自考英语一Unit04名师串讲含课文、生词表、课后练习及答案.

UNIT4FRIENDSANDFRIENDSHIPAFAMOUSQUOTETHEBESTWAYTODESTROYANENEMYISTOMAKEHIMAFRIENDABRAHAMLINCOLN摧毁敌人最好的办法就是把他变成朋友。亚伯拉罕林肯ABRAHAMLINCOLN（18091865）,16THPRESIDENTOFTHEUNITEDSTATES（18611865）ANDAMERICANCIVILWARLEADERHESUCCESSFULLYLEDHISCOUNTRYTHROUGHITSGREATESTCONSTITUTIONAL,MILITARYANDMORALCRISISTHEAMERICANCIVILWARPRESERVINGTHEUNIONWHILEENDINGSLAVERY,ANDPROMOTINGECONOMICANDFINANCIALMODERNIZATIONHEWASIMMORTALIZEDBYHISEMANCIPATIONPROCLAMATION,HISGETTYSBURGADDRESS,ANDTWOOUTSTANDINGINAUGURALADDRESSES亚伯拉罕林肯，美国第16任总统（任期1861年3月4日1865年4月15日）美国南北战争的领导者。他成功地领导他的国家度过了宪法、军事和道德危机南北战争在结束奴隶制的同时维护了联邦的统一，促进了经济和金融现代化。他的解放黑奴宣言、葛底斯堡演说、还有两篇杰出的就职演说使他名垂千古。SPEAKINGACTIVITYTALKINGONTHEPHONESAMPLEDIALOGUEREADTHEFOLLOWINGCONVERSATIONPAYATTENTIONTOHOWTHESPEAKERSTALKONTHEPHONEOPERATORHELLOTHISISTHEEMERGENCY911OPERATORTAXIDRIVERHELPPLEASEHELPMEOPERATORYES,SIRPLEASECALMDOWNANDEXPLAINEXACTLYWHATSTHEMATTERTAXIDRIVERCALMDOWNMYCARHASBROKENDOWNANDIHAVEALADYPASSENGERANDSHESGOINGINTOLABOROPERATORNOWRELAX,SIREXPLAINEXACTLYWHEREYOUARETAXIDRIVERIMIMINTHESOUTHBOUNDLANEOFTHELINCOLNEXPRESSWAYANDTHELADYCANTWAITOPERATOROKAYWHATSYOURNAME,SIR,ANDYOURPASSENGERSTAXIDRIVERITSITSBOB,ANDIHAVENOIDEAABOUTTHEWOMANSHESINNOCONDITIONTOTELLMEOPERATOROKAYNOWWHEREAREYOUWHATSTHENEARESTLANDMARKYOUCANSEETAXIDRIVERUMM,ICANSEEGOLDENARCHESTHERESAMCDONALDSOPERATOROK,IVEJUSTSENTOFFANAMBULANCEITSHOULDBETHEREANYSECONDTAXIDRIVERHEY,ISTHEREANYTHINGICANDOFORTHELADYWHILEWEWAITFORTHEAMBULANCEOPERATORYES,UH,KEEPHERCALMANDWARMTAXIDRIVEROKAYPLEASEHURRYOH,THEYRETOOLATEITSABOYGUIDEDPRACTICEDIRECTIONSGIVEAPHONECALLTOTHENEARESTRESTAURANTANDORDERATAKEOUTSUPPLYYOUROWNINFORMATIONYOUMAYUSETHEFOLLOWINGTIPSTOHELPYOUHELLOTHISISEXPLAINEXACTLYWHEREYOUAREWHATSYOURNAME,SIR/MADAMITSWHATSTHENEARESTLANDMARKYOUCANSEEICANSEEOKAYPLEASEHURRYTEXTANEWWORDS1、KINDERGARTENNASCHOOLORCLASSTOPREPARECHILDRENAGEDFIVEORYOUNGERFORSCHOOL学前班；幼儿园2、SCRUBVTOCLEANSOMETHINGBYRUBBINGITHARD,PERHAPSWITHABRUSHANDUSUALLYWITHSOAPANDWATER擦洗；刷洗3、UPSETADJUNHAPPYORDISAPPOINTEDBECAUSEOFSOMETHINGUNPLEASANTTHATHASHAPPENED不高兴的；失望的4、BICKERVTOARGUEABOUTTHINGSTHATARENOTIMPORTANT（为小事）斗嘴，争吵5、LIFELONGADJLASTINGOREXISTINGALLTHROUGHYOURLIFE终身的；毕生的6、SIBLINGNABROTHERORSISTER兄；弟；姐；妹7、FULFILLMENTN（AME）THEACTOFDOINGORACHIEVINGWHATWASHOPEDFOROREXPECTED实现8、FREQUENTLYADVOFTEN频繁地；经常9、SUBTLEADJNOTVERYNOTICEABLEOROBVIOUS不易察觉的；不明显的；微妙的10、FAVORITISMN（AME）THEACTOFUNFAIRLYTREATINGONEPERSONBETTERTHANOTHERSBECAUSEYOULIKETHEMBETTER偏爱；偏袒11、BITTERNESSNTHEQUALITYORSTATEOFFEELINGANGRYANDUNHAPPYBECAUSEYOUFEELTHATYOUHAVEBEENTREATEDUNFAIRLY愤愤不平12、CONSTANTLYADVALLTHETIMEREPEATEDLY始终；一直，重复不断地13、TEENAGERNAPERSONWHOISBETWEEN13AND19YEARSOLD（13至19岁之间的）青少年，青少年男女14、BONDINGNTHEPROCESSOFFORMINGASPECIALRELATIONSHIPWITHSOMEBODYORWITHAGROUPOFPEOPLE人与人之间的关系（或联结）15、MAIDOFHONORN（ESPECIALLYINTHEUS）AYOUNGWOMANWHOISNOTMARRIEDANDWHOISTHEMAINBRIDESMAIDATWEDDING（尤用于美国英语，指未婚的）首席女傧相，伴娘16、APARTMENTNASETOFROOMSFORLIVINGIN,USUALLYONONEFLOOROFABUILDING（通常指在同一楼层的）公寓套房PHRASESANDEXPRESSIONS1、ONONESHANDSANDKNEESONTHEFLOOR,WITHYOURHANDSANDYOURLOWERLEGSONTHEGROUND趴在地上2、YOUNAMEITUSEDTOSAYTHEREAREMANYTHINGSTOCHOOSEFROM凡你想得起的；不管什么3、LONGFORTOWANTSOMETHINGVERYMUCHESPECIALLYIFITDOESNOTSEEMLIKELYTOHAPPENSOON渴望4、GETALONGTOHAVEAFRIENDLYRELATIONSHIP和睦相处，关系良好TEXTAPREREADINGQUESTIONS1WHATARETHEMOSTVALUABLEGIFTSYOUHAVEEVERRECEIVED3WHATSHAREDMEMORIESDOYOUHAVEWITHYOURBESTFRIENDSTHEGREATESTGIFTWHENIWASACHILDIWASSHOCKEDATTHEIDEATHATMYSISTERSCOULDBEMYBESTFRIENDSNOW,IWOULDNTHAVEITANYOTHERWAYIMFIVEYEARSOLD,ANDMYMOTHERISONHERHANDSANDKNEES,WASHINGTHEKITCHENFLOORIMTELLINGHERABOUTANEWGIRLINSCHOOL,ANDSHESUDDENLYLOOKSUPATMEANDSAYS,“WHOAREYOURTWOBESTFRIENDS“IMNOTSUREWHATTOSAYIVEBEENFRIENDSWITHJILLSINCEIWASTHREEORSO,ANDIREALLYLIKEJAIME,AFRIENDINKINDERGARTEN“JILLANDJAIME“MYMOTHERSTOPSSCRUBBINGTHEFLOORANDSTARTSTOTAKEOFFHERYELLOWRUBBERGLOVES“WELL,WHATABOUTKARENANDCINDY“MYSISTERS“IDONTKNOWWHOTHEIRBESTFRIENDSARE,“ISAY“NO,“SHESAYS“IMSAYING,WHYARENTTHEYYOURBESTFRIENDS“SHESEEMSUPSET,ASTHOUGHIHAVEHURTHERFEELINGS“BUTTHEYREMYSISTERS“YES,BUTTHEYCANSTILLBEYOURBESTFRIENDSFRIENDSMAYCOMEANDGO,BUTYOURSISTERSWILLALWAYSBETHEREFORYOU“ATTHETIME,THEIDEAOFMYTWOSISTERSBEINGMYCLOSESTFRIENDSEEMEDSTRANGETOMEWEUSEDTOFIGHTALLTHETIMEOVERTOYS,FOOD,ATTENTION,WHATTOWATCHONTELEVISIONYOUNAMEIT,WEBICKEREDABOUTITATSOMEPOINTHOWCOULDMYSISTERSBEMYBESTFRIENDSWEWERENTTHESAMEAGEWEALLHADOUROWNFRIENDSINSCHOOLBUTMYMOTHERNEVERLETTHETHREEOFUSFORGETITSISTERSARELIFELONGFRIENDSHERWISHLIKEMOSTPARENTSWASTOGIVEUSSOMETHINGTHATSHEHADNEVERHADGROWINGUPASANONLYCHILD,SHELONGEDFORSIBLINGSWHENSHEGAVEBIRTHTOTHREEDAUGHTERSSEPARATEDBYONLYFOURYEARSTHEFULFILLMENTOFHERDREAMHADONLYJUSTBEGUNSHEHADGIVENUSEACHAGIFTOURSISTERSANDSHEWANTEDTOMAKESUREWEDIDNOTTAKETHATGIFTFORGRANTEDSHEWOULDFREQUENTLYTELLUSHOWLUCKYWEWEREBUTTHEREWEREOTHER,MORESUBTLEWAYSTHATSHEENCOURAGEDUSTOGROWCLOSERSHENEVERSHOWEDFAVORITISMTOONEDAUGHTEROVERTHEOTHER,SOASNOTTOCAUSEJEALOUSYORBITTERNESSBETWEENUSSHECONSTANTLYTOOKUSPLACESTOGETHERSKATING,SHOPPING,SWIMMINGSOWEDEVELOPEDCOMMONINTERESTSANDWHENWEWERETEENAGERS,MOMALWAYSPUNISHEDUSEQUALLY,GIVINGUSYETANOTHERBONDINGEXPERIENCEWEDIDNTALWAYSGETALONGBEAUTIFULLYANDFOUGHTJUSTLIKEANYOTHERSIBLINGSBUTSOMEWHEREINBETWEENMOMSLECTURES,THEFAMILYVACATIONSANDTHESHAREDMEMORIES,WEREALIZEDTHATOURMOTHERWASRIGHTTODAYISHARETHINGSWITHMYSISTERSTHATISHAREWITHNOONEELSEMYSISTERCINDYANDIRANTHENEWYORKCITYMARATHONTOGETHER,SIDEBYSIDE,EVENHOLDINGHANDSWHENWECROSSEDTHEFINISHINGLINEWHENMYSISTERKARENGOTMARRIED,IWASHERMAIDOFHONORCINDYANDITRAVELEDTHROUGHEUROPETOGETHERANDEVENSHAREDANAPARTMENTFORTWOYEARSTHETHREEOFUSTRUSTEACHOTHERWITHOURGREATESTSECRETSITWASTWENTYTHREEYEARSAGOTHATMYMOTHERFIRSTASKEDMEWHOMYTWOBESTFRIENDSWERETODAYSHEDOESNTHAVETOSHEALREADYKNOWSKEYSENTENCES1WEUSEDTOFIGHTALLTHETIMEOVERTOYS,FOOD,ATTENTION,WHATTOWATCHONTELEVISIONYOUNAMEIT,WEBICKEREDABOUTITATSOMEPOINT我们从小一直为了玩具、食物、大人的关注、看什么电视节目而争吵，凡是可以争可以吵的，都吵过了。2WHENSHEGAVEBIRTHTOTHREEDAUGHTERSSEPARATEDBYONLYFOURYOURSTHEFULFILLMENTOFHERDREAMHADONLYJUSTBEGUN母亲在四年内相继生了我们三姐妹，她的梦想也开始逐渐成为现实。3BUTSOMEWHEREINBETWEENMOMSLECTURES,THEFAMILYVACATIONSANDTHESHAREDMEMORIES,WEREALIZEDTHATOURMOTHERWASRIGHT但是通过母亲的教诲、家庭度假还有共享的回忆，我们意识到母亲是正确的。4ITWASTWENTYTHREEYEARSAGOTHATMYMOTHERFIRSTASKEDMEWHOMYTWOBESTFRIENDSWERE自从母亲第一次问我谁是我的两个最好的朋友，已经过去23年了。