第一部分第一阶段基础写作

1、第一部分 写作序列升级第一阶段 基础写作第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素第二讲 如何正确写出句子的各个成分第三讲 如何写出精彩高级句第四讲 如何写出完美片段目 录内江一中高2014级写作表达训练教学案第一部分 写作序列升级第一阶段基础写作 在英语写作中，学生最大的困扰是无法写出正确的句子，而传统“以考代练”的训练模式收效甚微。要从根本上提高英语写作水平，必须从认识句子的构成要素开始，先写好各种句子成分和基本的简单句，再写好各种高级复杂句，最后写出完美的精彩片段。为此，我们加大了基础写作的比重，旨在通过循序渐进的训练，一步步地提高学生的写作水平，做到厚积而薄发。第一阶段基础写作第一讲 如

2、何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素 简单句是表达思想的最小单位，写好简单句是写出高级句子和精彩文章的基础。而要写好简单句首先要了解简单句的各种构成要素。一、句子成分 句子成分包括以下九类。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素成分意义位置主语谓语句子的主体；谓语陈述、说明的对象，说明动作由“谁”发出常位于句首表示主语的行为或状态；是英语句子的灵魂、核心主语后第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素句前或句中对一句话作一些附加的说明插入语修饰词后对被修饰对象进行补充说明或作进一步解释同位语位置灵活说明动作“何时、何地、如何”发生；说明形容词或副词的程度状语名词前后用来说明或者限制名词定语宾语后补充

3、说明宾语的动作和状态宾补系动词后用来说明主语的身份、性质、状况等表语动词或介词后表示行为或活动的对象、接受者或受影响者宾语位置意义成分1Sun Yang, a champion in the London Olympics, is really a hit throughout the world.孙杨，伦敦奥运会冠军，轰动了全世界。句式分析第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素2To be honest, I found the film not so good.说实话，我觉得这部电影不是很好。句式分析第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素二、充当句子成分的各种形式 不同的词类、非谓语及

4、从句在句中充当不同的成分。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素表语、宾补、定语、状语、插入语副 词表语、宾补、定语、状语、插入语介词(短语)定语限 定 词主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、同位语数 词表语、宾补、定语、状语形 容 词主语、宾语、表语代词谓语动词(短语)主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、同位语名词(短语)各种词性所 作 成 分名 称形式第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素定语定语从句状语状语从句主语、宾语、表语、同位语名词性从句从句表语、宾补、定语、状语、插入语动词ed形式主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语、同位语、插入语动词ing形 式主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语、同位语

5、、插入语不 定 式非谓语所 作 成 分名 称形式On the first day of new term, we remained seated, excited, waiting for our new teacher turning up.新学期的第一天，我们兴奋地坐在教室里，等待着新老师的到来。句式分析第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素三、简单句的五种基本结构1主谓结构：主语谓语(不及物动词)(1)主谓结构中谓语常用来表示主语的动作或状态。这种句型中的 谓语动词为不及物动词，故不能接宾语，也没有被动语态。 常见的不及物动词或短语有：arrive, walk, fall, rise,

6、 happen, exist, ride, occur, agree, flow, take place, break out, come about等。 Liu Yang rode freely in Tiangong1 space lab. 刘洋在天宫一号太空实验室里轻松地骑自行车。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素(2)不及物动词或短语后不能接宾语，要特别注意英汉表达的差异。他家昨晚发生了一场火灾。His home broke out a fire last night.( )A fire broke out in his home last night.( )点睛break ou

7、t意为“爆发”，是一个不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语。练一练本周五晚自习之后我们将于800在学生俱乐部集合。(2012全国卷书面表达)_第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素Well gather at the Students Club at 8 pm.this Friday, after the evening classes.第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素2主谓宾结构：主语谓语(及物动词)宾语(1)这种句型中的谓语动词必须是及物动词或动词短语，可 有被动语态。 We all possess the same chance. 我们都拥有相同的机会。(2)在“动词介词”的动词短语

