考研考博-英语-东北石油大学考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-东北石油大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

WhenDickbegantotellabouthissummervacation,theteacher（

）him（

）,saying"Tellusthatanothertime."

问题1选项

A.cut...down

B.shut...out

C.cut...short

D.shut...off

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。cutdown意为“减少，砍倒”；shutout意为“把……关在门外，阻断（念头、情感等）”；cutshort意为“缩短，打断”；shutoff意为“关闭，停止”。

句意：当Dick开始讲述他的暑假时，教师打断了他，说“下次告诉我们”。

2.单选题

Conveniencefoodswhicharealreadypreparedforcookingareavailableingrocerystores.

问题1选项

A.ready

B.approachable

C.probable

D.obtainable

【答案】D

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项ready“准备好的，现成的，迅速的”；B选项approachable“可接近的，可到达的，易理解的”；C选项probable“很可能的，可信的”；D选项obtainable“能得到的，能获得的”。句意：现成的方便食品可以在杂货店买到。Available“可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；有空的”，所以D选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld（

）afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin（

）.

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris（

）.

问题1选项

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

问题2选项

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

问题3选项

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

问题4选项

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.

D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.

问题5选项

A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled

B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames

C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled

D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次举办残疾人运动会是在1948年，SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国，因此选C。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.（1960年，第一届残疾人奥运会在罗马举行）可知选C。

3.词义题。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.（在1984年轮椅奥运会上，来自大约40个国家的1604名轮椅……参加了比赛）可知“athlete”是指参加比赛的人，A选项“支持者”，B选项“观看者”，C选项“组织者”，D选项“竞争者”，因此选D。

4.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.（1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国的SirLudwigGuttmann，被英国政府要求在伦敦附近的MandevilleHospital设立一个受伤中心。他对治疗受伤的想法包括残疾人运动）可知A、C、D选项正确，B选项“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受伤的士兵”并没有在文中提及，因此选B。

5.观点态度题。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.（奥运会在增进国际友谊和理解方面取得了巨大的成功，也证明了残疾并不意味着你不能享受体育运动……也许还需要再过几年，才能说服那些幸运到没有残疾的人，他们的残疾运动员不应该被排除在奥运会外）可知作者是支持残疾人运动会的，因此D选项“支持为残疾人举办比赛”符合题意。

4.单选题

Wearesorrytoinformyouthattheshipmentisnot（）thestandardinthecontract.

问题1选项

A.dueto

B.accordingto

C.priorto

D.upto

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项dueto“由于，归功于”，B选项accordingto“根据按照”，C选项priorto“在...之前，先于”，D选项upto“直到，胜任”。句意：我们很抱歉地通知你方所装运的货物不符合合同规定的标准。D选项符合句意。

5.单选题

Agreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayforthe（

）ofbecomingwhitecollarworkers.

问题1选项

A.privilege

B.advantage

C.profit

D.preference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。privilege“特权”；advantage“优势”；profit“利润，利益”；preference“偏爱，倾向”。句意：很多人愿意为白领阶层的优越性而放弃更高的工资。选项A符合题意。

6.翻译题

Educationbeginswithteachers.Yetteachingseemstobelosingitsappealformanyofthebestandbrightestcollegestudents:inhighschool,manyofthebeststudentsdecidethattheywanttobeteachers,buttheirrelativesandfriendssoonconvincethemtochangetheirminds.（1）AccordingtoseveralrecentreportsontheshortcomingsofAmericanpublicschooling,teaching'slackofappealforthebrightestcollegestudentsisoneoftheteachingprofession'smostworrisomeproblems.

Manyarticlesonteaching,currentlypopularinnewspapers,magazines,andprofessionaleducationjournals,concentrateonthenegativeaspectsofteaching;theexpression"teacherburnout"iscommonlyascribedtothousandsofthoughtfulanddedicatedteacherswhoareleavingtheprofession.（2）Teacherburnoutiscausedbysuchproblemsasviolenceintheclassroom，vandalism（肆意破坏行为）inadequatesalaries，involuntarytransfers,interferingparents,oversizedclasses,andexcessivepaperwork.Eventhebestteacherscannotsolveachild'sproblems,butmanyofthembelievethepublicexpectsthemto,andtheygiveupteachingindespair.

