2021～2022学年新教材高中英语课时素养检测十七Unit4NaturalDisastersPeriod1【含答案】

课时素养检测十七Unit4Period1Ⅰ.阅读理解Asweknow,earthquakescanbringpeoplemuchfear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefewornoearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous.ThemosttalkedaboutearthquakeintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.In1923,averystrongearthquakehitTokyo,YokohamaareaofJapan.Ahundredandfortythousandpeopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedtheearthquake.OneoftheworstearthquakeseverwasinChinain2008.Itkilledalargenumberofpeople.TheworstearthquakeeverrecordedwasalsoinChina,inwhich400,000peoplewerekilledorinjured.Thisearthquakehappenedin1556.Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheyarecoming.Peoplecannotprepareforearthquakes.【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了历史上发生在世界范围内破坏程度严重的几次地震。1.Earthquakeshappen______.

A.regularlyinmostplacesintheworldB.inalltheplacesintheworldC.onlyinafewplacesalongthecoastD.onlyinthecountriesthathavealotofmountains选A。细节理解题。由第一段“Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.”可知,然而,世界上大多数地方都经常发生地震。所以地震经常发生在世界上大多数的地方。2.Whenandwherewastheworstearthquakeeverreported?A.In1964inAlaska. B.In1556inChina.C.In1923inJapan. D.In2008inChina.选B。细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Theworstearthquakeeverrecorded...happenedin1556.”可知,有史以来被记载的最严重的地震发生在中国,有40万人死亡或受伤。这次地震发生在1556年。3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Earthquakescancausefires.B.Earthquakesoftencomeunexpectedly.C.Thestrongertheearthquakeis,themorepeoplearekilled.D.Peoplestilldon’tknowhowtotellwhenanearthquakewillcome.选C。细节理解题。由第三段“Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.”可知,强烈地震并非总是造成最多人死亡。所以地震越强烈,死亡的人就越多的说法错误。4.Whatmaybetalkedaboutintheseventhparagraph?A.Howdoearthquakeshappen?B.Howdoearthquakesworrypeople?C.Howcanwesavepeoplewhenearthquakeshappen?D.Whatwillpeopledotoprepareforearthquakes?选D。推理判断题。由最后一段中“Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthat...cannotprepareforearthquakes.”可知,地震让人们非常担心。原因是我们经常不知道地震什么时候发生。人们无法为地震做准备。那么在第七段就要向人们科普一下人们将为地震做什么准备。Ⅱ.阅读填句根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。Earthquakecanstrikewithoutwarning.Butmanyinjuriesanddeathsfromthiskindofnaturaldisastercanbepreventedifpeoplefollowthesesafetytips.Ifyou’reinsideabuilding,staythere!Oneofthemostdangerousthingstodoinanearthquakeistrytoleaveabuilding.1Droptotheground.Getunderanobject(物体)thatisnoteasilydamaged.Holdontoituntiltheshakingstops.Youcanalsogettoacornerformedbytwowallswithyourarmsoveryourhand.Ifyou’reinbedwhenthequakehits,staythereandprotectyourheadwithapillow.

2Don’ttakeshelterunderatree,streetlights,electricpolesortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving,stopasquicklyaspossibleandstayawayfromoverpasses(立交桥),buildings,bridgesoranythingelsethatmightfallorcollapsebeneathyou.3

Ifyouaretrappedinruins,coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforapieceofclothing.Useyourcellphonetocallforhelpifpossible.Don’tshout.4Tap(敲)onapipeorthewallsorescuerscanfindyou.

Bepreparedforaftershocks.5However,sometimestheyevenhappenmonthslater.Therefore,ifyouarenotinasafeposition(位置)afterthefirstshock,youshouldmovequicklybutcarefullytoasaferplace.

