考研考博-英语-北京建筑大学考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京建筑大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatthepowerofmediumis（）.

问题1选项

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项grant“授予，允许”；B选项imply“暗示”；C选项exaggerate“夸大”；D选项remedy“补救，纠正”。句意：大多数广播公司认为电视受到了不公正的批评，认为媒体的力量被夸大了。选项C符合语境。

2.单选题

Somediseasesare（

）bycertainwateranimals.

问题1选项

A.transplanted

B.transformed

C.transported

D.transmitted

【答案】D

【解析】形近词辨析题。transplant移植；transform改变，变换；transport运输；transmit传输，传播。

句意：有些疾病是由某些水生动物传播的。这里指疾病的传播，所以选项D正确。

3.单选题

SOMETHINGABOUTNAPLESjustseemsmadeforcomedy.Thenamealoneconjuresuppizza,andlovable,incorrigibleinnocentswarbling“OSoleMio”;anuttylittlecorneroftheworldwheretheidrunswildandtheonlyanswertothequestion“Why?”appearstobe“Whynot?”

Naples:thebutter-side-downofItaliancities,whereeventhetruthhasastrangelyfictitioustinge.Onedayacarrear-endedoneofthecity’sminibuses.Thebusdrivergotouttoinvestigate.Whilehestoodtheretalking,hisonlypassengertookthewheelanddroveoff.Neitherpassengernorbuswaseverseenagain.

Thentherewasthatbusylunchhourinthecentralpostofficewhenacrackintheceilingopenedandpostalworkerswereoverwhelmedbyanavalancheofstalecroissants.Asthecleanershauledawaygarbagebagsofmoldybreakfastrolls,thequestionsremained:Who?Why?Andwhatelsecouldstillbeupthere?

ButNaplesactuallyisn’tsofunny.Italy’sthirdlargestcity,with1.1millionpeople,hasamuchdarkerside,wherechaosreigns:bagsnatchingandmugging,cloggedstreetsofstupefyingconfusion,wheretrafficmovestomysteriouslawsofitsownthroughmultipleintersectionswhosetrafficlightshaven’tfunctionedformonths,maybeyears—iftheyhavelightsatall.Packsofwilddogsroamthecity’smainpark.Nineteenpolicemenontheanti-narcoticssquadarearrestedforacceptingpayoffsfromtheCamorra,thelocalMafia.

TomanyItalians,particularlythoseinthewealthy,industrializednorth,noneofthisissurprising.TothemNaplesmeanspoliticalcorruption,wastedfederalsubsidies,rampantorganizedcrime,appallinglylargefamilies,andcunning,lazypeoplewhoprefertodosomethingshadyratherthanhonestwork.

Neapolitansknowtheirreputation.“Peoplethinknothingevergetsdonehere,”saidayoungprofessionalwoman.Sometimestheysay,“SurelyyoucomefromMilan.YoucomefromNaples?”

GiovannidelForno,aninsuranceexecutive,toldmeabouthisflighthomefromanorthernItaliancity,theplanewaitedonthetarmacforhalfanhourforagatetobecomeavailable.“AndIbegantohearthecommentsaroundme:“Well,hereweareinNaples,”hesaidwithawince.“Thesecommentsmakemesuffer.”

Neapolitansmaycomplain,butmostcan’tconceiveoflivinganywhereelse.Thecityhastheintimacy,tension,andcrazinessofalargebutintenselydevotedfamily.ThepeoplehavethesameperverseprideasNewYorkers.Theyloveeventhethingsthatdon’twork,andtheylovebeingNeapolitans.Theyknowoutsidersdon’tgetit,andtheydon’tcare.“Evenifyougoaway”,onewomansaid,“youremainaprisonerofthiscity.Mycityhasmanyproblems,butawayfromitIfeelbad.”

Thisisacityinwhichlivingonthebrinkofcollapseisnormal.Napleshassurvivedwars,revolutions,floods,earthquakes,anderuptionsofnearbyVesuvius.FirstawealthycolonyfoundedbytheGreeks(whocalleditNeapolis,or“newcity”),thenaflourishingRomanresort,itlivedthroughvariousincarnationsunderdynastiesofNormans,Swabians,Austrians,Spanish,andFrench,nottomentionagloriousperiodastheresplendentcapitaloftheKingdomoftheTwoSicilies.