（3）Despitethemorelimitedfinancialprospects,thedeteriorationoftheAmericanpublic'sattitudetowardteachers,andtheproblemscausedbydisruptivestudents，manyofthebeststudentsconcludethattheywanttopursuecareersintheclassroomafterall.Theyusuallydiscoverthattheywantpersonalfulfillmentfromtheirlife'sworkmorethantheywantmaterialrewards.Eacheventuallychosetobecomeateacher.However,agrowingbodyofevidenceshowsthatsuchstudentsareexceptions,ratherthantherule,inAmerica'smorethan1,200teacher-trainingprograms.Manyteacher-trainingschoolsarebeginningtolookatwaystorecruitthekindofpeoplewhowouldbeinclinedtowardthepositiveaspectsofteaching.Theteachingprofessionhastobecomemoreattractivetogoodstudents.

（4）Prospectiveteacherswillseeincreasedemphasisbynationalteacherorganizations，statecertificationagencies，andlocaldistrictsonimprovingthestatusoftheprofession,aswellasonimprovingteachersalaries.Continuedeffortstoeliminatejobsteachersdothatarenotteacher's—suchaspolicingtherestrooms,hallways,andcafeterias—areimportantforupgradingtheprofession.

Whileteachingisnotawisecareerchoiceforall,teachingisanobleandrewardingprofessionforthosewhoindeedseekpersonalfulfillmentfromtheirlife'swork.（4）Thoughthefirstyearofteachingisfrequentlythemostfrustratingyearinateacher'slife,theexperienceofsolvingproblemsthatdealwithinstruction,students,parents,administrators,andfellowteachersisofimmeasurablevalueforfuturesuccess.

PuttheunderlinedsentencesinthefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】1.根据最近几份关于美国公立学校教育缺点的报告，对最聪明的大学生来说，教学缺乏吸引力是教师行业最令人担忧的问题之一。

2.教师的职业倦怠是由以下问题引起的:教室里的暴力行为、故意破坏、工资不高、非自愿的调动、家长的干预、班级规模过大和作业批改工作过多。

3.尽管教师的经济前景更加有限，美国公众对教师态度的恶化，以及破坏性学生造成的问题，然而许多优秀的学生还是决定想在教室里追求事业。

4.未来的教师将看到国家教师组织、国家认证机构和当地对提高教师职业地位以及提高教师工资的重视。

5.虽然第一年的教学往往是教师生涯中最令人沮丧的一年，但解决与指示、学生、家长、管理员和同事有关的问题的经验对未来的成功具有不可估量的价值。

7.单选题

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat_______thespeakersstoppedforrefreshments.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atintervals

C.atease

D.atrandom

【答案】B

【解析】介词词组辨析。atlarge“整个地”；atintervals“不时”；atease“不紧张”；atrandom“随机”。句意：讨论太长并且令人筋疲力尽，以至于说话的人时不时停下来吃点点心。选项B符合题意。

8.问答题

Inmyview,suchamechanicalpredictionmissesthemark.Foronething,countriessometimesreacttotheriseofasinglepowerby"bandwagoning",muchasMussolinididwhenhedecidedtoallywithHitler.Proximitytoandperceptionsofthreatalsoaffectthewayinwhichcountriesreact.TheUnitedStatesbenefitsfromitsgeographicalseparationfromEuropeandAsiainthatitoftenappearsasalessproximatethreatthanneighboringcountriesinsidethoseregions.Indeed,in1945,theUnitesStateswasbyfarthestrongestnationonearth,andamechanicalapplicationofbalancingtheorywouldhavepredictedanallianceagainstit.Instead,EuropeandJapanalliedwiththeAmericansbecausetheSovietUnion,whileweakerinoverallpower,posedagreatermilitarythreatbecauseofitsgeographicalproximityanditslingeringrevolutionaryambitions.Today,IraqandIranbothdisliketheUnitedStatesandmightbeexpectedtoworktogethertobalanceAmericanpowerinthePersianGulf,buttheyworryevenmoreabouteachother.Nationalismcanalsocomplicatepredictions.Forexample,ifNorthKoreaandSouthKoreaarereunited,theyshouldhaveastrongincentivetomaintainanalliancewithadistantpowersuchastheUnitedStatesinordertobalancetheirtwogiantneighbors,ChinaandJapan.ButintensenationalismresultinginoppositiontoanAmericanpresencecouldchangethisifAmericandiplomacyisheavy-headed.Non-stateactorscanalsohaveaneffect,aswitnessedbythewaycooperationagainstterroristschangedsomestates'behaviorafterSeptember2001.

Agoodcasecanbemadethatinequalityofpowercanbeasourceofpeaceandstability.Nomatterhowpowerismeasured,sometheoristsargue,anequaldistributionofpoweramongmajorstateshasbeenrelativelyrareinhistory,andeffortstomaintainabalancehaveoftenledtowar.Ontheotherhand,inequalityofpowerhasoftenledtopeaceandstabilitybecausetherewaslittlepointindeclaringwaronadominantstate.ThepoliticalscientistRobertGilpinhasarguedthat"PaxBritannicaandPaxAmericana,likethePaxRonuina,ensuredaninternationalsystemofrelativepeaceandsecurity."AndtheeconomistCharlesKindlebergerclaimedthat"fortheworldeconomytobestabilized,therehastobeastabilizer,onestabilizer."Globalgovernancerequiresalargestatetotakethelead.Buthowmuchandwhatkindofinequalityofpowerisnecessary-ortolerable-andforhowlong?Iftheleadingcountrydefinesitsinterestsnarrowlyandusesitsweightarrogantly,itincreasestheincentivesforotherstocoordinatetoescapeitshegemony.

SomecountrieschafeundertheweightofAmericanpowermorethanothers.HegemonyissometimesusedasatermofopprobriumbypoliticalleadersincountriessuchasRussia.ThetermisusedlessoftenorlessnegativelyincountrieswhereAmericansoftpowerisstrong.Ifhegemonymeansbeingabletodictate,oratleastdominate,therulesandarrangementsbywhichinternationalrelationsareconducted,thentheUnitedStatesishardlyahegemonytoday.ItdoeshaveapredominantvoiceandvoteintheIMF,butitcannotalonechoosethedirector.IthasnotbeenabletoprevailoverEuropeandJapanintheWTO.ItopposedtheLandMinesTreatybutcouldnotpreventitfromcomingintoexistence.

1.Accordingtothispassage,whatdoesthe“mechanicalprediction”inthefirstsentencepredict?

2.Whatisthemeaningof“ifAmericandiplomacyisheavy-headed”？

3.Pleaselistallthefactorsthataffectthewaysinwhichcountries’reacttoastrongerpower.

4.WhatpointdoesRobertGilpintrytomakeinhisobservationquotedinparagraph2?

5.Whatshouldtheleadingcountrydotoensurethatothercountrieswouldworkwithit?

【答案】1.Amechanicalapplicationofbalancingtheorywouldhavepredictedanallianceagainstthestrongnation.

2.ItmeansthatAmericandiplomacyisdull.

3.Othercountries'reaction;proximitytoandperceptionsofthreat;nationalism;thediplomacyofthestrongpower;non-stateactors.

4.Inequalityofpowerhasoftenledtopeaceandstabilitybecausetherewaslittlepointindeclaringwaronadominantstate.

5.Theleadingcountryshoulddefenditslegitimateinterestsanduseitsleadingpowerjustly.

9.单选题

Thechildren'smercurialnatureswereinsharpcontrasttotheeven-tempereddispositionsoftheirparents.

问题1选项

A.artless

B.volatile

C.blithe

D.graceful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：孩子们反复无常的性格和他们父母平和的性格形成了鲜明的对比。A选项artless“天真的，朴实的”；B选项volatile“不稳定的，反复无常的”；C选项blithe“愉快的”；D选项graceful“优雅的，优美的”。根据句意可知，mercurial应该是和even-tempered意思相反，mercurial意为“活泼善变的”，选项B与之意思相近，代入符合语境。

10.单选题

TheexistingchildprotectionlawsinChinadoallowforabusiveparents（）oftheircustodyrights,buttheydonotincludedetailsonimplementation.

