扬州18届高三下开学考试(2月)

扬州18届高三下开学考试(2月)扬州18届高三下开学考试(2月)扬州18届高三下开学考试(2月)资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月扬州18届高三下开学考试(2月)版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：江苏省扬州中学2017-2018学年度第二学期开学检测高三英语试卷2018.2第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21.Achildshouldbereceivingeithermeatoreggsdaily,preferably______.A.neither B.none C.either D.both22.Inthelecture,theprofessortoldhisstudentsabouthowtowritean_________ofagraduatepaper,expressingthemainargument.A.account B.application C.address D.abstract23.Itwasthemiddleofnight________myhusbandwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.A.whileB.thatC.asD.when24.Thebungalownearthesouthschoolgatewillbe______intoclassroomsformusicandart.A.transmittedB.transferredC.transformedD.transported25.NewYorkisthefashioncapitaloftheworld,saysanewstudyonFeb4.2014bytheGlobalLanguageMonitor,Paris____second,withShanghai_____10thwhileHongkong20th.A.

coming,

ranks

B.

come,

ranked

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comes,

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ranking26.Lookingbackuponhisteachingcareer,hedoesn’tremembereverhavingbeendoubted,orchallengedinclass,________rejected.A.otherthanB.letaloneC.ratherthanD.morethan’’’’’s_________I’whyD.28.Likeallteenagersthere’sonethingshe’drather__________spots.A.dowithoutB.doupC.dowithD.dooff29.Theemployeemighthavebeendismissedbytheemployerlastmonth,______

A.hasn'theB.didn'theC.wasn'theD.mightn'the30.Onanaveragedaymostofus_____oursmartphones47times,andnearlydoublethatifwe’rebetweentheagesof18and24.A.checked B.wouldcheck C.willcheck D.check31.Shewaslikelytotellthewholetruth,incasesotherpeoplewouldhavekeptsilence.A.where B.that C.who D.which32.Somebelievethatchinafacessimilarproblemsasdevicesmeanttofightcrime_______toinvadeprivacy.

