high-rise buildings of reinforced concrete structures based on strong binding site analysis and control of cracks in_184_第1页
high-rise buildings of reinforced concrete structures based on strong binding site analysis and control of cracks in_184_第2页
high-rise buildings of reinforced concrete structures based on strong binding site analysis and control of cracks in_184_第3页
high-rise buildings of reinforced concrete structures based on strong binding site analysis and control of cracks in_184_第4页
high-rise buildings of reinforced concrete structures based on strong binding site analysis and control of cracks in_184_第5页
已阅读5页，还剩2页未读， 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明：本文档由用户提供并上传，收益归属内容提供方，若内容存在侵权，请进行举报或认领

文档简介

HIGHRISEBUILDINGSOFREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURESBASEDONSTRONGBINDINGSITEANALYSISANDCONTROLOFCRACKSINABSTRACTWITHPRACTICALEXAMPLES,RESPECTIVELY,DISCUSSEDTHEHIGHRISEBUILDINGS,LARGEMULTITOWERCONSTRUCTIONANDAUTOMOTIVEFLOORRAMPOFREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURESSUCHASCONSTRAINTCONDITIONSINSTRONGDEFORMATIONANDCRACKDISTRIBUTIONCHARACTERISTICSOFSTRONGCONSTRAINTSONTHEPARTSOFTHEPROPOSALFROMCRACKSINREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURESBYSMALLCONSTRAINTS,TOENHANCESTIFFNESS,PRESTRESS,CONTROL,FLEXIBILITY,ETCOFCONCRETETECHNICALMEASURESTOCONTROLITKEYWORDSHIGHRISEBUILDINGSTRONGCONSTRAINTREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURECONCRETECRACKSSTRUCTURALSTIFFNESS1INTRODUCTIONHIGHRISEBUILDINGCRACKSINREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURESAREMANYREASONS,MAINLYBYTHETEMPERATUREOFDEFORMATION,SHRINKAGEDEFORMATION,ANDSOONTHEBASISOFNONUNIFORMDEFORMATIONCAUSEDBYSUBSIDENCEACCORDINGTORELEVANTSTATISTICS,THECRACKSCAUSEDBYTHEDEFORMATIONACCOUNTEDFORALMOSTALLTHECRACKSINMORETHAN80,OFWHICH,INTHESAMECONDITIONS,THESTRONGBINDINGSITEPROJECTSAGREATERPROBABILITYOFCRACKS,CRACKWIDERTHEDEFORMATIONOFSTRUCTURESSUBJECTTOCONSTRAINTSARISINGAFTERRESTRAINTSTRESS,WHENTHERESTRAINTSTRESSEXCEEDSTHETENSILESTRENGTHOFREINFORCEDCONCRETESTRUCTURES,WHENITCRACKS,ITISBOUNDBYTHESTRENGTHOFCRACKSONTHESTRUCTURESHAVEACONSIDERABLEIMPACTTWOHIGHRISEBUILDINGSTRUCTUREUNDERSTRONGCONSTRAINTSANALYSISOFDEFORMATIONANDCRACKHIGHRISEBUILDINGINTHEBASEMENTWALLPANELS,THESECONDFLOORBEAMS,ROOFTOPFLATSLABANDPARAPETWALLDUETOTHEROLEOFTHERMALSTRESSTHANTHECRACKSMOREEASILYUNDERNORMALCIRCUMSTANCES,WORKSINPRACTICEOFTEN,CRACKSINTHESEAREAS21BASEMENTBASEMENTWORKSBESTPARTOFITISPRONETOCRACKSINWALLPANELS,FLOORANDROOFCRACKSINTHEPROBABILITYOFSMALL,MAINLYDUETOHIGHRISEBUILDINGBASEMENTSTRUCTURESOFTENLONG,WALLPANELSBYTHEBASEMENTFLOOROFAPOWERFULCONSTRAINTBOUNDISFARMUCHLARGERTHANTHEBASEMENTFLOORANDTHEROOFSUFFEREDCONSTRAINTSTHEVASTMAJORITYOFWALLPANELSFORTHEVERTICALCRACKSCRACKS,THEMAJORITYOFSEWINGACONSIDERABLELENGTHANDHIGHWALLSATBOTHENDSDECREASESMOSTCRACKSAPPEARINTHEFORMREMOVALSOONAFTER,ANDSOMECHANGESWITHTHEAMBIENTTEMPERATUREGRADIENTRELATEDUNDERNORMALCIRCUMSTANCESASTHESURFACECRACKS,ANDSOMETIMESALSOTHROUGHTHECRACKS22THEUNDERLYINGSTRUCTUREHIGHRISEBUILDINGSFIRSTANDSECONDFLOORINTHEUPPERSTRUCTURE,SUFFEREDTHEBIGGESTCONSTRAINTBASEMENTWALLPANELSANDROOFTHICK,REINFORCEDINTENSIVE,THEBASEMENTOFTHESTRUCTUREITSELFBEINGTHEBASEMENTFOUNDATION,FLOOR,LATERALSOILCONSTRAINTS,SOTHEBASEMENTSTRUCTUREONTHEUPPERPARTOFATWOSTORYGREATRESTRAINTAHIGHRISEBUILDINGS,TWOSTORYSTRUCTURE,FLATSLABTRANSVERSECRACKSOFTENOCCUR,ESPECIALLYTHOSELOCATEDBETWEENTHETWOELEVATORSHAFTTHEELEVATORSHAFTUSINGTUBESTRUCTUREGIRDER,THETWOREINFORCEDCONCRETEBEAMSISALSOSIMPLIFIEDBYTHESTRONGCONSTRAINTS,THEACTUALPROJECTOFTENHAVEVERTICALCRACKS,CRACKS,GENERALLYLOCATEDUNDERTHEPLATEONBOTHSIDESOFBEAMS,SOMETIMESWITHCRACKSINTHEENDBEAMPASS,THESECRACKSAREUSUALLYSUPERFICIALCRACKS,DEPTHOF12CMORLESS23MIDDLELAYERSTRUCTURETHEMIDDLELAYEROFFLATSLABHIGHRISEBUILDINGSTRUCTURE,CRACKSARERARE,ONEMAINREASONISTHATTHECONSTRAINTSTHEYSUFFEREDLESS24TOPLEVELSTRUCTUREOFHIGHRISEBUILDINGFLOORSTRUCTURE,THEMOREBOTTOMUPCONSTRAINTSSUFFEREDBYTHESMALLER,ITSHORIZONTALDISPLACEMENTOFTHEGREATERMEETTHERESTRICTEDBYDEFORMATIONISSMALL,THEWEAKCONSTRAINTBIGDEFORMATIONRULETHEREFORE,THEFARTHESTAWAYFROMTHEBOTTOMOFTHEBASEBOUNDBYTHECONSTRAINTSSUFFEREDBYTHETOPSTRUCTUREOFTHESMALLEST,THELARGESTOFITSHORIZONTALDISPLACEMENTHOWEVER,THEABSENCEOFTOPLEVELUPPERBOUNDORCONSTRAINEDMINIMIZATIONSUCHASTHECONSTRAINTSONTHEIRROOFROOM,SUBJECTTOSTRUCTURALCONSTRAINTSOFLOWERCOMPAREDWITHTHEUPPERPARTOFAGREAT,ALONGWITHTOPLEVELSTRUCTURE,TEMPERATURECHANGES,GENERALLYTHINONTHEROOFSURFACETEMPERATURESENSITIVE,TOGETHERWITHROOFCORNERLESIONSWERESUBJECTTOTWOCONSTRAINTS,SOROOFEASYTOPRODUCEEIGHTSHAPEDCRACKSINTHECORNERAREATHEREAREALSOTHESOUTHSIDEOFTHEROOFBEAMSWEREALARGETEMPERATUREDIFFERENCEBETWEENSUNSHINE,SOTHESOUTHSIDEOFTHEVERTICALBEAMSAREALSOPRONETOCRACKS25ROOFPARAPETTHECONSTRAINTSOFTHEROOFPARAPETWALLANDBASEMENTPLATE,THETOPSTRUCTURALSIMILARITIESPARAPETOFTHELOWERBOUNDBYTHEGREAT,BUTONLYONTHEUPPERPARTOFTHEGENERALCONSTRUCTIONREQUIREMENTSASSETUPATOPBEAM,THEUPPERBOUNDISVERYSMALL,COUPLEDWITHPARAPETFORTHETHINWALLEDSTRUCTURE,TEMPERATURECHANGES,CANEASILYPRODUCESHRINKAGECRACKS3LARGEMULTIFLOORTOWERBUILDINGSTRUCTURESUNDERTHECONSTRAINTSINSTRONGDEFORMATIONANDFRACTUREANALYSISLARGEMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGFLOORCRACKSANDHAVEAGENERALFEATUREOFHIGHRISEBUILDINGS,BUTALSOHASITSOWNCHARACTERISTICSGREATFLOORWITHTHEBASEMENTFLOORBYFLOORINTHETOWERPARTOFTHELEVELOFCONSTRAINTSANDVERTICALCONSTRAINTSARELARGE,SOTHETOWERANDTHEPODIUMORSQUAREINJOINTSPRONETOCRACKS31LARGEFLOORFLOORGREATFLOORMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGISFREQUENTLYUSEDPILERAFTFOUNDATIONORAPILEBOXISCHARACTERIZEDBYDIFFERENCESINVERTICALLOAD,SOTHATTHETOWERANDTHEPODIUMORPLAZAPRODUCEDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENT,THISTYPEOFPILERAFTFOUNDATIONORAPILEBOXISCHARACTERIZEDBYATHICKBOTTOMHISFARLESSTHANTHELENGTHANDWIDTHDIMENSIONSL,WHENH/LISLESSTHANOREQUALTO02,THESUBSTRATETEMPERATUREUNDERTHEACTIONOFSHRINKAGEDEFORMATIONANDLEFTENDREGIONS,THEENTIRECROSSSECTIONOFPLATETENSILESTRESSISUNIFORMINTHEROLEOFDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENT,GROUNDBASEDCONSTRAINTS,THETOWERVERTICALFORCE,WILLOCCURTHELEVELOFNORMALSTRESS,THESTRESSISMAINLYCAUSEDBYVERTICALCRACKS,ESPECIALLYINTHEBOTTOMBEAMTHICKNESSORRIBPARTOFASMALLERPODIUMANDPLAZAAREPARTICULARLYVULNERABLETOCRACKINGGENERALTRANSVERSECRACKSISDUETOTHEROLEOFTHEUPPERPARTOFTHEUNEVENLOAD,LEADINGTOTHEFOUNDATIONANDFOUNDATIONSHOULIBUUNIFORM,INTHEDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENT,SHRINKAGEANDGROUNDFLOORUNDERTHEBINDINGRIGIDITYOFFLOORITSELFISNOTENOUGHTOREGULATETHEUNEVENABILITYOFTHEFORCEISWEAK,SUIPRODUCEDATRANSVERSECRACKDISTRIBUTIONALONGTHEBOTTOMDIAGONALDIAGONALCRACKS,THECRACKWIDTHISGENERALLYPRESENTATBOTHENDSOFTHEMIDDLESMALLZAOHESHAPE,WITHTHEMOREOBVIOUSCHARACTERISTICSOFTHESHEARDAMAGE,BUTALSOCONSTRAINTSINTHEDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENTANDFOUNDATIONUNDERTHEINFLUENCEOFTHESTIFFNESSOFTHEIRSUBSTRATEINADEQUATEGENERATEDSOMETIMESINTOWERSANDSQUAREJUNCTIONSOFTHECOLUMNSWILLAPPEARALONGTHECOLUMNROOTWASISHAPEDCRACKS,CRACKS,ANDFURTHERDEVELOPMENT,THEIWORDWASDIAGONALCORNERSDOWEHAVETODEVELOP,THELENGTHISGENERALLYMUCHSHORTER32BASEMENTROOFGREATFLOORMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGINTHEBASEMENTROOFPLANESIZESAREGENERALLYLARGE,LONGLENGTHOFEACHSIDE,THETEMPERATURECHANGECAUSEDBYSTRETCHINGANDSHRINKAGEOFCONCRETESOWNVALUESARELARGEQIANGZHUALARGENUMBEROFCONCRETETOWERSANDTHESHEARWALLSTRUCTUREISANIMPORTANTCOMPONENTOFANTILATERALFORCE,ANDITSPRESENCEHASGREATLYIMPROVEDTHESTRUCTUREOFTHEANTISWAYCAPABILITY,INCREASEROOFDEFORMATIONCONSTRAINTSASTHEROOFAROUNDTHETOWERSTRUCTUREBYTHESTRONGBINDING,WHILETHEMIDDLEPARTTHEREISALARGESQUARESPACE,SUBJECTONLYTOTHEBASEMENTOFTHEWEAKCONSTRAINTQIANGZHU,THEREFORESUBJECTTOTHECONSTRAINTSSURROUNDINGTHEROOFISFARGREATERTHANTHECENTRALPARTOFBEINGBOUNDBYTHESURROUNDINGSTRESSHASALSOBEENISFARGREATERTHANTHECENTRALPARTASTHETOWERROOFINTHEVICINITYOFSTRESSCONCENTRATION,SOHERETHEFIRSTCRACKSARISEASTHEPLANESIZEOFLARGE,LONGSTRUCTURE,ROOFGRADUALLYOTHERPARTSOFTHECRACKSINTHEROOFCENTERISVERYWEAKDUETOCONSTRAINTSINGENERALNOCRACKSTOWERPARTSOFTHEROOFSTRUCTUREBYTHEBASEMENTANDTHEUPPERBOUNDARERELATIVELYLARGE,WHEREASTHEIROWNFLATSLABSPANBOTHSMALLANDLARGECROSSSECTIONBEAMS,STIFFNESSISBETTER,INGENERALDOESNOTAPPEARCRACKS33BASEMENTWALLPANELSLARGEMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGBASEMENTFLOORWALLPANELSANDHAVEAGENERALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHEBASEMENTWALLPANELS,THEWALLPANELSBYTHETOWERSTRUCTUREDUETOTHESTRONGCONSTRAINTS,SOWALLPANELSANDHAVEACOMMONVERTICALCRACKSOUTSIDE,INTHESKIRTORSQUAREANDTHETOWERJUNCTIONISEASYTOPRODUCELARGECRACKS,VERTICALCRACKSINTHEGENERALWASSLIGHTLYOBLIQUE,CRACKSNEARTHETOPOFTHETOWER,THELOWERPARTNEARTHEPODIUMFOUROTHERSTRUCTURALCONSTRAINTSINSTRONGDEFORMATIONANDCRACKANALYSISUNDER41AUTORAMPMODERNBUILDINGSOFTENHAVEDIRECTACCESSTOTHESECONDFLOOROFTHEAUTOMOTIVEVEHICLERAMP,ALAYEROFUSUALLYASTHEGARAGELANEENDOFTHEFLOORWITHALAYERCONNECTEDTOTHEOTHERSIDEOFTHEBASEMENTISLOCATEDINOUTDOORNATUREBASEDORROOFONTHELAYOUTSHOWNINFIGURE1ASTHELANETOMAKEITSTRONGDIAGONALLAYOUTCONSTRAINTS,ESPECIALLYINTHEBASEMENTOFTHEROOFONTHEOTHERSIDEOFTHECASE,SOTHATGENERATEDPARALLELTOTHEHORIZONTALDRIVEWAYCRACKS,CRACKSOFTENCROSSCUTTINGNATURE42BACKSHAPEDSTRUCTURESOMEOFTHEWORKSDUETOTHENEEDFORTHEUSEOFDESIGNASWASBACKSHAPEINSIDEANDOUTSIDETWOREINFORCEDCONCRETESIMPLIFIED,TWOSIMPLIFIEDCONNECTIONBETWEENTHEUSEOFBEAMSLABWHENBOTHINTERNALANDEXTERNALSIMPLIFIEDCLOSERSPACING,THEBEAMSLABDEFORMATIONCONSTRAINEDBYAGREAT,EASYTOPRODUCECRACKSINTHEFLOORAPROJECTFORUNDERGROUNDLAYERSTRUCTURE,FROMBOTHINTERNALANDEXTERNALSIMPLIFIEDCONSTITUTE,INTHEMIDDLEOFNONROOFPOOL,SURROUNDEDBYAROOFFORTHEWALKWAY,CONCRETESTRENGTHGRADEOFC30SIMPLIFIEDINTERNALANDEXTERNALWALLTHICKNESSOF250MM,300MM,ROOFTHICKNESSOF120MM,ROOFREINFORCEMENTFORTHEUPPERANDLOWERDOUBLELAYERTWOWAY10MM150MMSTIFFNESSISRELATIVELYWEAKROOFSIMPLIFIEDSUBJECTTOCONSIDERABLECONSTRAINTSROOFCRACKSSHOWNINFIGURE2,INTHECORNERWAS45ANGULARDISTRIBUTION,INTHEMIDDLEWASTHEDIRECTIONPERPENDICULARTOTHESIMPLIFIEDLAYOUT5,STRONGBINDINGSITESOFREINFORCEDCONCRETETOPREVENTCRACKSINTHESTRUCTUREOFTECHNICALTREATMENTMEASURESSTRONGCONSTRAINTSAREBUILDINGANIMPORTANTCAUSEOFCRACKS,THEREARESTRONGCONSTRAINTSONTHECONSTRUCTION,SHOULDBETAKENTOREDUCETHECONSTRAINTS,TOENHANCESTRUCTURALRIGIDITY,PRESTRESSANDOTHERTECHNICALMEASURESTOEFFECTIVELYREDUCETHECRACKS51REDUCETHECONSTRAINTREDUCETHECONSTRAINTSTOFUNDAMENTALLYEASETHECRACKSTHESTRUCTUREOFLONGANDLARGEFLOORTOWERSTRUCTURECANBEUSEDAFTERTHEPOURINGZONE,EXPANSIONJOINTS,STRETCHINGTHEFULLRELEASEOFTHESTRESSOFCONCRETE,STRETCHINGTOTHESTRUCTURE,LEAVINGAREASONABLESPACERIGHTATTHEROCKOROLDCONCRETESTRUCTUREONTHEBASISORSETTHESLIDINGLAYERANDTHEUSEOFARTICULATEDPOINTMETHODSUCHASOBLIQUELANE,ITCANBELOCATEDATTHEOTHERENDWITHASLIDINGLAYEROFTHENATURALBASISREPOSTEDELSEWHEREINTHEPAPERFORFREEDOWNLOADHTTP/52TOENHANCERIGIDITYSTRENGTHENTHESTRUCTURESTIFFNESS,IMPROVETHEIROVERALLANTICRACKINGABILITYCONSTRAINEDAREAINSTRONGREINFORCEMENTTOIMPROVEANDREDUCETHEBARDIAMETERANDREINFORCEMENTSPACINGANDTOIMPROVETHESYNERGYBETWEENTHECONCRETEANDREINFORCEMENTTOIMPROVEANTICRACKINGABILITYSUCHASCANBESETUPINTHEBASEMENTWALLPLATEDARKBEAMSINSIGNIFICANTCHANGESINVERTICALLOADENCRYPTIONSTEELJOINTSTHESTRENGTHENINGOFLARGEMULTITOWERHIGHRISEBUILDINGBASEMENTFLOORFLOOROVERALLRIGIDITYANDENHANCEITSROLEINREGULATINGDIFFERENTIALSETTLEMENTANDCRACKINGCAPACITYSTRENGTHENINGOFCONCRETEMIXPROPORTIONDESIGN53PRESTRESSEDPRESTRESSEDSTRUCTURE,THEDEFORMATIONOFTHEDIRECTBINDINGANDREDUCETHEINTERNALFORCESGENERATEDDUETOCONSTRAINTSINORDERTOPREVENTSTRUCTURALCRACKINGTECHNOLOGYISESPECIALLYSUITABLEFORPRESTRESSEDFLOORSTRUCTURE,FLOORSTRUCTURE,WITHHORIZONTALCRACKSINTHEMAIN,VERTICALREINFORCEMENTCONFIGURATIONBECAUSETHEYHAVEASIGNIFICANTIMPACT,ANDCANBEUSEDINVERTICALMAINBEAMPRESTRESSEDTENDONSTOPRESTRESS54CONSTRUCTIONOFMEASURESSTRENGTHENTHECONSTRUCTION,GOODMAINTENANCEOFCONCRETEWORKTOMAXIMIZETHEACTUALSTRENGTHOFCONCRETESTRICTLYCONTROLTHETIMEAFTERTHEPOURINGZONEBLOCKING,SOTHATSUFFICIENTSTRESSOFCONCRETETIME6PROJECTS61EXAMPLE1HUNAN,APROJECTHASCONNECTEDINTOTHEBASEMENTANDTHEWHOLE,THEUPPERPARTOFTHEMAINBUILDINGBYSEVENHIGHLEVELCOMPOSITIONTHEENTIREPLANEWASABIGLSHAPED,TWOLONGSIDES,RESPECTIVELY,1535M,1336MMAINUSEOFFRAMESHEARWALLSTRUCTURESQUAREBASEMENTUSINGFRAMESTRUCTURE,COLUMNNETSPACING82MTHEREARETWOTHINGSINRESPECTOFEACHSYMMETRICALLAYOUTOFTHEMAINBUILDINGOFTHEELEVATORANDSTAIRWELLCONCRETECYLINDERBASEMENTWALLPANELSPRODUCEMOREVERTICALSURFACECRACKSPACINGINTHE34M,SPORADICCASESOFWATERSEEPAGENOOBVIOUSCRACKSINBASEMENTFLOORANDWATERSEEPAGEBASEMENTROOFHADAMOREOBLIQUE45CRACKSANDMOSTOFTHEMHAVETHEWATERLEAKAGE,CRACKS,MAINLYINTHESTRONGBINDINGSTRESSCONCENTRATIONAREAANDALARGEYINCORNER,ASSHOWNINFIGURE37TOCONNECTTHEMAINBUILDINGBETWEENTHETWOELEVATORS,STAIRSBETWEENTHESECONDFLOORBEAMSARECRACKSCRACKSINTHEBEAMWASVERTICALSIDEOFTHEDISTRIBUTIONOFTHEUPPERPLATECLOSETOTHEENDOFTHEBOTTOMBEAMPASSTOTHEENDOFTHEBOTTOMSIDEOFTHEINDIVIDUALBEAMSAREALSOCONNECTEDCRACKDEPTHOFLESSTHAN1CMTHESITEALSOHASTHREESMALLCRACKSINBEAMS,GIRDERSISNOTMORETHANFOURCRACKSFOUNDINTHEAREAASTHETOPEDGEBEAMREINFORCEMENTTOBESTRENGTHENED,ANDROOFCORNERSAREEQUIPPEDWITHUPPERANDLOWERRADIATIONTENDONS,ANDTHEREFOREFOUNDNOCRACKSINTHETOPLEVELSTRUCTURE62EXAMPLE2HUNANSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYPARKCOMPLEXBUILDINGANINDUSTRIALENGINEERINGANDCONSTRUCTIONAREAOF56100M2AGROUNDFLOOROFALAYEROF6FLOORS,STRUCTURE,LENGTHINCLUDINGCANTILEVEREDSTRUCTURETO3005MBASICUSEOFHANDDUGPILESANDBOREDPILES,FLOORTHICKNESSOF40CMSTRUCTUREFORTHEWHOLEFRAMESTRUCTUREINSITUCONCRETESTRENGTHGRADEOFC30TONGTOUSHIUPPERBUILDINGISDESIGNEDWITHFLOORTOLARGEROWOFTHEEXTERNALWALLSOFWINDOWS621BASEMENTCRACKCONTROL1REDUCINGTHECONSTRAINTSSETUPANEXPANSIONJOINTINTHE29AXISISDIVIDEDINTOEASTANDWEST2,EACHFLOORHASSETUPTWOAFTERTHEPOURINGZONE,ASSHOWNINFIGURE4SCHEMATICDIAGRAMOFTHEBASEMENTFLATBASEMENTFLOOR,WALLPANELS,OUTDOORROOFANDAFTERPOURINGOFCONCRETEAREUSEDWITHAMIXED10UEAHOFTHEMICROEXPANSIONOFCONCRETETOIMPROVECONCRETERESISTANCESCALABILITY2STRENGTHENINGTHESTIFFNESSBASEMENTFLOORANDTHEEXTERIORPANELSUNDERTHEPREMISEOFMEETINGTHEREQUIREMENTSOFSMALLANDDENSELONGITUDINALREINFORCEMENT18MM150MMFROMTOPTOBOTTOMFLOORREINFORCEDNETWORKCONFIGURATIONWALLTHICKNESSOF300MM,THELEVELOFRIBSISCONFIGUREDTO14MM150MMADMIXTUREOFFLYASH,EXPANSIONAGENT,ADDITIVESSUCHASCEMENTANDWATERTOREDUCECONSUMPTION,IMPROVETHECONCRETEULTIMATETENSILEVALUEYELLOWSANDUSEDINSAND,GRAVELUSINGACONTINUOUS525MMDIAMETERSLUMPOF12CM3CONSTRUCTIONCONTROLAFTERPOURINGINACCORDANCEWITHABLOCKBOUNDEDBYPOURINGINBATCHESTOENSURETHATEACHPIECEOFCONCRETETOTHEMAXIMUMHEATRELEASE,SOTHATCONCRETEWILLNOTFOCUSONTHELARGERSHRINKAGESTRESSSTRENGTHENTHECONSERVATION,ACCELERATETHEEARTHBACKFILLAFTERFILLINGWITHATIMEOFPOURINGOFCONCRETEPOUREDFORTHESTRUCTUREO
人人文库> 全部分类> 应用文书 > 项目管理

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

最新文档

评论

0/150

提交评论