NOTES1INTHEFIRSTPARTOFTHISSTORY,PRESENTTENSEISUSEDTOTELLSTORIESABOUTPASTEVENTSTHISPHENOMENONISCALLEDTHEHISTORICALPRESENTLINGUISTSHAVESOMETIMESSUGGESTEDTHATTHISMAKESSTORIESMOREVIVIDBYBRINGINGPASTACTIONSINTOTHEIMMEDIATEPRESENT2THENEWYORKCITYMARATHONISAMAJORANNUALMARATHON（262MILE）THATCOURSESTHROUGHTHEFIVEBOROUGHSOFNEWYORKCITYITISONEOFTHELARGESTMARATHONSINTHEWORLDTHERACEISORGANIZEDBYNEWYORKROADRUNNERSANDHASBEENRUNEVERYYEARSINCE19703THEMAIDOFHONORISTHECHIEFUNMARRIEDWOMANATTENDANTOFABRIDE,USUALLYASISTERORCLOSEFRIENDOFTHEBRIDEEXERCISESCHECKINGYOURCOMPREHENSIONDIRECTIONSCHOOSETHEBESTANSWERTOEACHQUESTIONFROMTHEINFORMATIONGIVENINTHEPASSAGE1“THEGREATESTGIFT“INTHETITLEREFERSTO_A）APRESENTGIVENTOEACHSISTERWHENSHEWASBORNB）THETALENTEACHSISTERWASBORNWITHC）THEMATERNALLOVEEACHSISTERRECEIVEDD）THEINTIMATERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHETHREESISTERS答疑编号506486040301【答案】D【解析】本题考查学生对文章题目的理解。通读全文可知，文章的标题即本文的主旨，再结合文章第十一段第五句，THEGREATESTGIFT即姐妹们之间的亲密关系。答案为D。2WHENISAIDMYSISTERSWERENTMYBESTFRIENDS,MYMOTHERAPPEAREDTOBE_A）EMBARRASSEDB）UNHAPPYC）SYMPATHETICD）PROUD答疑编号506486040302【答案】B【解析】文章第八段之前母女之间的谈话，表明作者的姐妹不是她的好朋友，第八段中母亲表明了她对此的态度是UPSET。EMBARRASSED尴尬的，SYMPATHETIC有同情心的，PROUD骄傲的，UNHAPPY不高兴的。答案为B。3IDIDNOTREGARDMYSISTERSASMYBESTFRIENDSBECAUSE_A）WECONSTANTLYGOTINTOFIGHTSB）WEHADTOTALLYDIFFERENTWORLDVIEWSC）WESHAREDNOHOBBIESANDINTERESTSD）WELIVEDOURLIVESINDIFFERENTWAYS答疑编号506486040303【答案】A【解析】文章第十段第三句提出问题作者为什么不能与姐妹们成为好朋友，前两句则对此进行回答，即他们姐妹们之间总是FIGHTALLTHETIME。答案为A。4MYMOTHERSELDOM_A）TOLDUSHOWFORTUNATEWEWEREB）ENCOURAGEDUSTOGETCLOSERC）FAVOREDONEOFUSOVERTHEOTHERSD）TOOKUSTODOSPORTSTOGETHER答疑编号506486040304【答案】C【解析】文章第十一段倒数第三句提到，SHENEVERSHOWEDFAVORITISMTOONEDAUGHTEROVERTHEOTHER,即她从不偏袒某个女儿。答案为C。5ASSISTERS,WEHAVE_A）ATTENDEDMOMSLECTURESTOGETHERB）GOTMARRIEDONTHESAMEDAYC）RENTEDANAPARTMENTINNEWYORKD）SHAREDOURGREATESTSECRETS答疑编号506486040305【答案】D【解析】作者在文章第十一段讲述了姐妹们之间亲密相处的情形，其中最后一句提到，THETHREEOFUSTRUSTEACHOTHERWITHOURGREATESTSECRETS,我们三个人之间彼此信任，拥有着属于我们之间的伟大秘密。答案为D。BUILDINGYOURVOCABULARYSECTIONADIRECTIONSCOMPLETEEACHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCESWITHTHECORRECTCHOICEOFTHEWORDSGIVENINTHEBRACKETS1VISITINGDISNEYLANDHAS_ABOYHOODDREAM（FULFILLED，FULFILLMENT）答疑编号506486040306【答案】FULFILLED访问迪斯尼乐园实现了童年时代的梦想。【解析】FULFILLMENT,N实现；FULFILL，V实现、履行（诺言）。注意本句的时态是现在完成时。答案为FULFILLED。2THEBUSESRUNLESS_ONSUNDAY（FREQUENT,FREQUENTLY）答疑编号506486040307【答案】FREQUENTLY星期天公交车运行来车较少。