8、中，宾语只能接在介词之后；在 “动词副词”的动词短语中，作宾语的名词放于副词前后皆 可；作宾语的代词只能放在副词之前。 Please wake Li Ling up ( wake up Li Ling) at six thirty in the morning. ( ) Please wake her up at six thirty in the morning. ( ) Please wake up her at six thirty in the morning. ( )第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素句式升级有些“主谓宾结构”的句子虽然短小，但表达的含义更精确，语言更地道。I

9、could not say any word.Words failed me.(单词虽然少，句子更精悍)练一练我们每个人都将准备一个小礼物。(2012全国卷书面表达)_第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素We each will prepare a little present.3主系表结构：主语系动词表语(1)这种句型中的谓语动词为系动词，无被动语态，也无进行时 态。常见的系动词有be，还有感官系动词 (sound/look/ smell/taste/feel)，变化系动词 (become/get/grow/turn/go/ fall/run)，持续系动词(remain/keep/hol

10、d/stay)，表像系动词 (seem/appear/look)等。 Wu Bin, the hero bus driver of Hangzhou, kept calm in face of danger. 吴斌，杭州最美司机，在危险面前保持冷静。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素(2)同一个单词的不同词性作表语时，所表达的意义是不同的， 这也是学生写作时常犯错误之一。 Learning English is hard.(形容词作表语)( ) Learning English is a hardship. (抽象名词具体化)( ) Learning English is hardshi

11、p.( ) (3)在主系表结构中要注意英汉表达的差异，避免汉式英语。 A：这件外套很贵。 The price of the coat is very expensive.( ) The coat is very expensive.( ) The price of the coat is very high.( )第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素点睛表示价格的词price只能用“高”或“低”，即high或low来修饰，而不能像汉语一样用“贵”或“贱”来形容。B：上海的人口比北京的人口多。The population of Shanghai is more than that of Be

12、ijing. ( )The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.( )点睛population是不可数名词，说“人口多或少”要用large或small (比较级larger或smaller)，不能受汉语的影响，用many或few (比较级more或fewer)来表示。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素C：我方便时来看你。I will see you if I am convenient.( )I will see you if it is convenient to me.( )点睛convenient只修饰事物不修

13、饰人，常用的结构是：sth. be convenient to sb./Its convenient to sb./Its convenient to do sth.练一练我是李华，一名来自中国的中学生。(2012新课标全国卷书面表达)_第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素Im Li Hua, a middle school student from China.4主谓宾宾结构：主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语(1)这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，指人的宾语称为间接 宾语，指物的宾语称为直接宾语。通常间接宾语在前， 直接宾语在后。 Hegave me some beautiful photos.

14、主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素(2)双宾语结构只能跟在某些及物动词后面，主要有三类动词： give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send, pay, pass, allow, return等。这一类动词后的间接宾语可以 用介词to引导的短语来表示。 Please hand him a book! Please hand a book to him! 请递给他一本书。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素buy, do, get, fetch, save, make, sing, c

15、hoose等。这一类动词后的间接宾语可以用介词for引导的短语来表示。Her father bought her a bike. Her father bought a bike for her.她的父亲给她买了一辆自行车。ask, answer, take, cost等。这一类动词无法改变结构形式。May I ask you a question?我可以问你一个问题吗？第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素练一练他们给运动员发去了贺信。 _They sent the athletes a letter of congratulation.They sent a letter of cong

16、ratulation to the athletes.第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素5主谓宾补结构：主语十谓语十宾语十宾语补足语该结构中的宾语补足语可以由名词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当。写作时应熟练掌握“名词作宾语补足语”这种写作中的高级表达形式。(1)常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, elect, make, appoint, leave, consider, keep, wish等。Her parents died, leaving her an orphan.她父母双亡，使她成了孤儿。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素(2)常用形容词

17、充当宾语补足语的动词有：believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, wish, consider, prove, leave, paint, drive等。He didnt consider himself (to be) important.他并不认为自己重要。(3)只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, excuse等。She caught her son smoking a cigarette.她看到她儿子抽烟。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素(4)只能用不定

18、式作宾语补足语的动词有：wish, expect, prefer, encourage, allow, permit, remind, ask, invite, request, persuade, command, require, force, forbid等。I would prefer you not to change your plan.我宁愿你不要改变计划。(5)既能用分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, observe, listen to, hear, feel, have, hate, get, set, leave等。I saw him enter the ha

