2022-2023学年河南省焦作市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年河南省焦作市高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ABelowareafewexamplesofverydifferentmothersfromdifferentauthors，fromtheclassicstomoderndayexamples.

TheRailwayChildrenbyEdithNesbit

Whentheirfatheristakenawaybytwostrangersoneevening，thelivesofRoberta，PeterandPhylissarebrokenup.TheyandtheirmotherareforcedtomovefromtheircomfortableLondonhometoasimplecottageinthecountrywheretheirmotherwritesbookstomakeendsmeet.Thisissuchalovelystoryofhowthechildrenadapttotheirnewwayoflifebytherailwaysandofhowtheirmothercontinuestocareforthemandbringthemup，sometimestothepointwecouldalmostbelievesheistoogoodtobetrue!

TheDwellingPlacebyCatherineCookson

SetinCountyDurhaminthe1830s，CissyBrodyandheryoungsiblingsaredrivenoutfromtheirfarmcottagewhenbothoftheirparentsdieofcholera.Determinedthatsheandthechildrenwillnotenterthefrighteningworkhouse，youngCissytakesontheparentalresponsibilityforthemandmovesthemalltoliveinasmallcaveonthemoorswheretheywillfacemanyhardshipsbeforefindingahappyending.

LittleWomenbyLouisaMayAlcott

Inthisbook，themother，MrsMarch，isthegluethatholdsthefamilytogetherthroughtheCivilWaraswefollowthelivesofherdaughters，Jo，Meg，AmyandBeth.TheirfatherisawayservingasaChaplaininthewarandhavinglosttheirfortune，theirmothermustuseallherresourcestokeepthefamilytogether，whichshedoesremarkablywell.

PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAusten

Sometimesgarrulous，rudeandmaterialistic，yetstrangelylikeable，MrsBennetleadsherfivedaughters，Jane，Elizabeth，Mary，KittyandLydia，tosuitablemarriages.Nothingwillstandinherwayalthoughsometimesherratherfull-onapproachdoesscareawaysuitablesuitors.Sometimestouchingandatothertimesfunny，itneverfailstomakemesmile.1.HowdoesthemotherinTheRailwayChildrensupportherfamily？______A.Bystartingherwritingcareer.

B.Bysellingthecomfortablehouse.

C.Byworkingattherailway.

D.Bywashingclothesfortherich.2.WhatisLittleWomensetin？______A.Arichfamily. B.Thewarperiod.

C.Theimaginaryfuture. D.Thecountryside.3.Whichbookcoversthesubjectofmarriage？______A.TheRailwayChildren. B.TheDwellingPlace.

C.LittleWomen. D.PrideandPrejudice.BAt70yearsoldandnearly200poundsheavy，JoanMacDonald'shealthwasdeteriorating（恶化）rapidly.Heramazingbodytransformationinspiredthousands!

Shewastakingacocktailofmedications（药物）toaddresshermanyillnesses：highbloodpressure，highcholesterol，andacidreflux.Whilemanywouldsaythatit'snormalforpeopleatherage，Joanknewtherehadtobeabetterway.Doctorssaidshehadtomakeadjustmentstoherlifestyle，orelse，shewouldhavetotakeincreaseddosagesofthesemedications.

AlthoughJoancouldn'trememberthelasttimeshereallythoughtaboutherhealth，sheknewitwastimeforthatbodytransformation.Joanwatchedhermomtakemedicationaftermedication，andshedidn'twanttoendupthatway.

Joanbeganwithsmallchanges，includingwalking，practicingyoga，andliftingweights.Aftersixmonthsofhardwork，Joanwasabletoshed45pounds.Eversinceshestartedworkingoutandeatingmorehealthilyin2017，thistoughwomanhasmanagedtoloseatotalof50pounds!Herroutineinvolveshittingthegymfivedaysaweek，doingweightlifting，anddoing15to30minutesofsports.

WhileJoanadmittedtostrugglingwiththetechnologyatfirst，sherefusedtothrowinthetowel.Sinceshecarriedoutthesechangesinherlife，Joanhasfeltsomuchbetter.She'sgottenoffhermedicationsandherarthritisisnotasbothersomeasbefore.

Now，Joanisinspiringwomenofallagesworldwidebyprovingtothemthatit'snevertoolatetochange.Heradvicetootherwomenwhowanttomakeachangebutdon'tknowhowtois"tobelievethatitispossible!Eventhoughyoucan'tturnbacktheclock，youcanwinditupagain."4.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofJoan'sillnesses？______A.Theyshouldbecuredimmediately.

B.Theyarecompletelyavoidable.

C.Theyarenearlyharmlesstohealth.

D.Theyarecommonforpeopleintheir70s.5.WhyisJoan'smothermentionedinthetext？______A.ToshareJoan'smother'slatelife.

B.ToshowtheoriginofJoan'sillnesses.

C.ToexplainJoan'smotivationtochange.

D.Tostresstheimportanceofhealth.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？______A.TheeffortsJoanhasmade. B.Joan'sgiftforsports.