Itwasabrilliant,cultivatedcitythatoncerankedwithLondonandParis.TheNunziatella,theoldestmilitaryschoolinItaly,stillbasksinitstwocenturiesofhistoricglory;theTeatroSanCarloremainsoneofthegreatestoperahousesintheworld.ThetreasuresofPompeiigracetheNationalMuseum.StretchedluxuriantlybetweenmountainsandseaalongthecurvingcoastoftheBayofNaples,fullofornatepalaces,gardens,churches,andworksofart,withitsmildclimateandrichfolklore,Naplesinthelastcenturywasbelovedbyartistsandwriters.Themostfamousresponsetothismagnificencewasthecommentbyanunknownadmirer,“SeeNaplesanddie.”

Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations.ThebombardmentsofWorldWarIIwerefollowedbythedepredationsofprofiteersandpoliticians-for-rentwhoreducedthecitytoademoralizedshadowofitself,survivingongovernmenthandouts.Untilfiveyearsagocitygovernmentswerecobbledtogetherbywarringpoliticalfactions;somemayorslastedonlyafewmonths.Acholeraoutbreakin1973wasfollowedin1980byamajorearthquake.Itsfamousporthaswithered(thoughtheU.S.SixthFleetcommandisstillbasedjustupthecoast),industrieshavefailed,touristshavefled,nativeshavemovedout—itseemsthatonlydrugtraffickingisbooming.“Unlivable,”theNeapolitanssay,“Incomprehensible”,“Martyred”.

1.Thetwoexamplesinthesecondandthirdparagraphsintendtoshowthat______.

2.ItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheNortherners______.

3.TheauthorimpliesthatNeapolitans’affectionforthecity______.

4.Whentheauthorsays“Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations,”heactuallymeansthat______.

问题1选项

A.Napleshasahighincidenceoftrafficaccidents

B.anythingextraordinarycanhappeninNaples

C.peopletherelovetostorefoodforyears

D.everythingappearstobeonthewrongside

问题2选项

A.arecriticalofwhatNaplesrepresents

B.sympathizewithNeapolitans

C.sharemanythingswithNeapolitans

D.makeeveryefforttoshunNeapolitans

问题3选项

A.wasunrealistic

B.wentabittoofar

C.wasextraordinary

D.gaverisetoconcern

问题4选项

A.thecitycannowboastveryfewpoets

B.artistsandwritershaveleftforLondonandParis

C.thecityunderwentheavybombingduringtheWar

D.Thecity’spresentproblemsobscureditsgloriouspast

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“第二段和第三段中的两个例子旨在说明……”。第二段首句提到Naples:thebutter-side-downofItaliancities,whereeventhetruthhasastrangelyfictitioustinge.（那不勒斯：意大利糟糕的城市，在那里甚至连真相都有一种奇怪的虚构色彩），接着第二段和第三段举出了两个例子：一个是Onedayacarrear-endedoneofthecity’sminibuses.Thebusdrivergotouttoinvestigate.Whilehestoodtheretalking,hisonlypassengertookthewheelanddroveoff.（一辆小汽车与一辆城市小型公共汽车追尾。公共汽车司机下车去调查。当他站在那里说话时，他唯一的乘客拿起方向盘开走了）；另外一个是Thentherewasthatbusylunchhourinthecentralpostofficewhenacrackintheceilingopenedandpostalworkerswereoverwhelmedbyanavalancheofstalecroissants.Asthecleanershauledawaygarbagebagsofmoldybreakfastrolls,thequestionsremained:Who?Why?Andwhatelsecouldstillbeupthere?（在中央邮局忙碌的午餐时间，天花板上的一条裂缝裂开了，邮政工人被一大堆过期的羊角面包压得喘不过气来。当清洁工把装着发霉的早餐面包卷的垃圾袋拖走时，问题来了：是谁？为什么？那上面还可能有什么？），从这两个例子可以推知，那不勒斯这个城市的糟糕的状况，故D项“一切似乎都是错位的”符合题意；A项“那不勒斯的交通事故发生率很高”和C项“那里的人们喜欢把食物储存多年”只是例子；B项“在那不勒斯，任何不寻常的事情都可能发生”表示不够准确，这些事情并不是不寻常的，而是糟糕的。因此，该题选择D项正确。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“从文章中可以得出结论，北方人……”。根据文章的第五段TomanyItalians,particularlythoseinthewealthy,industrializednorth,noneofthisissurprising.TothemNaplesmeanspoliticalcorruption,wastedfederalsubsidies,rampantorganizedcrime,appallinglylargefamilies,andcunning,lazypeoplewhoprefertodosomethingshadyratherthanhonestwork.（对许多意大利人来说，尤其是那些生活在富裕、工业化的北方的意大利人来说，这一切都不足为奇。对他们来说，那不勒斯意味着政治上的腐败，浪费的联邦补贴，猖獗的有组织犯罪，可怕的大家庭，以及狡诈、懒惰的人们，他们宁愿做一些阴暗的事情也不愿做诚实的工作。）可知，北方的意大利人对那不勒斯是批判的态度，A项“对那不勒斯所代表的东西持批评态度”正确；由此也可知B项“同情那不勒斯人”和C项“和那不勒斯人有很多共同点”不正确；D项“尽量避开那不勒斯人”，文章在此处主要是表达意大利的北方人对那不勒斯的批判，并不能推断出他们想尽量避开那不勒斯人。因此，该题选择A项正确。

