情态动词和虚拟语气 英语练习题

一、选择题1．Themoviecouldn’tbemoreboring.IwishI________toit.A．hadnotbeen B．havenotbeenC．didnotgo D．havenotgone2．—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?—“Noperson________smokeorcarryalightedcigaretteorpipeinthisrestaurant.”A．will B．shallC．need D．must3．—CanIgonow，sir?—Ifyou________leave，doitquietly.A．should B．mustC．shall D．may4．IfI________time，Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou，butIhavealotofworktodo.A．had B．haveC．willhave D．hadhad5．________therainstop，thecropswouldbesaved.A．Will B．WouldC．Should D．Had6．—I’mafraidthere’snogoodnewsforyou，Tom.ShallItellyourparentsorshallIjustletthemknownothingabouttheresultofthisexam?—I’dratherthey________know，sir.A．don’t B．won’tC．didn’t D．not7．I’msorry.________formyillness，Iwouldhavecomeandlentyouahelpinghand.A．Wereitnot B．IfitwerenotC．Haditnotbeen D．Ifithasnotbeen8．Thenewsupermarkethasannouncedthatthefirsttopurchasegoodsontheopeningday________getabigprize.A．must B．shallC．would D．could9．—Iphonedyouyesterdaymorning.Agirlanswered，butIdidn’trecognizethevoice.—Oh，it________myyoungersister.Shewasinmyroomatthatmoment.A．musthavebeen B．shouldhavebeenC．couldhavebeen D．mayhavebeen10．Visittheoldmanthisafternoon？Ifyou________，makesureyouwearsunscreenstoprotectyourskin.A．must B．canC．may D．shall11．It’snouseenvyingothers’success.It’stimeyou________hard.A．mustwork B．weretoworkC．work D．shouldwork12．—IthinkI’llgiveBobaring.—You__________.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.A．should B．willC．may D．haveto13．—Whydidn’tyoucallme?—Oh，mycell-phoneranoutofpower，otherwiseI________you.A．wouldcall B．hadcalledC．called D．wouldhavecalled14．Yourmother________havefallenasleep.Youweremakingsomuchnoisesolateintheyardthen！A．mustn’t B．can’tC．mightn’t D．shouldn’t15．—________youpractiseplayingthepianoatthistime？Youseeit’sdeepintothenight!—Oh，I’msorry，Mum.A．Will B．CanC．Should D．Must16．Hadthegovernmentsandscientistsnotworkedtogether，AIDS-relateddeaths________sincetheirhighestin2005.A．hadnotfallenB．wouldnotfallC．didnotfallD．wouldnothavefallen17．ButforthechancesIwasblessedwith，mylife________easily________aturnfortheworse.A．would；takeB．will；havetakenC．should；takeD．couldhave；taken18．IfonlyI________atthepartylastnight！ButIhadtopreparefortheconference.A．were B．hadbeenC．havebeen D．was19．Haditnotbeenforyourpracticaladvice，we______suchgreatachievements.A．wouldmake B．wouldn’thavemadeC．didn’tmake D．hadn’tmade20．Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents____twoweekstopreparefortheexams.A．give B．begivenC．shouldgive D．wouldbegiven二、单句填空1．TheonlythingthatI________dowasthatIwishedheralonglife.2．Sinceyouhavesuchgoodpreparations，there________notbeanyproblemaboutpassingthecomingjobinterview.3．Ithasbeenacceptedthatallthestudents________putonmasksbeforegoingtoschoolincasetheyareinfectedwithfluvirus.4．Therewasalittlemousestayingathomeallday.I________goout，evenatnight.5．Ihavehertelephonenumber.You________callherifyoulike.6．Ithinksomething________havehappenedtoJill.7．Somestudentsprefertoconsidermajorsfirstsothatthey________learnwhattheyareinterestedin.8．Hisdoctortoldhimnottosmokeanymore，buthe________listen.9．NowI________liketoaskyoutolookatsomephotographsifyoudon'tmind.10．Anyone________beinaroughlifetime，whetherheis“BaiFumei”or“GaoFushuai”．三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。My14­year­oldsonJohnandInoticedthecoatatthesametimeinasecond­handclothingstore.It1.(stand)outamongtheoldcoats.Thepricewasalsounbelievable:$28(171yuan)．Woolentopcoatswerepopularwithteenageboys，buttheycouldcostseveralhundreddollarsnow.Heput2.onandthefitwasperfect.Johnworethecoattoschoolthenextdayandcamehome