（班次频度较低）【解析】缺少副词修饰RUN。FREQUENT,ADJ频繁的、时常的；FREQUENTLY是它的副词形式。答案为FREQUENTLY。3PHYSICALHEALTHISNOTALWAYSEASILY_FROMMENTALHEALTH（SEPARATE,SEPARABLE）答疑编号506486040308【答案】SEPARABLE身体健康与心理健康不可轻易分开。【解析】SEPARATE,ADJ意为分离的，分开的；SEPARABLE,ADJ意为可分离的，可分开的。结合句意“体格健康和心理健康是不可轻易分开的。”可知，SEPARABLE符合。答案为SEPARABLE。4SHEDSUFFEREDTERRIBLYOVERTHEYEARSBUTITHADNTMADEHER_（BITTER,BITTERNESS）答疑编号506486040309【答案】BITTER这些年她吃了很多苦，但是没有叫苦连天。【解析】MAKESBADJ句型，让某人。BITTER,ADJ苦的、愤愤不平的；BITTERNESS,N愤愤不平。答案为BITTER。5THEFRIDGEKEEPSFOODATA_TEMPERATURE（CONSTANT,CONSTANTLY）答疑编号506486040310【答案】CONSTANT冰箱恒温保鲜食品。【解析】名词TEMPERATURE前缺少修饰它的形容词。CONSTANT，ADJ一直的、始终的；CONSTANTLY,ADV一直地。CONSTANTTEMPERATURE指恒定的温度。答案为CONSTANT。6HEHADALWAYSBEENVERY_OFHISBROTHERSGOODLOOKS（JEALOUS,JEALOUSY）答疑编号506486040311【答案】JEALOUS他过去总是妒忌他兄弟的相貌。【解析】系表结构，缺少形容词。JEALOUS，ADJ忌妒的；JEALOUS，N妒忌、猜忌。HADBEENJEALOUS是过去完成时。译文他过去总忌妒他哥哥的长相。答案为JEALOUS。SECTIONBDIRECTIONSFILLINTHEBLANKSWITHTHEWORDSGIVENBELOWCHANGETHEFORMWHERENECESSARYTEENAGERKINDERGARTENUPSETSIBLINGSSCRUBBEDFAVORITISMSUBTLELIFELONG1SHEWASVERY_TOHEARTHATTHEHOLIDAYHADBEENCANCELLED答疑编号506486040312【答案】UPSET假期被取消了她很失望。【解析】译文假期被取消的消息让她很失望。系表结构，缺少形容词。UPSET,ADJ伤心的、失望的。答案为UPSET。2HE_THEOLDSAUCEPANCLEAN,ANDITLOOKEDASGOODASNEW答疑编号506486040313【答案】SCRUBBED他用力擦洗旧的平底锅，看起来好像新的一样。【解析】译文他把旧平底锅刷得干干净净，看上去像新的一样。缺少谓语动词，注意时态应保持一致，用一般过去时。SCRUB表示用力地刷洗、擦洗。答案为SCRUBBED。3ASA_HEATTENDEDTULSEHILLSENIORHIGHSCHOOL答疑编号506486040314【答案】TEENAGER当他1319岁时，在TULSEHILL高中学习。【解析】译文在他青少年时期，他进入TULSEHILL高中学习。根据句意，填入表示“人”的名词。TEENAGER,N青少年。答案为TEENAGER。4ITISA_ARGUMENT,BUTVERYCONVINCINGWHENYOUTHINKABOUTIT答疑编号506486040315【答案】SUBTLE这是一个没有明显结论的争辩，但是当你细想起来又觉得很可信。【解析】译文这是一个没有明显结论的争论，但是当你认真思考的时候，又会觉得它很可信。SUBTLE意为敏感的、不易察觉的、不明显的，可在此修饰中心词ARGUEMENT。答案为SUBTLE。5THEIR_TOWARDSTHEIRFIRSTSONHURTTHEOTHERCHILDREN答疑编号506486040316【答案】FAVORITISM他们对大儿子的偏爱伤害了其他子女。【解析】译文他们对第一个儿子的偏爱伤害了其他的孩子。本空应填入名词作为中心词。FAVORITISM意为偏爱、偏袒，符合题意。答案为FAVORITISM。6IHAVEFOUR_THREEBROTHERSANDASISTER答疑编号506486040317【答案】SIBLINGS我有四个兄弟姐妹三个兄弟、一个姐妹。【解析】译文我有四个兄弟姐妹三个哥哥、一个姐姐。本题缺少宾语，SIBILING意为兄弟、姐妹，此处应使用复数形式。答案为SIBILINGS。SECTIONCDIRECTIONSCOMPLETEEACHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCESWITHASUITABLEWORD1THEYWEREDEEPLYSHOCKED_HERBEHAVIOUR答疑编号506486040318【答案】AT他们对她的行为感到震惊。