洗衣机控制模型系统设计论文

洗衣机控制模型系统设计论文2目录A1A21ABSTRACT1A0A3A4A5A6A7A8A9A102A11A12A11A3A13A14A15A16A17A6A7A18A9A102A11A12A19A3A20A21A22A23A24A25A17A6A7A18A9A10313A3A26A27A28A29A30A17A6A7A18A9A10314A3A28A31A32A33A24A25A17A6A7A18A9A10415A3A34A35A24A25A17A6A7A18A9A10416A3A20A36A17A37A384A39A3A15A16A40A415A42A3A15A16A43A13A44A20A45A43A4651A3A47A48A20A45A17A43A4652A3A49A48A43A467A50A3A51A52A53A5491A3A55A56A57A34A35A53A54A5892A3A59A60A51A52A53A54A619A62A63A64A65A66A67A68A69A67A70A7191A63A69A67A72A7392A63A69A67A70A719A74A63A75A709A76A77111摘要本文主要介绍设计并制作洗衣机控制模型模拟洗衣机功能，采用AT89S52单片机作为主控单元，直流电机作为执行部分，键盘输入控制信息，数码管显示输出信息。其工作过程是通过键盘选择功能键将信息输入单片机，然后单片机发出信号控制水泵的自动进水出水，以及通过水位的自动检测返回信息给单片机控制直流电机带动扇叶转动方式来模拟实现洗衣机的功能。系统可实现一下功能1、接通电源后，数码管显示“0”电机准备投入运行。2、可以设定高、中、低水位。3、可以设定电机转动循环次数。4、设定水位自动进水，达到设定水位后自动停止进水。5、可以设定洗衣循环次数6、显示电机循环次数，达到预定次数后电机自动停止转动7、可实现自动排水和脱水。8、达到洗衣重复次数后复出5次蜂鸣声提醒洗衣结束并显示最终的循环次数关键词AT89S52单片机；自动；模拟功能；显示循环ABSTRACTTHISPAPERMAINLYINTRODUCESTHEDESIGNANDPRODUCTIONOFWASHINGMACHINESANDWASHINGMACHINECONTROLFUNCTIONMODEL,THEUSEOFSINGLECHIPAT89S52ASAMAINCONTROLUNIT,DCMOTORS,ASTHEOPERATIVEPART,THEKEYBOARDINPUTCONTROLINFORMATION,ADIGITALDISPLAYOUTPUTTHECOURSEOFTHEIRWORKTHROUGHTHEKEYBOARDFUNCTIONKEYSTOSELECTINFORMATIONINTOSINGLECHIP,ANDTHENSENDASIGNALTOCONTROLSINGLECHIPAUTOMATICPUMPINFLUENTWATER,ASWELLASTHEWATERLEVELTORETURNTOAUTOMATICDETECTIONCONTROLINFORMATIONTOTHESINGLECHIPDCMOTORDRIVENFANMEANSTURNINGTOSIMULATETHEFUNCTIONOFTHEREALIZATIONOF2WASHINGMACHINESSYSTEMCANACHIEVETHEFUNCTIONSASFOLLOW1,CONNECTEDTOPOWER,THEDIGITALDISPLAY“0“MOTORREADYTOPUTINTOOPERATION2,CANBESETHIGH,MEDIUMANDLOWWATERLEVEL3,CANSETTHENUMBEROFMOTORROTATIONCYCLE4,AUTOMATICWATERLEVELSETTINGS,TOAUTOMATICALLYSETTHEWATERLEVELTOSTOPWATER5,CANSETTHENUMBEROFLAUNDRYCYCLE6,SHOWSTHATTHENUMBEROFMOTORCYCLE,REACHINGPREDETERMINEDNUMBEROFAUTOMATICCUTOFFAFTERTHEMOTORROTATION7,THEDRAINAGECANBEACHIEVEDAUTOMATICALLYANDDEHYDRATION8,TOCOMEBACKWITHREPEATLAUNDRY5THLAUNDRYBEEPTOREMINDTHEENDOFTHESOUNDANDDISPLAYTHEFINALCYCLENUMBERKEYWORDSAT89S52MICROCONTROLLERAUTOMATICALLYANALOGFUNCTIONSDISPLAYCYCLE一、方案比较及论证根G6466G20076G11458的要G8726，系统主要分为G1022模G3371主控系统、电机G20549动，进出水G16025G13634、水位检测模G3371、显示模G3371、电源模G3371。