初三化学酸碱盐单元测试题以及答案（test questions and answers of chemistry, acid-base and salt units in junior middle school）

初三化学酸碱盐单元测试题以及答案（TESTQUESTIONSANDANSWERSOFCHEMISTRY,ACIDBASEANDSALTUNITSINJUNIORMIDDLESCHOOL）THISARTICLEISCONTRIBUTEDBYGUYLOVEJANEDOCDOCUMENTSMAYEXPERIENCEPOORBROWSINGONTHEWAPSIDEITISRECOMMENDEDTHATYOUFIRSTSELECTTXT,ORDOWNLOADTHESOURCEFILETOTHELOCALVIEWTHIRD,CHEMICALACIDBASESALTUNITTESTQUESTIONSANDANSWERS,THIRD,CHEMICALACIDBASESALTUNITTESTQUESTIONSANDANSWERSACHOICETHEFOLLOWINGQUESTIONSONLYTOMEETTHEREQUIREMENTSOFAANSWER,EACHOF1POINTS,ATOTALOF15POINTS1FORTHERATIONALUSEOFRESOURCES,“GARBAGE“TOPROMOTEGARBAGECLASSIFICATIONRECYCLING,LIFEWASTEIRON,ALUMINUMCANSTOBECLASSIFIEDASACLASSARECOVERY,THEYBELONGTOTHEORGANICBINORGANICSALTCMETALORALLOYD2ALKALIINSOLUBLEIRONNAILSATTHEFOLLOWINGFOURKINDSOFENVIRONMENT,EASYTORUSTAISPLACEDINTHEHUMIDAIRDRYINGINTHEAIRONBCIMMERSEDINBOILINGWATERINOILIMMERSEDIND3NACL,BACL2,NA2CO3USEDTOIDENTIFYTHREEKINDSOFREAGENTS,ACOLORLESSSOLUTIONISABCLIMEWATERDILUTESULFURICACIDHYDROCHLORICACIDDSILVERNITRATESOLUTION4SOMEFOODAPPROXIMATEPHASFOLLOWSGRAPE3545,2933,APPLE,CATTLEMILK63,66,EGGWHITE768THEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTISWRONGAHYPERACIDITYPEOPLESHOULDNOTEATMOREACIDICTHANAPPLEBAPPLEJUICEGRAPEJUICESTRONGCEGGISABASICFOODDGRAPEJUICECANMAKETHEPURPLELITMUSBLUE5THEFOLLOWINGPRODUCTSHAVENOTBEENSEALED,OPENAFTERAPERIODOFTIME,THEQUALITYOFTHECONCURRENTINCREASEINBIOCHEMISTRYTHEREACTIONISTHECONCENTRATEDHYDROCHLORICACIDANDCAUSTICCARBONATE4THESIGNIFICANTCONTRIBUTIONOFCONCENTRATEDSULFURICACIDLIMEABOFTHECDANDTHE6CHINAFAMOUSCHEMISTMRHOUTEPANGISMADEOFBLACKPOWDERWASINVENTEDBYABTOCREATETHEHYDROMETALLURGYOFSODAASHPRODUCTIONIMPROVEDCDFOUND7OFTHEEXISTINGELEMENTSBANO32THESOLUTION,KCISOLUTION,THEK2SO4SOLUTION,THECUSO4SOLUTION,WITHOUTOTHERREAGENTS,THROUGHTHEEXPERIMENTALMETHODOFTHEMWILLDISTINGUISH,IDENTIFICATIONOUTOFORDERAMAYBETHEDESCRIPTIONOFTHEBANDTHECD4148OF8INTHE8TOFE,CUCONTAININGABEAKERWITHEXCESSSULFURICACID,SOLUTEINSOLUTIONATHEADDITIONOFEXCESSZINCPOWDERMIXEDSOLUTIONOFA1B2C3D49CUCI2ANDMGCL2,AFTERFULLREACTION,FILTRATION,FILTERPAPERMATERIALAZNISBCUCZNANDCUDCUANDMG10DOESNOTMEETTHEACIDANDSALTREACTIONOFANOTHERACIDANDANOTHERSALT“AISTHEREACTIONOFHYDROCHLORICACIDANDSODIUMNITRATESOLUTIONOFDILUTESULFURICACIDANDBBARIUMCHLORIDESOLUTIONCDILUTEHYDROCHLORICACIDANDCOLOREDWASTEWATERDSILVERNITRATESOLUTIONOFNITRICACIDANDCALCIUMCARBONATEFACTORYEMISSIONS11BYTHEDETERMINATIONOFPH2FORWASTEWATERTREATMENT,THEWASTEWATERSHOULDBEADJUSTEDTOPH78,FORTHISPURPOSE,ANDTHEECONOMICALANDFEASIBLEMETHOD,ADDINGTHISWASTEWATERALIMEBSODIUMHYDROXIDECIRONDHCL12IRONORECONTAININGFE203ASRAWMATERIALOFIRON,CARBONMONOXIDEAOXIDATIONREDUCTIONAGENTBCONTAININGFE3AGENTCCATALYSTD13FUELASOLUTIONOFMG2,S042,NO3,FE3,MG2,THENUMBEROFS042IS331,THATFE3INSOLUTIONTHENUMBEROFN03,S042,B121C3115A321ISMORETHAN14D3113RESPECTIVELY,TAKEASMALLAMOUNTOFMATERIALADDEDTOTHEFOLLOWINGGROUPSATTHESAMETIMEGETENOUGHWATER,COLORLESSANDTRANSPARENTSOLUTIONISBNA2CO3,CACL2,ZNAFECI3NO32,BAOH2,KNO3,CCUS04,KCI,NACI,DMGCL2,NAN03,NA2S0415TOREMOVETHEIMPURITIESINBRACKETS,THEREAGENTISNOTCORRECTANAOHSOLUTIONNA2CO3WITHDILUTEHYDROCHLORICACIDBCCUOWITHDILUTESULFURICACIDCNACLBAOH2SOLUTIONOFCOPPERSULFATESOLUTIONDMNO2KCLWITHWATERTWO,MULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSTHEFOLLOWINGQUESTIONSHAVEASATISFACTORYANSWER,2POINTSFOREACHQUESTION,THETOTALOF10POINTS16PUTENOUGHIRON,WEREADDEDTOTHESOLUTIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGGROUPSOFMATERIAL,FULLREACTIONFILTRATIONISONLYTHEFILTRATEANA2S04CUSO4,BH2SO4CUS04CHCLH2SO4DCUCL2CUN03217SOLUTIONINTHEFOLLOWINGINCOMEAFTERTHEMATERIALREACTSWITHHYDROCHLORICACID,SODIUMHYDROXIDESOLUTION,CANPRODUCEAREDDISHBROWNPRECIPITATEISAFEBFE2O3CCUODFEO18THEFOLLOWINGWERESUBSTANCESINTHEWATER,CHEMICALREACTIONSOCCUR,BUTNOPRECIPITATIONGENERATION,ANDNOGASISRELEASEDACACL2,KOH,NA2C03,BNAZC03BACL2,HCICK2SO4,HCINAOH,DCUS04,HCL,NACL19WILLBEACLEANNETNAILSINTHEDILUTESULFURICACID,AREASFOLLOWSTOCREATEBUBBLESINTHESURFACEOFNAILSTHECOLORLESSSOLUTIONBECOMELIGHTGREENTHEQUALITYOFTHEIRONLOSSTHEQUALITYOFTHESOLUTIONINCREASED,THEABOVEDESCRIPTIONISCORRECTAINTHEBANDTHECTHEDOFTHESEWAGEANDTHESEWAGEEMISSIONSOFACIDANDETHYLENEPLANTEMISSIONSOF20ACHEMICALPLANT,ATOTALOF6KINDSOFIONSCONTAININGTHEFOLLOWING3TYPESK,22OH,3,3,3C0BAHNOIONOFETHYLENEPLANTEMISSIONSOFSEWAGECONTAININGISAK,OH,HBK,OHC03,2CBA,OHNO32,DOH,K,BA,THREECHOICETHEFOLLOWINGQUESTIONS,THEREARE12OPTIONSWITHEACHOF2POINTS,THETOTALOF10POINTS21DROPSOFPHENOLPHTHALEINSOLUTIONWITHBARIUMHYDROXIDEANDEACHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSUBSTANCESEXACTLYTHESOLUTIONAFTERTHEREACTION,STILLREDBNA2CO3CH2S04ISTRANSFORMEDINTOAC02DNA2SO42GROUPSTOACHIEVETHEFOLLOWINGSUBSTANCESABACO3,BACI2ISSOLUTIONBACO3BCACO3CAOCAOH2SOLUTION,NAOHSOLUTIONCCUCU0CUOH2,CUSO4SOLUTIONDFE2O3FEFECI3SOLUTION,FEOH323TOSHOWTHATLONGTERMEXPOSURETOCONCENTRATEDNAOHSOLUTIONINTHEAIRHASBEENPARTOFASTUDENTTAKEASAMPLEOF2MIMODIFICATION,INATESTTUBE,ANDTHENTHEFOLLOWINGEXPERIMENT,WHICHCANACHIEVETHEPURPOSEOFPIAISASMALLAMOUNTOFSALTTOOBSERVETHEPHENOMENONOFBACID,ADDINGLIMEWATERCLARIFICATION,OBSERVETHEPHENOMENONOFCADDINGBARIUMCHLORIDESOLUTION,OBSERVETHEPHENOMENONOFDTHROUGHTHEAMOUNTOFCO2GAS,OBSERVETHEPHENOMENONOFAPACKOF25WHITESOLIDMAYCONSISTOFONEORSEVERALKINDSOFSODIUMCARBONATE,POTASSIUMSULFATE,SODIUMCHLORIDE,THESTYLEALITT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载源文件到本机查看初三化学酸碱盐单元测试题以及答案初三化学酸碱盐单元测试题以及答案一、选择题以下各题只有一个符合要求的答案,每题1分,共15分1为合理利用“垃圾资源,提倡垃圾分类回收,生活中废弃的铁锅、铝制易拉罐以归为一类加以回收,它们属于A有机物B无机盐C金属或合金D难溶性碱2将铁钉置于下列四种环境中,容易生锈的是A置于潮湿的空气中B置于干操的空气中C浸没于煮沸的水中D浸没于油中3能一次性鉴别NACL、BACL2、NA2CO3,三种无色溶液的试剂是A稀硫酸B盐酸C石灰水D硝酸银溶液4些食物的近似PH如下葡萄3545,苹果2933牛奶66鸡蛋清7680下列说法错误的是A胃酸过多的人不应多食苹果B苹果汁的酸性比葡萄汁强C鸡蛋清是碱性食物D葡萄汁能使紫色石蕊试液变蓝5下列药品未经密封保存,敞口放置一段时间后THEQUALITYANDINCREASETHEOCCURRENCEOFTHECHEMICALREACTIONOFTHECARBONATEANDHYDROCHLORICACIDCAUSTICTHEMAJORCONTRIBUTIONOFCONCENTRATEDSULFURICACIDLIMEABOFTHECDANDTHE6CHINAFAMOUSCHEMISTMRHOUTEPANGISMADEOFBLACKPOWDERWASINVENTEDBYABTOCREATEHYDROMETALLURGYCIMPROVEDTHEPRODUCTIONOFSODIUMCARBONATEDFOUNDANEWELEMENT7EXISTINGBANO32THESOLUTION,KCISOLUTION,THEK2SO4SOLUTION,THECUSO4SOLUTION,WITHOUTOTHERREAGENTS,THROUGHEXPERIMENTALMETHODSWILLDISTINGUISHTHEMONEBYONE,THEIDENTIFIEDSEQUENCEMAYBEAANDTHEBOFTHEINDIVIDUALORGROUPOFCANDGROUPIITHEDOFTHE8TOFE,CUCONTAININGTHEBEAKERWITHEXCESSIVEDILUTESULFURICACID,THESOLUTESOLUTIONA1B2C3D4ADDITIONOFEXCESSZINCMIXEDSOLUTIONOF9CUCI2ANDMGCL2,AFTERFULLREACTION,FILTRATION,FILTERPAPERMATERIALAZNISBCUCZNANDCUDCUANDMG10DOESNOTMEETTHEACIDANDSALTREACTIONOFANOTHERACIDANDANOTHERSALT“AISTHEREACTIONOFHYDROCHLORICACIDANDSODIUMNITRATESOLUTIONDILUTEBSULFATEANDBARIUMCHLORIDESOLUTIONCDILUTEHYDROCHLORICACIDANDCOLOREDWASTEWATERDSILVERNITRATESOLUTIONOFNITRICACIDANDCALCIUMCARBONATEFACTORYEMISSIONS11BYTHEDETERMINATIONOFPH2FORWASTEWATERTREATMENT,THEWASTEWATERSHOULDBEADJUSTEDTOPH78,FORTHISPURPOSE,ANDTHEECONOMICALANDFEASIBLEMETHOD,ADDINGTHISWASTEWATERALIMEBSODIUMHYDROXIDECIRONDHCL12IRONORECONTAININGFE203ASRAWMATERIALOFIRON,CARBONMONOXIDEAOXIDATIONREDUCTIONAGENTBCONTAININGFE3AGENTCCATALYSTD13FUELASOLUTIONOFMG2,S042,NO3,FE3,MG2,THENUMBEROFS042IS331,THATFE3INSOLUTIONTHENUMBEROFN03,S042,B121C3115A321ISMORETHAN14D3113RESPECTIVELY,TAKEASMALLAMOUNTOFMATERIALADDEDTOTHEFOLLOWINGGROUPSATTHESAMETIMEGETENOUGHWATER,COLORLESSANDTRANSPARENTSOLUTIONISBNA2CO3,CACL2,ZNAFECI3NO32,BAOH2,KNO3,CCUS04,KCI,NACI,DMGCL2,NAN03,NA2S0415TOREMOVETHEIMPURITIESINBRACKETS,THEREAGENTISNOTCORRECTANAOHSOLUTIONNA2CO3WITHDILUTEHYDROCHLORICACIDBCCUOWITHDILUTECNACLSULFATESOLUTIONBAOH2COPPERSULFATESOLUTIONDMNO2KCLWITHWATERTWO,MULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSTHEFOLLOWINGQUESTIONSHAVEASATISFACTORYANSWER,2POINTSFOREACHQUESTION,THETOTALOF10POINTS16PUTENOUGHIRON,WEREADDEDTOTHESOLUTIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGGROUPSOFMATERIAL,FULLREACTIONFILTRATIONTHATISONLYTHEFILTRATEANA2S04CUSO4,BH2SO4CUS04CHCLH2SO4DCUCL2CUN03217SOLUTIONINTHEFOLLOWINGINCOMEAFTERTHEMATERIALREACTSWITHHYDROCHLORICACID,SODIUMHYDROXIDESOLUTION,CANPRODUCEAREDDISHBROWNPRECIPITATEISAFEBFE2O3CCUODFEO18THEFOLLOWINGWERESUBSTANCESINTHEWATER,CHEMICALREACTIONSOCCUR,BUTNOPRECIPITATE,NOGASISRELEASEDACACL2,KOH,NA2C03,BNAZC03BACL2,HCICK2SO4,HCINAOH,DCUS04,HCL,NACL19WILLBEACLEANNAILSINTHEDILUTESULFURICACID,ARETHEBUBBLESINTHENAILSURFACETHECOLORLESSSOLUTIONBECOMELIGHTGREENTHEQUALITYOFTHEIRONLOSSTHEQUALITYOFTHESOLUTIONINCREASED,THEABOVEDESCRIPTIONISCORRECTAINTHEBANDTHECTHEDOFTHESEWAGEANDTHESEWAGEEMISSIONSOFACIDANDETHYLENEPLANTEMISSIONSOF20ACHEMICALPLANT,ATOTALOF6KINDSOFIONSCONTAININGTHEFOLLOWING3TYPESK,22OH,3,3,3C0BAHNOIONOFETHYLENEPLANTEMISSIONSOFSEWAGECONTAININGISAK,OH,H,BK、OH、C0322C,、OH、NO3DOH、K、BA三、选择题以下各题,有12个选项符合题意每题2分,本题共10分21滴有酚酞的氢氧化钡溶液与下列各物质恰好完全反应后,溶液仍显红色的是AC02BNA2CO3CH2S04DNA2SO42下列各组物质的转化能实现的是ABACO3BACI2溶液BACO3BCACO3CAOCAOH2溶液NAOH溶液CCUCU0CUOH2CUSO4溶液DFE2O3FEFECI3溶液FEOH323为了证明长期暴露在空气中的氢氧化钠浓溶液已部分变质,某同学先取2MI试样于试管中,而后进行如下实验,其中丕能达到目的的是A加入少量盐酸,观察现象B加入澄清石灰水,观察现象C加入氯化钡溶液,观察现象D通适量CO2气体,观察现象25一包白色固体可能由碳酸钠、硫酸钾、氯化钠中的一种或几种组成,取式样少许溶于水,加入过量的氯化钡溶液,产生白色沉淀,该沉淀不溶于稀硝酸过滤,在滤液中加入用硝酸酸化的硝