19、ll.我看到他进入了大厅。I saw him taken out of the hall.我看到他被带出了大厅。第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素点睛注意英文中有些单词，如agree等，后面不能接不定式作宾补，要注意英汉表达的差异。妈妈同意我今天晚上去看电影。Mother agreed me to see a film this evening.( )Mother allowed me to see a film this evening.( )练一练你会发现英语是通向如此丰富知识的桥梁。_You will find English a bridge to so much knowled

20、ge.第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素.基础巩固(写出加兰部分在句中作的句子成分)1China is a great country. _2I like spring very much. _3John plays the piano well. _4He is a student from our school. _5I gave him some money. _名词作主语动词作谓语名词作宾语名词作表语名词作宾语第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素6. The man in red Tshirt is our English teacher. _7I usually go to

21、 school by bike. _8Li Hua, our monitor, is a girl. _9Who do you think is the best student in our class？ _ 介词短语作定语副词作状语名词短语作同位语动词短语作插入语第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素.能力提升1按要求翻译句子(1)自从2000年以来杨各庄发生了很大变化。(主谓结构) _(2)第二天，我们一早就出发了。(主谓结构) _(3)上周末我们班组织了一次社会实践活动。(主谓宾结构) _(4) 我们选出李华作队长。(主谓宾补结构) _Great changes have taken

22、 place in Yang Ge Village since 2000.The next day, we set off early in the morning.Last weekend our class organized a social practice activity.We chose Li Hua our captain.第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素(5)当地的人们都很友好。(主系表结构) _(6)那花儿闻起来很香。(主系表结构) _(7) 这次活动给我留下了深刻印象。(主谓宾宾结构) _(8)她在给朋友购买礼品。(主谓宾宾结构) _ _The local peo

23、ple are all friendly.The flowers smell sweet.The activity left me a deep impression.Shes buying her friend a present (gift)/Shes buying a present (gift) for her friend.第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素2选用以上句子组建短文介绍一次社会实践活动参考范文： _ Last weekend our class organized a social practice activity. We chose Li Hua our ca

24、ptain，and the next day，we set off early in the morning. Great changes have taken place in Yang Ge Village since 2000. The flowers smell sweet and the local people are all friendly. The activity left me a deep impression.第一讲 如何正确理解简单句的各种构成要素第一课时如何写好主语主语是一个句子中最重要、最核心的两个部分之一。一、单词作主语1主语通常由名词、代词、数词或名词化的形

25、容词充当All efforts will be in vain if we cant learn English by practicing repeatedly.(名词作主语)如果我们不通过反复练习来学习英语，所有的努力将付之东流。第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语2单词作主语时要注意谓语动词的单复数。(1)使用高级词汇(except, besides, with, as well as, together with, along with等)连接主语。(注意谓语动词一般与前面主语一致)The teacher with his students is going to visit the mus

26、eum.老师和他的学生们要去参观博物馆。(2)使用高级量词(quantity, amount等)修饰主语。(注意谓语动词的单复数形式)第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语练一练周六早晨，我和祖父母一起在网上查找列车时刻、北戴河的天气以及旅馆信息。(2010北京书面表达)_募集了大量的善款来帮助那些遭受水灾的人们。A large quantity of money _.Large quantities of money _.On Saturday morning, I together with/as well as/along with my grandparents,

27、 searched the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel information. has been collected to help those suffering from the floods have been collected to help those suffering from the floods第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语二、动名词作主语1直接位于句首作主语In my opinion, cloning should be dealt with caref

28、ully.我认为应该慎重对待克隆。句式升级动名词作主语可以使句子更加简练、高级。Our school forbids us students to go out of the campus and we are strongly against it.Forbidding us students to go out of the campus has raised a storm of objections.第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语练一练We know of different cultures by learning English. gives us an access to an

29、exploration of a variety of cultures.2. 用it作形式主语 为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，较复杂的动名词短语作主语 时，可用it作形式主语，把动名词短语置于句末。Learning English常用句型：Itbe名词或形容词(good， no good， no use， fun， pleasure，better， wonderful， enjoyable， interesting， foolish， difficult， useless)动名词It is no good learning without practice.学而不用无益。练一练给他提建议没用。