3.abigsmile.“Did4.(kid)likeyourcoat？”Iasked.“Theylovedit，”hesaid.Overthenextfewweeks，Johnchanged.Hewaspoliteandoverallmuchhappier.“Gooddinner，Mom.”hewouldsayeveryevening.OnedaywhenIsuggestedthatheshouldstartonhishomeworkbeforedinner，John，5.alwaysputthingsoff，said，“You'reright.IguessIwill.”6.Italkedtooneofhisteachersaboutthesedifferences，shejokedthatthecoat7.(change)him.Asis8.(know)toJohnandme，clothesdonotdefineaperson，9.thereissomethingtobe10.(value)forlookinggood.一、选择题1．Themoviecouldn’tbemoreboring.IwishI________toit.A．hadnotbeen B．havenotbeenC．didnotgo D．havenotgone答案A解析句意为：这部电影无聊透了。我希望我没有去看它。wish后的宾语从句表示对过去事情的虚拟，故谓语动词用过去完成时，选A。2．—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?—“Noperson________smokeorcarryalightedcigaretteorpipeinthisrestaurant.”A．will B．shallC．need D．must答案B3．—CanIgonow，sir?—Ifyou________leave，doitquietly.A．should B．mustC．shall D．may答案B解析句意为：——我现在可以走吗，先生？——如果你非要离开，悄悄地走。must偏要，非得。4．IfI________time，Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou，butIhavealotofworktodo.A．had B．haveC．willhave D．hadhad答案A解析句意为：如果我有时间的话，我肯定会和你一起去看电影，但是我有很多工作要做。对现在情况的虚拟，条件句谓语动词需用动词的过去式，故选A。5．________therainstop，thecropswouldbesaved.A．Will B．WouldC．Should D．Had答案C解析句意为：如果雨停了的话，庄稼将会得救。表示对将来情况的假设，可用“should＋动词原形”。从句为省略if将should提前构成的倒装。6．—I’mafraidthere’snogoodnewsforyou，Tom.ShallItellyourparentsorshallIjustletthemknownothingabouttheresultofthisexam?—I’dratherthey________know，sir.A．don’t B．won’tC．didn’t D．not答案C7．I’msorry.________formyillness，Iwouldhavecomeandlentyouahelpinghand.A．Wereitnot B．IfitwerenotC．Haditnotbeen D．Ifithasnotbeen答案C解析句意为：我很抱歉。要不是我病了，我会来帮你一把的。从句为省略if的部分倒装结构，由主句中的wouldhavecome以及句意可知，这里是对过去情况的假设，故选C。8．Thenewsupermarkethasannouncedthatthefirsttopurchasegoodsontheopeningday________getabigprize.A．must B．shallC．would D．could答案B解析句意为：这家新开的超市宣布，第一个在开张那天购买商品的人将获得一个大奖。shall在此处表示“许诺”。9．—Iphonedyouyesterdaymorning.Agirlanswered，butIdidn’trecognizethevoice.—Oh，it________myyoungersister.Shewasinmyroomatthatmoment.A．musthavebeen B．shouldhavebeenC．couldhavebeen D．mayhavebeen答案A解析句意为：——我昨天早上给你打电话了。接电话的是一个女孩子，但我没有听出是谁的声音。——哦，一定是我妹妹。当时她在我的房间里。表示对过去的肯定性推测，用“must＋havedone”结构。10．Visittheoldmanthisafternoon？Ifyou________，makesureyouwearsunscreenstoprotectyourskin.A．must B．canC．may D．shall答案A解析句意为：今天下午去拜访那位老人？如果你一定要去的话，一定要涂上防晒霜来保护你的皮肤。此处must表示“偏要，非得，硬要”。11．It’snouseenvyingothers’success.It’stimeyou________hard.A．mustwork B．weretoworkC．work D．shouldwork答案D12．—IthinkI’llgiveBobaring.—You__________.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.A．should B．willC．may D．haveto答案A解析should应该；will会；may也许；haveto不得不。根据下句“Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.”可知此处表达的是“应该”，故选A。13．—Whydidn’tyoucallme?—Oh，mycell-phoneranoutofpower，otherwiseI________you.A．wouldcall B．hadcalledC．called D．wouldhavecalled答案D解析英语中当表示条件时没有连词if，而是用otherwise、or、but、butfor等形式来表达，这种类型的虚拟语气被称之为含蓄的虚拟条件句。本题中otherwise表示“否则”，相当于一个虚拟条件句。