(北京专版)2020中考英语复习方案第一篇话题分层复习话题14饮食、卫生与健康试题

㊉话题14饮食、卫生与健康③主题语篇阅读阅读理解A[2018•东城一模]ArkansasmaygiveuptheBMIprogramorweakenitwiththehelpofthenewgovernor,whosaidithad“alotofnegative,unexpectedresults”.ThenumberofoverweightchildrenintheUnitedStateshasmorethandoubledinthepast20years.Beingseriouslyoverweightcanleadtohealthproblemslaterinlife.Asaresult,ArkansasfirststartedtheBMIprogramin2004—publicschoolswererequiredtoprovideparentswithayearlyreportoftheirchildren'sbody-massindex（BMI）,anumbertoshowwhethertheirweightisappropriate（合适的）.Alongwithstudents'BMIs,parentsalsoreceivedinformationonhealthrisksofbeingoverweight.Astudyshowsthatobesity（肥胖）ratesinArkansashavestoppedincreasingsince2004.Butnoteveryonesupportsschoolsinreportingstudents'BMIs.Someparentshavecomplainedtheirkidsworrythattheyarebeing“graded”ontheirweight,althoughDr.JoeThompson,whohelpedplantheBMIprogram,gavetheexplanationatthestartoftheprogram,“Justlikeaschoolcheckforvisionorhearing,thisisawaytoraiseawareness（意识）aboutahealthrisk."Criticsarguethattellingparentstheirchildrenweightoomuchcouldhurtchildren'sself-esteem（自尊）.Somealsoquestionwhetherit'stheroleofschoolstomonitorstudents'weight.Dr.NancyKrebs,anutritionexpert,alsothinksobesityreportcardsaren'tgoodenough.“They'remakingkidsfeelbadabouthowtheyare,"shesays.“Insteadoffocusingonkids'BMIs,schoolsshouldprovidebetterhealthandphysicaleducationclassesandservehealthierfood."However,supportersoftheprogramsayoverweightchildrenhavehadself-esteemproblemsbeforetheirparentsgetobesityreportcards.Dr.KarenYoungatArkansasChildren'sHospitalsays,“Theoverweightkidsarebeingteased（被嘲弄）.Itdoesn'ttaketheletterforthemtofeelbad."HealthexpertsfromtheUniversityofArkansasthinkitwouldbeapitytostoptheBMIprogram.Theyseetheprogramasawake-upcallforfamiliesandtheletterispurringsomemajoractiononsomeparents.DanitaThomassaidsheknewhersonIriewastooheavy.ButsincegettingthatfirstBMIreport,Iriehaslostnearly100poundsandgivenupjunkfood.“Itwashelpful,"shesaid.“Itmademerealizethatweneededtodosomethingdifferent."TheBMIreportsandothersteps,suchaslimitsonvendingmachin自(动售货机)useatschool,areleadingtohealthierstudents.IftherewasnoBMIprogram,thereshouldbeothereffectivetoolstogetschoolsandparentsinvolvedwithpreventingchildrenfrombecomingoverweightadults.WhatmightbethepurposeoftheBMIprograminArkansas?()Tomaketheschoolsrealizetheimportanceofhealtheducation.Towarnparentsofhealthrisksofoverweightchildren.Todriveparentstolearnmoreknowledgeonhealth.Toexplainwhysomestudentsgainweightquickly.Dr.NancyKrebsbelievesthat.()overweightstudentsareusuallylaughedatbyclassmatesschoolsshouldteachstudentshowtoleadahealthylifeoverweightstudentsusuallygetlowgradesatschoolschoolsshoulddothejobtorecordstudents'weightThewordsspurringsomemajoractiononsomeparents"inParagraph6probablymean“()keepingsomeparentsfromworriesencouragingsomeparentstomakechangeshelpingsomeparentslearnfromotherfamiliessupportingsomeparentsinexpressingtheiropinionsWhatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?()Whatschoolsshouldreporttoparents.Howschoolscancareaboutoverweightstudents.Whyschoolsshouldhelpstudentscontroltheirweight.Whetherschoolsshouldreportstudents'BMIstoparents.B[2019•房山期末]Bottledwaterhasbecomethechoiceforpeoplewhoarehealthyandthirsty.Bottledwaterisallovertheworld.Butsomesaytheplanet'shealthandpeople'shealthmaybesufferingfromit.Theideathatbottledwaterissaferforhumansmaynotbetrue.TheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilofAmericasaid,“Thereisnopromisethatbecausewatertaptapcomesoutofabottle,itiscleanerorsaferthanwaterfromthetap.”AnotherNewYorkCity-basedactiongroupaddedthatsomebottledwateris“reallyjusttapwaterinabottle—sometimescleaner,sometimesnot.”Itisnottestedthatbottledwaterisbetterthantapwater.NickReevesfromtheCharteredInstitutionofWaterandEnvironmentalManagementsaid,“Thehighmineralcontent（矿物质含量ofsomebottledwatermakesitnotgoodforfeedingbabiesandyoungchildren.”Also,mostbottledwaterdoesn'thavefluoride（氟化物），whichcanmaketeethstronger.Kidsaredrinkingmorebottledwaterandlessfluoridatedtapwater,andsomesaythat'sbehindtherecentriseinbadteeth.Storingisanotherproblem.Placednearheat,theplasticbottlescanproducebadchemicalsintothewater.Storebottledwaterappropriately.Bottledwater,likemanyfoodsanddrinks,shouldbestoredintheappropriatewaytokeepthequalityandsafetyoftheproduct.Keepbottledwateroutofthelightandheat.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,some2.7milliontonsofplasticareusedworldwidetobottlewatereachyear.Theplasticcantakebetween400and1,000yearstobreakdown.Forenergyuse,plasticbottlesarealsonotcheap.Onereportsaidthatifwateranddrinkbottlershadused10percentrecycledmaterialsintheirplasticbottles,theywouldhavesavedabout72milliongallonsofgas.So,ifyouareworriedabouttheeffectofbottledwaterontheearth,youcantakethefollowingfoursteps:Step1.Drinkfromyourtap.Unlessyourgovernmentwarnsagainstthis,itshouldbefine.Step2.Getacontainer（容器）.Carryyourtapwaterinasteeloralineddrinkingcontainer,andcleanitbeforeusing.Step3.Keepitcool.Don'tdrinkfromabottlethathasbeensittinginthesun,don'tstoreitnearchemicals,anddon'treuseplasticbottles.Step4.Chooseglasscontainersoverplasticifpossible.Whenfinished,recycle!Whatcanwelearnaboutbottledwaterfromthepassage?（）Plasticbottlesarenotexpensivetomake.Itistestedthatbottledwaterhashighfluoride.Bottledwatermaycausetheriseinbadteeth.Theplasticcanbebrokendowninlessthan400years.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterprobablyagreesthat.（）bottledwaterissaferandcleanerthantapwaterforhumansplasticbottlescanproducebadchemicalsintothewaterincoolplacesbabiesandyoungchildrenneedbottledwaterwithhighmineralcontentgascanbesavedifwateranddrinkbottlershadusedrecycledplasticbottlesThewritermentionsthefourstepstoshowthat.（）wecandosomethingtoreducethebadeffectofbottledwaterwecanimprovethebottledwaterbystoringitinrightplacesthegovernmentisagainstpeopletodrinktapwaterinrecentyearsscientistscaninventsomenewmaterialstoproducebottledwaterWhatisthebesttitleofthepassage?（）BottledwaterandtapwaterBecarefultodrinkbottledwaterThedisadvantagesofbottledwaterHowtodrinkbottledwatersafelyII.[2019•西城一模]回答问题OnSundayItookpartinTomatoSauceDayofmyfriendDeb'sfamily.Iamthankfulformybeautifulfriendtosharethisfamilymilestone（里程碑）event.Ninefamilymembers,myselfandafewfriends,tookpartintheday.SundaywasaspecialdaybecauseitwasthelasttimethatTomatoSauceDayeventwouldbecarriedoutatGrandma'shome.TomatoSauceDayisgoingtobedifferentnextyearintermsofthesurrounds环（境）,however,Ihaveafeelingthatallelsewillremainunchanged.Grandmapassedaway5yearsago,andDebandheruncleboughttheproperty（地产）.Plansareinprogresstobeginbuildingtwonewhomesonthesameplace.Ilistenedtothefamilydiscussingtheactivitiesoftheday,pastsaucedaysandmemories.Aloveofthetraditionofthedayandhappymemoriesofsharingthedaywithfamilymemberswhohavepassedawaywererecounted.Thevalueofspendingtimetogetherasafamilywasobvious.Thebasicprocessandrecipe（菜谱）forthesaucemadebyDeb'sfamilyremainsthesamewayasitisstilldoneinGrandma'svillagetoday:Theeventtakesplaceonceayear.Sauceismadebythefamily,forthefamilyfortheyearahead.•Thesauceismadewithjustsaltaddedtothetomatoes.Thisallowsthefamilytouseitthroughouttheyearinvariousdishesasthebaseingredient食（材）.Theyaddtheirownpreferredingredientsinth