图书管理系统的设计与实现—计算机毕业设计(论文)

图书管理系统的设计与实现目录一、序言4二、需求分析说明书421系统介绍422系统面向的用户群体423系统的功能性需求424系统的非功能性需求5241用户界面需求5242软硬件环境需求5243软件质量需求5三、可行性分析报告531技术可行性532人员可能性533时间、设备可能性534系统工作量535代码工作量536文档要求5四、开发环境与项目规划541开发环境542项目规划与管理5421开发人员安排5422开发进度安排6五、软件界面设计标准与规范651编写目的652界面设计思想653界面设计原则654界面设计样式655常见提示信息样式656常见错误信息样式757其他界面约定7六、软件编码设计标准与规范761对象命名约定762常量和变量命名约定863结构化编码约定864数据源的约定965数据库访问约定966其他约定9七、数据库分析与设计1071数据库环境说明1072数据库命名标准与规范1073数据库逻辑设计1074数据库物理设计10741表、视图汇总10742各表、视图设计详解11八、软件体系结构设计说明书1581系统概述1582设计约束1583设计策略1584系统概要设计说明书16841图例说明16842系统总体结构图1685系统详细设计说明书17851系统模块汇总17852系统核心模块详解18853系统模块详解28九、用户界面设计报告4291界面设计规范4292系统窗体汇总4293主界面设计4394子界面设计4395界面资源设计44十、软件测试分析报告44101测试范围与主要内容44102测试方法44103测试报告44104改进建议与措施45十一、软件使用说明书45111软件概述45112使用说明451121系统登陆451122系统退出461123图书类别管理461124图书信息管理481125查询图书信息481126读者类别管理491127读者信息管理491128查询读者信息501129借书管理5011210还书管理50参考资料51一、序言图书管理系统的设计与推出是多方面原因促成的，比如学校的图书管理，日常管理工作都是人工操作，历史数据很难保存和利用。而其他的小型图书馆大多如此。针对这种状况，我计划开发一个面向小型图书馆的图书管理系统，实现对人员、物流的全面管理，以帮助这些图书馆早日实现书店管理信息化。为了系统的顺利开发和维护，特编制如下技术文档二、需求分析说明书21系统介绍本系统定位于小型图书馆，暂时考虑单机环境下的实现；操作系统选择目前常用的WINDOWS98/2000。系统性质为MIS（管理信息系统）或财务软件。本系统采用会员制管理，系统功能应包含图书管理、读者管理、图书借阅管理、系统管理等。系统界面力求简洁、易用，在标准化的基础上考虑界面的美观和新颖。22系统面向的用户群体系统面向小型图书馆，用户群体为这些图书馆的学生、老师或者工作人员等。23系统的功能性需求功能序号功能名称功能说明1图书管理包含图书类别、信息管理、查询图书信息等2读者管理管理包含读者类别、读者信息、查询读者信息等3图书借阅管理包含借书管理、还书管理4系统管理系统退出24系统的非功能性需求241用户界面需求简洁、易用、易懂，美观、大方、标准，具备一定的兼容性。242软硬件环境需求软件环境兼容当前主流操作系统WINDOWS95/98/NT/ME/2000/XP等。硬件环境386以上计算机。243软件质量需求易用、健壮、兼容性好、运行稳定、有一定安全保障。三、可行性分析报告31技术可行性系统的性质为MIS或财务软件，因而数据库的设计与操纵是系统设计的核心。我在2005年6月至2005年7月曾经成功完成了“图书管理系统“的开发，具备一定的系统分析与设计能力，熟悉数据库的设计与操纵；因而该系统的实现在技术上是可行的。32时间、设备可能性系统设计与开发工作预计耗时一个星期。实验设备如计算机。33代码工作量预计需7天左右。34文档要求依据国家计算机软件产品开发文件编制指南和管理信息系统基础与开发技术的理论与原则编制标准的软件技术文档。四、开发环境与项目规划41开发环境前台开发环境MICROSOFTVISUALBASIC60后台数据库环境MICROSOFTACCESS2000/200242项目规划与管理11月29日至11月30日系统分析，进行需求定义，定义系统概况11月1日至12月2日数据库分析与设计12月3日至12月4日软件体系结构设计12月5日至12月6日软件编码12月6日至12月6日系统测试五、软件界面设计标准与规范51编写目的制定界面设计标准规范的目的是为了规范和统一软件界面设计制定软件界面设计标准与规范。52界面设计思想首先考虑标准化，在标准化的基础上进行界面的美工设计。53界面设计原则简单易用、简洁明了、兼容性好、标准、规范。54界面设计样式采用简单的界面图1系统界面六、软件编码设计标准与规范61对象命名约定对象名对象类型命名约定（前缀码）FORM窗体FORMCOMMAND按钮COMMANDLABEL标签LABELTEXTBOX文本框TEXTBOXCOMBOBOX组合框COMBOBOXLISTBOX列表框LISTBOXADODB数据库访问对象ADODBDATAGRID数据表格显示组件DATAGRIDFRAME框架FRAMEOPTION单选框OPTIONCHECKBOX复选框CHECKBOXCOMMONDIALOG通用对话框组件COMMONDIALOGMENU菜单MENU62结构化编码约定编码应清晰、可读性好，运用缩进、空行，结合大小写区别等方法保持程序结构良好。凡与数据库操作相关的模块一律加上容错代码，涉及多表操作的模块应运用“事务”处理，以保持数据完整性。编码风格参照下例进行PRIVATESUBCMDCANCEL_CLICK设置全局变量为FALSE不提示失败的登录LOGINSUCCEEDEDFALSEMEHIDEENDSUBPRIVATESUBCMDOK_CLICK检查正确的密码IFTXTPASSWORD“USER“THEN将代码放在这里传递成功到CALLING函数设置全局变量时最容易的LOGINSUCCEEDEDTRUEMEHIDEFORM1SHOWELSEMSGBOX“无效的密码，请重试“,“登录“TXTPASSWORDSETFOCUSSENDKEYS“HOMEEND“ENDIFENDSUB63数据源的约定需用数据源的组件如DATAGRID一律采用ADODB控件。