2023年英语专四真题及答案完整版

TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2023)

-GRADEFOUR-

TIMELIMIT:135MIN

PARTIDICTATION[15MIN]

Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwill

bedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven2minutestocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.

PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.

PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[20MIN]

InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononAnswerSheetTwo.

SECTIONACONVERSATIONS

Inthissectionyouwillhearseveralconversations.Listentotheconversationscarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthat

follow.

Questions1to3arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.

1.Whataretheymainlytalkingaboutintheconversation?

A.Transport. B.Customers. C.Relocation. D.Restaurants.

2.WhichofthefollowingismentionedbyTimasagoodreasonformoving?

A.Moreofficespace. B.Convenientparking. C.Fewerofficeworkers. D.Anear-bytrainstation.

3.

WhyisJaneworriedaboutwinterinthenewlocation?

A.Itismuchcolderthere.

B.Therearefewactivities.

C.Therearenogoodrestaurants.

D.Thereisnocinemaortheatre.

Questions4to7arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven20secondsto

answerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.

4. MissParkinsonbecameinterestedinherownbusiness .

A.beforesheworkedforthemediacompany B.whenshewasonholidayfiveyearsago

C.aftershewenttotherapistsandclasses D.afterherfriendrecommendedittoher

5. Whydidsheaskherteacherstoteachherathome?

A.Shewasbusierthanbefore. B.Itwasmoreconvenient.

C.Shelikedtoexerciseathome. D.Shewasgivenapromotion.

6. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheconversation?

A.Sherecommendedpeopletotakeclasses. B.Shewaswillingtopaymoreforclassesathome.C.Sheleftherjobimmediatelyafterherpromotion. D.Sheregardedthebusinessasapastimeatfirst.

7. Whydidshefinallyleaveherjob?

A.Shegotboredwithherjob.B.Shesawanopportunity. C.Sheneededthemoney. D.Shewasforcedtoleave.

Questions8to10arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentotheconversation.

8. WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutthesingle-lensreflex?

A.Differentlensescanbeused. B.Focusingiseasier.

C.Youcanseewhatyouaretaking. D.Itischeaperandlighter.

9. Accordingtotheshopassistant,themaindifferencebetweenthetwotypesofcamerasliesin.

A.lens B.price C.weight D.size

10.Itcanbeinferredfromtheconversationthatthecustomerismorelikelytobuyintheend.

A.asingle-lenscamera B.nothing C.arangefindercamera D.severallensesinstead

SECTIONB PASSAGES

Inthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.Listentothepassagescarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.

11.WhichofthefollowingdetailsaboutthefrontofthehouseisCORRECT?

A.Thefrontispink. B.Thecurtainisdrawn. C.Nowindowcanbeseen. D.Therearetwodoors.

12.Whatistotheimmediateleftsideofthehouse?

A.Awashingline. B.Anotherhouse. C.Aflatarea. D.Achimney.

13.Whereisthesmalltowninthepicture?

A.Betweentwohills. B.Furthertotheleftofthehouse.C.Atthebackofthehouse. D.Atthesideofahill.

Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.

14.WhendidBenfirstbecomeinterestedinMongolia?

A.Whenhegrewup. B.WhenhelearnedMongolian.

C.Whenhereturnedhome. D.Whenhewasnineyearsold.

15.Wheredidhespendmostofhisteenageyears?

A.InMongolia. B.IntheArabworld. C.Inhishometown. D.Insomeotherregions.

16.WelearnfromthepassagethatBenwhiledoinghismaster’sdegree.

A.becameinterestedinclassicalMongolian B.learnedclassicalandmodernMongolian

C.gaveupmodernMongolian D.masteredmodernMongolian

17.WhichofthefollowingdetailsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.BenwantstovisitMongoliawhentheweatheriswarm. B.Benconsidersthetravelexpensereasonable.C.Thetriptodayisexpensiveconsideringinflation. D.BenwasunabletotraveltoMongoliain1971.

Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.

18.WhichistheheightoftowersatSkyGreensverticalfarm?

A.9meters. B.20meters. C.100meters. D.40meters.