A.beginningB.begunC.beginD.hadbegun33.She’saddedafewcharactersandchangedsomenamesbutthisisatruestory.A.completely B.necessarily C.gradually D.essentially34.Itisvitalto______toteenagersthesimplefactthat_______theInternetwillmoreorlessdoharmtobothmentalandphysicalhealth.A.getacross;beingaddictedtoB.getover;addictedtoC.getthrough;addictingtoD.getdown;addictingthemselvesto35.-I’lltakethenewtruck,-Andleavemetodrivetheoldone?.A.Don’tmentionit B.ForgetitC.I’msorry D.Badluck第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题l分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。Ahandsomemancanearnafifthmorethanaplainercolleaguebutabeautifulwomanisnotpaidapennymorethanheraverage-lookingcolleagues,newresearchhasshown.Thestudybysenioreconomistsfoundthatgood-looking__36__maleworkerscouldearn22percentmorethancolleagueswholooked__37__.Researcherssaidgoodlooksdidnotgivewomenasimilar__38__.AndrewLeigh,theformereconomicsprofessorattheAustralianNationalUniversitywhoco-authoredthereport,said“__39__canbeadouble-edgedswordforwomen.”Somepeoplestill__40__goodlooksandintelligenceareincompatible(矛盾的)inwomensoagood-lookingwomancan’tbethat_41__,butitdoesn’t__42__men’spay.Hesaidthat__43__hebelievedgood-lookingwomenmayalso__44__more,theresearchdidnot__45__histheory.Theresearchfoundthat__46__meninalljobs,frommanuallabortohighly-paidprofessional__47__,canearn22percentmorethantheircolleaguesdoinga/an__48__role.Menwithbelow-averagelooksfaceabattleintheoffice,withugliness__49__aman’searningby26percent__50__anaverage-lookingworker.FormermalemodelIanMitchell,28,whohasafirstclass__51__inhistoryfromUniversityofEdinburghandnowworksforacosmeticcompany,toldTheSundayTimes:“Itgivesyou__52__,andIsuspectpeople__53__towarmtoyoumorequickly.”Thestudy,entitledUnpackingtheBeautyPremium,wasthelargestexerciseofitskindandrepeateda___54_from1984toseeifthebeautypremiumhadchanged.Leighsaidtheresearchshowedpeopleintheworkplacewere“lookist”andhehopedthefindingswouldencourage__55__toreservetheirprejudice.36.A.guaranteed B.meant C.declared D.expected37.A.average B.energetic C.smart D.horrible38.A.ambition B.advantage C.assessment D.award39.Intelligence B.Wealth C.Beauty D.Reputation40.A.expect B.suspect C.ignore D.believe41.A.productive B.special C.attractive D.popular42.A.harm B.encourage C.affect D.suffer43.A.since B.although C.as D.because44.A.earn B.benefit C.produce D.learn45.a.approve B.develop C.accelerate D.support46.A.handsome B.gifted C.intelligent D.common47.A.situations B.careers C.levels D.occasions48.A.important B.different C.fair D.similar49.A.reduce B.increase C.reducing D.increasing50.A.basedon B.relatedto C.comparedwith D.connectedwith51.A.role B.altitude C.degree D.grade52.A.pride B.reference C.satisfaction D.confidence53.A.stick B.agree C.attempt D.tend54.A.survey B.conclusion C.performance D.construction55.A.employees B.employers C.interviewers D.businessmen第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADINERSTONYSOPRANO’SLASTMEALBetween1912andthe1990s,NewJerseyStatewashometomorethan20dinermanufacturerswhomadeprobably95percentofthedinersintheU.S.,saysKatieZavoski,whoishelpingholdadinerexhibit.Whatmakesadineradiner(Andnot,say,acoffeeshop)Traditionally,adinerisbuiltinafactoryandthendeliveredtoitsowntownorcityratherthanconstructedon-site.ZavoskicreditsNewJersey’slocationasthekeytoitsmasteryoftheform.“Itwasjusttheperfectplacetomanufacturethediners,”shesays.