3.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者暗示那不勒斯人对城市的感情……”。根据文章的第八段Neapolitansmaycomplain,butmostcan’tconceiveoflivinganywhereelse.Thecityhastheintimacy,tension,andcrazinessofalargebutintenselydevotedfamily.ThepeoplehavethesameperverseprideasNewYorkers.Theyloveeventhethingsthatdon’twork,andtheylovebeingNeapolitans.Theyknowoutsidersdon’tgetit,andtheydon’tcare.“Evenifyougoaway”,onewomansaid,“youremainaprisonerofthiscity.Mycityhasmanyproblems,butawayfromitIfeelbad.”（那不勒斯人可能会抱怨，但大多数人无法想象住在其他地方。这个城市有一个大家庭的亲密、紧张和疯狂，但却有着强烈的奉献精神。这里的人和纽约人一样，有一种偏执的自豪感。他们爱那些即使坏了的食物，他们喜欢做那不勒斯人。他们知道外人不懂，他们不在乎。一个女人说：“即使你走了，你仍然是这座城市的囚犯。我的城市有很多问题，但离开它我感觉很糟糕。”）可以推断出，在此处作者暗示那不勒斯人对他们城市的感情是特别的，是非凡的，C项“是非凡的”正确；由此也可知，A项“是不现实的”和D项“引起关注”不正确；B项“有点太过了”是干扰项，根据该段那不勒斯人对自己城市的描述可以知道这种情感并不显得很夸张。因此，该题选择C项正确。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“当作者说‘如今，那些评价就没有那么有诗意了’时，他实际上的意思是……”。文章倒数第二段讲述了那不勒斯这个城市过去的辉煌和教养，接着最后一段第一句作者就说Todaythatremarkcarrieslesspoeticconnotations.（如今，那些评价就没有那么有诗意了），接着就讲到了那不勒斯屡屡遭受灾难和不堪的现状，由此可以推知，作者说这一句话的意思是那不勒斯如今的问题已经使得过去的辉煌暗淡模糊，D项“这个城市目前的问题使它辉煌的过去痕迹模糊”正确；A项“这个城市现在可以夸耀的诗人很少了”，最后两段没有提到诗人；B项“艺术家和作家都去了伦敦和巴黎”没有提到；C项“这座城市在战争期间遭受了猛烈的轰炸”这只是那不勒斯如今的问题使得过去的辉煌痕迹模糊的原因之一。因此，该题选择D项正确。

4.单选题

Somestudiesconfirmedthatthiskindofeyediseasewas（

）intropicalcountries.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.prevalent

C.provocative

D.perpetual

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prospective“未来的、预期的”；B选项prevalent“流行的、普遍的”；C选项provocative“刺激的、挑拨的”；D选项perpetual“永久的、永远的”，从句中关键词“eyedisease眼疾，tropicalcountries热带国家”可联系到prevalent“流行的、普遍的”。句意为：一些研究证实这种眼疾在热带国家很普遍。故正确答案选B。

5.单选题

Thepostofficeisnot（

）fordamagetoaparcelsentbymailunlessitisinsured.

