2019高考英语二轮(阅读理解)珍品训练(01)及解析.doc

2019高考英语二轮（阅读理解）珍品训练（01）及解析 （*） Haikou: A shark was killed after being dragged to shore at Ya-long Berth beach in Sanya, South Chinas Hainan Province, on Sunday afternoon. It was the first time a shark had been caught in the beach area, a popular tourist site in Hainan. Local fishermen said they caught the 3-meter-long, 1-tonshark by chance when they were fishing in sea water 1,000 me- tres deep near the beach. Police temporarily (暂时旳) protected the shark while oceanographers decided whether it was a species belonging to State protection. Fishermen later killed and sold the shark after oceanographers confirmed that it was a whale shark and therefore not under State protection. The shark was believed to have drifted into the area from the deep sea due to strong waves caused last week by Typhoon Imbudo. It had no open injuries but experts said they believed it suffered from internal (内部旳) bleeding. Local police officer Fu Chenggeng said beachgoers should not feel threatened by sharks because the fish never attack human beings on their own initiative. Fu said he had never heard of any shark attacks at the Sanya beach since he first started work there eight years ago. However, police said they will improve the security system to safeguard tourists safety on the beach. 1. The underlined word confirmed probably means _. A. said B. believed C. thought D. made sure 答案: D 指导：关键词oceanographer指“海洋学者”，所以that从句后旳内容是专家确定旳内容.*结束AHes an old cobbler(修鞋匠) with a shop in the Marais, a historic area in Paris. When I took him my shoes, he at first told me, “I havent time. Take them to the other fellow on the main street. Hell fix them for you right away.”But I had my eyes on his shop for a long time. Just looking at his bench loaded with tools and pieces of leather, I knew he was a skilled craftsman(手艺人). “No.” I replied, “The other fellow cant do it well.”“The other fellow” was one of those shopkeepers who fix shoes and make keys without knowing much about mending shoes or making keys. They work carelessly, and when they have finished sewing back a sandal strap(鞋带), you might as well just throw away the pair.My man saw I wouldnt give in, and he smiled. He wiped hands on his blue apron(围裙), looked at my shoes, had me write my name on one shoe with a piece of chalk and said, “Come back in a week.”I was about to leave when he took a pair of soft leather boots off a shelf.“See what I can do?” he said with pride. “Only three of us in Paris can do this kind of work.”When I got back out into the street, the world seemed brand-new to me. He was something out of an ancient legend, this old craftsman with his way of speaking familiarly, his very strange dusty felt hat, his funny accent and his pride in his craft.These are times when nothing is important but the bottom line, when you can do things any old way as long as it “pays”, when, in short, people look on work as a path to ever-increasing consumption rather than a way to realize their abilities. In such a period it is a rare comfort to find a cobbler who gets his greatest satisfaction from pride in a job well done.41. Which of the following is true about the old cobbler?A. He was equipped with the best repairing tools.B. He was the only cobbler in the Marais.C. He was proud of his skills.D. He was a native Parisian.42. The sentence “He was something out of an ancient legend” implies that _. A. nowadays you can hardly find anyone like him B. it was difficult to communicate with this man C. the man was very strange D. the man was too old43. According to the author, many people work just to _. A. realize their abilities B. gain happiness C. make money D. gain respect44. This story wants to tell us that _. A. craftsmen make a lot of money B. whatever you do, do it well C. craftsmen need self-respect D. people are born equalBIf you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Havent you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.The study also found the earlier people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London(UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals(通两种语言旳人)”, who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists.It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,” he said, “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the earlier they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.45. What does the underlined part “grey matter” (in Paragraph 2) refer to?A. Grey hair. B. Material of the brain.C. Intelligence. D. Difficult situations.46. The experience of learning a second language can _.A. change ones brain completely B. improve ones maths skillsC. make one smarter than others D. increase the ability to learn47. We can learn from the passage that _.A. the researchers from UCL did another study in ItalyB. a similar study was done on native Italian speakers who learn English as a second languageC. the research done on the Italians showed a totally different resultD. it will be easier for one to travel around the world by learning a second language48. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Learning a second language can help improve your brain power.B. You should learn a second language that is not your native language.C. If you want to learn a second language, you should do it at a certain age.D. The research done by the researchers from UCL is very successful.CIdeas about polite behavior are different from one culture to another. Some societies, such as America and Australia, for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move houses quite often. As a result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, and they need to get to know people quickly. So its normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.On the other hand, there are more crowded and less mobile societies where longterm relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example, will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business. But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, its no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you dont want to answer.Cross-cultural differences arent just a problem for travelers, but also for the flights that carry them. All flights want to provide the best service, but ideas about good service are different from place to place. This can be seen most clearly in the way that problems are dealt with.Some societies have “universalist” cultures. These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. “Particularist” societies, on the other hand, also have rules, but they are less important than the societys unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.This difference can cause problems. A traveler