高二英语Unit19TheMerchantofVenice教案

1、高二英语Unit19TheMerchantofVenice教案Unit19TantofVenice教案Period1GUESS:MaleEnglishPlaywrightRomeoJulietTobbe:thaquShakespeareIntroduakespeare:LivedPlaywright:comedies,tragedalplaysPoet:（十四行诗）MainWdies:AMidsummerNight'sDream（仲夏夜之梦）TwelfthNight（第十二夜）TantofVenice（威尼斯商人）All'sWellThatEndsWell皆大欢喜TWiveso

2、fWindsor温莎的风流妇人Tragedies:RomeoandJuliet（罗密欧与朱丽叶）Macbeth（麦克白）KingLear（李尔王）Hamlet（哈姆雷特）Othello（奥赛罗）TroilusCressida（特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达）H:HenryIV（亨利四世）HenryVIII（亨利八世）KingJohn（约翰王）Poems:T（十四行诗）ALoversComplaint（爱人的怨诉）Warmingup:Readthefollowingquotadakespeareplays.Doyuknowfromwhichpla?Whatdoyouamouswordsmeans?“Tob

3、be:thatisaquestion”HamletMeaning:Thatisaquestionwlivworldortodie,thaakeadg.“Uneasylivadthatwearsacrown”KingHenryIVMeaning:Thelifeofleaderisn'teasy.Havingmabilities,leadan'tsleepverywell.Neitheraborrowernoralenderbe.HamletMeaning:Becarefultotakeorgivu'dbetterbecareful“Romeo,Romeo,whyareyo

4、uRomeo?Denyyourfather,andrefuseyourname”RomeoJulietMeaning:Ifonlyyouhadadame,wewouldnothavblem.“Word,words,onlywords,nomaart”TroilusandCressidalMeaning:Emptywordalthougdeaart.Listening1. Inwdlaytakeplace?Whalaaralay?1. AA.theJudge2.ShylockB.amerchantofVBassanioC.Antonio'sfriend4. PortiaD.amoneyl

5、ender5. DukeE.Bassanio'swifeSuggestedanswers:1B2D3C4E5A2. MainidealayBassaniowantedtomarryPortia.HeaskeddAlendhi,000ducats.ButAadTheywlocktoborrowlockagreedtodoso.ButifAntoniodidn'tpaybawouldbecuundlesh.However,Antonio'werelost.ShylockstarteddemandinghispoundofflFillblanks1)ShelovesBassa

6、niobuannotgetmarriedbecauThenBassanioasksAlendhi,000ducats.2)Antonioglocktoborrow)ShylockaglendAbutAuallowShylakeapoundlanypabodannotpabacka)dayBassanioandPortiagetmarriedvealAayingthatallavebeenlostatsea.5)PortiaacleverplantosaveA)Dressedasalawarrivesauduke.7)InthelaysthatPortuaisalearnedyongdRome.

7、8)TheDukeacceptsPortiatotalaamouslawyerandhandlethisdifficultcase.Period2ReadingIntegratingskillLeadinTrageddiesMacbeth(哈姆雷特)AMidsummerNight'sDream第十二夜KingLear(奥赛罗)TwelfthNight威尼斯商人Hamlet(麦克白)TWivesofWindsor仲夏夜之梦Othello(李尔王)TantofVenice温莎的风流妇人FastreadingReadthetextandbestanswlockwasamoneylender,

8、whoA. asgladtolendwithoutcondB.workedhardtomakealwascruelandhatedAntonioD.fearednothing2. ShylocklentAusandducadat.A. AntoniowouldretuwithintwB.AntoniowouldretuwithapoundofflAntoniowouldletShylockhaveapoundofflailedtorepaD.ShylockwouldnotabalockrefusedtohavAntoniobecause.A. hehatedAntonioandintended

9、tokillhimB. hehaddgwrongandfearednojudgustedthelawsofVeniceandrefusedtochangdDugadgThephrase“soyoungabodywithsowiseahead”means.A.“suchayoungmanwuchwealth”B. “suchayoungmanwithsuchgreatwisdom”C. “amanwasesinwisdomwaseofage'D. “amanwhoisclever”5.Antoniowasnotabletopabalockbecause.A.HelostallatseaB

10、.Hedidn'twanttopabalockaskedtoomubackD.Heneedn'tpaback6. WhatdidShylockreallywant?A.HewantedathewasowedB. HewantedapoundofAntonio'sflHewantedjusticeD.HewantedtokillAThemainidealabablyis.A.HowShylockwaspunishedB.HowAntoniowassavedC. HowajudgmentbetweentwomerchantsofVeniceD. HowPortiahelpe

