修改版 英语语音简明教程

1、 语音语调知识介绍语音语调知识介绍（一）元音（一）元音音音 标标（二）辅音（二）辅音/ i:/ / i /eat - it feel -fillfeet -fit wheel - willsheep - ship sleep - slipCheap -chip seat - sit/?:/ /?/ door short floor before because not hot dog sorry fog blog clock /u:/ /u/ room moon noon choose tool fool school good took cook look book put /:/ /bir

2、d first nurse purpleabout accuse/ /a:/ but cut bus cup touch fun but cut bus cup touch fun class grass past ask answerclass grass past ask answerarm smart park party hard arm smart park party hard /e/ / bed-bad dead-dad said-sad beg-bag bet-bat men-manEnglish Diphthongs 双元音Centring diphthong 开口 Clos

3、ing diphthongs闭口 Ending in Ending in I ending in I e eI aI I a here hare tourthey cry toy know now /ei/ /i:/-/ei/ seasay great-greet greengrain real-rail sheepshape wheel-whale/ai/ / /e/ sad-side cat-kite smell-smile fell-file child A child is crying by my side./u/ /au/go home so coat boat float kno

4、w snow slow crowd now cow flower mouth loudRead the following words: ear year ill -eelear year ill -eel hear hill hair hell - hirehear hill hair hell - hire fear fill feel fail fell fair fire filefear fill feel fail fell fair fire file Reading aloud Pay special attention to the pronunciation of Engl

5、ish Diphthongs. Your Sense of TastenTaste is one of our five senses. The others are hearing, sight, touch, and smell. You hear with your ears, you see with your eyes, and you taste things with your tongue. /p/- /b/ /t /-/d/ /k/-/g/p/- /b/ /t /-/d/ /k/-/g/ 三组爆破音！三组爆破音！ put pub take good cake but book

6、 tap tape dog kite cat shape pet beg bake /p/- /b/ /t /-/d/ /k/-/g/p/- /b/ /t /-/d/ /k/-/g/爆破音中的清辅音，在/s/后被浊化。即/s/+/p/b/ spring spy space speak spread /s/+/t/d/ stand stay still stick style student /s/+/k/g/ sky skill skirt skype escape school 失去爆破和不完全爆破：（Rule 1）爆破音 + 爆破音 当一个爆破音后面紧跟着另一个爆破音时，前面的爆破音不发生

7、爆破。方法是：对于前一个爆破音，只作发音的姿势，刚要发出时，立即发出第二个爆破音。这种现象叫做失去爆破失去爆破. what time goodbye bedtime big kite（Rule 2）爆破音爆破音 + 摩擦音或破擦音摩擦音或破擦音 （摩擦音：/f, v, , , s, z, , , r, h/） （破擦音：/ts, dz, tr, dr, t, d/）鼻辅音：/m, n, / （舌边音：/ l/） 当一个爆破音后面紧跟着一个摩擦音或破擦音时，前面的爆破音只作部分爆破。方法是：对于前一个爆破音，作好发音的姿势，刚发出时，立即过渡到第二个摩擦音或破擦音上去。第一个爆破音发出的声音是非

8、常轻微的，有时甚至听不出来。这种现象叫做不完全爆破不完全爆破。 picture big jug good child that joke good morning big nationPractice 1. Stop doing that. 2. See you about four, then. 3. Sometimes I make mistakes in spelling. 4. I cant understand this word. 5. I dont think my husband would let me do that./f/ /v/ 咬唇音！ fish five film

9、finger fifteenvery voice visit vocation vividvery voice visit vocation vivid /s/ /z/s sun eaun eas st wet wes st t S Six ix s silly illy hahas s pri prize ze hi his s ro rose se/ / 咬舌音！咬舌音！t three thank think thousand hree thank think thousand that that there there weather fatherweather father/和和 /s

10、/的区别的区别 mousemouth mousemouth sick-thick sick-thick force-forth force-forth / / she ship sheep fish shy shine shrink cash This shop sells fashionable shirts. She sells fresh fish from the ocean.Read the following tongue twister:She sells seashells on the seashore.She sells seashells on the seashore.