“Wewouldshipthemwhereverweneededtobysea.”VISIT“IconsofAmericanCulture:HistoryofNewJerseyDiners,”runningthroughJune2017atTheCorneliusHouse/MiddlesexCountyMuseuminPiscataway,NewJerseyGOODFOOD,GOODTUNESSuzanneVega’s1987song“Tom’sDiner”isprobablybestknownforitsfrequentlysampled“doodoodoodoo”melody(旋律)ratherthanitsdiner-relatedlyrics.Technically,it’snotevenreallyaboutadiner—thesettingisNewYorkCity’sTom’sRestaurant,whichVegafrequentedwhenshewasstudyingatBarnard.Vegausedtheword“diner”insteadbecauseit“singsbetterthatway,”shetoldTheNewYorkTimes.November18hassincebeencalledTom’sDinerDay,becauseonthatdayin1981,theNewYorkPost’sfrontpagewasastoryaboutthedeathofactorWilliamHolden.InhersongVegasings:“IOpen/Upthepaper/There’sastory/Ofanactor/Whohaddied/Whilehewasdrinking.”LISTEN“Tom’sDiner”bySuzanneVegaMEETTHEDINERANTHROPOLOGISTRichardJ.S.Gutmanhasbeencalledthe“JaneGoodallofdiners”(heevenconsultedonBarryLevinson’s1982film,Diner).Hisbook,AmericanDiner:ThenNow,tracestheevolutionofthe“nightlunchwagon,”setupbyWalterScottin1872,totheearly1920s,whenthedinergotitsname(adaptedfrom“diningcar’’),andonthroughthe1980s.Gutmanhashisowndinerfacilities(floorplans,classicwhitemugs,acashierbooth);250oftheseitemsarcpartofanexhibitinRhodeIsland.READAmericanDiner:Then&Now(JohnHopkinsUniversityPress)VISIT“Diners:StillCookinginthe21stCentury,”currentlyrunningattheCulinaryArtsMuseumatJohnson&WalesUniversityinProvidence,RhodeIsland56.Inwhatwayisadinerdifferentfromacoffeeshop?A.Itslocation. B.Itsmanagement.C.Fromwhatitisbuilt. D.Whereitisconstructed.57.WhatdoweknowaboutVega’s1987song“Tom’sDiner”A.Itwarnspeoplenottodrink.B.ItwasinspiredbyTom’sDinerDay.C.Itsmelodyispreferredtoitslyrics.D.ItsoriginaltitlewasTom’sRestaurant.BUniversitygraduatesMallorieBrodieandLaurenHasegawa,whoinventedasmartphoneappthattracksconstructiondefectsforcommercialbuilders,hadatigerbythetail.Bridgit,whichtheyfoundedin2012,launchedacloud-basedcommunicationsplatformthathelpedmanagedefectsonconstructionsites,whichcandelayprojectsandresultincostlyrepairsifleftunchecked.Thesmartphoneapplicationletssitesupervisorstakephotosofcracksordamagedpaint,sharethemwithemployeesandtracktheproblemstosolution.Morethan600subcontractorsusedthepilotversioninmanybuildingsitesbeforethecommercialversion,calledCloseout,officiallylaunched.Feedbackwassogoodthattheybegantowonder:WhylimittheirinventiontoaspecificindustryWhynotturnitintosomekindofahandytoolforconsumerstooThisbecametheirdilemma.Inotherwords,shouldtheystaythecourseorlookforwiderapplicationsoftheirappTheexpertspolledallagreedBridgitshouldstayfocusedonitsoriginalgoal.Ms.HasegawaandMs.Brodietookthatadvice.Asmorebusinesscustomerssignedon,itbecameclearthattheymadetherightdecision.Sincethen,thecompany’sgrowthhasbeenrapid.Earlierthisyear,BridgitlaunchedCloseout,whichisdesignedsothateventheleasttech-savvycanuseiteasily.Today,theappisbeingusedonsitesacrossCanadaandtheUnitedStatesandevenbytopgeneralcontractors.InOctober,BridgitwasnamedtotheCanadianInnovationExchange’stop20listofCanada’smostinnovativecompaniesworkingindigitalmediaandinformationandcommunicationtechnology.ButMs.HasegawaandMs.Brodiearenotrestingontheirglories.TheyhavealsobeencollectingfeedbackonCloseoutfromcustomers,andthey’lllaunchanewversioninthespring.Itwilltargetnotonlygeneralcontractorsbutdevelopersandbuildingowners,too.58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂defects＂inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Style. B.Process. C.Drawback. D.Material.59.Whatdidthetwograduatesdecidetodowhenthepilotversionwaswellreceived?A.Turntotheordinaryconsumermarket.B.Lookforwiderapplicationsoftheirapp.C.Turnitintoawidely-usedtoolforconsumers.D.Continuecenteringonthedevelopmentinconstructionindustry.60.Whocouldbetheirpotentialcustomers?A.Smartphoneusers. B.Architects.C.Computerprogrammers. D.Photographers.61.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitle?

