《英语专八听力技巧》课件

1、TEM 8 Listening comprehensionGeneral Introduction1hTEM 8 Listening comprehensionGCourse PlanFirst time: pronunciation and some exerciseSecond time: note-taking skills and mini-lectureThird time: conversation or interviewFourth time: News report and a model testFifth time: test strategiesThere are so

2、me exercises followed every lecture.2hCourse PlanFirst time: pronuncTEM8 LISTENINGPRONUNCIATION3hTEM8 LISTENINGPRONUNCIATION3hSTAIRCASE INTONATIONDo not speak word by word!Connect words to form sound groupsUse staircase intonationA noun would start a new staircase when we want to emphasize this info

3、rmation。4hSTAIRCASE INTONATIONDo not speWhat is staircase intonation?5hWhat is staircase intonation?5Nouns are always on the top of the staircases.Pronouns are always on the bottom of the staircases along with a stress of a verb.In a statement, nouns would be at the same height as the pronouns, whil

4、e in a question, nouns would take a more important place than other words.In emotional or rhetorical questions, nouns are always on the top of the staircase with a rising intonation.6hNouns are always on the top ofSpellings and numbersFor abbreviation, the last letter should not be reduced but stres

5、sed. -IBMFor word spellings, the last letter also should be stressed. - WilsonFor numbers area code: 0086 zip code: 410082 date: 4/1/08 phone number: 0800-799-4907hSpellings and numbersFor abbreDistinctive soundsThe vowel sounds“A” in stressed closed syllables would sound like / in American accent.I

6、 cant dance, but you can.Lets listen and read:8hDistinctive soundsThe vowel so “O” in a stressed closed syllable would sound like / in American accent.Its very hot here.Lets listen and read:9h 9hThe schwa /A mid-central neutral vowel, typically occurring in unstressed syllables, as the final vowel o

7、f English sofa. Also called indeterminate vowel.We have to talk through our teeth from far back in our throat when speaking in American accent instead of moving our lips much.Lets listen and read: 10hThe schwa /10hThe L soundThe difference among T/D plosive, N nasal, and L lateral.Read after the rec

8、ording. Final L with schwaMany final LsFinal L practiceLets listen and read:11hThe L soundThe difference amonThe American TAt the top of a staircase, T is pronounced T.In the middle of a staircase, it is pronounced as D.At the bottom of a staircase, it isnt pronounced at all.T is held before N in ta

9、in and ten endings.T is silent after N with lax vowels.12hThe American TAt the top of a Word connection rulesConsonant vowelConsonant consonantVowel vowelT,D,S or Z + Y T+Y=CH D+Y=J S+Y=SH Z+Y =ZHLETS PRACTICE!13hWord connection rulesConsonantCommon reductionUnstressed pronounsH and TH sounds in uns

10、tressed pronouns are often dropped.Tag endingsWith a query, the intonation rises.With confirmation, the intonation drops.Reducing articlesSqueezed out syllables14hCommon reductionUnstressed proCommonly reduced soundsThere are a lot of commonly reduced sounds in American accent. While youre listening

11、 to the following parts of the recording and repeat.To/at/it/for/from/in/an/and/or/are/your/one/the/a/of/can/had/would/was/what/someMost of the vowels like/,/a:/,etc. would be reduced into /15hCommonly reduced soundsThere aTem8 listeningNote-taking skills & Mini-Lecture16hTem8 listeningNote-taking s

12、kilShort Form Strategy Trainingntk-g(sht) - note-taking (short form)Short form note-taking methodsThe following are five most frequently used ways of shorthand writing.sylb syllablecnsnt(-vwl) consonants (no vowels)end-g endings symb symbols stnd abbr standard abbreviations 17hShort Form Strategy Tr

13、ainingnTry out all the different ways carefully to get an idea of short form notes.Keep in mind that you should develop a short form writing system of your own.18hTry out all the different ways常用的符号+ : many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc. +(+2) more +3 most : little, few, lack ,in sh

14、ort of/ be in shortage of etc. ：wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, etc. 表示多于概念：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.表示高 概念：superior to，surpass, etc. 表示少于概念：less/smaller，etc.表示低概念：inferior to，etc. 19h常用的符号+ : many, lots of, a grea= 表示同等概念：means，that is to say， in other word

15、s，the same as，be equal to, etc.表示对手概念：a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( ) 表示在.之间：among, within, etc. 表示不同概念：be different from, etc. 表示无敌概念：matchless, peerless, etc. 表示大约概念：about/around，or so， approximately, etc./ 表示否定，消除等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc.-ism：m socialism Sm-tion：n standardiz

16、ation (标准化)stdn20h= 表示同等概念：means，that is to sa-cian 简 简写为o 例如：techniciantecho-ing 简写为g 例如：marketing (市场营销) MKTg-ed 简写为d 例如：acceptedacptd-able/ible/ble 简写为bl 例如：available avbl-ment 简写为mt 例如：amendmentamdmt-ize 简写为z 例如：recognize regz-ful 简写为fl 例如：meaningful mnfl21h-cian 简 简写为o 例如：technicianMini-Lecture

