高考英语大一轮复习Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero课件新人教版必修1

基础知识自测重点词汇讲练写作句型仿写基础知识自测1.___________vt.

献身；专心于

___________n.

忠实；忠诚

___________adj.

忠实的；深爱的devoteddevotedevotion一、单词拓展(A)单词派生2.___________vt.

带领；引导n.

导游

___________n.

指导；领导，向导guideguidance3.____________adj.平等的

____________n.平等

____________adv.平等地equalequalityequally4._________adj.有活力的;积极的

_________n.行动

_________n.活动5._________adj.暴力的

_________n.暴力，暴行violenceactiveactionactivity

violent1.Monicaisa_______friend.His_______tousisquiteclear.(devote)(B)灵活运用devoteddevotion第一个是形容词修饰名词，表示“忠实的”；第二个是名词作主语，表示“忠实、忠心”。2.Weshouldtakeanactivepartinafter-class__________(active).3.Someofthefilmsarefullof______,whichisnotgoodforyoungkids.(violent)

violence

介词后接名词作宾语泛指各类课外活动。activities4.WelcometoBeijing.I’myour_______inthistrip.(guide)在形容词性物主代词后用名词,表示“导游”。5.Theybelievedthatallmenandwomenwereborn______.(equal)习语:bebornequal天生平等。

equal

guide二、短语翻译1.________________被判处…(徒刑)2.___________________事实上3._____________失业4._____________设立；建立setupbesentencedtoasamatteroffactoutofwork5.________________当权；上台6.____________丧失勇气或信心7.____________求助于；致力于8.____________在困境中introublecometopowerloseheartturnto9.________________同…斗争到底10.________________为…而死11.________________炸毁；给充气12.____________________________

把…关进监狱fightagainstdiefor…blowupput…in/intoprison三、语篇填空

MynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.ThetimewhenIfirst1_______(meet)NelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Iwastwelveyearsold.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblack2_______(law)towhomIwentforadvice.Heoffered3_________(guide)topoorblackpeopleon4_______(they)legalproblems.

their

guidance

lawyermetHewasgenerouswithhistime,5______whichIwasgrateful.IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.Ibeganschoolatsix.Theschool6________Istudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.Ihadtoleavebecausemyfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.whereforIcouldnotread7_____writewell.After8_________(try)hard,Igotajobinagoldmine.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbook9________(live)inJohannesburg.10______(sad),IdidnothaveitbecauseIwasnotbornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.Sadlytolivetryingor1.met

由后面的was可知用一般过去时。2.lawyer

在冠词加形容词后用名词，表示“律师”。3.guidance

作offered的宾语用名词，表示“指导”。4.their

在名词前作定语。5.for

引导定语从句的which，指前句内容“他十分慷慨地给予时间(就法律问题给予指导)”这回事；又由begratefultosb.forsth.(因某事感谢某人)可知，填介词for。6.where

引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。7.or

在否定句中表示并列，用or。8.trying

因after是介词，介词后要用动词的-ing形式作宾语。9.tolive

表示目的用不定式。10.Sadly

作状语，修饰全句，用副词。四、语段改错

WiththehelpofMandela,Ibecamemorehopeaboutmyfuture.IneverforgotwhatkindMandelawas.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouthLeague,IjoinedthemassoonasIcan.Hesaid:“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogresses,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewhichwehavealmostnorightsatall.”hopefulhowitcouldprogresswhere“…wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,norfightthegovernment…onlythenwedecidetoanswerforviolencewithviolence.”But…Iknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequally.didequalor1.hope→hopeful

在became后作表语，要用形容词。2.what→how

修饰作表语的形容词kind，用how，表示“多么”。3.them→it

指参加theANCYouthLeague这个组织，用代词it。4.can→could

由上文动词时态可知，用一般过去时。5.progresses→progress

因progress是不可数名词，没有复数形式。6.which→where

引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语，用where。7.nor→or

因either…or…是固定搭配。8.在we前加did

因onlythen位于句首，谓语要用部分倒装；由上文可知，decide应为一般过去时，故在主语前加did。9.去掉answer后的for

因answerviolencewithviolence意为“以暴制暴”；而answerfor意为“对……负责，因……而受罚”。10.equally→equal

作宾语要用形容词。重点词汇讲练例句

She

devotedherselfentirelyto

writing.她全心投入写作。

1.devote

vt.