问题1选项

A.deprive

B.tobedeprived

C.todeprive

D.beingdeprived

【答案】B

【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，Theexistingchildprotectionlaws为句子的主语，allowfor作谓语，所以空格的部分应该要填入非谓语动词，用来修饰前句的名词laws，因为动词deprive与其逻辑主语laws之间存在被动关系，选项A和C可排除。又根据空格中的动作发生在将来，所以选用动词不定式表将来。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Wehavejustlocateda（

）avenueforthesaleofyourgoods.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.perspective

C.respective

D.protective

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prospective“未来的；可能的；潜在的”；B选项perspective“透视的”；C选项respective“分别的，各自的”；D选项protective“防护的；关切保护的；保护贸易的”。句意：我们刚刚为销售你方货物找到了一条……的路。联系句意及选项可知，此处应表示“找到了一条可能的销售渠道”。因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

Investorssaytheydonotknowwherethebottomis,makinginvestmentintheUSassetsparticularlyperilous.

问题1选项

A.clamorous

B.treacherous

C.ponderous

D.monstrous

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.clamorous喧嚷的B.treacherous不可信任的；有潜在危险的

C.ponderous慢条斯理的；笨拙的D.monstrous丑恶的；道德败坏的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】前半句提到“投资者表示，他们不知道投资的底部在哪里”，说明贸然投资是比较危险的，perilous表示“危险的”的意思，B项词义与之相近，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项词义不符合句中所选词汇。

【句意】投资者表示，他们不知道投资的底部在哪里，这使得对美国资产的投资尤其危险。

13.单选题

Onlythosewhocan______tolosetheirmoneyshouldmakehigh-riskinvestments.

问题1选项

A.maintain

B.sustain

C.endure

D.afford

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.maintain维持；保持B.sustain维持（生命、生存）；使稳定持续

C.endure忍耐；忍受D.afford买得起；承担得起（后果）

【答案】D

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息losetheirmoney（金钱损失）和makehigh-riskinvestments（进行高风险投资）推知，只有承受得起损失的人才能进行高风险投资，affordto是固定搭配，表示“能承担；（有条件）做”，故该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】

A、B项不符合句意；

C项是及物动词，后面不需要跟介词。

【句意】只有那些能够承受损失的人才应该进行高风险投资。

14.翻译题

1.无论你的智商有多高，你的看法都受到个人经历的局限，因此要学会吸纳他人有用的观点。

2.事实上，只有勤奋加方法得当才能使你在学习上比他人有优势。

3.作为对政府检查员批评的回应，公司改变了一些做法，而不是放弃自己的规定

4.OninternationalrelationsChinawouldcontinuetodeveloprelationswithforeigncountriesinseekingafavorableinternationalenvironmentforitsreformandtomakecontributionstoworldpeaceanddevelopment.

5.Managementhasgranteda10%payriseinresponsetounionpressurebutrefusedtomakeanyfurtherconcession.

【答案】1.NomatterhowhighyourIQis,yourviewislimitedbytheexperience,soyoushouldlearntoincorporatetheusefulperspectivesofothers.

2.Infact,onlyhardworkincombinationwithpropermethodswillgiveyouanadvantageoverothers.

3.Inresponsetocriticismbygovernmentinspectors,thecompanychangedsomeofitspracticesratherthangaveupitsrules.

4.在国际关系方面，中国将继续发展与外国的关系，寻求一个对自己改革有利的国际环境，继续对世界和平和发展作出贡献。

5.在工会的压力下，资方已同意提高10%的薪酬，但是拒绝作出进一步的让步。

15.单选题

ItisagreedthatallnationsshouldtakemeasuresagainstterrorismonthebasisoftheUN（）andotherinternationallaws.

问题1选项

A.Charter

B.Constitution

C.Concordance

D.Custody

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Charter“宪章”；Constitution“宪法；体制；章程”；Concordance“调和；一致”；Custody“保管；监护”，根据句子结构可知此处要填的词与laws意思相近，所以四个选项中只有Constitution符合。句意：所有的国家都应该在基于联合国章程和其他国际法律的基础上采取措施抵制恐怖主义，这是一个共识。故正确答案为选项B。

16.单选题

Afterreadingthesebooks,hewas______totheDarwiniantheoryofevolution.