【解析】译文他们对她的行为感到很震惊。BESHOCKEDAT对感到震惊，是固定搭配。答案为AT。2CHARLIEWASTAKING_HISSHIRTWHENTHEPHONERANG答疑编号506486040319【答案】OFF电话铃响的时候，CHARLIE正在脱他的衬衫。【解析】译文当电话铃声响的时候，CHARLIE正在脱衬衫。TAKEOFF是固定搭配，意为“脱掉”。答案为OFF。3THEBIRDSINTHEGARDENAREFIGHTING_APIECEOFBREAD答疑编号506486040320【答案】OVER公园里的小鸟们正在争抢一片面包。【解析】译文公园里的小鸟正在争夺一片面包。FIGHTOVER争夺、争吵，是固定搭配。FIGHTFOR为而战（竞争），一般用于比较正式的语境。例如为民族、国家而战等。本题的宾语为APIECEOFBREAD（一少块面包），用OVER比较合适。答案为OVER。4THECHILDRENAREALWAYSBICKERING_SOMETHINGOROTHER答疑编号506486040321【答案】ABOUT孩子们总是在为这样或者那样的事争吵。【解析】译文孩子们有事没事总是在争吵。BICKERABOUT为争吵，是固定搭配。答案为ABOUT。5HEWASACCUSEDOF_FAVORITISMTOPARTICULARSTUDENTS答疑编号506486040322【答案】SHOWING他因偏爱特殊的学生被投诉了。【解析】译文他被投诉，说他偏爱某些特殊学生。SHOWFAVORITISMTOSOMEBODY偏爱、偏宠某人，是固定搭配。答案为SHOWING。6WHENYOU_THEFINISHINGLINE,NOMATTERHOWSLOWORFASTYOUARE,ITWILLCHANGEYOURLIFEFOREVER答疑编号506486040323【答案】CROSS当你跨过终点线时，无论你是多么快或多么慢，都将永远改变你的一生。【解析】译文当你越过终点线的时候，无论你是快还是慢，都将永远地改变你的人生。空格中的词在句子中作谓语，因此应该填入动词形式，CROSSTHEFINISHINGLINE越过终点线，符合题意。结合句意，此处应使用一般过去式。答案为CROSS。BRIDGINGTHEGAPDIRECTIONSFILLINTHEBLANKSWITHAWORDORAPHRASETHATBESTCOMPLETESTHEPASSAGEYOUMAYCHOOSEASUITABLEONEFROMTHELISTGIVENFETCHHORRORSAFETYALIVEWITHREACHEDHARDLYCARESERIOUSLYGUNFIREINTHEFIRSTWORLDWAR,ANENGLISHSOLDIERWATCHEDINASHISLIFELONGFRIENDFELLUNDERAFTERTHEATTACKHADFAILEDANDEVERYONEHADRETREATED,THESOLDIERWENTTOASKPERMISSIONFROMTHELIEUTENANT（中尉）TOGOANDHISFRIENDFROMTHENOMANSLAND答疑编号506486040324【答案】HORRORGUNFIREFETCH【解析】INHORROR惊恐地，是介词短语，在句中修饰动词WATCH，同时根据空格后面句意，一生的好友死于炮火应该是恐惧的事情。答案为HORROR。FALLUNDER遭到，后面接不好的事或物，根据前面的关键词WAR可知，GUNFIRE（炮火）符合题意。答案为GUNFIRE。前文提到SOLDIER看到他的战友遭到炮轰倒下，因此撤退后他请示长官去寻找战友。AND连接GO及空格两个并列的动词，因此空格中应该填入一个动词的原形。答案为FETCH。THELIEUTENANTGAVEPERMISSION,BUTADDED,“ITSWORTHITYOURFRIENDISPROBABLYDEADANDYOUMAYDIETOO“答疑编号506486040325【答案】HARDLY【解析】根据空格后面中尉的话，即SOLDIER的朋友可能已经栖牲，而且SOLDIER也可能会牺牲，由此可知中尉的意思是不值得为了死人冒险，HARDLY几乎不，符合题意。答案为HARDLY。THESOLDIERDIDNOTABOUTTHEDANGERANDMIRACULOUSLY（奇迹般地）HEHISFRIEND,LIFTEDHIMONHISSHOULDERSANDSTUMBLEDBACKHEWASWOUNDEDINTHEPROCESS答疑编号506486040326【答案】CAREREACHED【解析】由空格后面可知，SOLDIER不顾危险找到了战友，NOTCAREABOUT不在意、不关心，是固定搭配。答案为CARE。通过空格后面的关健词LIFT以及STUMBLEBACK可知，SOLDIER找到了战友，即到达了战友的身边，REACH到达，符合题意。