A.Graduates’smartphoneapplicationtakesoffB.Graduates’smartphoneapplicationhasabrightfutureC.Graduates’smartphoneapplicationmeetswithchallengesD.Graduates’smartphoneapplicationplaysanimportantroleinourlifeCTheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantimplicationsforhowmedicineseedstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering.Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof“doubleeffects”,acenturies-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffectsagoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatisforeseenispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusinghighdosesofmorphinetocontrolterminallyillpatients’pain,eventhoughincreasingdosageswilleventuallykillthepatient.NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthattheprinciplewillshielddoctorswho"untilnowhavevery,verystronglyinsistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficientmedicationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath."GeorgeAnnas,chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBostonUniversity,maintainsthat,aslongasadoctorprescribesadrugforalegitimatemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingillegalevenifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath."It'slikesurgery,"hesays.“Wedon'tcallthosedeathshomicidesbecausethedoctorsdidn'tintendtokilltheirpatients,althoughtheyriskedtheirdeath.Ifyou'reaphysician,youcanriskyourpatient'ssuicideaslongasyoudon'tintendtheirsuicide."Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedicalcommunityacknowledgethattheassisted-suicidedebatehasbeenfueledinpartbythedespairofpatientsforwhommodernmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyofdying.JustthreeweeksbeforetheCourt'srulingonphysician-assistedsuicide,theNationalAcademyofScience(NAS)releasedatwo-volumereport,ApproachingDeath:ImprovingCareattheEndofLife.Itidentifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof"ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandevendishonortheperiodofdying"asthetwinproblemsofend-of-lifecare.Theprofessionistakingstepstorequireyoungdoctorstotraininhospices,totestknowledgeofaggressivepainmanagementtherapies,todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,andtodevelopnewstandardsforassessingandtreatingpainattheendoflife.Annassayslawyerscanplayakeyroleininsistingthatthesewell-meaningmedicalinitiativestranslateintobettercare.“Largenumbersofphysiciansseemunconcernedwiththepaintheirpatientsareneedlesslyandpredictablysuffering,”totheextentthatitconstitutes“systematicpatientabuse.”Hesaysmedicallicensingboards“mustmakeitclear...thatpainfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatareincompetentlymanagedandshouldresultinlicensesuspension.”62.Fromthefirstthreeparagraphs,welearnthat_____________A.doctorsusedtoincreasedrugdosagestocontroltheirpatients'pain.B.itisstillillegalfordoctorstohelpthedyingendtheirlives.C.theSupremeCourtstronglyopposesphysician-assistedsuicide.D.patientshavenoconstitutionalrighttocommitsuicide.63.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Doctorswillbeheldguiltyiftheyrisktheirpatients'death.B.Modernmedicinehasassistedterminallyillpatientsinpainlessrecovery.C.TheCourtruledthathigh-dosagepain-relievingmedicationcanbeprescribed.D.Adoctor'smedicationisnolongerjustifiedbyhisintentions.64.Whichofthefollowingbestdefinestheword“aggressive"(line3,paragraph7)