G20G17G20、主控系统的G8616G17751G994G16782G16789G3方案一G29G3采用G48G38G54G16G24G21单片机，G7242G6403G20069G10587为G21G23G43G61G17G36G55G27G28G54G24G21单片机是一G12193功G13803、高G5627能CMOS8位G5506控制G3132。G1363用ATMELG1856G2508高G4506G5242G19762G7143G3845G5627G4396G1660G3132G6228G7427制G17908，G994工G100680C51G1147G2709G6363G1208和G5353G14062G4448G1852G1872G4493。片G990FLASHG1813G16780程G5219G4396G1660G3132G3324系统可G13546程，G1146G17878G1122G5132G16280G13546程G3132。G3324单G14467片G990，G6329G7389G9801G5051的8位CPU和G3324系统可G13546程FLASH，G1363G5483AT89S52单片机为G1259G3822G4896入式控制G5224用系统提G1391高G9801G8975、G17241G7389G6940的G16311G1927方G7708。AT89S52G1867G7389以下G7643准功能8KG4395G14422FLASH，3256G4395G14422RAM，32位I/OG2487G13459，G11487G19388G10411定G7114G3132，2G1022数G6466G6363G19036，G989G102216位定G7114G3132/计数G3132，一G10226G2533G183392G13435中G7041结G7512，G1852G2464工G1030行G2487，片G1881G7242G6403及G7114G19059电G17347。G2490G3818，AT89S52可G19489G142790HZG19757G5589G17935G17765G6817作，G6915G63572G12193G17731G1226可选择G14422电模式。空闲模式下，CPU停止工作，A78A79RAMA80A81A82A83/A84A85A83A80A86A87A80A88A89A90A91A92A93A94A95A96A97A98A99A100A101A102RAMA103A104A105A97A106A102A107A108A83A105A109A110A102A111A112A113A114A115A92A93A116A117A102A118A119A101A114A120A88A89A121A122A123A124A125A126A117A94A127A128A129A130A131A94方案二采用FPGA（可G13546G17765G17935G17765阵列）作为系统控制G3132。FPGA可以实现各G12193复杂的G17935G17765功能，G16280模大，集成G5242高，体积小，稳定G5627好，并且可利用EDAG17731G1226进行仿真和调试。FPGA采用并行工作方式，提高了系统的处理速G5242，G5132用G1122大G16280模实G7114G5627要G8726G17751高的系统。价格G17751昂贵。对G8616G990述两G12193方G7708，FPGG36各G1022方面都G8616G17751优越，单价格G17751昂贵，而且用G3324洗衣机模拟系统G990FPGG36的高速处理能力G5483不到充分的发挥，很浪费资源。相G8616之下G36G55G27G28G54G24G21单片机价格便宜，对本系统来说资源和速G5242已经足够，故选择此单片机。G20G17G21、电机G20549动模G3371的G8616G17751G994G16782G16789G3方案一用达林顿管TIP22和NPNG989极管G7512成的G20549动电G17347来实现控制电机的正反转。该G20549动电G17347能够基本满足控制功能的要G8726。但直流电机的功G10587G17751大，所以通过G20549动电G17347的电流G17751大，G1363G5483TIP22很快就发热损G13803功G10587大，G4493G7143损坏。方案二采用G2464刀G2464G13634和单刀G2464G13634继电G3132G7512成的开关G20549动电G17347来实现控制直流电机的正反转。该电G17347G17751简单G7143实现，而且因为是开关电G17347，几乎不损G13803功G10587，所以不必担心发热问G20076。综G990所述，对G8616优劣G5627选着第二G12193方G7708。