问题1选项

A.qualified

B.liable

C.guilty

D.jealous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。qualified“合格的，有资格的”；liable“有责任的，有义务的”；guilty“有罪的，内疚的”；jealous“妒忌的，猜疑的”。beliablefor“有……责任，有……义务”。由unless…可知邮局对没投保的包裹的损坏不承担责任。故B项正确。句意：邮局对邮局的包裹的损坏不承担责任，除非这些包裹投保了。

6.单选题

Sometimes______toplacephysicsandchemistryintoseparatecategories.

问题1选项

A.thatisdifficult

B.isdifficult

C.itisdifficult

D.thatisdifficult

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：有时很难把物理和化学分成不同类别。Itisdifficulttodosth.意为“做某事很困难”，所以C选项itisdifficult符合题意。因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Whenthefarmersvisitedthecityforthefirsttime,theywere______byitscomplicatedtrafficsystem.

问题1选项

A.evoked

B.bewildered

C.diverted

D.undermined

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.evoked引起，唤起（感情、记忆或形象）B.bewildered使迷惑，使糊涂

C.diverted使转向，转移（某人）的注意力D.undermined逐渐削弱（信心、权威等），使逐步减少效力

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“农民们第一次进城时，他们被城市复杂的交通系统______”可知，他们是对城市复杂的交通系统感到困惑，所以该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】农民们第一次进城时，对城市复杂的交通系统感到迷惑不解。

8.单选题

Theworkintheofficewas（

）byaconstantstreamofvisitors.

问题1选项

A.confused

B.hampered

C.reversed

D.perplexed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。confuse“使混乱，使困惑”；hamper“妨碍，束缚”；reverse“颠倒，倒转”；perplex“使……困惑，使……为难”。句意：办公室的工作被接连不断的来访人员妨碍了。选项B符合题意。

9.不定项选择题

Microsoftisnolongertheworld’sbiggestcompanybymarketcapitalization.ThereotherU.Scompanieshaveovertakenthesoftwaregiantintermsofstockmarketvalue.Thefirm’svaluehasgonedownsharplyby41%sofarthisyear,fromnearly$600billionto$358billion.Muchofthereasonforthefallhasbeentheuncertaintypromptedbytheon-goinganti-trustcase.IthasbeenovertakenbyGeneralElectric,nowworth$506billion,Intel,worth$441billionandCiscoSystems,$436billion.

OverthepastyearMicrosoftshareshavemoveddownwardsfromahighof$120to$68inearlytradingon7June.MeanwhilerivalCiscohasseenitssharepriceriseby$25tomorethan$60asthecompanyhasgaineditsroleinprovidingthehardwarefortheInternet.AndformostoftheyearithasbeencompetingwithcomputerchipmakerIntelforthesecondplace.Intel’sPentiumchipsarewidelyusedinpersonalcomputersworldwide.

Thecompanythatnowholdsthetitleoftheworld’biggestcompanyisanindustrialgiantwhichmakeseverythingfromtoasterstojetengines.GEhassalesof$110billion—nearlytentimesthatofMicrosoftand340,000employeesworldwide.Ithasseenitsprofitsgrowby15%ayearto$11billion.GECapitalServices,itsfinancialsubsidiary,makeupnearlyhalfitssales.GEproducespowergenerationsystems,locomotive,medicalimagingequipmentandelectricalappliances.ItalsoowntheU.StelevisionnetworkNBCanditsfinancialnewssubsidiary,CNBC,andironically,ajointventurewithMicrosofttoprovidenewsontheInternet.

Microsoft’ssharesnowfaceafurtherperiodofuncertaintyasthecompany’slegalbattlecontinues.Itcouldalsofacedifficultyinrecruitingandretainingemployeeswhosepayhasbeenboostedbytheirshareoptions.TheSeattlebasedfirmislikelytogotoanappealscourtonanyrulings.Itcouldsufferfurtherlossesfromlawsuitsbroughtbycompetitors,whowouldbeabletoclaimtripledamagesforanylossessuffered.Andwithitsenergyandresourcestiedupinthelawsuits,thecompanymayfinditdifficulttocontinuetoinnovateinthefuture,ormovesoaggressivelytobuyupcompetitors.