问题1选项

A.changed

B.converted

C.transferred

D.adjusted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项change“改变、变化”；B项convert“使转变”；C项transfer“转移、调动”；D项adjust“调整、使适应”；beconvertedto转变为、皈依；句意：读了这些书之后，他皈依了达尔文的进化论。因此该题B项正确。

17.单选题

Ms.Fineenthusiasticallyinquiredaboutherson’sdayatschool,butherepliedwitha______“prettygood.”

问题1选项

A.terse

B.pithy

C.complacent

D.acquiescent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项terse表示“简洁的，精练的，扼要的”，B项pithy表示“有髓的，多髓的，精练的”，C项complacent表示“自满的，得意的，满足的”，D项acquiescent表示“默认的，默许的，甘心接受的”。根据enthusiastically（满腔热情地）以及but转折可知，butherepliedwitha______“prettygood.”应该表示“但是他简短的回答了‘非常好’三个字”。句意：范恩热情地询问儿子在学校的日子怎么样，但他简短地回答说：“非常好。”因此，该题选择A项正确。

18.单选题

Mr.Duffyraisedhiseyesfromthepaperandgazedoutofhiswindowonthecheerlesseveninglandscape.TheriverlayquietbesidestheemptydistilleryandfromtimetotimealightappearedinsomehouseonLucanRoad.Whatanend!Thewholenarrativeofherdeathrevoltedhimanditrevoltedhimtothinkthathehadeverspokentoherofwhatheheldsacred.Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach.Notmerelyhadshedegradedherself;shehaddegradedhim.Hissoul’scompanion!Hethoughtofthehobblingwretcheswhomhehadseencarryingcansandbottlestobefilledbythebarman.JustGod,whatanend!Evidentlyshehadbeenunfittolivewith,withoutanystrengthofpurpose,aneasypreytohabits,oneofthewrecksonwhichcivilizationhasbeenreared.Butthatshecouldhavesunksolow!Wasitpossiblehehaddeceivedhimselfsoutterlyabouther?Herememberedheroutburstofthatflightandinterpreteditinaharshersensethathehadeverdone.Hehadnodifficultynowinapprovingofthecoursehehadtaken.

Asthelightfailedandhismemorybegantowander,hethoughtherhandtouchedhis.Theshockwhichhadfirstattackedhisstomachwasnowattackinghisnerves.Heputonhisovercoatandhatquicklyandwentout.Thecoldairmethimonthethreshold;itcreptintothesleevesofhiscoat.WhenhecametothepublichouseatChapelBridgehewentinandorderedahotpunch.

Theproprietorservedhimobsequiouslybutdidnotventuretotalk.Therewerefiveorsixworkingmenintheshopdiscussingthevalueofagentleman’sestateinCountyKildare.Theydrankatintervalsfromtheirhugepinttumblers,andsmoked,spittingoftenonthefloorandsometimesdraggingthesawdustovertheirheavyboots.Mr.Duffysatonhisstoolandgazedatthem,withoutseeingorhearingthem.Afterawhile,theywentoutandhecalledforanotherpunch.Hesatalongtimeoverit.Theshopwasveryquiet.Theproprietorsprawledonthecounterreadingthenewspaperandyawning.Nowandagainateamwasheardswishingalongthelonelyroadoutside.

Ashesatthere,livingoverhislifewithherandevokingalternatelythetwoimagesonwhichhenowconceivedher,herealizedthatshewasdead,thatshehadceasedtoexist,thatshehadbecomeamemory.Hebegantofeelillatease.Heaskedhimselfwhatelsehecouldhavedone.Hecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest.Howwashetoblame?Nowthatshewasgoneheunderstoodhowlonelyherlifemusthavebeen,sittingnightafternightaloneintheroom.Hislifewouldbelonelytoountilhe,too,died,ceasedtoexist,becameamemory---ifanyonerememberedhim.