30、.It is no use advising him第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语3动名词的复合结构作主语动名词有时可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构，在句中作主语。Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.他们来帮忙对我们是一个很大的鼓舞。三、动词不定式作主语1直接位于句首作主语To have a positive attitude is wise when we are let down.当遭遇挫折时，怀有积极的态度是很明智的。第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语2用it作形式主

31、语有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，放在句首，将作主语的不定式放在句末。If they adjust their mind a little, it is not hard for them to find that life is just as promising as before.如果他们对于思路稍加调整，就不难发现生活和以前一样充满阳光。常用句型一：Itbe形容词(interesting， important， hard， difficult/impossible .) for sb. to do sth. “做某事对于某人来说”第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语Its rude

32、 of him not to invite you.没有邀请你，他很失礼。常用句型二：Itbe形容词(good， kind， nice， clever， foolish， right，polite， impolite， rude， brave， stupid， silly， selfish .)of sb. to do sth. “能够做真是”常用句型三：Itbe名词(ones responsibility，ones honor，a hardship，a pleasure .) to do sth. “做是某人的责任/某人的荣幸/一件艰苦的事情/一件快乐的事情”第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语I

33、t is our responsibility to learn advanced science and technology to build socialism.学习先进的科学技术来建设社会主义是我们的责任。It took us a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.徒步到达山顶花了我们一整天。常用句型四：It takes (sb.)时间(金钱)to do sth.“做某事花费某人多少时间(金钱)”第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语练一练我们不可能按时把这项工作完成。_你帮助我做这项工作，真是太好了。_在这里发言我很荣幸。

34、Its an honor here.It is impossible for us to finish the work on time.Its very kind of you to help me with the work.to make a speech3疑问词(who, what, which, when, where, whether, how)动词不定式作主语什么时候动身去上海还没有决定。When to leave for Shanghai has not been decided yet.第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语点睛动词原形不能作主语，可以用动名词或不定式。动名词作主语表

35、示抽象的、泛指的动作，尤其是一般行为倾向；不定式作主语表示具体的动作。当动名词短语或不定式短语很长时，可用it作形式主语。Read as much as possible is necessary.( )Reading as much as possible is necessary.( )It is necessary to read as much as possible.( )第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语四、从句作主语主语从句 从句作主语(即主语从句)，这种句型属于高级句式，要注 意把握句子的正确性；主语从句常使用it作形式主语。It is uncertain whether he c

36、an come to Jennys birthday party or not.还不能确定他是否会参加詹妮的生日聚会。常用句型一：Itbe形容词/名词词组/过去分词/现在分词主语从句常用句型二：It不及物动词(seem/appear/happen/occur to .)主语从句第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语It happened that he was out when I got there.当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。练一练人们通常认为足够的新鲜空气有助于保持健康。_我突然想起做这项工作不是一个挑战而是一个机遇。(occur)_It is widely believed that plent

37、y of fresh air contributes to good health.It occurred to me that it was not a challenge but a chance to do such a job.第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语.基础巩固(写出下列句子的主语)1My pen friend is an American girl. _2His being late made his boss angry._3To see is to believe._4Jim and Tim work together to solve the problem._5What

38、 he said did not agree with what he did._my pen friendhis being lateto seeJim and Timwhat he said第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语1按要求翻译句子(1)不擅长和别人交流让我感到孤独。(用动名词作主语)_(2)老师和朋友们给了我一些建议。(用名词作主语；together with)_(3)了解同学们的好恶是基本的。(用不定式作主语；it作形式主语)_Not being good at communicating with others made me feel lonely.My teacher tog

39、ether with my friends gave me some advice.It is essential to learn about the classmates likesand dislikes.能力提升第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语(4)积极参加在班级中举行的讨论是十分重要的。(用不定式作主语)_(5) 耐心地倾听别人是件快乐的事情。(用动名词作主语；it作形式主语)_(6)他们建议我只要有可能就应该学着去帮助别人。(用从句作主语；It was suggested that .)_To take an active part in the discussions held i

40、n the class is important/of great importance.It is a pleasure listening to other people patiently.It was suggested that I should learn to help others when necessary.第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语(7)随着时间的流逝，同学们正在开始更多地了解我。(用集合名 词class作主语)_(8)遵照他们的建议，我已经取得了成功。(用代词作主语)_With time going on, the class are beginning to kn

41、ow me better.I have made it by following their advice.第二讲 第一课时 如何写好主语2选用以上句子组建短文介绍自己的人际关系变化参考范文：_ Not being good at communicating with others made me feel lonely. My teacher together with my friends gave me some advice. To begin with, it is essential to learn about the classmates likes and dislikes.