献身于；致力于派生devotedadj.深爱的，忠实的

devotionn.奉献devote…to…把……用在／献给……devoteoneselfto…献身于／致力于……bedevotedto…专心于／深爱／忠诚……搭配注意

to是介词,后接名词、代词或者动名词。运用将下列句子译成汉语。⑴Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.⑵Pleasedevotemoretimetoyourwork.请把更多的时间用于工作。他把一生都致力于造福人类的事业。⑶Hedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoor.⑷Sheisdevotedtoherstudies.(5)Sheisdevotedtoherchildren.她深爱她的孩子。他致力于帮助穷人。她专心于她的学习。2.vote

v.

投票；选举

n.

投票；选票；表决例句

Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.这是真话。当时黑人没有选举权，无法选择他们的领导人。votefor…投票赞成/选(……)voteagainst…投票反对搭配运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。(1)下届选举我可能选她。Imay___________atthenextelection.voteforher(2)此事将通过投票的方式表决。Thematterwillbedecided______________.(3)十六票赞成我的建议，十五票反对。Therewere16__________infavorofmysuggestion,and15____________.againstbyvotevotes3.equaladj.

平等的；相等的例句

Iknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.我知道这有助于我们实现使黑人与白人平等的梦想。派生equalityn.平等(记:e+quality)equallyadv.与……相等地;同等地搭配beequalto与……平等,等于运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。(1)人人生而平等。Allmen_______________.(2)妇女要求同工同酬。Womendemand______________________.equalpayforequalworkarebornequal4.escape

v.

逃走;逃脱;避开;避免例句

Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.那是一座任何人也逃不出去的监狱。用法⑴不与away,off连用；⑵不可用被动语态。搭配escapefrom从……逃走；逃脱escapedoingsth.避免做某事

翻译⑴escapefromthejail_____________⑵escapesb.’sattention____________⑶escapebeingcaughtintherain___________避免淋雨从监狱里逃出来逃过某人的注意5.

educatevt.教育；训练例句

SinceIwasbettereducated,Igotajobworkinginanoffice.因为我受过较好的教育，我得到了一份坐办公室的工作。派生

educationn.教育

educatorn.教育工作者

educationaladj.

教育的运用根据提示完成英文句子。⑴二十世纪三十年代她在英国一所很好的学校里受过教育。

She________________averygoodschoolinEngland____________.(2)关于如何教育孩子们，我们的观点一致。Wehavethesameopinionon__________________________.waseducatedatinthe1930sourchildrenhowtoeducate(4)An________mustfirsteducatehimself.(5)Therearemany___________programsonTV.educationaleducator(3)Hehashadagood__________(educate).education6.begvi.&vt.

请求；乞求例句

Atthattimemywifeandchildrenhadtobegforfoodandhelpfromrelativesorfriends.那时，我的妻子和孩子们不得不向亲友们乞讨食物和帮助。搭配begsb.todosth.恳求某人做某事begtodosth.恳求做某事begforsth.(fromsb.)(向某人)乞求某物(钱、食物、衣、同情等)运用根据提示完成英文句子。⑴Shewrotealetterbegginghim_________(come)back.⑵Ibegged____________(allow)tojointhem.tobeallowedtocome(3)Wearenotgoingto_____________(乞求帮助)anymore.(4)Helives_______________(靠行乞)bybeggingbegforhelp7.reward

n.报酬；奖赏；回报

vt.报答；奖励原句

TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremy

rewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.他们说,从南非政府得到的这份工作和薪水,是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而斗争所得到的回报。(B1P38)例句

Arewardwasofferedforthereturnofthejewels.寻回珠宝有赏。

She

rewarded

himwithasmile.她向他报之以一笑。搭配rewardsb.withsth.奖给某人某物

rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因做某事奖赏某人inrewardfor作为……的报答运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴教师奖给优胜者一些糖果。Theteacher________________________somesweets.⑵她的工作得到了丰厚的报酬。She_____generously___________forherwork.

rewardedwinnerswithwasrewarded8.opinion

n.