11、dwase8.FwecanconcludethatAntoniowas.A.AmerchantwhowasalwayshappytogivadviceB.AmoneylenderwhowasalwaysreadytolendAmerchantwhoneverrefusedtohelD.Amoneylenderwhowasgreedyandcruel9.AccordingPortiawas_.A.abeautifulladywithouB.alearnedyoungjudgeC. ayoungbeautifulladywithgreatwisdomD.afriendofA0.Inwritings

12、tylxtisa.A.dramaBableDuggestedanswers:CCABADCCCALadecideTrueorFallockhatedAntonioandwantedtotaall2.BassadtopayShylockmuanAadborrowedlockacceptedBassanio'Portia,Bassanio'swdedtobeajudge.5.BassagnizedhiswifeaurtagPortiaagreedtochangethelawalittle.Suggestedanswers:TTFTFFCarefullreadingTask1:Ana

13、ldevelBackgroundAntonioandBassanioborrow3,000ducalock,budebaidAustpaywundlesh.ProblemAntonio'arelost.AabletopaythedeblockstartsdemandinghispoundoffleshandbringsAurt.DevelTheDuketellsShylavAntonioandBassaaAasborrowedbutShyldonhavingonepoundlesh.ClimaxPortiadeclaresShylockmayhavundoffleshofAntonio

14、buless.AndifShylockldropofAntonio'sbloodfall,hewillloseallhislandandOulockbegHeispunishedthouglled.Task2.Analaraaractersandfindoulaytosuuridea.（Groupwork）charaarawingatulockCruelgreedyselld-bloodedstone-heartedvengeful（复仇心重的）crafty（狡诈的）1. I'vdtotaundofflesh.2. Iwouldstilltaundofflesh.Givundo

15、fflIdundoffll'vdbargainandIexIalegalrigIhaveswaventohavemypoundofflesh.Imusthaveit.Agenerouskindwarm-heartedweak1. It'suselgtoagreewithShylock.2. GiveShylockwhathewaDon'tbesadBassanioDevotedsimple-mindedcrude鲁莽ghtandwrong正义感1'llpayyousixthousandducausandducatsthatAntonioborrowed.2. I

16、atAasborrowed.3. PleasechangethelawalittlesothatwemaysaveAPortiacleverwiselearnedkindmercifulcalmbravbringsgoodallslgentlerauarth.Itblwhogiveitandthosewveit.2.Weshouldleawumustcuundofflless.Anddropofbloodmustfall.Post-readingDiscussion(Groupwork)1.Whatawomeaningsof“I'llpayhimbackwithallmyheart”?

17、Literalmeaning:Iwillpayhimbackbygivingmyownlife.Figurativemeaning:Iamvayhimbackall2.AclassicalbalausedasasymbolforTantofV)Whatisusuallyweighedwithabalance?Whatgalesleftandright?Abalanceisusedtoweighthingsyouwall.Thegoodsforsalegghtscale,andtheweightgleftscale.2)WhydoesPortiaaskShylockwbroughtabalanc

18、e?PortiaasksShylockwbroughtscalestomakesurethathecanonlytakeexactlyapoundofflA)Whadaningbalance?WhatisweighedinPortia'scourtoflaw?ThedaningbalaweightheargulockagadATopassjudegudgemustfindtherightbalance.IquestionwhatisfairandjustthatisreallyweighedinPortia'scourt.LanguagHavAlav/show宽恕某人E. g:

19、TheyhadNwasshow2.ItisuselgtoarguewithShylock.试图跟夏洛克讲道理是没有用的。(1) 在这个句型中it是形式主语，后面的动名词或者动名词短语是真正的主语。能以动名词作主语的这类句子比较少，主要用在以ugood等作表语的句子中。例如：Itsnousetalkingwithoutacting.=It'suselesstalkingwithoutacting.光说不干是没有用的。(2) it作形式主语用在itsawa+ing的句子中。例如：It'sjustawaalking(3)动名词作主语还可用于there+be+nouse(good)+i

20、ng句型中，例如：TheresnousetalkingabouIt'snousetalkingabouumightaswellgostandubeachandarguewa.may/mightaswelldosth还是做某事好；不如做某事e.g.Tgtodo,soImayaswellgotobed.4. Ifyouofferedmesixtimeswhatyouhavejud,Iwouldstilltaundofflesh.(if=evenif即使，引导让步状语从句)e.g.Iwouldn'twaid(1)Ais倍数(length,height,width)ofBTulenga

