2020届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷

.虹口区2019学年第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试高三英语 试卷2019.12. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Innovations that will change the classroom American schools are going high - tech. Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and learning, like chalkboards, pens, notebooks - even classrooms (21) _ - are quickly becoming outdated. As this week marks The Huffington Posts 10th anniversary, well take a look at some products that (22) _ (introduce) to classroom in the past decade and have the potential to change the educational landscape in the years (23) _ (come). 1. Remote Learning Some schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to technology. Rather than giving kids the day off (24) _ weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online. Although kids (25) _ (hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework and still interact with peers. Some students with medical conditions (26) _ “go” to school via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabled with video chat that they can control remotely. 2. eBooks Discovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original “techbooks” for six years. These “techbooks” can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, (27) _ allows some parents who dont speak English to help their kids with their homework. 3. Educational Games In-class gaming options have evolved to include more educational options. GlassLab creates educational games that are now being used in more than 6,000 classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-time updates on students progress as well as suggestions on (28) _ subjects they need to spend more time perfecting. The Internet and other digital tools have some drawbacks. Theyre often distracting, (29) _ most developments have exciting implications for the future. Over the last 10 years, technological innovations have made education more interactive, immediate and (30) _ (personalize), - and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. pleasurable B. alteration C. likelihood D. fortunately E. thickening F. immediate G. physically H. temporary I. shortness J. normalize K. weakened How do Cigarettes Affect the Body? Cigarettes arent good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Lets look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31) _ when we finally give up smoking. Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32) _ of infections as well as long - lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair - like tissues which keep the airways clean. Thats one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33) _ of breath. Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the (34) _ sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow. These effects on blood tubes lead to (35) _ of blood tube walls, increasing the possibility of heart attacks and strokes. Many of the chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36) _ in the bodys DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And its not just lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) _ bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions. But for those who quit smoking, theres a huge positive upside with almost (38) _ and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates (39) _. Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the bodys ability to repair DNA is once again restored. Theres no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety and depression. But fortunately, such effects are usually (40) _. Advice and support groups and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette - free. Thats good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health. . Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A Inc. is checking out of Chinas fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market. The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer _41_ its third - party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, A. _42_,domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform. The decision marks an end to a long _43_ by Americas e-commerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s, only to _44_ in the face of competition from Chinas faster - moving Internet giants. Amazon has been in talks to _45_ its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese competitor, NetEase Inc.s Kaola, in a stock - for - stock transaction（交易）, according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from _46_ e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those _47_, nor would they say if they are continuing. In a written statement, Amazon said it remained _48_ to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services. Amazon Chinas president would leave to take on another role within the company, the company said. The China consumer - business team will report _49_ to the companys global team. When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the _50_ of J, it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash - on - delivery as their to form of _51_. Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers looking for imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n) _52_ player in the booming Chinese e-commerce market. Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross - border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of 2018, versus NetEase Kaolas 25% _53_ and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.s Tmall International Chinese consumers are becoming more fascinated with _54_ brands. In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market researchs founder, said American e-commerce giants _55_ obstacles in China because they didnt offered the products or user experience that consumers were looking for. 41. A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor 42. A. As a result B. By contrast C. For example D. In addition 43. A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution 44. A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive 45. A. associate B. combine C. exchange D. supply 46. A. time - consuming B. long - suffering C. ever - lasting D. consumer - facing 47. A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions 48. A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed 49. A. automatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly 50. A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchase D. participation 51. A. refund B. payment C. sponsorshipD. trade 52. A. complicated B. critical C. original D. insignificant 53. A. share B. budget C. volume D. maximum 54. A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable 55. A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got through D. came across Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. English passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) People worry that developments in Artificial Intelligence, or A.I., will bring about a point in history when A. I. overtakes human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us. The situation may not arise for hundreds of years to come, but this doesnt mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, The A. I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to fundamentally transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created. Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the Computer Revolution, the A. I. revolution is not taking certain jobs and replacing them with other jobs. Instead, it is believed to cause a wide - scale elimination of jobs - mostly lower - paying jobs, but some higher - paying ones, too. This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together; enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done? Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools arent good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross - field” thinking. But these skills are typically required by high - paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower - paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, barmen, doormen - professions requiring human interaction. But how many barmen does a society really need? The solution to the problem of mass unemployment will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A. I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, helping at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at charity organization. The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future. Other volunteer jobs may be higher - paying and professional, such as compassionate medial service providers. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now. 56. In what aspect is the A. I. revolution different from the Industrial or the Computer revolution?A. The A.I. revolution will finally become one beyond humans control. B. A. I. is believed to lead to a point in history when it takes over human intelligence. C. Higher - paying jobs will take the place of lower-paying ones in the A.I. revolution. D. It may bring about mass unemployment to matter how much employees are paid. 57. The underlined word “promising” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _. A. promotional B. demanding C. guaranteed D. potential 58. What does the author suggest in the face of the A.I. revolution?A. It is sensible to encourage people to take volunteer jobs. B. People should be instructed to do less demanding jobs. C. The problem of job loss can be solved by creating lower-paying jobs. D. Jobs requiring knowledge in different fields are suitable for displaced workers. 59. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?A. The A.I. Revolution Creates New Job Opportunities. B. Challenges the A. I. Revolution Brings to Job Market. C. A Double - edged Sword: the A.I. Revolution. D. Interrelationship between A.I. and Unemployment. 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A. the HCR3 guarantees 100% refund if bought in pairsB. it will save consumers up to $20 for a pair of hearing aidsC. humans are pre - programmed to better hear with two earsD. people can hear triple better in various situation with two hearing aids(C) For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think tanks（自由主义智囊团）whose interests and beliefs are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space. Quoting successes isnt wrong, but for many people its not persuasive. What is typically declared to be the scientific method - develop a supposition, then design an experiment to test it - isnt what scientists actually do. Science is active so that new methods get invented and old ones get abandoned. The scientific method doesnt always work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesnt prove that the theory it was designed to test it true. If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the guarantee for trust in science? The answer is the methods by which those claims are evaluated. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a long process of examination by fellow scientists. Until this point, scientific feedback is typically fairly friendly. But the next step is different: once the paper is ready, it is presented to a scientific journal, where things get a whole lot tougher. Editors deliberately send scientific papers to people who are not friends or colleagues of the authors, and the job of the reviewer is to find errors or other inadequacies. We call this process “peer review” because the reviewers are scientific peers but they act in the role of a superior who has both the right and the obligation to find fault. It is only after the reviewers and the editor are satisfied that any problems have been fix