答案为REACHED。THELIEUTENANTHELPEDHIMTOANDNOTICEDTHESOLDIERSFRIENDWASDEAD答疑编号506486040327【答案】SAFETY【解析】根据前面中尉的HELP以及后面的NOTICE可知，中尉帮助SOLDIER到达安全的地方后，然后注意到SOLDIER的战友已经死了。SAFETY此处意为安全的地方。答案为SAFETY。“IMSORRYFORYOURFRIENDBUTITOLDYOUITWASNTWORTHITYOURFRIENDISDEADANDNOWYOUAREALSOWOUNDED“IHAVETODISAGREEYOUITWASWORTHIT“,THESOLDIERANSWERED“WHATEVERDOYOUMEAN“THELIEUTENANTASKED“ITWASWORTHIT“,THESOLDIERREPEATED“WHENIGOTTOMYFRIEND,HEWASSTILLANDSAIDJIM,IKNEWYOUWOULDNEVERLEAVEME“答疑编号506486040328【答案】SERIOUSLYWITHALIVE【解析】空格中的词修饰后面的动词WOUNDED（受伤），因此应该填入一个形容伤势的程度副词。SERIOUSLY严重地，符合题意。答案为SERIOUSLY。根据空格后面SOLDIER的回答ITWASWORTHIT可知，SOLDIER不同意中尉的观点，且DISAGREEWITH不同意某人，是固定搭配。答案为WITH。由空格后面的SAID可知，SOLDIER的战友在他到达时是活着的，且空格中的词在句中作表语成分。ALIVE活着的，符合题意。答案为ALIVE。【译文】在第一次世界大战时，有一个英国士兵惊恐地看到他一生的好友倒在炮火中。在攻击失利大家都撤退后，这个士兵请示他的长官（中尉）要去无人地带找回他的好友。中尉允许他去，但加上一句“你几乎不值得这样做，你的朋友大概已经死了而且你去了可能也会死。”这个士兵不顾危险奇迹般地找到了他的战友，并把他扛在自己肩上跌跌撞撞地返了回来。在此过程中他受了伤。中尉帮他到达安全地带，并且注意到这个士兵的战友已经死了。“我对你朋友的死表示遗憾但是我告诉过你这不值得。你的朋友死了，现在你也受了重伤。”“我不同意您的说法，这样做是值得的。”士兵回答道。“你到底什么意思”这个中尉问道。“这样做是值得的，”士兵重复说道。“当我找到他的时候，他还活着并且对我说JIM，我知道你绝不会丢下我不管的。”TRANSLATIONSECTIONADIRECTIONSTRANSLATETHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCESINTOENGLISH,USINGTHEWORDSORPHRASESINTHEBRACKETS1INOTICED_（他的态度发生了微妙的变化）（SUBTLE）答疑编号506486040329【答案】THESUBTLECHANGEINHISATTITUDE我注意到他的态度发生了微妙的变化。【解析】“态度”可用ATTITUDE表示。微妙的变化即SUBTLECHANGE。答案为THESUBTLECHANGEINHISATTITUDE。2THEYPAYCUT_（令员工十分愤懑）（BITTERNESS）答疑编号506486040330【答案】CAUSEDGREATBITTERNESSAMONGTHESTAFF他们消减工资令员工十分愤懑。【解析】空格前面为因，后面为果，因此应该用导致意思的短语，CAUSE导致，PAYCUT工资消减。答案为CAUSEDGREATBITTERNESSAMONGTHESTAFF。3SHEWAS_（趴在地板上到处寻找耳环）（ONONESHANDSANDKNEES）答疑编号506486040331【答案】LOOKINGFORHEREARRINGSONHERHANDSANDKNEES她趴在地板上到处寻找耳环。【解析】ONONESHANDSANDKNEES趴在地上，LOOKFOR寻找，且根据前面的WAS可知，应该用过去进行时。答案为LOOKINGFORHEREARNINGSONHERHANDSANDKNEES。4THEY_（渴望有机会访问上海）（LONGFOR）答疑编号506486040332【答案】LONGFORANOPPORTUNITYTOVISITSHANGHAI他们渴望有机会访问上海。【解析】LONGFOR后接SOMEBODY/SOMETHING或者LONGFORSOMEBODYTODO。答案为LONGFORANOPPORTUNITYTOVISITSHANGHAI。5ALTHOUGHATONEPOINTTHEIRVOICESWERERAISED,THEYSEEMEDTOBE_（相处融洽）（GETALONG）答疑编号506486040333【答案】GETTINGALONGWELLWITHEACHOTHER他们虽然在一点上提高了嗓音，但是看起来他们相互之间相处得还算融洽。【解析】GETALONGWITH与相处融洽，是固定搭配。