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THERAPIDPROTOTYPINGMANUFACTURINGANDITSAPPLICATIONINMOLDINGMANUFACTURINGABSTRACTBYDISCUSSINGTHERAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYTHECRAFTPRINCIPLE,CHARACTERISTICOFTHEPROCESSES,FORMATIONANDTHEGENERALSITUATIONOFTHEDEVELOPOFFASTPROTOTYPEANDITSAPPLICATIONINMOLDING,POINTOUTTHETECHNIQUECANFORMAKINDOFAPROCESSSYSTEMOFEXTENSIVEAPPLICATIONANDNOVEL,ANDITSFOREGROUNDISVASTKEYKKKWORDSRAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGY；MOLDINGMANUFACTURING；DEVELOPMENTOFPRODUCTRAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYISANEWTYPEOFMULTIDISCIPLINARYINTEGRATEDMANUFACTURINGTECHNOLOGYAFTERTHE1980S,FOLLOWINGTHEAPPLICATIONOFCOMPUTERAIDEDDESIGN,PRODUCTSHAPEANDDESIGNCAPABILITIESHAVEGREATLYIMPROVED,HOWEVER,PRODUCTDESIGNHASCOMPLETED,PRODUCTION,ASYSTEMMUSTBEDESIGNEDTOCONVEYTHECONCEPTOFSAMPLES,RAPIDFEEDBACKTOPRODUCTDESIGN,PRODUCTDESIGNANDASSESSTHEFEASIBILITY,ANDFEASIBILITYSTUDIESTHEINCREASINGLYFIERCECOMPETITIONINTHEMARKETTODAY,THETIMEISEFFECTIVETOENHANCETHECOMPETITIVENESSOFPRODUCTS,FROMPRODUCTDEVELOPMENTTOVOLUMEPRODUCTIONOFTHEWHOLEPROCESSAREURGENTLYREQUIREDTOREDUCECOSTSANDINCREASESPEEDRAPIDPROTOTYPETECHNOLOGYAPPEARANCEPROVIDESANEFFECTIVESOLUTIONTOTHISPROBLEMWHICHMUCHATTENTIONATHOMEANDABROAD1THEBASICPRINCIPLEOFRAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYTHERPISTHEGENERICNAMEOFTHEPRINCIPLECREATIONPRODUCTPROTOTYPETHATUSESTHELONGLOSTLAYERING,ITSPRINCIPLEISPRODUCECADMODEL�STRATIFIEDSEPARATED�ACCORDINGTOTHEPLANGEOMETRYINFORMATIONWHICHISDISPERSEDTOPILEUPTHEORIGINALMATERIAL�GENERATINGENTITYMODELSTHISTECHNOLOGYINTEGRATESOFCOMPUTERTECHNOLOGY,LASERPROCESSINGTECHNOLOGY,NEWMATERIALTECHNOLOGY,RELYINGONCADSOFTWAREINTHECREATIONOF3DCOMPUTERMODELSENTITIES,ANDISDIVIDEDINTOASERIESOFPLANEGEOMETRYINFORMATIONTOCONTROLTHESCANNINGLASERBEAMDIRECTIONANDSPEED,USINGSINTER,POOLINGORCHEMICALREACTIONMEANSEXHAUSTIVESELECTIVEPROCESSINGOFRAWMATERIALS,THUSRAPIDACCUMULATIONMANUFACTUREPRODUCTSENTITIESMODELS2THECHARACTERISTICSOFRAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYRAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYBREAKSTHETRADITIONALWAYTOPRODUCESPAREPARTSOF“ROUGHCAST�SLICETOPARETOPROCESS�FINISHED”,NEEDLESSCUTLERYCREATEDTHEFIRSTPRODUCTIONOFSPAREPARTS,ISANUNPRECEDENTEDLAMINAREDUCINGPROCESSINGMETHODSCOMPARINGTOTRADITION,THEFASTPROTOTYPEPROCESSESTHEFOLLOWINGADVANTAGE1PRODUCETHESPAREPARTSOFTHECURVEDFACEANDMORECOMPLICATEDAPPEARANCEQUICKLY,SUCHASSHOULDERWITHINSPAREPARTSANDHOLLOWANDPARTSOFETCS,CONSUMEDLYLOWEREDTHEDEVELOPMENTCOSTOFTHENEWPRODUCTANDDEVELOPMENTPERIOD2ISANONCONTACTPROCESSING,MACHINETOOLCUTTINGPROCESSINGISNECESSARYCUTLERYANDJIGWITHOUTCUTLERYWEARANDCUTTINGFORCE3WITHOUTVIBRATION,NOISEANDSLICETOPARETHEWASTE4CANCARRYOUTTHENIGHTTIMEOVERFULLAUTOMATICPRODUCTION5PROCESSWITHHIGHEFFICIENCY,PRODUCESTHEARTICLEENTITYMODELANDMOLDINGTOOLSQUICKLYTHEFORMFOLLOWSTHECOMPARISONOFTHEMETHODFORTHERAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYANDTRADITIONCOMPARISONTHEITEMPROCESSINGTECHNOLOGYTHETOOLMACHINESLICESTOPARETOPROCESSRPLIGHTSHAPEMETHODPROCESSTHEMETHODOFPROCESSDOAWAYWITHTHESURPLUSMATERIALPROCESSFOLDTHELAYERPROCESSTHEOBJECTOFPROCESSSOLIDLIQUID,PORTRAIT,POWDERTOOLTHETOOLOFSLICETOPARELIGHTBEAMMINIMUMPROCESSINGUNITSDOT’SDIAMETERISABOUT1ΜMSTRIANGLESOF200ΜMSLONGPRODUCTIONOFSPAREPARTSTHELEASTPROCESSESCOMETOGETHERTHEBODYOFTHEUNITTHELEASTPROCESSESCOMETOGETHERTHEBODYOFTHEUNITTHERPANDTRADITIONSSLICETOPARETHEMETHODCOMPARISONSHEET3THEDEVELOPOFRPRAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYCONCEPTTHATTHECONCEPTRPRAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYCOULDBEBACKTO1979THEPROFESSOFZHONGCHUANWEIXIONGINPRODUCEANDTECHNIQUEINSTITUTEOFJAPANESEUNIVERSITYOFTOKYOINVENTTHEMETHODOFFOLDTHELAYERMODEL,THEXIAOYUXIUNANPUTFORWARDTHELIGHTSHAPEMETHODAGAININ1980,AFTERTHECONCEIVEPUTFORWARD,ITWASCONTINUEDTOSTUDYIN1984BYWANGUYANGER,ANDCARRIEDONTOPRODUCEMANUFACTUREONATRIALBASISIN19871988,THEUNITEDSTATESRAPIDLYPROTOTYPE3DSYSTEMSCORPORATIONWASTHEFIRSTTOINTRODUCEPRACTICALDEVICESLASERTHREEDIMENSIONALSHAPESTHATSLASTEREOLIGHTGRAPHYAPPARATUS,ANDANNUALSALESGROWTHRATE3040INCREASEINTHEWORLDMARKETINRECENTYEARS,WITHINCREASINGPERFORMANCESCANNINGAMIRROR,ANDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFMATERIALSSCIENCEANDCOMPUTERTECHNOLOGY,RAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYMATURES,ANDIN1994TOPROMOTEUNIVERSALACCESSTOTHEFORMALSTAGEINACCORDANCEWITHTHEPATTERNSANDMATERIALSUSEDINTHEDIFFERENTTYPESOFRAPIDPROTOTYPINGTECHNOLOGYCURRENTLYHASTHEFOLLOWINGFOURTYPES31SOLIDIFICATIONRESINMATERIALSUSINGLASERLIGHTSHAPESLAWTHELIGHTSHAPEEQUIPMENTISEXCELLENTWITHAPRODUCTOFTHE3DSYSTEMSCOMPANYOFTHEUNITEDSTATES,ANDTHEFORMATIONOFAMONOPOLYFIGURE1SHOWSTHEOPERATINGPRINCIPLESISSUEDBYTHELASERLIGHT,THEOPTICALSYSTEMTOCOMPILEINTOASMALLBEAM,THEBEAMINTHECOMPUTERCONTROLLED,SELECTIVESCANNINGRESINSURFACE,USINGANULTRAVIOLETRESINFROZENMECHANISMS,ALAYEROFSOLIDIFICATIONRESIN,EACHLAYEROFSOLIDIFICATION,PRECISIONWORKSTATIONSINADISTANCEWITHTHENEWLAYEROFSURFACEGEOMETRICINFORMATIONTOTHELASERSCANNERFORSCANNINGREADING,SOLIDIFICATIONOFTHENEWLAYEROFRESINANDFIRMLYSTICKTOTHEPREVIOUSLAYERHASSOLIDIFICATIONRESIN,SOREPEATEDLYUNTILTHEPRODUCTIONOFSPAREPARTSENTITIESGENERATEDAMODELTHELASERSTEREOSCOPICSHAPEMANUFACTURINGACCURACYCANREACHTHE01MMS,MAINLYUSEDTOPROVIDETHESAMPLEANDTHEEXPERIMENTMODELSFORTHEPRODUCTINADDITION,THESOLIFORMOFTHEJAPANESESYSTEMMACHINEDEVELOPEDCANMANUFACTURETOINJECTTOMODELTHEMOLDINGTOOLANDVACUUMMOLDINGTOOLSDIRECTLYFIGURE1STEREOSCOPICLIGHTSHAPETECHNIQUEPRINCIPLEDIAGRAM32THEPAPERFOLDSTHELAYERSHAPEMETHODTHEPAPERFOLDSTHELOMTHATTHELAYERSHAPEMETHODDEVELOPSWITHTHEHELISYSCOMPANYCURRENTLYAPPLICANTMOSTWIDELYTHEDEVICESUSEDFORROLLERPAPERFROMTHEPAPERHEATINGROLLERCYLINDERSCONNECTIVITY,ANDTHENUSINGTHELASERTOCUTPAPER,THEQUESTIONHEATINGROLLERCYLINDERSAUTOMATICALLYLEAVE,THEPAPERWILLBEREADYBYLASERLEVELREQUIREMENTSINTOSHAPE,ASSHOWNINFIGURE2FIGURE2PRINCIPLEDIAGRAMOFTHEPAPERFOLDSTHELAYERSHAPETHELOMCANMANUFACTURESOMELARGESPAREPARTSANDTHETHICKWALLKINDPIECESOFTHEHARDCREATIONWITHLIGHTSSHAPEMETHODANDCREATECOSTISCHEAPABOUTFORTHELIGHTSHAPEMETHODOF1/2,THESPEEDISHIGHABOUTMANUFACTURETIMEFORTHEWOODMOLDOFBELOW1/5,ANDCANSIMPLYANALYTICTHEDESIGNCONCEIVEOUTLINEANDFUNCTION33MELTDOWNSHAPEMETHODSTHEMELTDOWNSHAPEMETHODISMOSTEXTENSIVEUSEDWITHTHEPRODUCTFDMWHICHISDEVELOPEDINAMERICANSTRATASYS,THEFUSEDDEPOSITIONMODELING,WHENITISWORKING,THEPLASTICSMATERIALWITHHOTEXTRUSIONSPRAYEDDIRECTLYBYSPRINKLERHEADCONTROLLEDBYCOMPUTERCOMBINETOLAYERTOCREATEANENTITYMODELFROMBOTTOMTOTOPACCORDINGTOSEVERALINFORMATIONOFLEVELTHEBIGGESTCHARACTERISTICSINFDMTECHNICALISAQUICKGENERALTHEMODELNEEDSEVERALHOURSANDCANIMMEDIATELYMODELANDFREEFROMPOLLUTION,TOGETTHEEXTENSIVEAPPLICATIONINPROTOTYPE,DEVELOPANDCASTWAXMOLEANDSOON34HOTANDFICTILESHAPEMETHODSTHEHOTANDFICTILESHAPEMETHODBURNSTHEKNOTWITHTHESELECTIVITYLASEROFTHEDTMCOMPANYDEVELOPMENTNAMELYTHESLSTHESELECTIVELASERSINTERINGAPPLICATIONISTHEMOSTTHATMETHODISAWAYMANUFACTUREKINDPIECETHATBURNSWITHTHECO2LASERMACHINECONTROLSBYTHECALCULATOR,CARRYONSCANNINGONTHEMATERIALPOWDERACCORDINGTOSEVERALINFORMATIONFORFACESOFSEVERALPIECESWITHHORIZONTALEACHLAYEROFTHEBODY,THEPOWDERISSCANNINGBYLASERANDSOLIDIFYTOGETHERTHEN,SPREADUPANEWPOWDEROFLAYER,THENSCANTOBURNTHEKNOTWITHTHELASER,THUSAGAINANDAGAIN,KEEPTOGOTOMAKETHEKINDPIECEWHICHNEEDEDASFIGURE3SHOWSFIGURE3THEPRINCIPLECHARTOFSELECTIVITYLASERSINTERINGTHESLSTECHNIQUESHAPESPEEDISFASTGENERALWARE,NEEDONEORTWODAYSTOCOMPLETE,THESHAPEACCURACYISHIGHTHEMINIMUMTHICKNESSOFEACHLAYERPOWDERISABOUT007MMS,THELASERDYNAMICSTATEACCURACYCANREACHTHE009MMS,ANDHAVETHEAUTOMATICLASERREPAIRFUNCTION,THEPROTOTYPESTRENGTHISHIGHGATHERITSBENTSTRENGTHOFTHECARBONICACIDFATANDCANAMOUNTTOTHE345MPA,THENYLONCANREACH55MPA,THEREFORE,CANCARRYONFUNCTION’SEXPERIMENTANDASSEMBLETHEEMULATIONWITHTHEPROTOTYPE,TOOBTAINTHEBESTCURVEDFACETOMATCHWITHTHEOBSERVATIONTHECONDITIONDEVELOPANDAPPLIEDASPECTTECHNICALLYINRP,THEUNITEDSTATESANDJAPANSARETHEBESTINHUAZHONGUNIVERSITYDEVELOPSTWOKINDSOFMODELSYSTEMMACHINEHRPANDRPSSWHICHISRESEARCHTOMANUFACTUREIN1994SUCCESSFULQUICKLY,HAVEALREADYENTEREDTHECOMMODITYMARKETCURRENTLY,BEAPPLIEDINTHEPROFESSIONSEXTENSIVELY,SUCHASAUTOMOBILE,TOY,AVIATIONAEROSPACE,SHIPBUILDINGANDTHESOLDIERWORKETC4THEAPPLICATIONOFTHERPINMOLDINGMANUFACTURE41MAKINGTHEMOLDFOUNDRYFASTPUTTHESPAREPARTCADMODELCONVERSETOFASTMETHOD,PRODUCEMETALSPAREPARTSQUICKLYACCORDINGTOEACHLAYERSHAPEOFFACETOFORCERAMICMOLDANDTHENACCORDTOFASTMETHODINADDITION,CANCARRYOUTTHEORIGINALMOLDTHATTHEFASTPROTOTYPETECHNIQUEMANUFACTURESACONDUCTANDACTIONSFOUNDERMOLDINGTOOL,SPAREPARTSOFFASTCAST,ITSPROCESSISDESIGNTHESPAREPARTSCAD3D�THECALCULATIONHYDRODYNAMICSANALYSISCFD�THELOMMODELMANUFACTURING�CASTTHEMETALSSPAREPARTS42FASTMOLDINGTOOLMANUFACTURINGTHETRADITIONALMOLDINGTOOLMANUFACTURINGMETHODPERIODISLONG,THECOSTISHIGH,ASETOFSIMPLEPLASTICSMOLDINGTOOLISWORTHABOVE100,000DOLLARSANYERROROFDESIGNREFLECTSTHEMOLDINGTOOLMAKETHELOSSTHATCAN’TBERETRIEVEDFASTPROTOTYPETECHNIQUECANAHEARTANDBODIESOFTHEACCURATEMANUFACTUREMOLDINGTOOL,ALSOCANUSEDFORINJECTINGPROCESSTOPRODUCEMANUFACTUREPLASTICSPIECEDIRECTLY,FORTHEPURPOSEOFDETECTIONANDTHEMISTAKETHATRECTIFYTOAPPEARTHECENTEROFNATIONALENGINEERINGINAMERICANIDAHOANDENVIRONMENTSEXPERIMENTADOPTTHEFASTCONCRETIONCRAFTNAMELYTHETECHNIQUEOFRSPCARRIEDOUTTHEFASTANDECONOMYOFTHEPLASTICSMOLDINGMANUFACTURETHATMETHODADOPTFASTPROTOTYPETECHNIQUE