1.Mr.Duffy’simmediatereactiontothereportofthewoman’sdeathwasthatof（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthereporterwroteaboutthewoman’sdeathina（

）manner.

3.Theword“obsequiously”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans

（

）.

4.WecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatMr.Duffywasina(n)

（

）

mood.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

问题1选项

A.disgust

B.guilt

C.grief

D.compassion

问题2选项

A.detailed

B.provocative

C.discreet

D.sensational

问题3选项

A.compassionately

B.servilely

C.feverishly

D.passionately

问题4选项

A.angry

B.fretful

C.irritable

D.remorseful

问题5选项

A.Mr.Duffyonceconfidedinthewoman.

B.Mr.Duffyfeltanintensesenseofshame.

C.Thewomanwantedtoendtherelationship

D.Theybecameestrangedprobablyafteraquarrel.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“Duffy先生对关于这个女人死亡的报告的即刻反应是什么”。文章第一段第四句话提到“关于她死亡的整个叙述令他厌恶”（Thewholenarrativeofherdeathrevoltedhim），第五句话提到报到者用谨慎的语言掩盖了粗俗的死亡，让他倒胃口（Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach），因此选项A“反感”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“通过文章可知，报道者用……方式报道了那个女人的死亡”。文章第一段第五句话提到报到者用谨慎的语言掩盖了粗俗的死亡，让他倒胃口（Thecautiouswordsofareporterwonovertoconcealthedetailsofacommonplacevulgardeathattackedhisstomach），因此，选项C“谨慎的”符合题意。

3.词义题。题目问的是“单词obsequiously的意思是……”。文章第三段第一句话提到“店主……地为他服务但是不敢跟他说话”（Theproprietorservedhimobsequiouslybutdidnotventuretotalk），根据店主服务客人的原则可以推测店主是非常殷勤的，因此选项B“屈从地”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。题目问的是“从文章最后一段我们可得知Duffy先生的心情……”。文章最后一段提到“他不能与她公开生活。他做了看起来对他最好的事情。”（Hecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest）；“他的生活将会一直孤独，直到死亡”（islifewouldbelonelytoountilhe,too,died），说明Duffy先生非常后悔当初的做法，选项D“后悔的”符合题意。

5.推理判断题。题目问的是“通过文章可知下列哪个表述不正确”。文章第一段提到“他曾经跟她说过……”（hehadeverspokentoherofwhatheheldsacred），因此选项A可以排除；文章最后一段提到“现在，她死了，他明白了她先前的生活是那么孤独……”（Nowthatshewasgoneheunderstoodhowlonelyherlifemusthavebeen,sittingnightafternightaloneintheroom），以及“他不能与她公开生活。他做了看起来对他最好的事情。”（Hecouldnothavelivedwithheropenly.Hehaddonewhatseemedtohimbest）能推断Duffy先生内心的悔恨，选项B可以排除；文章第一段提到“她的突然离开”（heroutburstofthatflight）可推测他们之间有过争吵，选项D符合题意。

19.单选题

JillKerConway,presidentofSmith,echoestheprevailingviewofcontemporarytechnologywhenshesaysthat“anyoneintoday’sworldwhodoesn’tunderstanddataprocessingisnoteducated.”Butsheinsiststhattheincreasingemphasisonthesemattersleavecertaingaps.Saysshe:“Theverystronglyutilitarianemphasisineducation,whichisaneffectofman-madesatellitesandthecoldwar,hasreallyremovedfromthisculturesomethingthatwasveryprofoundinits18thand19thcenturyrots,whichwasasensethatliteracyandlearningwereendsinthemselvesforademocraticrepublic.”

IncontrasttoPlato’sclaimforthesocialvalueofeducation,aquitedifferentideaofintellectualpurposeswasadvocatedbytheRenaissancehumanists.OverjoyedwiththeirrediscoveryoftheclassicallearningthatwasthoughttohavedisappearedduringtheDarkAges,theyarguedthattheimpartingofknowledgeneedsnojustification—religious,social,economic,orpolitical.Itspurpose,totheextentthatithasone,istopassonfromgenerationtogenerationthecorpusofknowledgethatconstitutescivilization.“Whatcouldmanacquire,byvirtuousstriving,thatismorevaluablethanknowledge?”askedErasmus,perhapsthegreatestscholaroftheearly16thcentury.Thatideahasacquiredatraditionofitsown.“Theeducationalprocesshasnoendbeyonditself,”saidJohnDewey,“Itisitsownend.”