由“ranoutofpower”可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以用“would/should/could/might＋havedone”，故选D。14．Yourmother________havefallenasleep.Youweremakingsomuchnoisesolateintheyardthen！A．mustn’t B．can’tC．mightn’t D．shouldn’t答案B15．—________youpractiseplayingthepianoatthistime？Youseeit’sdeepintothenight!—Oh，I’msorry，Mum.A．Will B．CanC．Should D．Must答案D解析will会；can能够；should应该；must必须。must除了表示命令和要求外，还可以表示责备的语气，意思是“非要……不可吗”。故选D。16．Hadthegovernmentsandscientistsnotworkedtogether，AIDS-relateddeaths________sincetheirhighestin2005.A．hadnotfallenB．wouldnotfallC．didnotfallD．wouldnothavefallen答案D解析根据题干，从句中had置于句首可知，此处为虚拟语气中省略连词if的情况。由从句中谓语动词hadnotworked(haddone)可知，是对过去情况的假设，所以主句中的谓语动词应用would/could/might/shouldhavedone来表示对过去情况的假设，故选D。17．ButforthechancesIwasblessedwith，mylife________easily________aturnfortheworse.A．would；takeB．will；havetakenC．should；takeD．couldhave；taken答案D解析句中butfor表示条件，意为“要不是……”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气；对过去的虚拟，主句要用情态动词加完成时态来构成；will不能构成虚拟，故选D。18．IfonlyI________atthepartylastnight！ButIhadtopreparefortheconference.A．were B．hadbeenC．havebeen D．was答案B解析ifonly要是……就好了，表达要用虚拟语气，根据句中的时间状语lastnight，可以看出是对过去的虚拟，所以时态要用过去完成时haddone，故选B。19．Haditnotbeenforyourpracticaladvice，we______suchgreatachievements.A．wouldmake B．wouldn’thavemadeC．didn’tmake D．hadn’tmade答案B20．Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents____twoweekstopreparefortheexams.A．give B．begivenC．shouldgive D．wouldbegiven答案B解析句意为：老师赞同这个建议：给学生两周的备考时间。名词suggestion后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，其虚拟形式为“(should＋)动词原形”，又因为students与give之间为被动关系，故谓语需用被动形式，选B。二、单句填空1．TheonlythingthatI________dowasthatIwishedheralonglife.【答案】could【解析】句意：我唯一能做的事情是希望她能长寿。所填词表示能力，此处要表达我唯一“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could。2．Sinceyouhavesuchgoodpreparations，there________notbeanyproblemaboutpassingthecomingjobinterview.【答案】should【解析】句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should。3．Ithasbeenacceptedthatallthestudents________putonmasksbeforegoingtoschoolincasetheyareinfectedwithfluvirus.【答案】shall【解析】句意：为防止学生感染病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受。在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall。4．Therewasalittlemousestayingathomeallday.I________goout，evenatnight.5．Ihavehertelephonenumber.You________callherifyoulike.【答案】can【解析】句意：我有她的电话号码，如果你不介意你可以给她打电话。所填词表示允许，意为“你可以给她打电话”，故用can。6．Ithinksomething________havehappenedtoJill.【答案】must【解析】句意：我想在吉尔身上一定发生了什么事。根据Ithink...判断，所填词表示一种非常有把握的肯定推测，故用情态动词must。7．Somestudentsprefertoconsidermajorsfirstsothatthey________learnwhattheyareinterestedin.【答案】can【解析】句意：有些学生愿意首先考虑专业，以便能够学到自己感兴趣的知识。所填词表示可能性，故填can。8．Hisdoctortoldhimnottosmokeanymore，buthe________listen.【答案】wouldn't【解析】句意：他的医生让他别吸烟了，但是他不愿意听。根据but表示转折判断，此处说的是“不愿意”听，故填情态动词wouldn't。9．NowI________liketoaskyoutolookatsomephotographsifyoudon'tmind.【答案】would【解析】句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片。Iwouldliketodo...是固定句式，意为“我想做……”。10．Anyone________beinaroughlifetime，whetherheis“BaiFumei”or“GaoFushuai”．【答案】can【解析】句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”。此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can。三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。My14­year­oldsonJohnandInoticedthecoatatthesametimeinasecond­handclothingstore.It1.