19.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thefarmsellsitsvegetablestoalocalsupermarket. B.Thefarmuseslesswaterandenergytogrowvegetables.C.Thefarmcauseslesspollutioninitsproduction. D.Thefarmsellsatthesamepriceasimportedproduce

20.Accordingtothepassage,oneparticularadvantageoftheSkyGreenis.

A.localclimate B.localsupport C.planforexpansion D.closenesstothecity

SECTIONC NEWSBROADCAST

Inthissection,youwillhearseveralnewsitems.Listentothemcarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

Questions21and22arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now.listentothenews.

21.Accordingtothepassage,Turkishpolicewereunsureabout .

A.whenthewomanwaskilled B.themaincauseofthedeath

C.thewoman’sidentity D.whyshefailedtoreturnhome

22.HowmanypeoplehadbeendetainedbyTurkishpolice?

A.9. B.19. C.22. D.33.

Questions23and24arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.

23.WhatisthesituationnowinKidalaccordingtothenews?

A.Islamistmilitantsarestillincontrolofthetown. B.Frenchforceshaveenteredthetown.

C.Frencharegoingtolandattheairport. D.Islamistmilitantsareattackingtheairport.

24.WhydidtheFrenchlaunchthemilitaryoperation?

A.TocontrolKidalairport. B.Toprotectthetown.

C.ToprotectthecapitalBamako. D.TofightagainstIslamistmilitants.

Questions25and26arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.

25.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheimmigrationreform?

A.Itwasproposedbyagroupofsenators. B.MrObamahadcarriedoutthereform.

C.Illegalimmigrantswouldsoonbegivencitizenship. D.Thereformfailedtoimprovethecurrentsystem.

26.AccordingtoObama’s2023blueprint,howlongwouldittakeforillegalimmigrantstogaincitizenship?

A.Eightyears. B.Fiveyears. C.Thirteenyears. D.Elevenyears.

Questions27and28arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.

27.WhatisLorraineMelvill’sbusiness?

A.Runningaplasticsurgeryclinic. B.Arrangingforsurgeryandsafaris.

C.Providingconsultancytolocalpeople. D.OrganizingtripstoUKandAmerican.

28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothenewsitem?

A.LocalAfricanclientshelpedkeepherbusinessgoing. B.Herclientswereunabletopayherthemoney.

C.Herbusinesswasaffectedbytheglobalfinancialcrisis. D.ShestillhadasmanyEuropeanclientsasbefore.

Questions29isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5secondstoanswerthequestion.Now,listentothenews.

29.Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?

A.Foreigninvestmentinunstableregions. B.BP’spresenceinNorthAfrica.

C.Securityconcernsinriskycountries. D.Protectionforforeignoilworkers.

Questions30isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5secondstoanswerthequestion.Now,listentothenews.

30.Whatisthemainmessageofthenewsitem?

A.Londonattractsshoppersfromallovertheworld. B.MostpeopleinNigerialiveinpoverty.

C.WealthierNigeriansbecomeabigspender. D.PeoplefromtheMiddleEastarethemostwealthy.

PARTIII CLOZE [15MIN]

Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.MarkthebestchoiceforeachblankonANSWERSHEETTWO.

TheVictorianshadbecomeaddictedtospeedandtheywantedtogoeverfaster.Timewasmoneyandefficiencybecame

(31)important.Althoughdivisionsoflabourhadbeen(32)byAdamSmithandillustratedbyapinfactoryinTheWealthofNationsin1776,(33)couldnowbecomefullyrealised.Thisspecializationoflabourwasin(34)contrasttotheruralmeansofproduction,in(35)thefamilywasthemeansofproduction,consumptionandsocialization.(36)greaterspeedcameagreaterneedforindustriesandbusinessestomakemoreandmakeitquicker.Steammadethis(37)andchangedworkinglifeforever(38)werethedayswhenworkwas(39)bynaturalforces:steamengineswereservant(40)neitherseasonnorsunshine.Factorieshadforemenandlifebecamecorrespondinglymore(41).Theclocking-onmachinewas(42)in1885andtimeandmotionstudiestoincreaseefficiencywouldbeintroducedonly(43)twentyyearslater.(44)itwasnotallbadnews.Agriculturalincomesdependedonvariableharvestsandweather.Factoriesprovided(45)andpredictableincome,butlonghours.