42、 In addition, to take an active part in the discussions held in the class is important/of great importance. Whats more, it is a pleasure listening to other people patiently. Last but not least, it was suggested that I should learn to help others when necessary. As a result, with time going on, the c

43、lass are beginning to know me better. I have made it by following their advice.第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语第二课时如何写好谓语 谓语动词是句子中最关键、最核心的部分。写好谓语动词的关键是要考虑到句子的时态、语态、语气等的变化。一、谓语的时态 动作的发生和状态的存在有一定的时间和表现方式，这就是英语动词的时态。英语动词的时态主要由动词的不同形式来表示。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语1常见文体的时态时态错误是写作中的常见错误，时态的准确应用是英语写作的一项基本技能。不同文体会用到不同的主要时态。如记叙文常用一般过去时

44、，说明文常用一般现在时，通知等应用文常用一般将来时。因此，在审题时，首先要确定是何种文体，然后根据题目要求，确定用到的主要时态。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语2写作时常见的时态错误(1)混用现在完成时和一般过去时这个外国教授来中国五年了。The foreign professor has come to China for five years.( )The foreign professor has been in China for five years. ( )The foreign professor came to China five years ago. ( )点睛有些瞬间性动词

45、不能用于现在完成时，如果与表一段时间的状语连用，需要用相应的表示状态的动词。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语(2)误用现在进行时代替一般现在时现在我懂得这一课了。I am understanding the lesson now.( )I understand the lesson now.( )点睛一般来说，表示状态而不表示动作过程的动词没有进行时。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语(3)误用过去时代替过去完成时我到电影院时，电影已经放映了15分钟。The film started for fifteen minutes when I got to the cinema.( )The film h

46、ad been on for fifteen minutes when I got to the cinema.( )点睛当叙述过去某一行为之完成早于另一行为之完成时，先完成的用过去完成时，后完成的用一般过去时。另外，start为瞬间动词，不能和一段时间连用。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语(4)错用复合句中的时态如果他邀请我，我就参加他的聚会。If he will invite me Ill go to his party.( )If he invites me Ill go to his party.( )点睛如果主句里的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么条件或时间状语从句里的谓语动词用一般现在时代

47、替一般将来时。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语练一练用所给动词的适当形式填空There (be) many examples around us. Some allA students in school (turn) out not to be as successful in society as they (be) expected.(2010陕西书面表达)I (not see) you for a long time since we _(part) last time and it (be) a month since you _(come) to Beijing. How you (

48、get) on with everything？(2011山东书面表达)arehave turnedwerehavent seenpartedis/has beencamearegetting第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语二、谓语的语态 英语句子有主动语态和被动语态两种。被动语态作为英语句子的一种非常重要的表达手段，在写作时适时使用，不但可以丰富文章的句式，有时也可以化解一些表达上的难题。受母语的影响，学生在写作中使用被动语态这种高级表达形式的频率不高，因此在语言的驾驭能力上显得不是那么随心所欲。写作时，请牢记下面三种使用被动语态的情况。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语1不知道或没有必要说明动作

49、的执行者是谁The teacher is highly thought of.这位教师受到高度评价。2出于礼貌等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁You are sincerely invited to a party to be given/held at the Teachers Club.真诚地邀请您参加在教师俱乐部举行的派对。3强调动作的承受者The song was composed by a student.这首歌曲是一名学生谱写的。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语点睛不能使用被动语态的情况：(1)不及物动词或一些动词短语无被动语态，如happen, last, sit, stand