Butwhatexactlyisthecorpusofknowledgetobepassedon?Insimplertimes,itwasallincludedinthemedievaluniversities’Quadrivium(arithmetic,geometry,astronomy,musiC.andTrivium(grammar,rhetoric,logic).Asrecentlyasthelastcentury,whenlessthan5%ofAmericanswenttocollegeatall,studentsinNewEnglandestablishmentswerecompelledmainlytomemorizeandrecitevariousLatintexts,andcrustyprofessorsangrilyopposedtheintroductionofanynewscientificdiscoveriesormodernEuropeanlanguages.“Theyfelt.”saidregretfullyCharlesFrancisAdams,Jr.,theUnionPacificRailroadpresidentwhodevotedhislateryearstowritinghistory,“thataclassicaleducationwastheimportantdistinctionbetweenamanwhohadbeentocollegeandamanwhohadnotbeentocollege,andthatanythingthatdiminishedtheimportanceofthisdistinctionwasessentiallyrevolutionaryandtendedtoanarchy.”

1.ThefirstparagraphshowsthatJillKerConwayacceptsutilitarianemphasisineducation（）.

2.Educationforeducation’ssakewasprobablyopposedby（）.

3.Theideathateducationtransmitsknowledgeisdatedbackto（）.

4.ItcanbeinferredthatCharlesFrancisAdams,Jr.（）.

5.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichofthefollowingistrue?

问题1选项

A.wholeheartedly

B.withreservation

C.againstherownwill

D.withcontempt

问题2选项

A.scholarsintheRenaissanceperiod

B.JillKerConway

C.scholarsintheDarkAges

D.Plato

问题3选项

A.theRenaissancehumanists

B.themedievaluniversities

C.the18thcentury'sAmericanscholars

D.thecoldwarperiod

问题4选项

A.devotedhislateryearstoclassicaleducation

B.wasanadvocateofeducationinhistory

C.wasanopponenttoclassicaleducation

D.regretteddiminishingtheimportanceofthedistinction

问题5选项

A.FivepercentofAmericancollegestudentslearntLatintexts.

B.StudentsinNewEnglandlearntLatintextsinofficialorganizations.

C.StudentswerecompelledtolearnmodernEuropeanlanguages.

D.AmericancollegestudentshadtolearnLatintextsbyreading.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段第二句Butsheinsiststhattheincreasingemphasisonthesemattersleavecertaingaps.（但她坚持认为，对这些问题的日益重视留下了一定的差距。）我们可以知道知道，虽然吉尔・克尔・康维支持实用主义教育，但是她认为实用主义教育仍然有一些欠缺，因此B选项“仍然有余地”正确。A选项“全心全意地”；C选项“与她的意志相违背”以及D选项“带有目的性的”，都不正确。

2.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第二段第一句和第二句IncontrasttoPlato’sclaimforthesocialvalueofeducation,aquitedifferentideaofintellectualpurposeswasadvocatedbytheRenaissancehumanists.Overjoyedwith...theyarguedthattheimpartingofknowledgeneedsnojustification—religious,social,economic,orpolitical.（与柏拉图对教育的社会价值的主张相反，文艺复兴时期的人文主义者提倡一种完全不同的关于智力目的的观点。他们为重新发现被认为在黑暗时代已经消失的经典知识而欣喜若狂，他们认为知识的传授不需要任何理由——宗教的，社会的，经济的或政治的。）通过这两句话我们知道，柏拉图认为教育应该具有社会价值，而文艺复兴时期的人文主义者持有与柏拉图完全不同的观点，提出知识的传授不应该具有宗教、社会、经济、政治目的，由此我们可以推断出，文艺复兴时期的人文主义者建议“教育只为教育而生”即“educationforeducation’ssake”的观点，综合考虑