Workinglifewasbecomingincreasinglyregulated,andtheworking(46)wasreorganisedtopromoteever-greaterefficiency.Theold(47)St.Monday-whennoworkwasdone-was(48),workstoppedaroundmiddayonSaturday

anddidnotresume(49)Mondaymorning.Anewdivisionbetween“work”and“leisure”emerged,andthisnewblockof

weekendleisuretimecoincidedwiththedevelopmentofspectatorsportslikecricketandfootball,andthe(50)_ofmusichallentertainmentforthenewworkingclasses.

31.A.increasingly

B.surprisingly

C.slowly

D.obviously

32.A.contributed

B.informed

C.spread

D.conceived

33.A.he

B.it

C.these

D.those

34.A.clear

B.marked

C.apparent

D.firm

35.A.that

B.what

C.where

D.which

36.A.Upon

B.Over

C.With

D.For

37.A.possible

B.practical

C.worthwhile

D.useful

38.A.Passed

B.Lost

C.Gone

D.Missed

39.A.defined

B.controlled

C.limited

D.dictated

40.A.over

B.on

C.by

D.to

41.A.standard

B.controlled

C.difficult

D.dreadful

42.A.designed

B.created

C.invented

D.bought

43.A.some

B.certain

C.these

D.those

44.A.For

B.But

C.Consequently

D.Accordingly

45.A.safe

B.good

C.continuous

D.secure

46.A.week

B.period

C.pattern

D.practice

47.A.culture

B.behaviour

C.custom

D.habit

48.A.repair

B.compensate

C.mend

D.moderate

49.A.before

B.until

C.on

D.after

50.A.raise

B.increase

C.trend

D.present

PARTIV GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY [15MIN]

Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefourwords,phrasesorstatementsmarkedA,B,C

andD.Chooseoneword,phraseorstatementthatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

51.Itisessentialthathe

_allthefactsfirst.

A.isexamining B.willexamine C.examines D.examine

52.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesafutureaction?

A.Lucyiscontinuallyfindingfaultwithhersister. B.Wearemeetingthevisitorsaftertheperformance.C.ThecoachisnowcrossingtheGardenBridge. D.I’mhopingthatyou’llgiveussomeadvice.

53.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisusedasanobjectcomplement?

A.Thefrontdoorremainedlocked. B.Theboylookeddisappointed.

C.Nancyappearedworried. D.Heseemedtohavenomoneyleft.

54.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?

A.Physicsisanimportantschoolsubject. B.TheNiagaraFallsisinNorthAmerica.C.TheUnitedStatesbordersCanada. D.Mumpsisakindofinfectiousdisease.

55.WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPOSSIBILITY?

A.Themooncannotalwaysbeatthefull. B.Youcannotsmokeinsidethebuilding.C.Hecannotcometoday. D.Shecannotplaythepiano.

56.Theboysinthefamilyareoldenoughfor.

A.schools B.school C.theschool D.theschools

57.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsindicatesapredicate-objectrelationship?

A.HewasreadingMary’sletterintheroom.

B.Youcanbuymen’sshoesinthisshop.

C.Mrs.Black’spassportwaslost.

D.Theenemy’sdefeatbroughtthewartoanend.

58.

Pleasepardon you.

A.mydisturbing B.disturbingme

C.todisturb D.thatIdisturb

59.

WhichofthefollowingtagquestionsisINCORRECT?

A.Carrythisparcelforme,willyou?

B.Nobodywantstogothere,doeshe?

C.Fewpeopleknowhim,don’tthey?

D.Everythingisready,isn’tit?

60.Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns（反身代词）isusedasanobject?

A.Ispoketothepresidenthimself. B.Frankisnotquitehimselftoday.C.Lindaherselfwillplaytheviolin. D.Youmustpullyourselftogether.

61.Theresearchteamcanhandleneedstobehandled.

A.whenever B.whichever C.wherever D.whatever

62.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsmodifiesanadverb?

A.Iratherlikemyteacher. B.Thatwasaveryfunnyfilm.C.Doitrightnow. D.Wewalkedabout6miles.

63.Whenthesentence“Theyhadmadeamessofthehouse”isturnedintopassivevoice,whichofthefollowingis

CORRECT?