13、进出水G16025G13634的G8616G17751G994G16782G16789方案一采用12V的电磁阀来实现洗衣机模型的自动进水和出水，但该进出水G16025G13634需要G8616G17751大的水压才能冲开阀G19388。但G20076G11458要G8726设计的模型G17751小，难以达到很大的水压来冲开阀G19388。方案二采用12V的水泵来抽水实现洗衣机模型的自动进水和出水功能，该G16025G13634对水压没G7389要G8726。但G3324抽水G7114需要G7389水进入水泵排出空气，通过改变放4G13634G16025G13634的方位可以满足要G8726。综G990两G12193方G7708，我们选择方G7708二G8616G17751现实。14、水位检测模G3371的G8616G17751G994G16782G16789方案一采用PC816光敏传感G3132和NPNG989极管组成的电G17347来检测水位，当水位达到G6363定位G13634后电G17347导通，电平信号送到单片机即达到检测水位的G11458的。该电G17347理G16782G990能实现功能。但G3324实际检测中发现PC816太敏感，轻G5506的手触摸就导通，不G17878用。方案二直接采用G989极管组成的电G17347来检测水位，当水位达到G6363定位G13634后电G17347导通，高电平信号传到单片机，单片机几道信号后做出判G7041即可达到检测水位的G11458的。G3324检测过程中该电G17347能够导通，而且不是很敏感，G8616G17751G17878用。通过G8616G17751和根G6466实际情况我们选择方G7708二。15、显示模G3371的G8616G17751G994G16782G16789方案一采用G3247G2494数码管显示模G3371来显示动G5589信息。显示的G1856G1861G12483G2494需要一G10228位I/OG2487，接G2487简单，功G13803小，价格便宜，G4563G2641G19283。通过调G6984电流可以达到G8616G17751高的G1154G5242，所以数码管能够G9177G7236G3332显示数G4395，且G1154G5242G17751高G7143G1122G16278G4531。方案二采用LCDG9094G7242显示，优G9869是能显示G7368G3822的G4395G12538，G7389着G14403好的G1166机G11040面，功G13803低，G2356用系统资源G4581，G1363G6984G1022系统显G5483G7368G2164G1166G5627G2282。G13582G9869是成本过高，G1154G5242不够，不G7143G9177G7236G3332G16278G4531数G6466。基G1122成本以及实际需G8726，我们选择方G7708一。16、电源的选择方案一采用开关型稳压电源。因为开关型稳压电源G1119实G990是利用了G7242体管G3324G6142止G994G20293和G252G252即开关G10378G5589下功G13803极小的优G9869。G11013G1122G7242体管G3324G6142止G7114流过的电流极小几乎为G19658，G20293和导通G7114的管压G19489极小，两G12193情况下的G7242体管功G13803都极小，管G4388工作G6940G10587很高，可达到80G25290。难G9869是开关电源对G3132G1226要G8726G17751高且电G17347G17751复杂，G8616G17751难调试，成本不低。方案二采用传统的G13459G5627稳压电源，优G9869是电G17347简单，实用，输出电压，G13453G8886系数小，G4493G7143制作。G13582G9869是体积G17751大，G6940G10587低。结G2524我们本G17535的能力和系统的实际G5224用我们选择方G7708二。5二、系统功能本系统采用AT89S52作为主控单元，键盘作为作为系统预G13634输入，数码管作为系统的显示输出，直流电机和水泵位执行部分。G5506控制G3132（AT89S52）G11013键盘输入预G13634G20045，即设定水位的高中低G6389位，设定直流电机的循环次数和洗衣的循环次数。设定G4448成后G6365下键盘执行键，系统即开G3999控制水泵进水，当水G9036到设定的G6363定水位后自动停止进水，直流电机带动扇叶转动进行洗衣模拟功能，电机正转8G12198然后反转8G12198进行循环。当达到设定的循环次数后，直流电机停止转动，单片机控制水泵进行抽水排水。排G4448水后，直流电机重G7044转动进行脱水模拟功能，脱水G4448成后直流电机和排水水泵停止转动，蜂鸣G3132发出5次蜂鸣声，洗衣模拟功能G4448成。