1.Microsoft’ssharesaredevalueddrasticallyowingto（

）.

2.CiscoSystem’ssharepricehasrisenconsiderably（

）.

3.WhichisnowthesecondbiggestcompanyintheUnitedStates?

4.WhichofthefollowingcompaniesisownedbyGeneralElectricandMicrosofttogether?

5.WhyisitdifficultforMicrosofttoretainemployees?

问题1选项

A.fiercecompetitionfromrivals

B.itsinvolvementinalawsuit

C.thecourtrulings

D.thedecreaseinsalesvolume

问题2选项

A.afterithasovertakenpartofMicrosoft’sshares

B.afterithasbeatenIntelandrisentothesecondplace

C.sinceithasgainedafirmfootinginthemarket

D.becauseitisdevelopingjointlywithMicrosoft

问题3选项

A.GeneralElectric

B.Intel

C.CiscoSystems

D.GECapitalServices

问题4选项

A.GECapitalServices

B.NBC

C.CNBC

D.MSNBC

问题5选项

A.Becauseitfacesanuncertainfuture.

B.Becauseitwillhaveprobleminnovatingitself.

C.Becauseitwillhaveproblempayingthem.

D.Becauseitmaybeboughtupbyitscompetitorsoneday.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干：微软公司市值急剧下降的原因是……。A选项“与对手的激烈竞争”；B选项“卷入到一场诉讼中”C选项“法院裁决”；D选项“销售量的下降”根据题干定位到第一段倒数第二句话Muchofthereasonforthefallhasbeentheuncertaintypromptedbytheon-goinganti-trustcase.（股价下跌的主要原因是正在进行的反垄断案引发的）。所以答案是B，文中没有提到法院的裁决所以不能选C。

第2题:事实细节题。题干：思科系统公司的股价上升……。A选项“在它超过了微软的部分股份之后”；B选项“在击败英特尔并上升到第二位之后”；C选项“因为它已经在市场上站稳了脚跟”；D选项“因为它是和微软合作开发的”。根据题干定位到第二段第二句话…asthecompanyhasgaineditsroleinprovidingthehardwarefortheInternet.（……当该公司已经在为互联网提供硬件方面获得了自己的角色），C选项是这句话的同义替换，所以答案选C；文中没有提及股价上升的具体时间也没有说该公司加入了微软，所以A、B、D选项错误。

第3题:事实细节题。题干：那个公司是现在美国第二大的公司。根据题干定位到第一段最后一句话IthasbeenovertakenbyGeneralElectric,nowworth$506billion,Intel,worth$441billionandCiscoSystems,$436billion.（它已经被价值5060亿美元的通用电气、价值4410亿美元的英特尔和价值4360亿美元的思科系统所超越。）微软原本是第一，后来被这三家公司超过，排在第二的是因特尔公司，所以答案选B。

第4题:事实细节题。题干：下列哪一家公司是通用电气和微软共同拥有的？根据题干定位到第三段最后一句…anditsfinancialnewssubsidiary,CNBC,andironically,ajointventurewithMicrosofttoprovidenewsontheInternet.（以及它的金融新闻子公司CNBC，讽刺的是，这是它与微软成立的一家提供互联网新闻的合资公司。），因此答案选C。