酸银溶液产生白色沉淀,则原固体物质的组成中A一定有K2SO4B一定有NACLC一定有NA2CO3D可能有NACL四、填充题本题共40分26分制作松花蛋所用的配料主要有纯碱、食盐、生石灰、草木灰主要成分是4碳酸钾、水等物质时需要将它们混合并充分搅拌,制作,根据所学知识写出能反应的化学方程式272分铁制品放入稀盐酸中除锈时,溶液变黄,并常有气泡产生,有关化学反应的方程式是282分将一根光亮的铁丝插入硫酸铜溶液中,过一会儿取出,铁丝表面覆盖一层红色的物质是,这说明铁的金属活动性比铜292分向水中加入或物质后会产生放热现象2304分在一张洁白干燥的滤纸上依次喷洒A、B、C三种无色液体,当喷洒HAS时滤纸无明显变化,再喷洒B时滤纸上显出一间红色小屋,最后喷洒C时红色小屋又消失了,回答下列问题滤纸上的小屋事先是用试剂画出的无色溶液HAS是是BC是317分以氢氧化钾为例,根据碱的通性,写出氢氧化钾的主要化学性质,并写出有关的化学方程式化学性质化学性质325分用化学方程式说明下列事实1露天堆放的生石灰逐渐变质2工业上用纯碱和熟石灰制取烧碱3向纯碱中加入盐酸,有大量气体放出45锅炉中的水垢可以用盐酸来清洗铁钉放在硝酸汞溶液中表面会产生一种银白色的物质339分硫酸铜与某些物质能发生反应,请写出3个化学方程式和实验现象,并分别说明在生产生活中的用途化学方程式与金属123与盐与碱回答1第一步实验中观察到的实验现象是2第三步实验中滤纸上HAS是,滤纸中B是3第四步实验中加入过量的C溶液是,其目的是五、简答题本题共4分现象用途354HYDROCHLORICACIDSOLUTIONCONTAININGKNOWNACIDWATERMOLECULESHCHLORIDECLANDHYDROGENIONSH,O,THESOLUTIONCANMAKETHEPURPLELITMUSREDWOULDYOUPLEASEGUESSINHYDROCHLORICACIDSOLUTIONWHICHISLIKELYAPARTICLETHATPURPLELITMUSREDANDDESIGNEXPERIMENTTOVERIFYYOURGUESS,WRITETHEEXPERIMENTSTEPSBRIEFLY,THEOBSERVEDPHENOMENAANDTHERESULTINGCONCLUSIONSCONJECTUREEXPERIMENTALPROCEDURES,EXPERIMENTALPHENOMENA,EXPERIMENTALRESULTSSIX,INFERENCEQUESTIONSTHETOTALOF21POINTS365FROMALABORATORY,MAYCONTAINONEORMOREFERRICCHLORIDE,SULFURICACID,SODIUMSULFATE,SODIUMCHLORIDE,SODIUMHYDROXIDE,SODIUMCARBONATEANDBARIUMNITRATETHIRDCHEMICALEXTRACURRICULARACTIVITIESGROUPOFSTUDENTSAREASFOLLOWS1TESTOFWASTELIQUORFROMOBSERVATION,ISACOLORLESSSOLUTION2TAKETHEWASTE,TOWHICHADDINGBARIUMCHLORIDESOLUTION,AWHITEPRECIPITATE,ADDINGDILUTENITRICACID,NOOBVIOUSPHENOMENON3ANOTHERWASTE,WHICHADDEDTOTHEIRONPOWDERLATER,PRODUCEDALOTOFBUBBLESACCORDINGTOTHEABOVETESTPHENOMENONCANBEINFERREDTHATTHEWASTELIQUIDMUSTCONTAIN,CERTAINLYDOESNOTCONTAIN,CANNOTBESUREWHETHERITCONTAINS375WITHIRON,COPPER,POTASSIUMPERMANGANATE,FOURKINDSOFDILUTEHYDROCHLORICACIDASTHERAWMATERIAL,ADOPTSTWODIFFERENTMETHODSTOPRODUCEFERROUSCHLORIDE,PLEASEWRITETHECHEMICALEQUATION3811POINTSTHECONSTRUCTIONOFTHESUBWAYINTHEANCIENTCAPITALOFNANJINGHASBROKENGROUNDINORDERTOSTUDYTHEARTIFACTSEXCAVATEDFROMTHESUBWAYCONSTRUCTIONSITE,THEARCHAEOLOGICALINTERESTGROUPCONDUCTEDEXPERIMENTSONTHESURFACEMATERIALSAANDBOFTWOARTIFACTS,SUCHASTONHCL,A,REDDISHBROWNSOLID,CYELLOWSOLUTIONNAOHSOLUTIONDREDDISHBROWNPRECIPITATEHIGHTEMPERATUREJBLACKPOWDERHECOLORLESSLIQUIDIBGREENPOWDERPLUSFBLACKPOWDER,DILUT