三、系统设主要电路设计1、G11840G1226电G17347的设计1主控电G17347G11840G1226G2419理G32826（2）直流电机G20549动电G17347我们采用1G1022G2464刀G2464G13634和G989G1022单刀G2464G13634继电G3132和G989G1022NPNG989极管组成的电G17347来控制直流电机的正反转和反转。控制电G17347G3926下G3282（3）水位检测模G3371电G173477（4）键盘和显示模G3371电G17347A1325A133A134A135A136A137A134A1382A139A140A141A142A1431A144A145A146A147A145A148A1498A150A151A152A153A154A155A142A156A157A158A159A160A161A162A163A164A165A157A158A166A167A168A169A170A171A157A158A172A173A174A175A176A177A178A166A167A168A169A170A171A162A1639四、操作说明1A139A163A179A180A181A182A183A184A1491A1852A1853A1854A185A181A182A157A158A181A182A160A161A136A186A181A182A160A161A162A163A181A182A160A161A187A1882A139G6365键G6817作说G71384A160A161A187A1883A189A1905A160A161A162A1632A191A1926A142A171A157A1581A170A156五、系统调试与测试结果1、测试G8505G20600（1）将各G1022模G3371制作好后，G20330G1820对G8611G1022部分进行单G10432测试。A、测试最小系统G11487其G13459G17347是G2554G17842接好，是G2554G11713G17347，能G2554下G17745程G5219。B、测试键盘和数码管是G2554能正G5132工作。C、测试水泵和直流电机是G2554工作正G5132。D、测试水位检测模G3371是G2554能正G5132检测出水位。（2）将各G1022模G3371组G2524后进行G6984机测试。调入程G5219检测洗衣机模拟系统能G2554G4448成G20076G11458的各G1022要G8726。2、测试结G7536经过测试和改进后，本系统模型能够达到G20076G11458的基本要G8726，能够实现正传反转、自动抽水和排水以及脱水功能。六、总结G3324G17837G17829一G1022G7388的G4410G1076设计过程中，我们G11908到了不G4581问G20076，但我们并没G7389G17876G13565，我们G4593试了很G3822G12193方G7708。G3324不G7041的G4593试中，G3845G17145了很G3822次。但G3324G3845G17145的G252810G7114，我们G1075积G13059了很G3822经G20576，G6922G14731了很G3822G1008G16211。G8616G3926我们通过G17837次设计制作G16760G16794到G2339作G12946G12082是G14279关重要的，并且G1363自G5061提高了动手能力，G6038G5483了理G16782G13864系实际的重要G5627，G17837对我们以后的G4410G1076工作是很G7389G5122G2173的。G11013G1122我们的G11705G16794面不G5203，G16780G3822方面G1185G7389G5465改进，G5703G16843各位G13781G5084G6221G16792G6363正G70111附录A193A194A195/A196A197A198A199A200A201A202CA194A195/AT89S52/A203A204A205A206A20724MHZ/INCLUDE/AT89S52A208A209A210/A211A212A213/DEFINEUCHARUNSIGNEDCHARDEFINEUINTUNSIGNEDINT/A214A215A216A217A218A212A213/SBITBIT_1P27SBITBIT_2P26SBITBIT_3P25SBITBIT_4P24BITBEGIN/A212A213A219A220A221A222BITCHANGE1/A212A213A223A224A201A225A221A222UCHARCODETAB0XFC,0X60,0XDA,0XF2,0X66,0XB6,0XBE,0XE0,0XFE,0XF6/A214A215A223A224A226A227A228A229A230A231UCHARNR0,0,0,0/A223A224A232A233A214A234A221A222/A235A236A221A