it is strange/important/necessary/.that.句式中，从句谓语动词用“should动词原形”。,1. Its strange that he have taken the books without the owners permission.(2018江苏，24) A.would B.should C.could D.might,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2. There is a good social life in the village，and I wish I a second chance to become more involved.(2018江苏，27) A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had,答案,解析,解析 句意为：这个村子里有很好的社交生活，我希望我还有机会更多地参与其中。动词wish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。根据句意可知，此处表示与现在的情况相反，故用一般过去时。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,3.Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes.Otherwise，I able to reach her yesterday.(2017天津，15) A.hadnt been B.wouldnt have been C.werent D.wouldnt be,答案,解析,解析 句意为：你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？有。不然我昨天就联系不上她了。由空前的Otherwise及句意可知应用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，谓语动词用would have done，故选B项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,4.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.(2015陕西，23) A.dance B.will dance C.had danced D.danced,答案,解析,解析 句意为：埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊！I wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。由语境可知，此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的情况，故谓语动词一般用过去时，选D项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,解析 句意为：要是我上周二参加了我姐姐的婚礼那该多好啊，但是当时我在纽约出差。wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气；由I was on a business trip.可知是对过去发生过的事情的虚拟，故要用过去完成时。,5.I wish I at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2015天津，13) A.will be B.would be C.have been D.had been,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,6.Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2015重庆，7) A.didnt write B.hadnt written C.wouldnt write D.wouldnt have written,答案,解析,解析 句意为：要是没有战争时的经历，海明威就不会写出他的著名小说永别了，武器。该句使用了含有without的含蓄虚拟语气，由语境知，这里是对过去情况的假设，因此主句部分用would/could/should/mighthave done，故D项正确。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,7.It is lucky we booked a room，or we nowhere to stay now.(2015安徽，32) A.had B.had had C.would have D.would have had,答案,解析,解析 句意为：很幸运我们订了一个房间，否则我们现在将无处可住。or引导含蓄虚拟条件句，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟，因此用“would动词原形”，故选C。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,8.They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation，or they to our help.(2014浙江，16) A.would have come B.could come C.have come D.had come,答案,解析,解析 句意为：我们进行调研的那几个月他们出国了，要不然的话，他们就会来帮助我们了。由关键信息or可知，此处是隐含的虚拟条件句，or相当于if they hadnt been abroad。这是在叙述与过去事实相反的情况，因此这里谓语动词用would have done，故A项正确。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,9.We would rather our daughter at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.(2014陕西，23) A.would stay B.has stayed C.stayed D.stay,答案,解析,解析 would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来事实相反，用“had过去分词”表示与过去事实相反。根据后一句中的is可知，此处动词应用过去式，故选C项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,答案,解析,10.It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I it？ (2014重庆，13) A.had done B.have done C.did D.am doing,解析 句意为：是约翰打坏了窗户。为什么你说得好像是我打坏的似的？题中broke发生在“过去”。as if/though后面的从句用had done表示对“过去”的虚拟。故A项正确。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,PART 2,达标检测,当堂检测 基础达标演练,1.If I had taken your advice，I _(be) in such trouble. 2.Without your financial support，they _(overcome) the setbacks. 3.If only I _(take) my mothers advice last night! 4.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _(give) two weeks to prepare for the exam. 5.He insisted that they _(show) him their passports.,.用所给词的正确形式填空,查看答案,wouldnt be,wouldnt have overcome,had taken,(should) be given,(should) show,6.The last chance has been lost.How he wishes he _(have) one more! 7.Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _(be) at the age of six months old. 8.I _(go) to my cousins birthday party last night，but I was not available. 9.Did you expect Frank to come to the party? No，but I had hoped that he _(come). 10.He remembers everything of his childhood as if it _(happen) just now.,could/would have,(should) be,would have gone,would come,happened,查看答案,11.But for your help，I _the work on time. 要不是你的帮助，我不可能按时完成工作。 12.My suggestion is that _there to help protect the Tibetan antelopes. 我的建议是派一些志愿者去那里帮助保护藏羚羊。 13.We didnt know his telephone number；otherwise we _ _. 我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话了。,查看答案,.完成句子,would/could/might/should not have finished,some volunteers (should) be sent,would/could/should/,might have telephoned him,14.He speaks as if he_. 他说起来好像他亲眼见过似的