21、tone.这条街是那条街的4倍长。(=这条街比那条街长3倍。)(2)Ais倍数asbig(,long,high,wide)asBAsiaisfouaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(=亚洲比欧洲大三倍。)(3) Ais倍数bigger(longer,higher)thanBTg-biggerthanou会议室比我们的办公室大三倍。5. Pleasebeseatede.g.Hethenaskedmetobeseated. Sheseatedhersela ShesawafewpeopleseatedbenchatthebalaWhatareyouaccusedof?accuse

22、vt.指控，控告accusesb.of(doing)sth;chargesb.w控告某人某事E.g.Hewasaccusedofmurder.ThewomanchargedhimwithmurdIhaveswaventohavemypoundofflesh.我已经对天发誓要得到我的一镑肉。1) swearsth/todo;swearthat郑重的说；发誓；强调 Talswllthetruthbudge. Iswearthatyouarecompletelywrong2) swearsb使某人发誓；使某人宣誓Eg:MygirlfriendswIwillpayhimbackwithallmyhea

23、rt.我将用我的生命向他偿还。1)payback“偿还，报答”paysb.back(sth.)/paysth.backe.g.Susandoesn'tknowhowtopayhimbalp.2)“惩罚、报复”e.g.I'llpayhimbalayedNowpleasereadthrougxtveryquicklyanddases.1. 对表示怜悯2.最好还是3.对某人宣判4.希望得到怜悯5.一个非常棘手的案子6.坐下7.起诉某人8.撕毁;取消9.对天发誓10.流血过多而死11.偿还12.拥抱某人13.跪下14.任由摆布或控制15.在海上；摸不着头脑Answers:1.hav2.

24、mightaswell3.passjudgbaublesomecase6. beseated7.accusesbarup9.sweartoheaven10.bleedtodeath11.payback12.takesbinone'sarms13.godow'abeatseaFreetalk:Amongwhodoyoulikebestandwhy?Whichqualitydoyouanttoa?Giveyourreasons.Languagestudy:heagreedtolendAddition有一个条dat只要dition决不，在任何条件下都不Eg:I'lldat(条

25、件是)myparentsareinvited.(condition)GrammerRevisionandDiscussion(1) 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略)从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要作相应的变化。时态转换的一般规律：一般现在时一般过去时;现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时;一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时;过去完成时不变过去进行时不变时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化：直接引语间接引语人称Iwehe或指示代词a地点状语动词bringgotake时语nowdaythatdayton

26、ightthatnigdaythedaybwxt(following)dayla(w)(w)bx(w)xt(following)month(w)fou(w)agofou(w)bdayawtwodayslater(2) 疑问句(直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述语序(主语在谓语前面)句末用句号，主语的人称，时态和状语等也要相应的变化)1) .一般疑问句：直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether/if引导，主句中的谓语动词是said时要改为asked,没有间接宾语的可以加一个间接宾语(mehim或us等)2) .特殊疑问句：直接引语如果是特殊疑问句

27、，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。注意：whether后还可跟or但if不能，whether可用在介词后或带to的不定式前面，而if不能，但若宾语从句为否定句时，常用if而不用w).祈使句：转述祈使句时要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词其句型是：tell/ask/ord(not)todg.如果祈使句为否定式在不定式的前面加上notExercises:1Youcan'timaginewvedaA.howtheywereexcitedB. howexcitedtheywwexcitedwD.theywerehow

28、excited2. Canyoumakesurethegoldring?A. whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput3. ”thatagain!”fautedtomewhenIwasfoundplayingA.NevertodoB.Don'tneverdoC.DoneverD.Neverdo4. Canyoutellme?Sorry,Idon'tknowA.wanB.wawanD.thatmaniswhom5. Thepolicemanaskeduslyand.A.whatwa

29、sthematter;whatwasmynameB. whatwasthematter;whatmynamewasC. whatthematterwas;whatwasmynameD. whatthematterwas;whatmynamewaLihasjustarrived,butIdidn'tknowheuntilyesterday.A.willcomeBgC.hascomeD.wascomingaskedwA.whatwasthewrongB.whatthematterwasC.whatwrongwasD.whatwasthematter8.-WhywasMarysad?Shew