根据空格前面的BE可知，GET应该转化为现在进行时形式GETTING。答案为GETTINGALONGWELLWITHEACHOTHER。SECTIONBDIRECTIONSTRANSLATETHEFOLLOWINGPARAGRAPHINTOCHINESEFRIENDSHIPSAREANIMPORTANTPARTOFAMANSLIFEFRIENDSARETHOSEYOUCANCOUNTONWHENTHECHIPSAREDOWNTHEYLLBACKYOUUPEVENWHENTHEWHOLEWORLDISAGAINSTYOUFRIENDSARETHOSEWHOWILLBUYYOUABEERORASODAWHENYOULOSEAJOBORYOURGIRLFRIENDDUMPSYOUWHILEMALEFRIENDSHIPLOOKSLIKEASIMPLERELATIONSHIP,ITSHISTORYISACTUALLYQUITEINTERESTINGANDCOMPLEXTHEVIRTUESOFDUTYANDLOYALTYHAVEREMAINEDTHESAMEGUIDINGPRINCIPLESINMALEFRIENDSHIPSTHROUGHOUTTIME答疑编号506486040334【参考译文】友谊是一个人一生中最重要的一部分。朋友是你在紧要关头可以依靠的人。甚至全世界都与你为敌时，朋友会在你背后支持你。朋友是当你失业了或者遭到女友抛弃时，能给你买杯啤酒或苏打水的人。尽管男性朋友之间的友谊看起来好像是简单的关系，实际上它的历史却相当有趣和复杂。忠诚和负责的高尚美德在整个交往时期，仍然是男性友谊的经久不变的指导准则。ORGANIZINGYOURIDEASDIRECTIONSPUTTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCESINTHEPROPERORDERSOTHATTHEYMAKEACOMPLETEPARAGRAPH1WENEEDTOBEABLETOSHAREOURDEEPESTSECRETSWITHSOMEONE,WITHOUTWORRYINGTHATTHOSESECRETSWILLENDUPONTHEINTERNETTHENEXTDAY2FAITHFULNESSANDLOYALTYAREKEYSTOTRUEFRIENDSHIP3WITHOUTTHEM,WEOFTENFEELBETRAYED,LEFTOUT,ANDLONELY4WEALLNEEDSOMEONEWITHWHOMWECANSHAREOURLIVES,THOUGHTS,FEELINGS,ANDFRUSTRATIONS5TRUSTISESSENTIALTOTRUEFRIENDSHIP6INTRUEFRIENDSHIP,THEREISNOBACKBITING,NONEGATIVETHOUGHTS,NOTURNINGAWAY7FAILINGTOBETRUSTWORTHYWITHTHOSEINTIMATESECRETSCANDESTROYAFRIENDSHIPINAHURRY答疑编号506486040335【答案】排列句子顺序5417236【解析】首先通读本篇小短文，掌握短文答疑即信任对真正友谊的重要性。然后根据关键词TRUST,FAITHFULNESS等可叙述顺序可以确定顺序。REFLECTINGONTHETEXTASTHESAYINGGOES,“TWOSCOMPANY,THREESACROWD“WHENWEMAKENEWFRIENDS,OURBESTFRIENDMAYFEELUNHAPPYWILLYOUSTICKWITHYOUROLDFRIENDANDGIVEUPMAKINGNEWFRIENDSORWILLYOUDESERTYOUROLDSTUBBORNFRIENDANDFINDOTHERGENEROUSFRIENDSMAKEYOURCHOICEANDSTATEYOURREASONS答疑编号506486040336【参考译文】俗话说“两人成伴，三人不欢。”当我们结交新朋友时，老朋友会觉得不高兴。你是力求保住老朋友放弃结交新朋友，还是抛弃顽固的老朋友并找到其他慷慨大方的朋友做出选择并说明原因。【写作思路】题目中给出了两种写作方向，学生可以从中择一或者综合二者的观点，下面列出简要的写作提纲。1列出自己的观点要保持与旧朋友的关系，同时结交新的朋友。2当问题出现时，自己如何处理。（1）不能因为有了新朋友就不再顾忌旧朋友（NEVERFORGETYOUROLDFRIENDS,KEEPINTOUCHWITHTHEM）。（2）要与新朋友友好相处，增进友谊（GETALONGWELLWITHNEWFRIENDS,STRENGTHENYOURFRIENDSHIP）。（3）可以让新旧朋友也彼此相识成为朋友（LETOLDANDNEWFRIENDSBECOMEFRIENDS）。3扩大自己的朋友圈子，丰富生活，相互帮助。TEXTBNEWWORDS1、CLAIMVTOSAYTHATSOMETHIN