A.Amesshadbeenmadeinthehouse. B.Amesshadbeenmadebythem.C.Thehousehadbeenmadeamessof. D.Thehousehadbeenmadeamess.

64.FoolMichaelis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.

A.as B.who C.that D.like

65.Whenthesentence“ShallIdriveyoutotheairportfirst?”isturnedintoindirectspeech,whichofthefollowingismostappropriate?

A.Heagreedtodrivemetotheairportfirst. B.Heofferedtodrivemetotheairportfirst.

C.Headvisedmetogototheairportfirst. D.HesuggestedthatIdrivetotheairportfirst.

66.Theinterviewerswereimpressedbythehighcalibreoftheapplicantsforthejob.Theunderlinedpartmeans_.

A.criterion B.quality C.qualification D.level

67.Hercareerhasanumberofactivities—composing,playingandacting.

A.held B.produced C.embraced Dbined

68.Theoperationcouldherlifebytwoorthreeyears.

A.prolong B.increase C.expand D.continue

69.Allhercousinsandtheirchildrenhavefairhair.Theunderlinedpartmeans .

A.fine B.dark C.thick D.light

70.Johnalwaysfeelssluggishfirstthinginthemorning.Theunderlinedpartmeans.

A.sick B.inactive C.dizzy D.drowsy

71.Thefamilyofthevictimhadtoendurealongwaitbeforethecasecanetotrial.Theunderlinedpartmeans.

A.tolerate B.keep C.face D.hold

72.Thechiefofsurgerybecamecommitteechairmanbyvirtueof.

A.seniority B.service C.age D.rank

73.Heturnedhisbackonthemwhentheymostneededhim.Theunderlinedpartmeans.

A.criticized B.ignored C.betrayed D.deceived

74.OurschooldidnotforChristmasuntilmid-December.

A.breakout B.breakdown C.breakup D.breakin

75.Theflagsinthestadium

inthewind.

A.flapped B.moved C.shook D.stirred

76.Hismotherretiredearlyonaccountofpoorhealth.Theunderlinedpartmeans.

A.despite B.with C.accordingto D.becauseof

77.Thewholecountrywasin

overtheresultoftheelections.

A.suspension B.suspense C.suspending D.suspender

78.Thereisnoconceivablereasonwhythereshouldbeanydifficultyduringtheproject.TheunderlinedpartcanbereplacedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT.

A.thinkable B.imaginable C.possible D.observable

79.Theemployersprepared,withalldueforaconferencewiththeTradeUnions.

A.caution B.concern C.certainty D.consideration

80.Ourexperimentwasconductedunderoptimalconditions.Theunderlinedpartmeans.

A.perfect B.proper C.possible D.proposed

PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]

Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswers

markedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

TEXTA

Afterbreakfasttheboyswanderedoutintotheplay-ground.Heretheday-boysweregraduallyassembling.Theyweresons

ofthelocalclergy,oftheofficersattheDepot,andofsuchmanufacturersormenofbusinessastheoldtownpossessed.Presentlyabellrang,andtheyalltroopedintoschool.Thisconsistedofalarge,longroomatoppositeendsofwhichtwoundermastersconductedthesecondandthirdforms,andofasmallerone,leadingoutofit,usedbyMr.Watson,whotaughtthefirstform.Toattachthepreparatorytotheseniorschoolthesethreeclasseswereknownofficially,onspeechdaysandinreports,asupper,middle,andlowersecond.Philipwasputinthelast.Themaster,ared-facedmanwithapleasantvoice,wascalledRice;

hehadajollymannerwithboys,andthetimepassedquickly.Philipwassurprisedwhenitwasquartertoelevenandtheywereletoutfortenminutes'rest.

Thewholeschoolrushednoisilyintotheplay-ground.Thenewboysweretoldtogointothemiddle,whiletheothersstationedthemselvesalongoppositewalls.TheybegantoplayPigintheMiddle.Theoldboysranfromwalltowallwhilethe

newboystriedtocatchthem:whenonewasseizedandthemysticwordssaid-one,two,three,andapigforme-hebecamea

81.

Fromthebeginningofthepassagewelearnthat .

A.somepupilscamefromthelocalarea

B.theschoolonlyacceptedday-boys

C.theschoolhadonlythreeclasses

D.Philip’sclasswaspartoftheseniorschool

82.