A.Bold.B.Harmful.C.Careless.D.Desperate.65.GeorgeAnnaswouldprobablyagreethatdoctorsshouldbepunishedifthey__________.A.managetheirpatientsincompetentlyB.givepatientsmoremedicinethanneededC.reducedrugdosagesfortheirpatientsD.prolongtheneedlesssufferingofthepatientsDWhatawasteofmoney!Inreturnforanaverageof￡44,000ofdebt,studentsgetanaverageofonly14hoursoflectureandtutorialtimeaweekinBritain.Annualfeeshaverisenfrom£1,000to$9,000inthelastdecade.Butcontacttimeatuniversityhasbarelyrisenatall.Andgraduatingdoesn’tevenprovideanyguaranteeofadecentjob:sixintengraduatestodayareinnon-graduatejobs.Nowonderithasbecomefashionabletodenouncemanyuniversitiesaslittlemorethatelaboratecom-tricks.There’salotforstudentstocomplainabouttherepaymentthresholdforpayingbackloanswillbefrozenforfiveyears,meaningthatlower-paidgradualshavetostartrepayingtheirloans,andmaintenancegrantshavebeenreplacedbyloansmeaningthatstudentsfrompoorerbackgroundsfacehigherdebtthanthosewithwealthierparents.Yetitstillpaystogotouniversity.Ifgoingtouniversitydoesn’tworkout,studentspayverylittle—ifany—oftheirtuitionfeesback,youonlystartrepayingwhenyouareearning£21,000ayear.Almosthalfofgraduates—thosewhogoontoearnless—willhaveaportionoftheirdebtwrittenoff.It’snotjustthelecturesandtutorialsthatareimportant.Educationisthesumofwhatstudentsteacheachotherinbetweenlecturesandseminars.Studentsdonotmerelybenefitwhileatuniversity,studiesshowtheygoontobehealthierandhappierthannon-graduates,andalsofarmorelikelytovote.Whateveryourtalents,itisextraordinarilydifficulttogetaleadingjobinmostfieldswithouthavingbeentouniversity.Recruiterscircleeliteuniversitieslikevulturous(兀鹰).Manytopfirmswillnotevenlookatapplicationsfromthosewholacka2.1,i.e.,anupper-secondclassdegree,fromaneliteuniversity.Studentsatuniversityalsomeetthoselikelytobeinleadingjobsinthefuture,formingcontactsforlife.Thismightnotberight,butschool-leaverswhofailtoacknowledgeasmuchriskmakingthewrongdecisionaboutgoingtouniversity.Perhapsthereasonwhysomanyuniversitiesoffertheirstudentssolittleistheyknowstudyingatatopuniversityremainsabrilliantinvestmentevenifyoudon’tlearnanything.Studyingatuniversitywillonlybecomelessattractiveifemployersshifttheirfocusawayfromwheresomeonewenttouniversity—andthereisnosignofthathappeninganytimesoon.School-leaversmaymoan,buttheyhavelittlechoicebuttoembraceuniversityandthestudentdebtthatcomeswithit.66.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofgoingtouniversity?A.Itisworthwhileafterall.B.Itissimplyawasteoftime.C.Itishardtosaywhetheritisgoodorbad.D.Itistooexpensiveformostyoungpeople.67.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheemploymentsituationofBritishuniversitygraduates?A.Fewofthemaresatisfiedwiththejobstheyareoffered.B.Itusuallytakesalongtimeforthemtofindadecentjob.C.Graduatesfromeliteuniversitiesusuallycangetdecentjobs.D.Mostofthemtakejobswhichdon’trequireacollegedegree.68.Whatdoestheauthorsayisimportantforuniversitystudentsbesidesclassroominstruction?A.Makingsuretoobtainanupper-secondclassdegree.B.Practicalskillstheywillneedintheirfuturecareers.C.Interactionsamongthemselvesoutsidetheclassroom.D.Developingindependentandcreativethinkingabilities.69.Whatissaidtobeanadvantageofgoingtouniversity?A.Learninghowtotakerisksinanever-changingworld.B.Meetingpeoplewhowillbehelpfultoyouinthefuture.C.Havingopportunitiesofplayingaleadingroleinsociety.D.Gainingup-to-dateknowledgeinscienceandtechnology.70.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisnaturalforstudentstomakecomplaintsaboutuniversityeducation.B.Fewstudentsarewillingtobeartheburdenofdebtincurredatuniversity.C.Universityeducationisbecomingattractivetostudentswhocanaffordit.D.Theprestigeoftheuniversityinfluencesemployers’recruitmentdecisions.第II卷（非选择题共35分）第四部分任务型阅读（10分）阅读下列短文并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词，每空格1词（共10个小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Inabroadsense,migrationisusuallydefinedas“permanentorsemi-permanentchangeofresidence”.Althoughmovementswithinnations(internalmigration)oftenexceedmovementsbetweennations(internationalmigration)involume,themotivesofpeoplewhomoveshortdistancesareverysimilartothoseofinternationalmigrants.Studentsofhumanmigrationspeakof“push”and“pull”factors,whichinfluenceanindividual’sdecisiontomovefromoneplacetoanother.Pushfactorsareassociatedwiththeplaceoforigin.Apushfactorcanbeassimpleandmildamatterasdifficultyinfindingasuitablejob,orastraumaticaswar,orseverefamine.Obviously,refugeeswholeavetheirhomeswithgunspointedattheirheadsaremotivatedalmostentirelybypushfactors.Associatedwiththeplaceofdestination,pullfactorsaremostlyeconomic,suchasbetterjobopportunitiesortheavailabilityofgoodlandtofarm.Ingeneral,pullfactorsadduptoanapparentlybetterchanceforagoodlifeandmaterialwell-beingthanisofferedbytheplaceoforigin.Whenthereisachoicebetweenseveralattractivepotentialdestinations,thedecidingfactormightbeanon-economicconsiderationsuchasthepresenceofrelatives,friends,oratleastfellowcountrymenalreadyestablishedinthenewplacewhoarewillingtohelpthenewcomerssettlein.Considerationsofthissortleadtothedevelopmentofmigrationflow.Besidespushandpullfactors,therearewhatthesociologistscall“interveningobstacles”.Evenifpushand/orpullfactorsareverystrongtheystillmaybeoutweighedbyinterveningobstacles,suchasthedistanceofthemove,thetroubleandcostofmoving,thedifficultyofenteringthenewcountry,andtheproblemslikelytobeencounteredonarrival.Thedecisiontomoveisalsoinfluencedby“personalfactors”ofthepotentialmigrant.Thesamepush-pullfactorsandobstaclesoperatedifferentlyondifferentpeople,sometimesbecausetheyareatdifferentstagesoftheirlives,orjustbecauseoftheirvaryingabilitiesandpersonalities.Theprospectofpackingupeverythingandmovingtoanewandperhapsverystrangeenvironmentmayappearinterestingandchallengingtoanunmarriedyoungmanandterriblydifficulttoaslightlyoldermanwithawifeandsmallkids.Similarly,theneedtolearnanewlanguageandcustomsmayexciteonepersonandfrightenanother.Regardlessofwhypeoplemove,migrationoflargenumbersofpeoplecausesconflict.Thenewestarrivalsareusuallygiventhelowest-paidjobsandareresentedbynativepeoplewhomayhavetocompetewiththemforthosejobs.Ithasusuallytakenseveraldecadesforeachgrouptobeacceptedintothemainstreamofsocietyinthehostcountry.MigrationPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsBroad(71)____ofmigrationMigrationispermanentorsemi-permanentchangeofresidence.72)________peoplemovewithinnationsthanbetweennations,yettheirmotivesarealike.FactorsinmigrationPushfactors(73)________tofindasuitablejoborsufferingfromwarornaturaldisaster,peoplearelikelytoleavetheirhomeland.Pullfactors74)______bypullfactors,peoplearedesperateformorechancestoliveabetterlifeintheplaceofdestination.Earliersettlerstendtoofferhelptonewmigrants,greatly(75)_____migrationflow.Interveningobstacles(76)________aspushandpullfactorsmightbe,interveningobstaclesseemsmoredifficultforsometo(77)________.PersonalfactorsInternationalmigrationmaybeinterestingtothoseunmarriedbutnottothosewithafamily;thesame(78)________ofpickingupaforeignlanguagemaymakeoneexcitedbutanotherfrightened.ImpactsofmigrationAsaresultoflargenumbersofthenewestarrivals,conflictsbetweenthemandthenativeswill(79)________.Itusuallytakeslongforthenewcomersto(80)________inwiththemainstreamofthehostcountry.第五部分书面表达（25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Yesterday,thePeoplesCourtofQiCountyinHenanProvincehadaspecialplaintiff,aneleven-year-oldboyinthefifthgrade.Heaccusedhisparentsofpeepingathisdiary,whichviolatedhisprivacy.Afterlooki