A.Don’tmoveaboutorkickupdust.B.Ifyou’reoutside,gotoanopence.C.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindust.D.Don’tparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.E.Takeagoodholdofyourcellphoneinthebuilding.F.Theycanhappeninthefirsthoursaftertheearthquake.G.Mostinjurieshappenwhenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout.【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了为了预防像地震这样的自然灾害所造成的伤害和死亡,人们应该遵守的一些安全提示。1.选G。根据空前的句子Ifyou’reinsideabuilding,staythere!Oneofthemostdangerousthingstodoinanearthquakeistrytoleaveabuilding可知G项正好有和上句相对应的关键词peopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout,而且G项的意思“当楼里的人们尽力出去的时候,大多数的伤亡就会发生。”承接上句。故选G。2.选B。根据空后的这段描述可知本段主要讲的是“如果你在外面,你就要到一个开阔的地方”。所以B项能概括本段的意思。故选B。3.选D。因D项有与本段上文相同的句式结构(即Don’t...),且其意思“不要把车停在树下或任何一个高的物体之下”是补全本段主题的其他细节,承接上文。故选D。4.选C。根据空前句子Don’tshout可知,C项中有与它相对应的关键词“shouting”,且其意思“大喊会使你吸入灰尘”正好承接上句。故选C。5.选F。根据空前本段的主题句Bepreparedforaftershocks和空后的描述可知F项正好是说明这个主题的细节,而且句意“余震在地震后的最初几个小时里就可能发生。”与空后的句子构成转折关系。所以F项承接上下文。故选F。阅读理解PerhapsnooneknowsthepowerofimaginationbetterthanChinesewriterLiuCixin.Untilfiveyearsago,Liuworkedfull-timeasacomputerengineeratapowerplantinShanxiprovince.Heonlywrotesciencefictioninhisretime.ButitwasduringthistimethatLiu’simaginationtookflight.Hedidwhathemightneverhavethechancetodoinreallife—wanderince,fightwithaliens,andvisitplanetslight-yearsaway.Butevenwithsuchapowerfulimagination,Liu,probablyhadn’texpectedthathewouldbecomethefirstAsiantowintheHugoAward,sciencefiction’shighestprize,in2015.PerhapsneitherdidhethinkthatformerUSpresidentBarackObamawouldreadhisnovelTheThreeBodyProblem,northatonNov.9inWashingtonInhisacceptancespeech,LiusaidthatheowedhisimaginationtoArthurC.Clarke(1917—2008),afamousUKsci-fiauthor.HesaidthatreadingClarke’s1968classicnovel2001:AceOdysseyintheearly1980shadagreateffectonhim.“Mymindopeneduplikeneverbefore.Ifeltlikeanarrowriverfinallyseeingthesea,”Liusaid.“Thatnight,inmyeyes,thestarryskywascompletelydifferentfromthepast.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasawed(使……敬畏)bythemysteryoftheuniverse.”ButnomatterhowfarawayLiu’simaginationtakeshim,somehowhisnovelsalwaysstayrational.InTheThreeBodyProblem,forexample,LiutellsataleofaliensinvadingEarth.Butunlikeotheralienstories,Liutalksmoreaboutrelationshipsbetweencivilizations,rulesofsurvival,andthemeaningsoflife.AndinTheWanderingEarth,Liulooksaheadtothedaywhenoursolarsystemcomestoanendandhumanshavetolookforanewplacetolive.However,allhisvisionsandsolutionsarebasedon“hardscience”.Liu’sworksaren’tsimplydaydreams.【语篇概述】本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述的是刘慈欣的成就与写作风格。1.WhatdoweknowaboutLiuCixin?A.Hebecameafull-timewriterwhenhewasyoung.B.Hedreamedaboutwanderingincefromchildhood.C.HeisthefirstAsiantowintheArthurC.ClarkeAward.D.HeisthefirstChinesewinneroftheHugoAward.选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中“Butevenwithsuchapowerfulimagination...sciencefiction’shighestprize,in2015.”可推知,刘慈欣是第一位获得雨果奖的中国人。故选D。2.LiuCixin’swordsareusedmainlytoshow______.

A.hisinterestinmysteriesoftheuniverseB.hisfeelingafterreadingClarke’sworkC.hisloveofreadingsciencefictionD.hisconfusionwhenhestartedwriting选B。推理判断题。根据第四段“Mymindopeneduplikeneverbefore...bythemysteryoftheuniverse.”可知,刘慈欣的话主要是表达自己在阅读克拉克的作品后的感受。故选B。3.WhydidtheauthormentionTheThreeBodyProblemandTheWanderingEarth?A.Tocomparethedifferentwritingstylesinthetwobooks.B.ToexplainhowLiuCixincameupwithhisideas.C.ToprovethatLiuCixin’sworksrelatesciencetoreality.D.ToshowthatLiuCixinhasapowerfulimagination.选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However,allhisvisionsandsolutions...daydreams.”可知,作者提到TheThreeBodyProblem和TheWanderingEarth是为了证明刘慈欣的作品是科学与现实的结合。故选C。4.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.LiuCixin’sachievementsandwritingstyle.B.LiuCixin’scontributionstosciencefiction.C.HowLiuCixinbecameasci-fiwriter.D.HowLiuCixinstartedanewsci-fistyle.选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Perhapsnooneknowsthepowerofimagination...andvisitplanetslight-yearsaway.”可知,本文讲述的是刘慈欣的成就与写作风格。故选A。【素养培优】结合上面的阅读填句,给同学们一些防震抗灾的小提示,写一篇80词左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________