WhatwasPhilip’sreactiontohisclass?

A.Hethoughtclasswastooshort.

B.Hefoundhisclasssurprising.

C.Heseemedtohaveenjoyedit.

D.Hewantedtochangeclass.

83.

InthegamePhiliplosthisgroundbecause .

A.thegamewasn’tfitfornewboyslikehim

B.theplaygroundwasn’tbigenoughforthegame

C.hedidnotknowtherulesofthegame

D.hecouldnotrunasquicklyasotherboys

84.

WhatdidtheboysdoafterPhiliplosthisground?

A.Theycontinuedwiththegame.

B.Theystoppedtomakefunofhim.

C.Theychangedtoanothergame.

D.Theystoppedandwentinside.

85.

HowdidPhilipfeelintheend?

prisonerand,turningsides,helpedtocatchthosewhowerestillfree.Philipsawaboyrunningpastandtriedtocatchhim,buthislimpgavehimnochance;andtherunners,takingtheiropportunity,madestraightforthegroundhecovered.ThenoneofthemhadthebrilliantideaofimitatingPhilip’sclumsyrun.Otherboyssawitandbegantolaugh;thentheyallcopiedthefirst;andtheyranroundPhilip,limpinggrotesquely,screamingwithshrilllaughter.Theylosttheirheadswiththedelightoftheirnewamusement,andchokedwithhelplessmerriment.OneofthemtrippedPhilipupandhefell,heavilyashealwaysfell,andcuthisknee.Theylaughedallthelouderwhenhegotup.Aboypushedhimfrombehind,andhewouldhavefallenagainifanotherhadnotcaughthim.ThegamewasforgottenintheentertainmentofPhilip’sdeformity.Philipwascompletelyscared.Hecouldnotmakeoutwhytheywerelaughingathim.Hisheartbeatsothathecouldhardlybreathe,andhewasmorefrightenedthanhehadeverbeeninhislife.Hestoodstillstupidlywhiletheboysranroundhim,mimickingandlaughing;theyshoutedtohimtotryandcatchthem;buthedidnotmove.Hedidnotwantthemtoseehimrunanymore.Hewasusingallhisstrengthtopreventhimselffromcrying.

A.Hewasashamedofhimself. B.Hewasverynervous.C.Hewasreallyhorrified. D.Hefelthimselfstupid.

TEXTB

Forparentswhosendtheirkidsofftocollegesaying,“Thesewillbethebestyearsofyourlife,”itwouldbevery

appropriatetoadd,“Ifyoucanhandlethestressofcollegelife.”

Freshmenareshowingupalreadystressedout,accordingtothelatestresearchstudythatreportedstudents’emotionalhealthlevelsattheirlowestsincethesurveystartedin1985.Whileinschool,morestudentsareworkingpart-timeand

near-full-timejobs.Atgraduation,only29percentofseniorshavejobslinedup.

Pressuretoexceloftencreatesstress,andmanystudentsarenotlearninghowtoeffectivelyhandlethisstress.LetmeshowfivefactsthatIbelieveeverycollegestudentshouldknowaboutstress.

First,stresscanmakesmartpeopledostupidthings.Stresscauseswhatbrainresearcherscall“corticalinhibition.”In

simpleterms,stressinhibitsapartofthebrainresponsiblefordecision-makingandreactiontimeandcanadverselyaffectothermentalabilitiesaswell.

Second,thehumanbodydoesn’tdiscriminatebetweenabigstressfuleventandalittleone.Anystressfulexperiencewill

createabout1,400biochemicaleventsinyourbody.Ifanyamountofstressisleftunchecked,manythingscanoccurwithinthebody,includingprematureaging,impairedcognitivefunctionandenergydrain.

Third,stresscanbecomeyournewpattern.Whenyouregularlyexperiencenegativefeelingsandhighamountsofstress,yourbrainrecognizesthisasyournormalstate.Thisthenbecomesthenewnorm,orbaselineforyouremotionalstate.

Fourth,stresscanbecontrolled.Countlessstudiesdemonstratethatpeoplecanrestructuretheiremotionalstateusing

emotion-refocusingtechniques.Thesetechniqueshelpyourecognizehowyouarefeelingandshifttoamorepositiveemotional,mentalandphysicalstate.