第5题:判断推理题。题干：为什么微软很难留住员工？A选项“因为他们面临一个不确定的未来”B选项“因为他们很难做到创新”；C选项“因为它将发不出工资”；D选项“因为总有一天它会被对手买下”根据题干定位到最后一段第二句话Itcouldalsofacedifficultyinrecruitingandretainingemployeeswhosepayhasbeenboostedbytheirshareoptions.（该公司还可能在招聘和留住员工方面面临困难，这些员工的工资由他们的股票期权推动）和第四句话Itcouldsufferfurtherlossesfromlawsuitsbroughtbycompetitors,whowouldbeabletoclaimtripledamagesforanylossessuffered.（如果竞争对手提起诉讼，它可能会遭受更大的损失，而竞争对手则可以就其遭受的任何损失要求三倍的赔偿）。从这两句可以看出员工工资随着股票的涨动而动，但是微软可能还会遭受另一些诉讼，所以答案选A，C选项文章没有提及；定位到文章最后一段最后一句话Andwithitsenergyandresourcestiedupinthelawsuits,thecompanymayfinditdifficulttocontinuetoinnovateinthefuture,ormovesoaggressivelytobuyupcompetitors.（由于公司的能源和资源都被官司缠身，该公司可能会发现在未来很难继续创新，或采取激进的行动收购竞争对手。）由此可知文章指的是微软现在已经不能把对手买下了，不是被对手买下，所以错误；而不能创新不是不能留住员工的原因，所以C不能选。

10.单选题

Studentswith（）problemsmayapplyforstudentloans.

问题1选项

A.economic

B.financial

C.nabobery

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项economic“经济上的”。B选项financial“财政的”。C选项nabobery“财主常去的地方”。D选项economical“节约的，合算的”。句意：有财务问题的学生可以申请学生贷款。因此B选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Themeaningofthispoemisvery（）;Ireallydonotunderstandit.

问题1选项

A.imprecise

B.illegible

C.obscure

D.dull

【答案】C

【解析】imprecise不精确，不确切；illegible难以辨认的，字迹模糊的；obscure晦涩难懂的；dull乏味的。根据下句：我无法理解它，说明这首诗的意义是晦涩难懂的，所以选项C符合语境。试题答案

12.单选题

Coldcompresseseasethepainofthephysicalinjury,butonlytimecould______theeffectoftheinsult.

问题1选项

A.alleviate

B.decelerate

C.缺

D.perish

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项alleviate“减轻，缓和”；B选项decelerate“减速，降低速度”；C选项暂缺；D选项perish“使麻木；毁坏；死亡；毁灭；腐烂；枯萎”。句意：冷敷可以减轻身体受到的伤害，但只有时间才能______受侮辱的影响。影响应用减轻，而不用减速和毁灭，所以A选项正确。

13.单选题

Thisistheworld’sfirstaccurate（

）modelofhumanheartincomputer.

问题1选项

A.laboring

B.working

C.living

D.liking

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。laboring意为“劳动的”；working意为“工作中的，运行中的”；living意为“活着的”；liking意为“喜爱的”。

句意：这是世界上第一个用计算机精确模拟的工作中的人的心脏。

14.单选题

Inaprimaryschool,achildisinacomparativelysimplesettingandmostoftheformsarelationshipwithonefamiliarteacher.Onenteringsecondaryschool,anewworldopensupandfrequentlyitisamuchmoredifficultworld.Thepupilsoonlearnstobelessfreeinthewayhespeakstoteachersandeventohisfellowuppupils.Hebeginstolosegraduallythefreeandeasywaysoftheprimaryschool,forhesensestheneedforamorecautiousapproachinthesecondaryschoolwherethereareolderpupils.Secondarystaffandpupilssufferfromthepressureofacademicworkandseemtohavelesstimetostopandtalk.Teacherswithspecialistrolesmayseehundredsofchildreninaweek,andapupilmaybeabletoformrelationshipwithveryfewofthestaff.Hehastodecidewhichadultsareapproachable;goodschoolswillmakecleartoeveryyoungpersonfromthefirstyearwhatguidanceandpersonalhelpisavailablebutwhethertherealityoflifeintheinstitutionactuallyencouragesrequestsforhelpisanothermatters.

Adultsoftenforgetwhataconfusingpictureschoolcanoffertoachild.Heseesagreatdealofmovement,agreatnumberofpeople-oftenratherfrightening-lookingpeople-andrealizesthatanincreasingnumberofchoicesanddecisionhavetobemade.Asheprogressesthroughtheschooltheconfusionmaybecomelessbutthechoicesanddecisionsrequiredwillincrease.Theschoolwillrightlyexpectthepupiltotakethefirststepstoobtainthehelpheneeds,forthisisthepatternofadultlifeforwhichhehastobeprepared,butallthetimetheopportunitypersonalandgroupadvicemustbepresentedinawaywhichmakesthemeasytounderstandandwithineasyreachofpupils.

