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英文原文WAREHOUSEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSWMSTHEEVOLUTIONOFWAREHOUSEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSWMSISVERYSIMILARTOTHATOFMANYOTHERSOFTWARESOLUTIONSINITIALLYASYSTEMTOCONTROLMOVEMENTANDSTORAGEOFMATERIALSWITHINAWAREHOUSE,THEROLEOFWMSISEXPANDINGTOINCLUDINGLIGHTMANUFACTURING,TRANSPORTATIONMANAGEMENT,ORDERMANAGEMENT,ANDCOMPLETEACCOUNTINGSYSTEMSTOUSETHEGRANDFATHEROFOPERATIONSRELATEDSOFTWARE,MRP,ASACOMPARISON,MATERIALREQUIREMENTSPLANNINGMRPSTARTEDASASYSTEMFORPLANNINGRAWMATERIALREQUIREMENTSINAMANUFACTURINGENVIRONMENTSOONMRPEVOLVEDINTOMANUFACTURINGRESOURCEPLANNINGMRPII,WHICHTOOKTHEBASICMRPSYSTEMANDADDEDSCHEDULINGANDCAPACITYPLANNINGLOGICEVENTUALLYMRPIIEVOLVEDINTOENTERPRISERESOURCEPLANNINGERP,INCORPORATINGALLTHEMRPIIFUNCTIONALITYWITHFULLFINANCIALSANDCUSTOMERANDVENDORMANAGEMENTFUNCTIONALITYNOW,WHETHERWMSEVOLVINGINTOAWAREHOUSEFOCUSEDERPSYSTEMISAGOODTHINGORNOTISUPTODEBATEWHATISCLEARISTHATTHEEXPANSIONOFTHEOVERLAPINFUNCTIONALITYBETWEENWAREHOUSEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMS,ENTERPRISERESOURCEPLANNING,DISTRIBUTIONREQUIREMENTSPLANNING,TRANSPORTATIONMANAGEMENTSYSTEMS,SUPPLYCHAINPLANNING,ADVANCEDPLANNINGANDSCHEDULING,ANDMANUFACTURINGEXECUTIONSYSTEMSWILLONLYINCREASETHELEVELOFCONFUSIONAMONGCOMPANIESLOOKINGFORSOFTWARESOLUTIONSFORTHEIROPERATIONSEVENTHOUGHWMSCONTINUESTOGAINADDEDFUNCTIONALITY,THEINITIALCOREFUNCTIONALITYOFAWMSHASNOTREALLYCHANGEDTHEPRIMARYPURPOSEOFAWMSISTOCONTROLTHEMOVEMENTANDSTORAGEOFMATERIALSWITHINANOPERATIONANDPROCESSTHEASSOCIATEDTRANSACTIONSDIRECTEDPICKING,DIRECTEDREPLENISHMENT,ANDDIRECTEDPUTAWAYARETHEKEYTOWMSTHEDETAILEDSETUPANDPROCESSINGWITHINAWMSCANVARYSIGNIFICANTLYFROMONESOFTWAREVENDORTOANOTHER,HOWEVERTHEBASICLOGICWILLUSEACOMBINATIONOFITEM,LOCATION,QUANTITY,UNITOFMEASURE,ANDORDERINFORMATIONTODETERMINEWHERETOSTOCK,WHERETOPICK,ANDINWHATSEQUENCETOPERFORMTHESEOPERATIONSATABAREMINIMUM,AWMSSHOULDHAVEAFLEXIBLELOCATIONSYSTEMUTILIZEUSERDEFINEDPARAMETERSTODIRECTWAREHOUSETASKSANDUSELIVEDOCUMENTSTOEXECUTETHESETASKSHAVESOMEBUILTINLEVELOFINTEGRATIONWITHDATACOLLECTIONDEVICESDOYOUREALLYNEEDWMSNOTEVERYWAREHOUSENEEDSAWMSCERTAINLYANYWAREHOUSECOULDBENEFITFROMSOMEOFTHEFUNCTIONALITYBUTISTHEBENEFITGREATENOUGHTOJUSTIFYTHEINITIALANDONGOINGCOSTSASSOCIATEDWITHWMSWAREHOUSEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSAREBIG,COMPLEX,DATAINTENSIVE,APPLICATIONSTHEYTENDTOREQUIREALOTOFINITIALSETUP,ALOTOFSYSTEMRESOURCESTORUN,ANDALOTOFONGOINGDATAMANAGEMENTTOCONTINUETORUNTHAT’SRIGHT,YOUNEEDTOMANAGEYOURWAREHOUSEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMOFTENTIMES,LARGEOPERATIONSWILLENDUPCREATINGANEWISDEPARTMENTWITHTHESOLERESPONSIBILITYOFMANAGINGTHEWMSTHECLAIMSWMSWILLREDUCEINVENTORYWMSWILLREDUCELABORCOSTSWMSWILLINCREASESTORAGECAPACITYWMSWILLINCREASECUSTOMERSERVICEWMSWILLINCREASEINVENTORYACCURACYTHEREALITYTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFAWMSALONGWITHAUTOMATEDDATACOLLECTIONWILLLIKELYGIVEYOUINCREASESINACCURACY,REDUCTIONINLABORCOSTSPROVIDEDTHELABORREQUIREDTOMAINTAINTHESYSTEMISLESSTHANTHELABORSAVEDONTHEWAREHOUSEFLOOR,ANDAGREATERABILITYTOSERVICETHECUSTOMERBYREDUCINGCYCLETIMESEXPECTATIONSOFINVENTORYREDUCTIONANDINCREASEDSTORAGECAPACITYARELESSLIKELYWHILEINCREASEDACCURACYANDEFFICIENCIESINTHERECEIVINGPROCESSMAYREDUCETHELEVELOFSAFETYSTOCKREQUIRED,THEIMPACTOFTHISREDUCTIONWILLLIKELYBENEGLIGIBLEINCOMPARISONTOOVERALLINVENTORYLEVELSTHEPREDOMINANTFACTORSTHATCONTROLINVENTORYLEVELSARELOTSIZING,LEADTIMES,ANDDEMANDVARIABILITYITISUNLIKELYTHATAWMSWILLHAVEASIGNIFICANTIMPACTONANYOFTHESEFACTORSANDWHILEAWMSCERTAINLYPROVIDESTHETOOLSFORMOREORGANIZEDSTORAGEWHICHMAYRESULTININCREASEDSTORAGECAPACITY,THISIMPROVEMENTWILLBERELATIVETOJUSTHOWSLOPPYYOURPREWMSPROCESSESWEREBEYONDLABOREFFICIENCIES,THEDETERMININGFACTORSINDECIDINGTOIMPLEMENTAWMSTENDTOBEMOREOFTENASSOCIATEDWITHTHENEEDTODOSOMETHINGTOSERVICEYOURCUSTOMERSTHATYOURCURRENTSYSTEMDOESNOTSUPPORTORDOESNOTSUPPORTWELLSUCHASFIRSTINFIRSTOUT,CROSSDOCKING,AUTOMATEDPICKREPLENISHMENT,WAVEPICKING,LOTTRACKING,YARDMANAGEMENT,AUTOMATEDDATACOLLECTION,AUTOMATEDMATERIALHANDLINGEQUIPMENT,ETCSETUPTHESETUPREQUIREMENTSOFWMSCANBEEXTENSIVETHECHARACTERISTICSOFEACHITEMANDLOCATIONMUSTBEMAINTAINEDEITHERATTHEDETAILLEVELORBYGROUPINGSIMILARITEMSANDLOCATIONSINTOCATEGORIESANEXAMPLEOFITEMCHARACTERISTICSATTHEDETAILLEVELWOULDINCLUDEEXACTDIMENSIONSANDWEIGHTOFEACHITEMINEACHUNITOFMEASURETHEITEMISSTOCKEDEACH,CASES,PALLETS,ETCASWELLASINFORMATIONSUCHASWHETHERITCANBEMIXEDWITHOTHERITEMSINALOCATION,WHETHERITISRACKABLE,MAXSTACKHEIGHT,MAXQUANTITYPERLOCATION,HAZARDCLASSIFICATIONS,FINISHEDGOODSORRAWMATERIAL,FASTVERSUSSLOWMOVER,ETCALTHOUGHSOMEOPERATIONSWILLNEEDTOSETUPEACHITEMTHISWAY,MOSTOPERATIONSWILLBENEFITBYCREATINGGROUPSOFSIMILARPRODUCTSFOREXAMPLE,IFYOUAREADISTRIBUTOROFMUSICCDSYOUWOULDCREATEGROUPSFORSINGLECDS,ANDDOUBLECDS,MAINTAININGTHEDETAILEDDIMENSIONANDWEIGHTINFORMATIONATTHEGROUPLEVELANDONLYNEEDINGTOATTACHTHEGROUPCODETOEACHITEMYOUWOULDLIKELYNEEDTOMAINTAINDETAILEDINFORMATIONONSPECIALITEMSSUCHASBOXEDSETSORCDSINSPECIALPACKAGINGYOUWOULDALSOCREATEGROUPSFORTHEDIFFERENTTYPESOFLOCATIONSWITHINYOURWAREHOUSEANEXAMPLEWOULDBETOCREATETHREEDIFFERENTGROUPSP1,P2,P3FORTHETHREEDIFFERENTSIZEDFORWARDPICKINGLOCATIONSYOUUSEFORYOURCDPICKINGYOUTHENSETUPTHEQUANTITYOFSINGLECDSTHATWILLFITINAP1,P2,ANDP3LOCATION,QUANTITYOFDOUBLECDSTHATFITINAP1,P2,P3LOCATIONETCYOUWOULDLIKELYALSOBESETTINGUPCASEQUANTITIES,ANDPALLETQUANTITIESOFEACHCDGROUPANDQUANTITIESOFCASESANDPALLETSPEREACHRESERVESTORAGELOCATIONGROUPIFTHISSOUNDSSIMPLE,ITISWELLSORTOFINREALITYMOSTOPERATIONSHAVEAMUCHMOREDIVERSEPRODUCTMIXANDWILLREQUIREMUCHMORESYSTEMSETUPANDSETTINGUPTHEPHYSICALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHEPRODUCTANDLOCATIONSISONLYPARTOFTHEPICTUREYOUHAVESETUPENOUGHSOTHATTHESYSTEMKNOWSWHEREAPRODUCTCANFITANDHOWMANYWILLFITINTHATLOCATIONYOUNOWNEEDTOSETUPTHEINFORMATIONNEEDEDTOLETTHESYSTEMDECIDEEXACTLYWHICHLOCATIONTOPICKFROM,REPLENISHFROM/TO,ANDPUTAWAYTO,ANDINWHATSEQUENCETHESEEVENTSSHOULDOCCURREMEMBERWMSISALLABOUT“DIRECTED”MOVEMENTYOUDOTHISBYASSIGNINGSPECIFICLOGICTOTHEVARIOUSCOMBINATIONSOFITEM/ORDER/QUANTITY/LOCATIONINFORMATIONTHATWILLOCCURBELOWIHAVELISTEDSOMEOFTHELOGICUSEDINDETERMININGACTUALLOCATIONSANDSEQUENCESLOCATIONSEQUENCETHISISTHESIMPLESTLOGIC；YOUSIMPLYDEFINEAFLOWTHROUGHYOURWAREHOUSEANDASSIGNASEQUENCENUMBERTOEACHLOCATIONINORDERPICKINGTHISISUSEDTOSEQUENCEYOURPICKSTOFLOWTHROUGHTHEWAREHOUSE,INPUTAWAYTHELOGICWOULDLOOKFORTHEFIRSTLOCATIONINTHESEQUENCEINWHICHTHEPRODUCTWOULDFITZONELOGICBYBREAKINGDOWNYOURSTORAGELOCATIONSINTOZONESYOUCANDIRECTPICKING,PUTAWAY,ORREPLENISHMENTTOORFROMSPECIFICAREASOFYOURWAREHOUSESINCEZONELOGICONLYDESIGNATESANAREA,YOUWILLNEEDTOCOMBINETHISWITHSOMEOTHERTYPEOFLOGICTODETERMINEEXACTLOCATIONWITHINTHEZONEFIXEDLOCATIONLOGICUSESPREDETERMINEDFIXEDLOCATIONSPERITEMINPICKING,PUTAWAY,ANDREPLENISHMENTFIXEDLOCATIONSAREMOSTOFTENUSEDASTHEPRIMARYPICKINGLOCATIONINPIECEPICKANDCASEPICKOPERATIONS,HOWEVER,THEYCANALSOBEUSEDFORSECONDARYSTORAGERANDOMLOCATIONSINCECOMPUTERSCANNOTBETRULYRANDOMNORWOULDYOUWANTTHEMTOBETHETERMRANDOMLOCATIONISALITTLEMISLEADINGRANDOMLOCATIONSGENERALLYREFERTOAREASWHEREPRODUCTSARENOTSTOREDINDESIGNATEDFIXEDLOCATIONSLIKEZONELOGIC,YOUWILLNEEDSOMEADDITIONALLOGICTODETERMINEEXACTLOCATIONSFIRSTINFIRSTOUTFIFODIRECTSPICKINGFROMTHEOLDESTINVENTORYFIRSTLASTINFIRSTOUTLIFOOPPOSITEOFFIFOIDIDNTTHINKTHEREWEREANYREALAPPLICATIONSFORTHISLOGICUNTILAVISITORTOMYSITESENTANEMAILDESCRIBINGTHEIROPERATIONTHATDISTRIBUTESPERISHABLEGOODSDOMESTICALLYANDOVERSEASTHEYUSELIFOFORTHEIROVERSEASCUSTOMERSBECAUSEOFLONGERINTRANSITTIMESANDFIFOFORTHEIRDOMESTICCUSTOMERSPICKTOCLEARLOGICDIRECTSPICKINGTOTHELOCATIONSWITHTHESMALLESTQUANTITIESONHANDTHISLOGICISGREATFORSPACEUTILIZATIONRESERVEDLOCATIONSTHISISUSEDWHENYOUWANTTOPREDETERMINESPECIFICLOCATIONSTOPUTAWAYTOORPICKFROMANAPPLICATIONFORRESERVEDLOCATIONSWOULDBECROSSDOCKING,WHEREYOUMAYSPECIFYCERTAINQUANTITIESOFANINBOUNDSHIPMENTBEMOVEDTOSPECIFICOUTBOUNDSTAGINGLOCATIONSORDIRECTLYTOANAWAITINGOUTBOUNDTRAILERMAXIMIZECUBECUBELOGICISFOUNDINMOSTWMSSYSTEMSHOWEVERITISSELDOMUSEDCUBELOGICBASICALLYUSESUNITDIMENSIONSTOCALCULATECUBECUBICINCHESPERUNITANDTHENCOMPARESTHISTOTHECUBECAPACITYOFTHELOCATIONTODETERMINEHOWMUCHWILLFITNOWIFTHEUNITSARECAPABLEOFBEINGSTACKEDINTOTHELOCATIONINAMANNERTHATFILLSEVERYCUBICINCHOFSPACEINTHELOCATION,CUBELOGICWILLWORKSINCETHISRARELYHAPPENSINTHEREALWORLD,CUBELOGICTENDSTOBEIMPRACTICALCONSOLIDATELOOKSTOSEEIFTHEREISALREADYALOCATIONWITHTHESAMEPRODUCTSTOREDINITWITHAVAILABLECAPACITYMAYALSOCREATEADDITIONALMOVESTOCONSOLIDATELIKEPRODUCTSTOREDINMULTIPLELOCATIONSLOTSEQUENCEUSEDFORPICKINGORREPLENISHMENT,THISWILLUSETHELOTNUMBERORLOTDATETODETERMINELOCATIONSTOPICKFROMORREPLENISHFROMIT’SVERYCOMMONTOCOMBINEMULTIPLELOGICMETHODSTODETERMINETHEBESTLOCATIONFOREXAMPLEYOUMAYCHOSETOUSEPICKTOCLEARLOGICWITHINFIRSTINFIRSTOUTLOGICWHENTHEREAREMULTIPLELOCATIONSWITHTHESAMERECEIPTDATEYOUALSOMAYCHANGETHELOGICBASEDUPONCURRENTWORKLOADDURINGBUSYPERIODSYOUMAYCHOSELOGICTHATOPTIMIZESPRODUCTIVITYWHILEDURINGSLOWERPERIODSYOUSWITCHTOLOGICTHATOPTIMIZESSPACEUTILIZATIONOTHERFUNCTIONALITY/CONSIDERATIONS