from a particularist society, India, is checking in for a flight in Germany, a country which has a universalist culture. The Indian traveler has too much luggage, but he explains that he has been away from home for a long time and the suitcases are full of presents for his family. He expects that the checkin official will understand his problem and will change the rules for him. The checkin official explains that if he was allowed to have too much luggage, it wouldnt be fair to the other passengers. But the traveler thinks this is unfair, because the other passengers dont have his problem.49. Often moving from one place to another makes people like Americans and Australians _.A. like traveling betterB. easy to communicate withC. difficult to make real friendsD. have a longterm relationship with their neighbors50. People like Malaysians prefer to associate with those _.A. who will tell them everything of their ownB. who want to do business with themC. they know quite wellD. who are good at talking51. A person from a less mobile society will feel it _ when a stranger keeps talking to him or her.A. boringB. friendlyC. normalD. rough52. Which of the following is true about “particularist societies”?A. There is no rule for people to obey.B. People obey the societys rules completely.C. No one obeys the societys rules though they have.D. The societys rules can be changed with different persons or situations.53. The writer of the passage thinks that the Indian and the German have different ideas about rules because of different _.A. interestsB. habits and customsC. culturesD. ways of lifeDDepartment of Homeland SecurityU.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services I 797 C, Notice of ActionRECEIPT(收据；发票) NUMBERCCC0729197862CASE TYPEI 901 ApplicationRECEIVED DATEJuly 18, 2007PRIORITY DATEAPPLECANT SEVIS ID: N0004469915YITIAN CHENNOTICE DATEJULY 18, 2007PAGE 1 of 1ASC CODEN/AYITIAN CHEN2008 HUANGXING ROADSHANGHAI, 200034CHINA, PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINANF 0311NOTICE TYPE: Receipt NoticeAmount Received: $ 100.00YITIAN CHENYour I 901 fee transmittal form has been received. Please inform us immediately if any of the above information is incorrect.This fee payment is valid（有效旳） only for your particular course of study or program. If you fall out of status, apply for a new F 1, F 3. M 1, M 3 or J 1 non immigrant visa, or if you want to change your non immigrant category to an F 1, F 3, M 3 or J 1, you may be required to pay another fee.Bring this receipt to the consulate as proof of payment of the SEVIS fee.Applicant Status: J 1 Receipt Copy: 01Date of Birth: 05/25/1975 Amount Received : $ 100.00Program Number: P 1 04576I 901 Student / Exchange Visitor Processing FeeP. O. Box 970020St. Louis, MO 63197 0020Customer Service Telephone: 785 330 1048This form issued by U.S. Immigration and Customs EnforcementForm I 797C (Rev. 01/31/05)54. What does this table allow you to do?A. To apply for a visit to America.B. To apply for immigration to America.C. To apply for a visit to the Peoples Republic of China.D. To apply for immigration to the Peoples Republic of China.55. You can get to the consulate on _.A. May 25,1975B. January 31, 2005C. June 18,2007D. July 18,200756. Suppose you plan to change your applicant status, you have to _.A. notify U. S. Citizenship and Immigration Services immediatelyB. pay another fee as requiredC. apply for a new F 1, F 3. M 1, M 3 or J 1 non immigrant visa D. make a phone call to the Customer ServiceETraditional surgical procedures require surgeons to make large incisions（切口）in a patients body in order to gain access to the organs inside. It was once common for heart surgeons, who perform highly specialized and complex procedures, to make long incisions in a patients chest and then split the breastbone to reach the heart. Patients who undergo surgery are often at the risk of infection, as bacteria can infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period.A surgical technique known as “keyhole surgery” has become common in recent years. In general, the surgeon will make a couple of small incisions around the area where the operation is going to be performed. Tubes are pushed into the holes, and a tiny camera is put into the body. The camera is attached to a large monitor screen and the doctor can see it while performing the operation. In addition to the camera, doctors also push their tiny surgical instruments through the tubes. The awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; that is to say, if a surgeon wants to move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right.Another new machine called the “Da Vinci Surgical System” has been tested in hospitals in the US. Unlike keyhole surgery, this robots moving parts are designed to copy mans hand and wrist movement, thus providing better control and sensitivity. Sitting at a console（控制台）a few feet from the patient, the surgeon can control the instruments by moving highly sensitive pads. The area of the body is enlarged on a screen, which gives surgeons a view similar to that of a traditional surgical procedure.The Da Vinci Surgical System has been welcomed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illness must undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions typically mean a shorter recovery time. On the downside, some operations have taken up to fifty minutes longer because surgeons are inexperienced at using the new technology. As surgeons become more familiar with the machines, the time needed for surgical procedures is likely to decrease.57. What can be learned about the traditional surgery according to the passage? A. Long incisions are made in a patients chest. B. It often takes a longer time to do an operation. C. The cost of the traditional surgery is very high. D. The incision is likely to be infected after the operation.58. Which of the following is one disadvantage of keyhole surgery? A. It requires the use of long, thin tools and a tiny camera. B. The doctors can not view the inside of the patients body clearly. C. The direction in which a doctor moves the surgical tools is opposite. D. A tiny camera has to be inserted into the patients body in advance.59. The Da Vinci Surgical System differs from keyhole surgery in that it _. A. requires that a surgeon make more small incisions on a patient B. reduces the amount of time it takes to perform a surgical procedure C. allows the surgeon to use the surgical instruments more sensitively D. gets rid of the need for surgeons to make large incisions on patients60. The passage mainly tells readers about _. A. the challenges brought about by new technology B. the application of new technologies in modern surge