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1、五种简单句五种简单句n1.主+谓+宾 n人们在南方种植水稻。nPeople grow rice in the south n她将她的电话号码留给你了,是吗?nShe has left her telephone number with, hasnt she? n在任何情况下,士兵都不能离开自己的岗位。nUnder no circumstance must a soldier leave his post 。2.主系表结构 n(1)表示某种状态的动词:be, stay, remain, remainn(2)表示状态变化的动词:become, go, get, turn n(3)感官动词:look
2、, sound, smell, taste, feel n我们的祖国变得越来越繁荣了。nOur country is getting more and more prosperous . n很快他们对这个话题就产生了兴趣。nSoon they all became interested in the topic. n她看上去好象被这些话深深感动了。nShe appeared quite touched at the words. 3.主谓双宾 n可接双宾的动词:show, send, offer, lend, wish, teach n她给我打了一针青霉素。nHe gave me an inj
3、ection of Penicilin. n这样一个安排将会为我们省去大量麻烦。nSuch an arrangement will spare us a lot of trouble. 4.主谓宾宾补 n宾补:形容词,名词,分词,介词短语,不定式 n你为什么不把你的头发染成黄色?nWhy dont you dye your hair yellow? n他们将他任命为英语系系主任。nThey appointed him head of the English Department. n请到隔壁去验血。nPlease have your blood tested in the next room.
4、 n第二天一早,我发现他躺在我的床上。nThe next morning, I found him in my bed. n我们认为这件事情具有重要意义。nWe consider it to be of great significance. There be 结构 (主谓一致) n今晚将有一场会议。nThere is going to be a meeting tonight. n我们赢得比赛的希望不大。nThere doesnt seem to be much hope of our winning the game. n在中国大陆和台湾之间似乎将有一场战争。nThere appears
5、to be a war between Chinese mainland and Taiwan. 动词的非谓语形式动词的非谓语形式n不定式 n作用:做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语 n主动 被动n一般式 to do to be donen完成式 to have done to have been donen进行式 to be doingn完成进行式 to have been doing 动名词 n作用:做主语,表语,宾语 n 主动 被动n一般式 doing being donen完成式 having done having been done 分词 n作用:做定语,表语,状语,补语 n现在分词:
6、表示主动或进行 n 主动 被动n 一般式 doing being donen完成式 having done having been donen过去分词:表示被动和完成ndone 一主语的扩展: n动名词做主语 n和他的女友一起生活了3年时间,对于他来说是一个难忘的回忆。nHaving lived together with his girlfriend for three months is an unforgettable memory for him. 不定式做主语 n要实现祖国的“四化”需要我们大家的共同努力。nTo realize the four modernization need
7、 our joint efforts.n要使裁判能在比赛中保持绝对中立是不可能的。nFor a judge to keep absolutely neutral in a game is out of the question.词组或复合结构做主语 n早睡早起身体好。nEarly to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy .n每个人每天吃一个苹果对身体很有好处。nA person eating one apple everyday is quite beneficial to health.宾语的扩展 n名词化的形容词或其他东西 n医生们将重伤者
8、抬离战场。nThe doctors carried the seriously wounded away from the war field. n动名词 n我很喜欢和你一起工作。nI enjoyed working with you. n不定式nI want to see you again. 定语的扩展 n分词做定语 n你知道来参加会议的外宾的数目吗?nDo you know the number of the foreign guests coming to the meeting.n你知道图书馆订购的书刊的数目吗?nDo you know the number of the books
9、 ordered by the library. 不定式 他们的目的就是要找出一种办法来满足农民的需要。nTheir aim is to find a way to satisfy the peasants demand. 介词短语 解决农业问题的根本办法就在于机械化。 The fundamental way out for agriculture lies in mechanization.状语的扩展 n不定式n我和高兴认识你。nI am very pleased to have made your acquaintance. n和其他女人相比,她算是很幸运的了。nCompared with
10、 many women, she was indeed very fortune. 独立主格结构 n规则:逻辑主语+现在分词/过去分词 n考虑到所有事情之后,计划中的旅行不得不被取消了。nAll things considered, the planned trip will have to be cancelledn因为有如此多的医生缺席,会议不得不被推迟。nSo many doctors being absent, the board meeting had to be put off.n因为天气状况很恶劣,所有航班都被取消了,他们不得不乘火车前往那里。nAll flights havin
11、g been delayed because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train. 从句从句 n名词性从句 n1. 连接词that引导的名词性从句 (if ,whether)n有一种看法认为我们可以好好利用这种平衡。n One idea is that we can make good use of the balance.n月球环绕地球转动,这是我们大家都熟知的。n That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us.n到目前为止,我们还不能说他
12、的理论是否经得住考验。 nUp to now we cant say whether his theory can stand the test.n 连接代词引导的名词性从句 who, whom., whose, which, whatn哪种办法效率更高还是个问题。 nWhich way is more effective is still a question.n他们追求的是金钱。 nWhat they are after is money.n3. 连接副词引导的名词性从句 when, where, why, hown这正是我们公司成立的时候。 nThis was just when our
13、 company was being formed.n她问老师为什么她的这个问题的答案是错的。 nShe asked the teacher why her answer to this question was wrong.n4. 同位语从句nThe doctors came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from the cancer.nThey are faced with the problem whether they should continue the work.nI have no idea when he
14、will returnnThey heard the news on the radio yesterday that a typhoon was coming. 定语从句 n1,由关系代词引导的定语从句 who, whom, which, whose, thatn救了我的那个男人拒绝告诉我他的名字nThe man who rescued me refused to give me his name.n他制造的噪音吵醒了每个人.nThe noise that he made woke everybody up.n2. 由关系副词引导的定语从句 when, where, why, hown2003年是我儿子出生的那一年.n2003 is the year when my son was born.n这就是我成长的地方.nThis is the place where I grew up. n3带介词的定语从句n他就是那个家里的画被偷了的男人.nHe is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen.n在1980年,他得了一场至今仍
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