1.Accordingtothepassageoneoftheproblemsforpupilsenteringsecondaryschoolsisthat

（

）

2.Insecondaryschoolseverypupilhavingproblemsshould（

）.

3.Inthispassageaboutsecondaryschools,theauthorismainlyconcernedabout（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.theyaretaughtbymanydifferentteachers

B.theydonotattendlessonsineverysubject

C.theteachersdonotwanttobefriendly

D.theteachersgivemostattentiontothemoreacademicpupils

问题2选项

A.knowhowtoaskforhelp

B.befreefromanypressureofacademicwork

C.toabletodiscusshisproblemsinclass

D.beabletodiscusshisproblemswithanyteacher

问题3选项

A.academicstandards

B.theroleofspecialistteachers

C.thetrainingoftheindividualteachers

D.thepersonaldevelopmentofpupils

问题4选项

A.Pupilswillformrelationshipwitholdpupilsratherthanteachers.

B.Thesettingoftheprimaryschooliscomparativelysimplerthanthatofthesecondaryschool.

C.Alltheteachersinthesecondaryschoolareratherfrightening-looking.

D.Pupilshaveopportunitiestogethelpfromanyteacherinthesecondaryschool.

问题5选项

A.Thedifferencebetweentheprimaryschoolandthesecondaryschool.

B.Themethodthatpupilsgethelpfromtheteachers.

C.Thepersonaldevelopmentofthepupilsinthesecondaryschool.

D.Thefunctionofthesecondaryschool.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.文章第一段teacherswithspecialistrolesmayseehundredsofchildreninaweek,andapupilmaybeabletoformrelationshipwithveryfewofthestaff提到老师每周要与几百个孩子打交道，学生们很少能和老师形成密切的关系。因而能够推断学生们进入中学后会面对更多的老师，选项A符合题意。

2.文章第一段最后一句提到好的学校会让学生们清楚知道他们可以寻求哪些老师的帮助。第二段又指出学校应该期望学生们开始学习如何寻求他所需的帮助，选项A符合题意。

3.文章主要在讲述学生们从小学到初中经历的环境的巨大的变化，他们的感受，以及学校和老师应该采取什么方式来应对学生们的这些变化。由此可知，作者关注的是学生们的成长。选项D符合题意。

4.文章第一句Inaprimaryschool,achildisinacomparativelysimplesettingandmostoftheformsarelationshipwithonefamiliarteacher提到小学的环境相对于单纯，选项B符合题意。

5.文章主要是在讲述学生们步入中学后面临的一些问题，以及学校和老师就这些问题采取的一些措施，作者关心的是学生们的成长，所以选项C符合题意。

15.单选题

TheBrownslivedina（

）andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.

问题1选项

A.spacious

B.sufficient

C.wide

D.wretched

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项spacious“宽敞的；无边无际的”；B选项sufficient“足够的；充分的”；C选项wide“广泛的；宽的”；D选项wretched“可怜的；卑鄙的；令人苦恼的”。句意：布朗一家住在郊区一幢……又整洁舒适的房子里。被修饰词是“房子”，用“宽敞的”最合适。A选项正确的。

16.单选题

Thereisnodoubtthatdishonestor（）acquisitionofinformationisusuallyoverwhelmingevidencethatinformationwasconfidentialandnotpartofthedefendant’sskillandknowledge.

问题1选项

A.blatant

B.surreptitious

C.suspicious

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。blatant“喧嚣的，炫耀的”；surreptitious“秘密的”；suspicious“可疑的”；conspicuous“显而易见的”。句意：毫无疑问，不诚实或秘密获取的信息通常是压倒性的证据，表明这种信息是机密的，不属于辩护人员技能和知识的一部分。选项B符合题意。

17.单选题

ImaystillbefeelingtheeffectsofanesthesiawhenIcomehomefromthehospital,soIhopeyouarewillingtoaccompanywithmetheretomorrowandbringmeback.