11、The shells she sells are seashells Im sure.The shells she sells are seashells Im sure.If she sells seashells on the seashore,If she sells seashells on the seashore,Then she sells seashore shells.Then she sells seashore shells./ /shape shame shine show should measure pleasure occasion persuasion/t/ /

12、d/ chair child children church orange age large college juice /t/ /d/ orange age large college juice jeep just joke jump a large college Every Jack has his Jill. Jack, just give me a large jar of jam. Jim and John enjoy the juice very much./tr/ /dr/ tree try trip trousers train countrydrive dream dr

13、y dress hundred strong /ts/ /dz/ cats kites streets puts fights needs hands friends birds thousandsI saw lots and lots of cats and kites.I saw lots and lots of cats and kites.The guards killed thousands and thousands of birds and cats.The guards killed thousands and thousands of birds and cats./m/ /

14、n/ / my me money most mouth some room comb him new night name now noon moon kind fine wine English sing song thing finger wing/l/ -/n/ light night line nine lion like Nike labor-neighbor low know lead need /n/- / /sin sing thing sun son song given giving clean- cling/ l / late like look sleep loud l

15、unch letter library elephant Lily late like look sleep loud lunch letter library elephant Lily small girl little middle school people beautiful wonderfulsmall girl little middle school people beautiful wonderful B. 连读连读 (Linking)：在连贯的语流中，前一个词的在连贯的语流中，前一个词的尾辅音尾辅音和后面紧跟的词的和后面紧跟的词的词首是元音词首是元音时，就时，就自然地拼在一

16、起读，这称之为连读自然地拼在一起读，这称之为连读,如：如：a lot of, one o f us, most o f us, all o f us, look a t it, a map of China, an exercise-book, half a n hour Can you speak English or French?在以字母在以字母r（或（或re）结尾的词中）结尾的词中，r（或（或re）一般是不发音的。但如果后面的词）一般是不发音的。但如果后面的词的的词首是元音时词首是元音时, r（或（或re）就发）就发/r/ 音，音，并与后面词的词首元音并与后面词的词首元音连读连读，如：

17、，如：a pair of shoes, for a long time Where(r)is he? There (r)i s a book on the desk.连读是连贯的、较快的语流中一种自然连读是连贯的、较快的语流中一种自然产生的现象产生的现象, 不要故意为连读而连读。不要故意为连读而连读。有时连句子本身都还读得不太流利却故有时连句子本身都还读得不太流利却故意连读意连读, 反而影响了语流的流畅反而影响了语流的流畅, 甚至混甚至混淆了意思或让人家根本听不懂你说的是淆了意思或让人家根本听不懂你说的是什么。例如：什么。例如：Try it over and over again. 连读：连读

18、： 音的同化音的同化 (Assimilation)在连贯言语中的词在连贯言语中的词, 不是一个一个孤立不是一个一个孤立地来读的地来读的, 它们几乎总是互相结合着出它们几乎总是互相结合着出现的。因此它们在语流中有可能受现的。因此它们在语流中有可能受相互相互间的影响间的影响而产生种种而产生种种语音变化语音变化,音的同化音的同化就是其中的一种。就是其中的一种。音的同化就是一个音音的同化就是一个音因为受了另外一个相邻的音的影响而发因为受了另外一个相邻的音的影响而发成了这两个音之外的第三个音。成了这两个音之外的第三个音。 a. j 与与 t 相邻时，相邻时， j 受了邻音受了邻音 t 的影响变成了的影响

19、变成了 音音, 与与 t 一起构成了一起构成了t, 例如：例如：Glad to meet you. 中的中的 mi:t ju在在连贯性的说话中可读成连贯性的说话中可读成 mi:tu。又如：。又如：Dont you know her? 中的中的 duntju: 可以读成可以读成 duntju: 。再如：再如：I thought you would come. 可以读可以读成成 ai :tu wud km . b. j 与与 d 相邻时相邻时, j 受了邻音受了邻音 d 的影响变成了的影响变成了 , 与与 d 一起构一起构 成了成了d , 例如：例如：Did you do it? 中的中的 did

20、 ju: 可以读成可以读成 didu: 。 又如：又如：Would you like to go with me? 可以读成可以读成 wu du: laik t u wi mi:? 再如：再如：Could you help me? 可以读成可以读成 ku du: hel (p) mi:? 强读和弱读： 英语中大约有50个最常用的单音节词，如a, of, the, and, from, as，must等，他们每个词都有两种或两种以上不同形式的读音，一种形式叫强读，其它的叫弱读。and /nd/ / nd/ /n/E.g. You and me / Ladies and gentlemenof /