Onetechniqueinvolvesslowingyourthoughtsandfocusingonyourheartbeat,breathingslowlyanddeeply,andfocusingonthepositivefeelingthatyoureceive.

Finally,stresscanbelessenedbylovingwhatyoustudy.BarbaraFrederickson,aleadinginternationalauthorityonthe

importanceofpositiveemotions,sayshumansaregeneticallyprogrammedtoseekpositiveemotionssuchasloveandjoy.It'ssuggestedtochooseamajororcareerpathyouloveandenjoy.Otherwise,youcouldendupfightingagainstyourownbiology.

86.Theauthorcitesthelatestresearchstudyinordertoshowthat.

A.studentsarestudyingharderincollege B.moststudentshavepart-timejobnow

C.stresscontinuestothetimeofgraduation D.studentsonlyfeelstressedwhileinschool

87.Accordingtothepassage,stressmightcauseallthefollowingnegativeeffectsEXCEPT.

A.social B.mental C.emotional D.physical

88.Intheauthor’sopinion,stresscanbecontrolledby.

A.doingwhatyouprefer B.identifyingyourpresentemotionalstatefirst

C.findingamorepositivefeelingfirst D.focusingonyouremotionalstate

89.Accordingtothecontext,whatdoes“yourownbiology”meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Yourcurrentmajor. B.Yourfuturejob. C.Yourfutureresearch. D.Yourpreference.

90.Whichofthefollowingisthebestasthetitleofthepassage?

A.CausesofStress. B.TypeofStress.College C.LifeandStress. D.StressandControlMethods.

TEXTC

Foranyonewhodoubtsthatthetextingrevolutionisuponus,considerthis:Theaverage13-to17-year-oldsendsand

receives3,339textsamonth—morethan100perday,accordingtotheNielsenCo.,themediaresearchfirm.Adultsarecatchingup.Peoplefromages45to54sentandreceived323textsamonthinthesecondquarterof2023,up75%fromayearago,Nielsensays.

Behindthetextingexplosionisafundamentalshiftinhowweviewourmobiledevices.Thattheyarephonesisincreasinglybesidethepoint.

Partofwhat'sdrivingthetextingsurgeamongadultsisthepopularityofsocialmedia.SiteslikeTwitter,withpostingsofnomorethan140characters,arecreatingandreinforcingthehabitofcommunicatinginmicro-bursts.

Economicshasmuchtodowithtexting’spopularity.Textmessagescostcarrierslessthantraditionalmobilevoicetransmissions,andsotheycostusersless.SprintNextelhasreconceiveditsVirginMobilebrandtocatertoheavytextersina

difficulteconomy.For$25permonth,usersgetunlimitedtexting,email,socialnetworkingand300talkminutes;foranother

$15,theygetanadditional900talkminutes.Thenameofthebrand'snewwirelessplan:“BeyondTalk.”

Texting’sriseoverconversationischangingthewayweinteract,socialscientistsandresearcherssay.Wearenowinclinedtotexttorelaydifficultinformation.Westareatourphonewhenwewanttoavoideyecontact.Ratherthanmakeplansinadvance,weengageinwhatresearchhavenamed“micro-coordination”—”I’lltxtuin10minswhenIknowwh/restrnt.”

Textingsavesustime,butitstealsfromquietreflection.“Whenpeoplehaveamobiledeviceandhaveevenalittleextra

time,theywillcommunicatewithsomeoneintheirlife,”saysLeeRainie,directorofthePewInternetandAmericanLife

Project.

Andthephoneconversationwillneverbecompletelyobsolete.Dealmakersandotherprofessionalsstillspendmuchofthedayonthephone.Researcherssaypeoplearemorelikelytousetext-basedcommunicationsatthepreliminarystagesofprojects.Thephonecomesintoplaywhentherearemultipleoptionstoconsiderorimportantdecisionstobemade.

91.Atthebeginningofthepassage,theauthorusesfiguresforthepurposeof .

A.introduction Bparison C.explanation D.transition

92.Accordingtothecontext,whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“besidethepoint”?

A.Unimportant. B.Unacknowledged. C.Underestimated. D.Undeniable.