30、astoldlassagain.AB.don'DakesuretheboysA.don'tplaywBlaywlayingwD.alayw0.”Lendyourdictionalease?anesaidThaay,A.JaneaskedmetolendmydictionaB.JaneaskedmetolendyourdictionaaneaskedmetolendherdictionaD.JaneaskedmetoborrowmydictionaIGlasgowcallsyou“hen”Nottinghawadds“duck”dofwhathesadlude.A.they

31、9;rebeingB.they'veb'llbeD.theywere12.Mostmuseumswrejustforlooking.Buttodaavethingutotouch.Thesignsasy,”!”A.BetouchingB.TotouchC.DotouchD.Notouch13.WhenTimaskedwhyhehadtogotobedldaying”Theearlybirdmoreworms”.A.caughtB.caatchD.willcaayfather'sgrandmausedtotellhimthattheearthflat,butIknewsh

32、ewaswrong.Itoldfatherthattheearthround,likeaball.A.is;isB.is;wasC.was;isD.was;was15.HewantedtomakesureA.howwewbybusB.wheredidwegoC. whatdidwegD.whenwewuhavenoideathenA.howworriedIamB.howIwasworriedC.howworriedwasID.howworriedIwas17.bw?A.WhodoyousuggestB.WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC.Doyousuggestwhoshou

33、ldD.Doyousuggestwhomshould18.HewaslukyenoughtosellhiscarforexactlyA.wadpaidB.whathehadpaidwhathewaspaidD.wadpaid-Doyouknowhecame?-Iamnotsure.MaybarA.howB.whenC.whyD.what20waldhefoundwaantatall.A.thatwhyB.whythatC.whatwhyD.whywhat21.Ican'tremember.A.thefilmbeganwhenB.wlmbeganC.whendidthefilmbegin

34、D.thefilmwhenbegan22. Heaskedmetobuildthisplant.A.howlongitwastakenB.howlongithadtawmudidittakeD.howmuwastaken23. Aalesgirl.A.howmuchdidB.howmuwmuchdDwmuch24. Heaskeddictionary.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchIpaidD.howmuchdidIpay25. HeaskedTom,“Tom,wheredidyoureadit?”HeaskedTomreadit.A.wB.wh

35、eredidheC.wherehadheD.wad26. ”Dvearoundtheearth,Mr.Li?”askedaskedMrLundtheearth.A.that;movedB.whether;movedC.that;movesD.whether;moves27. Hesaid,”Youryoungbrotherb”HesaidthatyoungbA.your;hadbrokenB.your;b;hadbrokenD.my;broke28. Heaskedtheboy,”whoareyou?”HeaskedtheboyA.whowereyouB.whoyouwwaswhomDwhoh

36、ewas29. Theteachersaid:”don'tbelateagain.Theteacherbelateagain.A. saidB.toldthestudentsdon'ldthestudD.saidthathewouldnot30. Mikeaskedme,”whenwilllaneland?”mikeaskedme.A. wlanewilllandB.whenwilllanelandC.wlanewouldlandD.whenwouldlanelandKeys:1-5BCDBB6-10DDABA11-15ACBCD16-20DABCD21-25BBBCD26-3

37、0DCDCC完成句子：1.Bob(爱上)Kateaght.(fall)2.Youmust(决不)tellherwhathappened(condition)3.(一进入)Iturnedair-cond(on)4.Illastweekbuthe(忘记归还)(pay)ghbour,whowasalandlord,never(同情)anyone.(mercy)6. Areyou(指控我)cheating?(accuse)7. Heisaman(值得.的)tohaveaplaam.(worthy)angry,we(最好)leaveheralone.(might)9.Theaccusedman(宣称)h

38、ewasnotguilty.(declare)10.Itisuseless(学习)withoug.(learn)Period1GUESS:MaleEnglishPlaywrightRomeoJulietTobbe:thaqu?Introduction:LivedPlaywright:comedies,tragedalplaysPoet:（十四行诗）MainWdies:AMidsummerNight'sDream（仲夏夜之梦）TwelfthNight（第十二夜）TantofVenice（威尼斯商人）All'sWellThatEndsWell皆大欢喜TWivesofWindsor温

39、莎的风流妇人Tragedies:RomeoandJuliet（罗密欧与朱丽叶）Macbeth（麦克白）KingLear（李尔王）Hamlet（哈姆雷特）Othello（奥赛罗）TroilusCressida（特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达）H:HenryIV（亨利四世）HenryVIII（亨利八世）KingJohn（约翰王）Poems:T（十四行诗）ALoversComplaint（爱人的怨诉）Warmingup:Readthefollowingquotadakespeareplays.Doyuknowfromwhichpla?Whatdoyouamouswordsmeans?（onpage65）Lis

