剑桥少儿英语三下Unit13课件.ppt

Unit 13,Our Beautiful Environment,necessary / nessr /,+介词 necessary for 对是必要的 necessary for health 对健康是必要的 +名词 necessary actions 必要措施 necessary information 必要的信息 necessary skill 必需的技能 It is/was+(for sb) to- v 例句： Do you have the necessary skills for this job? 你具备做这项工作所必需的技能吗? It is necessary for us to learn Enghlish well.,survival / svav()l /,V. : survive 例句： The old man was a survival of a past age. 这位老人是上一代的遗老。,sideways / sadwez /,The boy gave the girl a sideways look. 这男孩斜视了那姑娘一眼。 详细用法请参看课本Unit 14主页,upright / prat/,upright piano 竖型钢琴 例句： He stood in an upright position. 他直直地站着。 详细用法请参看课本Unit 14主页,view / vju /,at first view 初见 in sbs view 在某人看来 view作名词指“意见”时，后面可跟介词of 例句： His view of life is different from yours. 他的人生观与你的不同。 Ill sit here and look at the view. 我要坐在这里观看景色。,reflection / rflek()n /,例句： The reflection of the sun on the glass wall was blinding. 玻璃墙上反射的太阳光令人目眩。 You can see your reflection in a mirror. 你能在镜子里看到自己的映像。 This is a reflection of their frailty. 这是他们虚弱的反映。,flash / fl/,Did you use flash? 你有没有用闪光灯? In a flash he remembered everything. 一刹那,他记起了所有的事情。 详细用法请参看课本Unit 14主页,size up / saz p /,例句： He has the ability to size up a situation. 他会估计形势。 详细用法请参看课本Unit 14主页,frame / frem /,例句： In a silver frame on the table there was a photograph of his son. 在桌上银相框里有张他儿子的相片。 This old bed has an iron frame. 这张旧床的床架是铁制的。 详细用法请参看课本Unit 14主页,series / sriz /,a series of 一系列的 series是可数名词,单复数同形。 a series of meetings,alphabetical / lfbetk()l/,n. alphabet alphabetical order字母序列 alphabetical flag字母旗 例句： Put these words in alphabetical order. 把这些字按字母表顺序排列起来。,dictionary / dknr /,在表示“查字典”时, 须用动词consult, search, turn up或use, 不可用look for, 名词复数: dictionaries 例句： This dictionary is very helpful to your English study. 这部词典对你学习英语很有帮助。,rhyme / ram /,Do you understand the rhyme of this poem? 你理解这首诗的韵吗? Shakespeare sometimes wrote in rhyme. 莎士比亚有时用韵文写作。,Don swan,ink pad / k pd /,The shop only sells ink pads. 本店专营打印台。,句子,The environment needs to be protected. 环境需要被保护。 environment -环境 need to do sth. 需要做某事 be + p.p. 表示被动语态,诵读 三级B册课本Unit 13 P76-5）,Do all the good you can, by all the means you can. In all the ways you can, in all the places you can, at all the times you can. To all the people you can, as long as ever you can.,People can live all over the world. We can do this because we are able to make clothes and build houses which are needed for different conditions. Most plants and animals can only live in some environments because they cant put on or take off clothes.,背诵,Protect Our Environment,all over the world 全世界 be able to 能够（相当于 can ） be + p.p. 表被动 different conditions 不同的条件下 put on 穿上（衣服、鞋袜、帽子） take off 脱下（衣服、鞋袜、帽子）,useful expressions:,can 和be able to 都可以表示能力. can 泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即:can, could be able to 则主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be 发生变化，所以形式比can 多 可以说：I can swim. I am able to swim. 但是不能说： All the people could escape from the big fire in time. 只能说： All the people were able to escape from the fire in time.,The environment where we stay gives us plants or animals, food and places to live. Where a plant or animal lives is called its habitat. Forest, garden, jungle and desert can make a good habitat.,Protect Our Environment,where引导的定语从句，此句翻译为：我们所待的环境给我们提供了植物、动物、食物和居住的地方。,A bird can live in a forest habitat. A frog can live in a pond habitat. People can live in the kind of place where we have enough food, water, plants and other animals. There may be many different kinds of animals and plants living together in the same habitat. They all need food for growth.,enough + n. different kinds of 不同种类的 the same 一样的 need to do sth.需要做某事 need for sth.为了需要 They all need food for growth.他们都为了生长需要食物。 = They all need food to grow.,useful expressions:,Plants will get their food from the sunlight, the air and water, but animals have to eat other living things like plants or other animals.,The environment needs to be protected because if the habitat becomes worse and worse, then no people, plants or animals will be able to survive.,need to do sth. be + p.p. 