意见；看法；主张例句

You’dbetteraskforyourparents’opinions.你最好还是去征求你父母的意见。搭配insb.’sopinion／intheopinionofsb.在某人看来haveagood，high／bad，low，pooropinionof…=thinkwell，highly，much／badly，lowly，littleof…对……评价高／低注意表示“根据某人的意见”是inone’sopinion而不是accordingtoone’sopinion，但可以说accordingtosb.。运用将下列中文句子翻译成英文。

⑴依我和大多数人的看法，学好英语非常重要。⑵老师对他评价很高。Theteacherhasahighopinionofhim./Theteacherthinkshighlyofhim.Inmyopinionandintheopinionofmostpeople,itisveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.

原句

EliaswenttoseeNelsonMandelawhenhewasintrouble.

在NelsonMandela有困难的时候,Elias去看过他。(B1P35)9.introuble在困境中例句

Weshouldhelpthosewhowereintrouble.我们应该帮助那些有困难的人。askfortrouble自寻烦恼maketrouble(forsb.)制造麻烦get(sb.)intotrouble(使某人)陷入困境Havetroubleindoingsth.做某事有困难联想运用

根据汉语意思完成英文句子。(1)Youarejust_________________(自找麻烦)ifyoudon’tgetthosebrakesfixed.(2)那个男孩总是捣乱,现在他真有麻烦了。Thenaughtyboyisalways_____________,butnowheisreally______________.makingintroubletroubleaskingfortrouble10.turntosb.(forhelp)

向某人求助原句

WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?为什么NelsonMandela借助暴力来使黑人与白人平等？(B1P35)例句

Youshould

turntoyourteacher

for

helpwhenyoumeetwithdifficultyatschool.当你在学校遇到困难时，你应该求助于你的老师。(2)Don’thesitateto_________(求助于我们)ifyouareintrouble.turntous运用(1)Nobodyseemstounderstand.Idon’tknow_____________________(该向谁求助).who/whomtoturnto用适当的介词或副词填空。⑴

turn____出现；(声音、光)等调大、变强⑵turn_______(音量)调低；拒绝⑶turn_______转过身来⑷turn____上缴⑸turn____结果是；证明是⑹turn_____翻车；翻阅；翻身联想

overupdownaroundinout11.loseheart(=bediscouraged)气馁；灰心；泄气

loseone’sheartto(=fallinlovewith)爱上例句

Youcanneverloseheartinfaceofdifficulty.面对困难你绝不能丧失信心。TomlosthishearttoChinesewhenhefirstattendedthelesson.汤姆第一次听课就喜欢上了中文。运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴Iusedtodigthegardeneveryweek,butI__________(失去信心了)whentherainwashedalltheplantsaway.⑵AtthefirstsightofMary，Tom______________________(喜欢她)her.

hishearttolostheart

lost11．loseheart(=bediscouraged)气馁;灰心;泄气

loseone’sheartto(=fallinlovewith)爱上；喜欢上例句Youcanneverloseheartinfaceofdifficulty.面对困难你绝不能丧失信心。TomlosthishearttoChinesewhenhefirstattendedthelesson．汤姆第一次听课就喜欢上了中文。运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴Iusedtodigthegardeneveryweek，butI__________(失去信心了)whentherainwashedalltheplantsaway.⑵AtthefirstsightofMary，Tom______________(喜欢)her．hearttolostheart

losthis12．stop…fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事例句⑴Hesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees．他说他们不应该被剥夺通过学习获得学位的权利。(from不能省略)⑵Thegovernmentsaysheisstoppingothercompaniesfromsellingtheirprograms．政府说他正阻止其他公司销售他们的程序。(from可省略)结构和意义相似的句式还有：prevent…fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事keep…fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事比较protect…from保护……免受……联想运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴他们试图阻止我离开。Theytried______________________.⑵什么也阻止不了我实现我的梦想。Nothingcanstopmefromrealizingmydream/makingmydreamcometrue.tostopmefromleaving

13．dowhatonecantodosth.竭尽全力做某事例句Everyoneshouldbeabletodowhattheycantomaketheircompanybigger．BillGateshasonlydonewhathecantostopothercompetitors．每个人都会竭尽全力使他们的公司变得更大。比尔·盖茨只是竭尽全力阻止了别的竞争者(变得更大)。doallthatonecantodosth.do／tryone’sbesttodosth.doone’sutmosttodosth.sparenoefforttodosth.同义仿写根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴我已下定决心竭尽全力帮助他们摆脱困境。⑵我们必须竭尽全力渡过难关。Wemustdow