21、v/, /v/, /v/, /f /E.g. a cup of teaare /a:/, /E.g. The days are shorter. Weak forms:1.大多数有弱读形式的单词中，元音都变成了大多数有弱读形式的单词中，元音都变成了/ 。 at /t/ as /z/ had /hd/ and /nd/ /n/ must /mst/ us /s/ but /bt/ can /kn/2.有少数几个单词弱读形式由有少数几个单词弱读形式由/ i :/变成了变成了/ i /。 be been me Read the following examples: in a minute Im c

22、oming. in and out He sat and ate. bread and butter as old as you She has been out. He does but I dont. You can go now.2. Sentence Stress In a normal English sentence, certain words are stressed and certain words are unstressed. n. v. adj. adv. number, some pron. (this, that, what) (Function Word ) a

23、rticle, auxil.v., conjunction, prep 句子重音句子重音 Sentence Stress句子重音的一般规则句子重音的一般规则实词重读实词重读 虚词不重读虚词不重读名词名词 一般都重读一般都重读 There is a book on the desk.My sister put up a picture on the wall.John wants to see the teacher after class.An elephant is an animal.代词代词常重读的代词有常重读的代词有 1 1指示代词指示代词This is not what I mean

24、.That isnt the one I asked for.Do you like these flowers?但如指示代词前后都有重音时，该指示代词可失去重音但如指示代词前后都有重音时，该指示代词可失去重音How do you like those little ones?Who wrote this interesting story?2. . 名词性物主代词名词性物主代词Yours is much nicer than mine.The red one is his.但在双重所有格中，物主代词往往不重读但在双重所有格中，物主代词往往不重读 Im writing to a friend

25、of mine.3. . 强调代词强调代词 I saw it myself.The man himself told me so.4疑问代词疑问代词 Who are you talking to?What can I do for you?Who came to see you this morning? 形容词（包括分词作形容词）一般都应重读形容词（包括分词作形容词）一般都应重读 数词一般都应重读数词一般都应重读The streets are wide, clean and beautiful.This narrow valley was the scene of a famous batt

26、le.His first daughter is fifteen.Its a dull and disappointing film.Thats exciting news.The worried man entered the crowded street.He bought ten cups and I bought only four.动词动词 主要动词，或称实意动词、行为动词主要动词，或称实意动词、行为动词（notional verb）都要重读都要重读 (be、have 除外除外) )He takes a walk after supper every day.Dont forget

27、your homework.I suppose you know him. 助动词和情态动词与助动词和情态动词与not构成的缩略式要重读构成的缩略式要重读 ( (该类词在肯定句中不重读该类词在肯定句中不重读) ) I dont want to go there today. He wasnt surprised when I told him the news. We cant stay any longer. Dont you think you shouldnt say such things? We must do it now, mustnt we?cannot不缩写成不缩写成cant

28、 时，重音也在时，重音也在can 上上I cannot agree with him. 然而Do 用于肯定句中表示强调时，总是重读的用于肯定句中表示强调时，总是重读的I do hope this will be effective.He does need your help.We did warn you before.Do drop in when you are in Xuzhou. 以上几类通常不重读的动词（以上几类通常不重读的动词（be, have,be, have,情态动词）用于简短回答，情态动词）用于简短回答， 或其后省略了主要动词时，要重读或其后省略了主要动词时，要重读; ;

29、用于一般疑问句句首有时重读，但在用于一般疑问句句首有时重读，但在 比较随便的谈话中不必重读比较随便的谈话中不必重读 ()Have you any brothers and sisters? Yes, I have.()Are you a student? Yes, I am.()Can you come this afternoon? Yes, I can.He said more than he should at the meeting. I dont want to go there, but I must.副词一般都重读副词一般都重读 They came back early yesterday. Where did you buy it? Why do you come? You meet people everywhere. Ive never heard of such a thing before. Perhaps shell arrive tonight.Tell him to come in. A car dashed past. Thank you for coming to see me off.但关系副词不重读但关系副词不重读 He visited the small village where he