有特殊需求的情况如身份验证应引用DAO数据访问对象。64数据库访问约定数据库引擎采用MICROSOFTJETOLEDB40，由ADODB组件进行数据库的访问，并为其他组件提供数据源。特殊情况、身份验证等由DAO访问数据库。65其他约定无需数据显示的情况由DAO提供数据库支持，有数据显示的情况由ADODB组件提供数据库支持。七、数据库分析与设计71数据库环境说明考虑该系统的定位与现有技术力量,决定采用MICROSOFTACCESS2000/2002作为系统的后台数据库开发环境。72数据库命名标准与规范说明下表所列为数据库及各表的命名方法，具体信息请参阅741表、视图汇总。名称类型命名办法约定DB1系统数据库字母表基本表汉字或字母查询查询汉字字段字段汉字或字母73数据库逻辑设计图4数据库逻辑结构图74数据库物理设计USER用户ID读者信息读者类别图书管理图书类别BOOK图书信息读者表图书借阅借书还书查询图书图书编号741表视图/表名类型说明DZLB基本表读者类别信息DZXX基本表读者信息JYXX基本表借阅信息SJXX基本表书籍信息TSLB基本表图书类别信息742各表设计详解说明空缺位置表示无要求，主键在约束栏注明。基本表DZLB字段类型长度格式约束种类名称文本50主键借书数量数字长整型借书期限数字长整型有限期限备注基本表DZXX字段类型长度格式约束读者姓名文本50主键读者编号文本50主键性别文本2读者类别文本50工作单位文本50家庭住址文本50电话号码文本12登记日期日期/时间已借书数量数字长整型基本表JYXX字段类型长度格式约束借阅编号自动编号长整型主键读者编号文本50读者姓名文本50书籍编号文本50书籍名称文本50出借日期日期/时间还书日期日期/时间基本表SJXX字段类型长度格式约束图书编号文本50主键书名文本50类别文本50作者文本250出版社文本出版日期日期/时间登记日期日期/时间是否被借出文本2基本表TSLB字段类型长度格式约束类别名称文本50主键类别编号文本50八、软件体系结构设计说明书81系统概述在单机环境下进行系统安全的考虑，有必要进行用户权限的划分与控制，因而系统在总体上应包含安全子系统之下的各类用户工作环境。用户权限的合理划分与有效控制是本系统体系结构设计的核心。82设计约束系统将实现人员、物流的全面管理，而物流管理是系统的核心部件，怎样实现二者的共存，互不干扰，是本系统设计的难点。本系统必须实现对用户权限的有效合理控制。83系统概要设计说明书831图例说明1处理过程2数据流单向3数据流（双向）832系统总体结构图图10系统总体结构图833图书管理流程图过程、模块读者管理图书管理系统图书管理图书借阅管理退出系统图书类别管理图书信息管理查询图书信息读者类别管理读者信息管理查询读者信息借书管理还书管理添加借书信息查询借书信息图11图书管理流程图834读者管理流程图图12读者管理流程图835图书借阅流程图图13图书借阅流程图84系统详细设计说明书841系统核心模块详解全局变量定义OPTIONEXPLICITPUBLICCONNASNEWADODBCONNECTIONPUBLICSELECT_MENUASSTRINGPUBLICUSERIDASSTRING读者管理读者类别管理读者信息管理查询读者信息图书借阅管理借书管理图书类别图书信息查询图书息读者管理图书管理还书管理添加借书信息查询还书信息PUBLICUSERPOWASSTRINGPUBLICBOOK_NUMASSTRINGPRIVATESUBCMDCANCEL_CLICK设置全局变量为FALSE不提示失败的登录LOGINSUCCEEDEDFALSEMEHIDEENDSUBPRIVATESUBCMDOK_CLICK检查正确的密码IFTXTPASSWORD“USER“THEN将代码放在这里传递成功到CALLING函数设置全局变量时最容易的LOGINSUCCEEDEDTRUEMEHIDEFORM1SHOWELSEMSGBOX“无效的密码，请重试“,“登录“TXTPASSWORDSETFOCUSSENDKEYS“HOMEEND“ENDIFENDSUBB窗体名FORM1代码PRIVATESUBA11_CLICKFORM2SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBA12_CLICKFORM3SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBA13_CLICKFORM4SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBB11_CLICKFORM5SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBB12_CLICKFORM6SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBB13_CLICKFORM7SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBC12_CLICKFORM4SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBC13_CLICKFORM9SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBC15_CLICKFORM10SHOWENDSUBPRIVATESUBEXIT_CLICKENDENDSUB窗体名FORM2代码PRIVATESUBCOMMAND1_CLICKONERRORGOTOCOMMAND1ERRORCOMMAND2ENABLEDFALSECOMMAND3ENABLEDFALSECOMMAND1ENABLEDFALSECOMMAND4ENABLEDTRUECOMMAND5ENABLEDTRUEDATAGRID1ALLOWADDNEWTRUEDATAGRID1ALLOWUPDATETRUEEXITSUBCOMMAND1ERRORMSGBOXERRDESCRIPTIONENDS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