50、, break out, take place等；(2)有些表示状态、属性的及物动词不能用于被动语态，如have, marry, own, wish等；(3)系动词无被动语态。第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语三、谓语的语气 在英语写作中，根据不同的表达需要，要使用动词的不同语气。英语句子中谓语动词的语气有三种：1直陈语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。He has written quite a number of articles this year. 他今年已写了很多篇文章。2祈使语气祈使语气用于提出请求、命令、建议或劝告等。Wait outsid

51、e until you are asked.请在外面等候，请你进时再进去。句式升级恰当地使用祈使句可以起到加强语气的作用。 We should turn off the electric facilities when we finish our work.Make sure to form the habit of turning off the electric facilities whenever we finish our work.(祈使句和whenever的使用让语气显得更强烈)第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语3虚拟语气恰当地使用虚拟语气能够让写作锦上

52、添花，在写作中常用的虚拟语气句型有：I wish you were more careful.但愿你更细心一些。wish宾语从句；虚拟条件句；insist/order/suggest .宾语从句；It is required/requested . that从句第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语句式升级恰当地使用倒装句，可以使句式显得更加高级。If I had worked hard at school, my life today would be quite different.Had I worked hard at school, my life today would be quite

53、different.少了一个词(if), 前进一大步(倒装)练一练我要是钱多一点，我就多买一些书。 , I would buy some more books.老师坚持要我们使用英英词典。The teacher insisted _.If I had/Had I more money that we (should) use an EnglishEnglish dictionary第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语.基础巩固(用所给动词的适当形式填空)1The young man (plan) to come to Beijing for a better job last month.2 The

54、 workers demanded that their living conditions should (improve)3By the end of last year we (build) many new houses.plannedbe improvedhad built第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语4Tom (write) a book about China last year but I dont know whether he (finish) it.5The students often (tell) to take care of their desks and cha

55、irs.6That play (put) on again sometime next month.能力提升1按要求翻译句子(1)在2014年9月9日7点将在报告厅举行(give)一场文艺演出。(将来时；被动语态)_was writinghas finishedwill be putA performance will be given in the lecture hall at 7 oclock on September 9th, 2014.aretold第二讲 第二课时 如何写好谓语(2)所有学生应该(suppose)在演出开始前10分钟到达。(被动语态)_(3)所有人应该(expect

56、)作文明观众。(被动语态)_(4)确保(make sure)不要在大厅乱丢垃圾。(祈使句)_(5)我希望大家能有个愉快的夜晚。(虚拟语气；wish从句)_All students are supposed to arrive 10 minutes earlier before the performance begins.All are expected to be civilized audiences.Make sure you dont leave litter in the hall.I wish we all would have a nice evening!第二讲 第二课时 如何

57、写好谓语2选用以上句子组建一篇通知参考范文： _ _ _ _ _ Notice A performance will be given in the lecture hall at 7 oclock on September 9th, 2014. All students are supposed to arrive 10 minutes earlier before the performance begins. All are expected to be civilized audiences and make sure you dont leave litter in the hall

58、. I wish we all would have a nice evening! 第二讲 第三课时 如何写好宾语第三课时如何写好宾语 宾语是谓语动词动作的对象或承受者，可以是人，也可以是物或事。一、单词作宾语 She has a very pleasant smile and always has a twinkle in her eyes.(名词作动词的宾语) 她笑得很灿烂，总是闪烁着那双大眼睛。第二讲 第三课时 如何写好宾语点睛不及物动词必须在后面加适当的介词才能接宾语。If we interfere with nature, we will have to deal with the

59、 consequences.如果我们打乱自然规律，我们必须承担严重的后果。练一练这些天我们一直在找他。(代词作介词的宾语)_We have been looking for him these days.第二讲 第三课时 如何写好宾语二、非谓语动词短语作宾语1接动名词作宾语的常见动词(短语)：enjoy, mind, excuse, forgive, practice, imagine, suggest, advise, escape, avoid, finish, complete, consider (考虑), tolerate (忍受), keep on, insist on, give

60、 up, succeed in, feel like, have difficulty/trouble/fun/pleasure (in), prefer to, lead to, look forward to, pay attention to, be close to, be/get used/accustomed to等第二讲 第三课时 如何写好宾语2接不定式作宾语的常见动词(短语)：plan, decide, expect, intend, promise, wish, hope, desire, learn, offer, afford, manage, fail, pretend