比较级 and 比较级 表示“越来越，更” worse and worse 越来越差 （worse bad, badly比较级）,useful expressions:,概念：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。,现在完成时,现在完成时,主菜单,上一页,下一页,现在完成时的构成,现在完成时的主要用法,现在完成时的时间状语,短暂性动词与时间段的关系,have been 与have gone 比较,与一般过去时的用法比较,现在完成时的构成,主菜单,上一页,下一页,have (has)+ 过去分词,现在完成时的主要用法,上一页,下一页,- Its so dark. -Someone has turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑),- Are you free? -I have finished my homework. I am free (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空),主菜单,1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。,上一页,下一页,I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 (从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学) She has swum since half an hour ago. 我已经游泳了半个小时 (半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游),现在完成时的主要用法,主菜单,2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。,现在完成时的主要用法,1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。,2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态,现在完成时的时间状语,常与already, never, ever, just, yet, before, 连用,上一页,下一页,主菜单,up to now, so far, for the last few weeks these days, since for a long time,短暂性动词与时间段的关系,短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是： become, begin, buy, borrow, come (go, arrive), die, finish, join, leave, 等。,上一页,下一页,为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词 来代替短暂性动词。,主菜单,become be, begin have , borrow keep, buy have, come (go, arrive, get) be here/there/in， die be dead, finish be over, join be in （be a member of ） leave be away ( from),下一页,上一页,主菜单,但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。 如：I havent bought the bike for a year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 She hasnt come here for an hour. 她来这儿还没有一个小时。,上一页,下一页,主菜单, 翻 译 练 习： 1.我买了这块手表五年了。 2.这位老人已经死了十年了。,I have bought this watch for five years. I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago.,The old man has died for ten years. The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,3.他已经回来三天了。 4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。 5.我离开家乡已十年了。,He has come back for 3 days. He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago.,He has come here since 6 oclock. He has been here since 6 oclock.,I have left hometown for 10 years. I have been away from hometown for 10 years.,W,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,have been 与have gone 的用法比较,have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in 意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”,上一页,下一页,主菜单,Has she ever been to Nanjing? 她曾去过南京吗？ You have never been there, have you? 你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？ I have been to Guiling ,I went there last year. 我去过桂林，我去年去的。 She has gone to Nanjing. 她已经去南京了。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,与一般过去时的用法比较,一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。,上一页,下一页, 第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典” 。,第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强 调说明。,主菜单,二当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:,上一页,下一页,eg: I saw the film on television yesterday .,但since(自以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。,eg： They have known each other since 1950 .,Since he was a child ,he has lived in England.,主菜单,三常与一般过去时连用的典型的 表示过去时间的状语:,上一页,下一页,yesterday(昨天), the day before yesterday(前天), just now(刚才)， 时间+ ago, last +时间 等;,eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago.,We finished our task last week .,主菜单,上一页,现在完成时练习,主菜单,动 词 填 空： 1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that already. When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. 2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you_(be) there?,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,have,been,下一页,上一页,主菜单,4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting. 5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. 7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year. 8.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last year.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,have developed,gave,has given,下一页,上一页,主菜单,选用 for和 since填空: 1.We havent seen each other _ a long time. 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes. 4.Mr Gree