17、 and gap-filling要求先听一篇900-1000个单词左右的讲座，约7-8分钟，边听边做笔记，讲座完了之后整理笔记两分钟，然后发答卷，用十分钟的时间完成10个空格的填空任务。讲座的内容很广泛，但是学术性比较强，使用的语言比较规范，虽然会出现一些专有名词和术语，但是一般不会影响理解。讲座的整体结构很分明，逻辑性强，信息词连接词出现频繁，一旦掌握了逻辑思路，就比较容易提高做题的正确率。22hMini-Lecture and gap-filling要求常考的题型和解决方法细节题：常常出现在举例、解决方法等细节性的题中。要点题：一般是讲座的提纲性内容或者框架。推断题、归纳总结题：考查理解能

18、力和语言应用能力。一般要根据笔记和记忆中的细节内容来推出答案。这类型的题只要符合原文含义、语法上正确就OK。23h常考的题型和解决方法细节题：常常出现在举例、解决方法等细节性平时训练方法听懂主题理清逻辑顺序，有选择的记笔记，而不是什么都记。注意讲座的开头，一般讲座都会开门见山指出主题和分几点做出分析。决定如何利用草稿纸24h平时训练方法听懂主题24h提高长时间记忆力a. 目的性记忆b. 复述记忆c. 关键词句记忆25h提高长时间记忆力25h提高记笔记能力a. 把握讲座的结构： 垂直或阶梯式，要留空间。b. 了解出题意图：一般细节题会占5分左右；但要注意词性的转换、思维角度的转换26h提高记笔记

19、能力26hTEM 8 LISTENING COMPREHENSIONINTERVIEW OR CONVERSATION27hTEM 8 LISTENING COMPREHENSIONI选材特点此部分的听力材料是一篇800-900词的对话或者访谈，语速在160词/分钟。大概6分钟左右。在98-08年的专八考试中，有8篇是人物访谈，其他3篇是比较零散的对话。材料涉及专业化的知识介绍，语言则趋于口语化。题目和选项都会在试题册上写出，共5题。28h选材特点此部分的听力材料是一篇800-900词的对话或者访谈常考的题型受访者或对话人的身份：抓住细节，合理分析。受访者或对话人的行为：正面询问题（很少出现）

20、；反面询问（排除干扰找出答案）受访者或对话人的态度：没有直接的答案，需要一定的推理分析能力。出现频率相当高。注意说话人的语气，以及体现态度的词汇：29h常考的题型受访者或对话人的身份：抓住细节，合理分析。29hcalm and quiet/ nervous and numb/ timid and confused/ shocked and angry/ uncaring/ strict/ affectionate/ permissive/ amusement/ disbelief/ ecstasy/ delight/ supportive/ negative/ ambiguous/ cauti

21、ous/ reserved/ prejudiced/ polite/ prudent/ frustration/ haunted/ confident but moody/ successful yet unsatisfied/ anger/ sadness/ help/ no effect/ positive/ neutral/ willing and ready/ mildly eager/ a bit surprised/ very reluctant/ strongly in favor of (against)/ mildly in favor of(against)/ 30hcal

22、m and quiet/ nervous and nu细节题：一般询问时间，地点，事件，原因等等。注意不要太浮躁，特别是在题目中有NOT,BUT,EXCEPT/INCORRECT 等词的时候，一定要排除干扰。总结题：一般会出现MAIN,CONCLUDE等词。要注意搞清楚需要总结的是哪一部分的内容。推理题：近年都比较流行。比较难。31h细节题：一般询问时间，地点，事件，原因等等。注意不要太浮躁，常用的应试方法浏览试题，找出重点。找出题眼，关键的信息。四个选项的不同点32h常用的应试方法浏览试题，找出重点。32h勤于动笔，细听快记。试题的设计有时候会不按照访谈的顺序，应该在记笔记的同时理解访谈的内

23、容。推理题一般不会直接给出答案，要根据笔记的内容来推断。33h勤于动笔，细听快记。33h根据interviewer的问题，追踪答案。排除干扰项，剩下正确答案。一定要耐心。细心找出蛛丝马迹，引出态度。注意一些表达情感、观点的词汇；以及说话人的语气。细听首尾，总结大意。（特别要注意问题是对全文的总结还是某一部分的总结）34h根据interviewer的问题，追踪答案。34hTEM 8 LISTENING COMPREHENSIONNEWS BROADCAST35hTEM 8 LISTENING COMPREHENSIONN英语新闻的文体特点倒金字塔型：最重要的事实部分一般出现在第一句，包含what

24、/when/ where/ who/how/why这一系列的内容；（总括题）之后会出现对细节的补充以及事件背景的介绍或者大众的态度。（细节题）36h英语新闻的文体特点倒金字塔型：36h时间顺序结构多用于报道体育比赛，风俗文化，文艺演出和犯罪案件等。（比较少出现）新闻的事实结果一般会在报道的结尾出现。（总括题）细节题很有可能是会出现在整篇。37h时间顺序结构37h新闻用语特点缩略语和小词一般常用的缩略语需要记忆。e.g. NATO、WB、WTO等不常用的缩略语需要听清楚全称。e.g. Food and Drug Administration出现一次之后就会用FDA来表示。或者先出现缩略语再是全称

25、。38h新闻用语特点缩略语和小词38h地名和建筑物名称的借用。the White House/ the Pentagon/ Pyongyang/foggy bottom/Capitol Hill/ Oval Office/ Buckingham/ Whitehall/ Downing Street/ Fleet Street/ Wall Street/ Elysee/ Kermlin/ GOP使用新词语 stagflation/ campaignathon/ crib death/ Euromart/ haves and havenots/ competitive products/ the wait-and-see attitude39h地名和建筑物名称的借用。39h常用句