222A212A213/UCHART,WH_TIME,RO_TIMEUCHARWEI,WASHTIME,ROLTIME,TEMP,TEMP2/A237A214A238A239/VOIDINIT/A240A220A241A237A214VOIDDISPLAY/A223A224A237A214VOIDXUNHUAN/A242A243A237A214VOIDKEYBOARD/A244A245A237A214/A244A245A212A213/SBITSWP30/A246A217A247A248A244SBITXYP31/A196A197A249A214A247A248A244SBITROLP32/A250A242A243A247A248A24412SBITSTARTP33/A219A220A251A252A244SBITINWP34SBITSUREP35/A253A212A244SBITSPEAKERP20/A254A255A132/A246A217A212A213/SBITBOTTOMP13/A168A0A246A217SBITLOWP12/A170A1A2SBITMIDP11/A78A1A2SBITHIGP10/A171A1A2SBITMAIN_MP14/A19A3A4A5A6SBITM_R_LP15/A173A7A8A5A6SBITIN_SWP16/A25A1A9A5A6SBITOUT_SWP17/A177A1A9A5A6VOIDDELAYUCHARZ/A178A10A11A12A89A10A74A13ZMSUCHARJ,KFORJZJ0JFORK120K0K/A14A11A12/VOIDMAININIT/A163A15A16A17A18A20A21WHILE1KEYBOARD/A59A22A23A17A18A20A21XUNHUAN/A137A24A23A17A18A20A21/A59A22A23A11A12/VOIDKEYBOARDWHILESWDELAY200IFSWWEIIFWEI4WEI1/A171A26A78A26A170A1A2A27A28/IFWEI1LOW1IFWEI2MID1IFWEI3HIG1WHILEXYDELAY200IFXYWASHTIMEIFWASHTIME6WASHTIME1/A27A28A42A29A30A18WHILEROLDELAY200IFROLROLTIMEIFROLTIME10ROLTIME1/A27A28A19A3A137A24A30A1813WHILESTARTDELAY200IFSTARTBEGIN1/A5A15A42A29A120A31WHILESUREDELAY200IFSURECHANGECHANGE/A167A32A59A33A27A28/A42A29A14A124A11A12A114WASHTIMEA26ROLTIMEA183A27A28A89A184A78WASHTIMEA13A42A29A30A18A158ROLTIMEA13A107A137A24A30A18A115/VOIDXUNHUANIFBEGININ_SW1WHILEWEI1IN_SW0/A5A15A34,A186A5A25A1A9A35A25A1A36A37A32A1A2A34A38A5A15A42A29A89A189A10A6A39A25A1A9IFBEGIN/A27A28A40A41A43A44A2FORWASHTIME0WASHTIMEWH_TIME/A42A29A30A18TEMPROLTIME/A137A24A45A46A10A47A48A49A50WHILEROLTIME/A19A3A137A24A30A18A51A52ROLTIME/A202A19A3A137A24A53A54A30A18RO_TIME/A107A137A24A30A18T8WHILETMAIN_M1M_R_L0/A19A3A173A88A205T2WHILETMAIN_M0/A19A3A55A82A205T8WHILETMAIN_M1M_R_L1/A19A3A7A88A205T2WHILETMAIN_M0/A19A3A55A82A205OUT_SW1/A5A177A1A9T10WHILETMAIN_M1M_R_L0/A206A1A19A3A173A810A205T214WHILETMAIN_M0/A55A82A205T10WHILETMAIN_M1M_R_L0/A206A1A19A3A173A810A205MAIN_M0/A6A19A3/A207A35A177A1A56A57A170A1A2A38A5A15A48A58A60A25A1A42A29A61A11/WHILEBOTTOMOUT_SW0/A6A177A1A9/A27A28A207A35A1A2A89A36A37A32A1A2A34A38A45A46A137A24A89A128A62A63A64A207A35/IFTEMP2IN_SW1WHILEWEI1IN_SW0/A27A28A40A41A43A44A2A65A66A67A137A2