93.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacausefortexting’spopularity?

A.Promotionofcheaperwirelesspackages. B.Increaseinthenumberofadulttexters.C.Redesignofmobiledevices. D.Riseofsocialmedia.

94.Accordingtothepassage,textingcanhelppeopleto.

A.facedifficultsituations B.makeappointmentsinadvance

Cmunicatewishstrangers D.avoidawkwardsituations

95.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Texting’spopularityandeffect. B.Roleoftextinginbusiness.

C.Preferencetotextingoverthinking. D.Innovationofmobiledevices.

TEXTD

Thehealthyadolescentboyorgirllikestodotherealthingsinlife,todothethingsthatmatter.Hewouldratherbeaplumber’smateanddoarealjobthatrequiresdoingthanlearnabouthydrostaticssittingatadesk,withoutunderstandingwhat

practicalusetheyaregoingtobe.Agirlwouldratherlookafterthebabythanlearnaboutchildcare.Logicallyweshouldlearnaboutthingsbeforedoingthemandthatispresumablywhythepunditsenforcethisinoureducationalsystem.Butitisnotthe

naturalway-nor,Iventuretothink,thebestway.Theadolescentwantstodothingsfirstforonlythendoesheappreciatetheproblemsinvolvedandwanttolearnmoreaboutthem.

Theydothesethingsbetterinprimitivelife,forthereatpubertytheboyjoinshisfatherinmakingcanoes,patchinghuts,

goingoutfishingorhunting.Heisservinghisapprenticeshipintheactualaccomplishmentsoflife.Itisnotsurprisingthatanthropologists(人类学家)findthattheadolescentsofprimitivecommunitiesdonotsufferfromthesameneurotic(神经质的)

“difficulties”asthoseofcivilizedlife.Thisisnot,assomeassume,becausetheyarepermittedmoresexualfreedom,butbecausetheyaregivenmorenaturaloutletsfortheirnativeinterestsandpowersandareallowedtogrowupfreelyintoafulllifeofresponsibilityinthecommunity.

Inthe19thcenturythiswasrecognizedintheapprenticeshipsystem,whichallowedtheboytogooutwiththemastercarpenter,orploughman,toengageintheactualworkofcarpentryorroof-mending,andsotolearnhistrade.Insome

agriculturalcollegesatthepresenttimeyoungmenhavetodoayear’sworkonafarmbeforetheirtheoreticaltrainingatcollege.Thegreatadvantageofthissystemisthatitletstheapprenticeseethepracticalproblemsbeforehesetstoworklearninghowto

solvethem,andhecanthereforetakeamoreintelligentinterestinhistheoreticalwork.

Sincemoreknowledgeofmorethingsisnowrequiredinordertocopewiththeadultworld,theperiodofgrowing-uptoindependencetakesmuchlongerthanitdidinamoreprimitivecommunity,andtheresponsibilityforsucheducation,whichformerlywasinthehandsoftheparents,isnownecessarilyundertakenbyexpertsatschool.Butthatshouldnotmakeuslosesightofthebasicprinciple,namelytheneedandthedesireoftheadolescenttoengageresponsiblyintherealpursuitsoflifeandthentolearnhow—tolearnthroughresponsibility,nottolearnbeforeresponsibility.

96.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthenaturalwayofeducation?

A.Doingthingswhilelearning. B.Doingthingsasanapprentice.

C.Doingthingsbeforelearning. D.Learningpracticalknowledgefirst.

97.Themainadvantageofthenaturalwayofeducation,whetherinprimitiveormoderntimes,isthatlearners.

A.canlearnthetradethroughsolvingproblemsatwork B.canworkwiththeirmastersthroughouttheirlearning

C.aregivenmorefreedomindoingthingsandlearning D.aregivenopportunitiestodeveloptheirinterestfirst

98.Accordingtothecontext,“this”inthethirdparagraphrefersto.

A.thewayoflearninginprimitivecommunities B.thedifficultiesmodernadolescentsexperience

C.theamountoffreedominlearninginprimitivelife D.thekindofskillsboyslearnedfromtheirfather

99.Accordingtotheauthor,learningshouldnowbedoneinschoolforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat.

A.moresubje