40、tening1. Inwdlaytakeplace?Whalaaralay?1. AA.theJudge2.ShylockB.amerchantofVBassanioC.Antonio'sfriend4. PortiaD.amoneylender5. DukeE.Bassanio'swife2. Mainidealaywantedtomarry.Heaskeddtolendhi,000ducats.ButhadTheywborrowagreedtodoso.Butifdidnpaybawouldbecuundlesh.Howevwerelost.starteddemanding

41、hispoundofflFillblanks1)ShelovesBassaniobuannotgetbecauThenBassanioalendhimducats.2)Antoniog)ShylocktolendAbutAulakealanypaannotpabacka)dayBassanioandPortiagetmarriedveafromAayingthatallatsea.5)PortiaaclevertoA)Dressedasa,shearrivesaduke.7)InthelaysthatPortuaisayongdRome.8)TheDukeacceptsPortiaamousl

42、awyerandthisdifficultcase.Period2ReadingLeadinTrageddiesMacbeth(哈姆雷特)AMidsummerNight'sDream第十二夜KingLear(奥赛罗)TwelfthNight威尼斯商人Hamlet(麦克白)TWivesofWindsor仲夏夜之梦Othello(李尔王)TantofVenice温莎的风流妇人FastreadingReadthetextandbestanswlockwasamoneylender,whoA. asgladtolendwithoutcondB.workedhardtomakealwascrue

43、landhatedAntonioD.fearednothing2. ShylocklentAusandducadat.A.AntoniowouldretuwithintwB.AntoniowouldretuwithapoundofflAntoniowouldletShylockhaveapoundofflailedtorepaD.ShylockwouldnotabalockrefusedtohavAntoniobecause.A.hehatedAntonioandintendedtokillhimB. hehaddgwrongandfearednojudgustedthelawsofVenic

44、eandrefusedtochangdDugadgThephrase“soyoungabodywithsowiseahead”means.A.“suchayoungmanwuchwealth”B. “suchayoungmanwithsuchgreatwisdom”C. “amanwasesinwisdomwaseofage'D. “amanwhoisclever”5.Antoniowasnotabletopabalockbecause.A.HelostallatseaB.Hedidn'twanttopabalockaskedtoomubackD.Heneedn'tpa

45、back6. WhatdidShylockreallywant?A.HewantedathewasowedB. HewantedapoundofAntonio'sflHewantedjusticeD.HewantedtokillAThemainidealabablyis.A.HowShylockwaspunishedB.HowAntoniowassavedC. HowajudgmentbetweentwomerchantsofVeniceD. HowPortiahelpedwase8. FwecanconcludethatAntoniowas.A.Amerchantwhowasalwa

46、yshappytogivadviceB.AmoneylenderwhowasalwaysreadytolendAmerchantwhoneverrefusedtohelD.Amoneylenderwhowasgreedyandcruel9. AccordingPortiawas_.A.abeautifulladywithouB.alearnedyoungjudgeC. ayoungbeautifulladywithgreatwisdomD.afriendofA0.Inwritingstylxtisa.A.dramaBableDLadecideTrueorFallockhatedAntonioa

47、ndwantedtotaall2.BassadtopayShylockmuanAadborrowedlockacceptedBassanio'Portia,Bassanio'swdedtobeajudge.5.BassagnizedhiswifeaurtagPortiaagreedtochangethelawalittle.CarefullreadingTask1:AnaldevelBackgroundAntonioandBassalock,budebaidAust.ProblemAntonio'，lock.DevelTheDuketellsShylocktoandBa

48、ssabutShyldon.ClimaxPortiadeclaresShylockmaybut.AndifShylockldropofAntonio'sbloodfall,.Oulock.Task2.Analaraaractersandfindoulaytosuuridea.(Groupwork)charaarawingatull'vetotaundofflesh.2.IwouldstillmypoundofflundofflImypoundoffll'vdandIexlmylegalriglhavetohavemypoundofflesh.lmusthaveit.Al

49、t'suselesstoagreewithShylock.2.GiveShylockhewaDon'tbBassanio1'llpayyouducausandducatsthatAntonioborrowed.2. latAasborrowed.3. PleasethelawalittlesothatwemaysaveAPortia2bringallslauarth.Iwhogiveitandthosew2.WeshouldleaumustcuundofflAnddropofbloodmust.Post-readingDiscussion(Groupwork)1.Wha