问题1选项

A.maystillbefeeling

B.whenIcomehomefromthe

C.arewilling

D.accompanywithme

E.没有问题

【答案】D

【解析】固定短语误用。去掉with。由关键词“there那里”知这里表示“陪我到那里”意思，这里应用accompanysb.tosomewhere陪某人到某地”，再由there“在那里”这个副词前一般不用i词to（如gothere“去那里”）知这里直接去掉with就可以了。accompanywithsb.意思为“陪伴某人”（后面一般不接表示地点的副词）。

18.单选题

Don’tworryabouthim;Idon’tthinkhecomesintothe______atall.

问题1选项

A.picture

B.sight

C.file

D.case

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项picture“图片（comesintothepicture牵连进去）”；B选项sight“视力（comesintothesight进入视线）”；C选项file“文件夹”；D选项case“具体情况，事例”。句意：不要担心他；我认为他根本没有______。根据语境和固定搭配，A选项picture比较符合语境，意思指我认为这件事与他无关，所以不用担心他会出什么事。因此A选项正确。

19.单选题

Wecanbeginourdiscussionof“populationasaglobalissue”withwhatmostpersonmeanwhentheydiscuss“thepopulationproblem”:toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute.Itwasquiterighttoemployasimilarmatterthatlinkeddemographic(人口统计学)growthto“along,thinpowerfusethatburnssteadilyfromtimetotimeuntilitfinallyreachesthelimit,andexplodes”.

Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory.Wefindthatpopulationhavebeenreallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whereinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.

Thispatternisimportanttoknow.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighrateofdeath.

Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflong,slowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8000B.C.tillapproximately1650A.D.Andaperiodofrapidgrowthsince1650.Inthefirstperiodofsome9,600years,thepopulationincreasedformsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650andthepresent,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Anditisestimatedthatbytheyear2020therewillbe8billionpeoplethroughouttheworld.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframetosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000B.C.and1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld’spopulationeachyear.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“populationasaglobalissue”（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromtheexampleofapowerfusethat（）.

3.Whatleadstoastablegrowthofpopulationformostofhumanhistory?

4.Thereasonforarapidgrowthofpopulationliesinthefactthat（）.

5.Howmanypeopleareborneverysixhoursatpresent,accordingtotheauthor?

问题1选项

A.isquiteunlikethepopulationproblemandthusdoesn’tneedourconcern

B.focusesontrackingdownthereasonofrapidpopulationgrowth

C.dealswiththesameproblemarousedbythepopulationproblem

D.willmanagethepopulationgrowthproblemfromglobalperspectives

问题2选项

A.toomuchpopulationwillonedayleadtothedoomofhumanbeings

B.thetrendofpopulationgrowthwillkeepunsteadyuntilthedestructionofEarth

C.demographicgrowthwillfollowacertainpatternofupsanddowns

D.itislikelyinthenearfuturethatpopulationwillreducegradually

问题3选项

A.Speciescompetition

B.Lowfertility

C.Tribalfights

D.Highrateofdeath

问题4选项

A.peoplearepermittedtohavemorechildren

B.peoplecanlivebetterthanbefore

C.newbornbabiesdielessthanbefore

D.wehavefoundthesecretoflongevity

问题5选项

A.Eightymillion.

B.Eightthousand

C.Fiftythousand

D.Fivemillion

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。原文首段第一句提及“Wecanbeginourdiscussionof‘populationasaglobalissue’withwhatmostpersonmeanwhentheydiscuss‘thepopulationproblem’…当大多数人在讨论‘人口问题’的时候，我们也可以开始‘人口作为一个全球问题’的讨论。”由此可知，这两个问题是一样的，都是由人口问题引发的，所以选项C正确。

2.判断推理题。根据关键词“powerfuse”定位到第一段最后一句“Itwasquiterighttoemployasimilarmatterthatlinkeddemographicgrowthto‘along,thinpowerfusethatburnssteadilyfromtimetotimeuntilitfinallyreachesthelimit,andexplodes’.它很正确地使用了一个类似的问题，即把人口增长与‘一根又长又细的电源保险丝，它不时地稳定燃烧，直到最终达到极限并爆炸’联系起来。”由此可知，作者是想通过电源保险丝的例子告诉我们，人口过多总有一天会导致人类的灭亡，所以选项A正确。

3.细节事实题。根据第二段的倒数第三句“Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whereinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.在人类历史的大部分时间里，很少会有十分之一的人活过四十岁，而在这个时期，婴儿期和儿