50、tawomeaningsof“I'llpayhimbackwithallmyheart”?Literalmeaning:Figurativemeaning:2.AclassicalbalausedasasymbolforTantofV)Whatisusuallyweighedwithabalance?Whatgalesleftandright?2)WhydoesPortiaaskShylockwbroughtabalance?3) Whadaningbalance?WhatisweighedinPortia'scourtoflaw?LanguagHavAlav/show宽恕某人

51、E. g:TheyhadNwasshow2.ItisuselgtoarguewithShylock.试图跟夏洛克讲道理是没有用的。(1)在这个句型中it是形式主语，后面的动名词或者动名词短语是真正的主语。能以动名词作主语的这类句子比较少，主要用在以ugood等作表语的句子中。例如：Itsnousetalkingwithoutacting.=It'suselesstalkingwithoutacting.光说不干是没有用的。(2)it作形式主语用在itsawa+ing的句子中。例如：It'sjustawaalking(3)动名词作主语还可用于there+be+nouse(good

52、)+ing句型中，例如：TheresnousetalkingabouIt'snousetalkingabouumightaswellgostandubeachandarguewa.may/mightaswelldosth还是做某事好；不如做某事e.g.Tgtodo,soImayaswellgotobed.4. Ifyouofferedmesixtimeswhatyouhavejud,Iwouldstilltaundofflesh.(if=evenif即使，引导让步状语从句)e.g.Iwouldn'twaid(1)Ais倍数(length,height,width)ofBTule

53、ngatone.这条街是那条街的4倍长。(=这条街比那条街长3倍。)(2)Ais倍数asbig(,long,high,wide)asBAsiaisfouaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(=亚洲比欧洲大三倍。)(3) Ais倍数bigger(longer,higher)thanBTg-biggerthanou会议室比我们的办公室大三倍。5. Pleasebeseatede.g.Hethenaskedmetobeseated. Sheseatedhersela ShesawafewpeopleseatedbenchatthebalaWhatareyouaccusedof?acc

54、usevt.指控，控告;accusesb.of(doing)sth;chargesb.w控告某人某事E. g.Hewasaccusedofmurder.ThewomanchargedhimwithmurdIhaveswaventohavemypoundofflesh.我已经对天发誓要得到我的一镑肉。1) swearsth/todo;swearthat郑重的说；发誓；强调 Talswllthetruthbudge. Iswearthatyouarecompletelywrong2) swearsb使某人发誓；使某人宣誓Eg:MygirlfriendswIwillpayhimbackwithall

55、myheart.我将用我的生命向他偿还。1) payback“偿还，报答”paysb.back(sth.)/paysth.backe.g.Susandoesn'tknowhowtopayhimbalp.2) “惩罚、报复”e.g.I'llpayhimbalayedNowpleasereadthrougxtveryquicklyanddases.1. 对表示怜悯2.最好还是3.对某人宣判4.希望得到怜悯5.一个非常棘手的案子6.坐下7.起诉某人8.撕毁;取消9.对天发誓10.流血过多而死11.偿还12.拥抱某人13.跪下14.任由摆布或控制15.在海上；摸不着头脑Language

56、study:heagreedtolendAddition有一个条dat只要dition决不，在任何条件下都不Eg:I'llcome(条件是)myparentsareinvited.(condition)GrammerRevisionandDiscussion(1)直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略)从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要作相应的变化。时态转换的一般规律：一般现在时一般过去时;现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时;一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时;过去完成时不变过去进行时不变时间状语、地点状语及某些

57、对比性的指示代词和动词变化：直接引语间接引语人称wehe或指示代词a地点状语动词bringgotake时间状语nowdaythatdaytonightthatnigdaythedaybwxt(following)dayla(w)(w)bx(w)xt(following)month(w)fou(w)agofou(w)bdayawtwodayslater(2)疑问句(直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述语序(主语在谓语前面)句末用句号，主语的人称，时态和状语等也要相应的变化)1).一般疑问句：直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether/if引导，主句中的谓语动词是said时要改为asked,没有间接宾语的可以加一个间接宾语(mehim或us等)2).特殊疑问句：直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。注意：whether后还可跟or但if不能，whether可用在介词后或带to的不定式前面，而if不能，但若宾语从句为否定句时，常用if而不用w).祈使句：转述祈使句时要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词其句型是：tell/ask/ord