C.ThechallengesJoanhasmet. D.Joan'sfavoriteactivities.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJoan'sstory？______A.Wherethereislife，thereishope.

B.Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.

C.Thegoodseamanisknowninbadweather.

D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.CAfteradolphinwasfoundswimmingaloneinacreek（浅湾）inFlorida，marinebiologistsformedahumanchaintorescueit.

Dolphinstypicallytravelingroupscalleda"school"ora"pod"，althoughsolitary（独自的）dolphinsarebecomingmorecommon.Thiscanbeacauseforconcernbecausedolphinsarenaturallysociablecreatures，soiftheyareisolated（孤立）fromotherdolphins，theymayturntheirattentiontohumaninteraction.Thisinturncanbedangerous，bothfordolphinsandhumans.

Dolphinscanbecomedependentonhumansforfood，andbecomelessinclinedtofeedontheirown.Additionally，dolphinsthatareusedtohumancontactspendmoretimeinshallowwaters，whichcanleadtostandingsorboatcrashes.Meanwhile，humanswhogettooclosetodolphinscanfindthemselveswithinjuriessuchasbrokenbones.

Therefore，afterseeingthatthedolphinhadbeenaloneinforafewdays，andwasneararesidentialareawithpotentialforhumandisturbance，NOAAFisheriesServicedecidedtotakeaction.Twenty-eightbiologistsfromtheClearwaterMarineAquarium，NOAAandFWCcametogethertoformahumanchain，creatingabarrierthatwouldguidethedolphinoutofthecreek.

RescuebiologistBrittanyBaldricasaid，"Thegoalwastojustbeabarrierthatwasnoveltotheanimal，sowewantedtocreateaphysicalbarrieraswellasanauditory（听觉的）barrier.Wehadsomebodybehindusthatwasbangingonaboat，settingofftheirengineandthenweweresplashingwaterandmovingforwardtowardstheanimal，soweweregivingtheanimaltheoptiontoswimthroughthebridgeonitsown."

Therescuewassuccessful，withthedolphinmakingitswayoutofthecreek.8.Whichofthefollowingsituationscanmakepeopleworried？______A.Moredolphinsarebecomingsolitary.

B.Dolphinsalwaysliveingroups.

C.Dolphinsarebecomingindependentfromhumans.

D.Dolphinshavenointeractionwithhumans.9.Whichmaybeaconsequenceofadolphinbeingisolated？______A.Beinghuntedbyhumans. B.Becominglesscruel.

C.Relyingonhumansforfood. D.Stayingindeepwaterslonger.10.Whatisthefunctionofthehumanchain？______A.Offeringhumaninteractiontothedolphin.

B.Preventingthedolphinfromrunningintoboats.

C.Makingthedolphindesiretomovearound.

D.Guidingthedolphinoutoftheshallowwater.11.WhatismainlyexpressedinBrittany'swords？______A.Thetroublethedolphinwasin.

B.Thepeoplewhorescuedthedolphin.

C.Thewaythedolphinwasrescued.

D.Themeaningofrescuingthedolphin.DItmaybebettertoletamildfeverrunitscourseinsteadofautomaticallyreachingformedication，newresearchofUniversityofAlbertasuggests.

Researchersfoundthatuntreatedmildfeverhelpedfishcleartheirbodiesofinfectionrapidly，controlinflammation（炎症）andrepairdamagedtissue."Weletnaturedowhatnaturedoes，andinthiscaseitisverymuchapositivething，"saysDanielBarreda，leadauthoronthestudy.

Mildfeverisself-resolving，meaningthatthebodycanbothcauseitandshutitdownnaturallywithoutmedication，Barredaexplains.Thehealthadvantagesofnaturalfevertohumansstillhavetobeconfirmedthroughresearch，buttheresearcherssaybecausethemechanisms（机制）drivingandsustainingfeveraresharedamonganimals，itisreasonabletoexpectthatsimilarbenefitsaregoingtohappeninhumans.Thatsuggestsweshouldresistreachingforfevermedicationsatthefirstsignsofamildtemperature，hesays."Theytakeawaythediscomfortfeltfromfever，butyou'realsolikelytogiveawaysomeofthebenefitsofthisnaturalresponse."

Forthestudy，fishweregivenabacterialinfectionandtheirbehaviourwasthentrackedandevaluatedusingmachinelearning.Outwardsymptomsweresimilartothoseseeninhumanswithfever，includingimmobility，fatigueandmalaise.Thesewerethenmatchedtoimportantimmune（免疫）mechanismsinsidetheanimals.

Theresearchshowedthatnaturalfeveroffersanintegrativeresponsethatnotonlyactivatesdefencesagainstinfection，butalsohelpscurbit.Theresearchersfoundthatfeverhelpedtoclearthefishofinfectioninaboutsevendays—halfthetimeittookforthoseanimalsnotallowedtohavefever.Feveralsohelpedtoshutdowninflammationandrepairdamagedtissue."Ourgoalistodeterminehowtobesttakeadvantageofourmedicaladvanceswhilecontinuingtocontrolandusethebenefitsfromnaturalmechanismsofimmunity，"saysBarreda.12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthehealthbenefitofnaturalfevertohumans？______A.Itisimpractical. B.Itneedsproving.

C.Ithasbeenfrequentlytested. D.Itisusefulinmakingmedicine.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"curb"inthelastparagraphprobablymean？______A.Replace. B.Explore. C.Control. D.Observe.14.Howdidnaturalfeverhelpthefish？______A.Byshorteningtheinfectiontime.

B.Byimprovingtheirlivingconditions.

C.Bysendingwarningstotheirbrain.

D.Byextendingtheirlife.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.Naturedoeswhatitshoulddo.

B.Mildfeverisself-resolving.

C.Animalssharethemechanismsoffever.

D.Mildfeverhelpsclearinfectionsfaster.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Thelifeofastudentisbusy.Toensureyouhaveahealthylifestyle，employthesetipsinyourdailyroutine.

Cutdownonsugar

（1）______.Thatistosay，whatyoueatmatters.Healthyeatingresultsinyouthfulskin，boostsenergylevelsandenhancestheimmunesystem，whichreducesdiseases.Anunhealthybodyincreasestheriskofdiseases.Whenyouareunwell，youwillmissclasses，whichinturnaffectsyouracademicperformance.Avoidingmealscontainingprocessedsugaristhebestwaytoliveahealthylife.

Saynotostress

Duetothehighexpectationsplacedonstudents，manyexperiencehighlevelsofstress.（2）______.Chronic（长期的）stresseventuallyleadstodepression，irritability，anxiety，inabilitytoconcentrateandanincreaseinriskybehavior.

（3）______

Thephrase"toomuchofanythingispoisonous"appliestothemealsyoueat.Eatingmorecarbohydrates（碳水化合物）causesyourbloodsugarlevelstogettoohigh.Toomuchfatleadstoobesity，andconsumingexcessproteinsputsyourkidneysatriskoffailing.Avoidconsumingtoomuchofaspecificmealbyoptingforabalanceddiet.

Getanexercisepartner

Althoughit'sanessentialpartofahealthylifestyle，workingoutregularlycanbeastruggleformoststudentswithabusyschedule.（4）______.Aworkoutpartnercomesintokeepyouresponsible，offercompanionshipandgiveyouthepushyouneedtomakephysicalactivitypartofyourroutine.

Don'tovercommit

Ifyoufrequentlyovercommit，youwillstretchyourselftoothinandeventuallyspendlesstimeonthingsthatreallymatter.Ifyoufindyourselfsayingyestoeveryinvitationbecauseyoudon'twanttodisappointyourfriends，theresultwillbeyoudealingwithburnout.（5）______.

A.Balanceproteins，fatandcarbohydrates

B.Makeyoursparetimefullandwonderful

C.Ahealthylifestylestartswithahealthydiet

D.EvenstudentswhomakeitaNewYearresolutionoftengiveuponthegoal

E.Sochooseahealthylifeandplanyourtimewiselytoavoidovercommitting

F.Sugardoesn'tplayabigpartinsecuringahealthybody

G.Infact，academicstresshasbecomealifestylecrisisaffectingstudentsatalllevels16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）65-year-oldDeeHarkriderhadjustfinishedashoppingtripatherlocalWalmartanddidn'trealizeshe'dleftherwalletinashoppingcart.

Soonaftershe（1）______，DelivontaeJohnson，19，drovehiscarintothelotofthesameWalmartinForrestCity，Arkansas，inneedofa（2）______tireafterhittingapothole（坑）.Afterhedroveintoaspace，Johnson（3）______ablackiteminacart：itwasawallet，containingHarkrider'sdriver'slicense，cashandbankcards.Hisimmediate（4）______was，"Ihavetotrytofindoutwhothisladyisandgiveherwalletback."

Johnson（5）______thedriver'slicensetofindherthroughFacebook.Hesenttheladya（n）（6）______，sayingthathewasdrivingnorthtoherhomeinWynneto（7）______thewallet.Butatthesametime，Harkriderwasmilesawayinthe（8）______direction，visitingafriendinPalestine.（9）______，JohnsonmadeaU-turnandthepair（10）______inarestaurantparkinglotinPalestine."Igavehimabighug，"Harkridersaid."I'm（11）______thatwehaveyoungpeopleouttherelikehim."

Despitethe（12）______difference，HarkriderhasbefriendedJohnsonandhisfamily，wholiveinForrestCity.Meanwhile，Johnson，inschooltoearnhiscommercialdrivinglicense，isheartenedbywhat'sgrownoutofhis（13）______.

"Peoplenowadayshavealotofbadthingstosayaboutteenagers，"Johnsonsays."My（14）______wastogivebackthewallettowhoeveritbelongedto.AndIthinkthatistherightthingformetodo.Ifeel（15）______now."21.

A.turnedup B.pulledover C.droveoff D.hungout22.

A.new B.big C.cheap D.fixed23.

A.accepted B.selected C.placed D.spotted24.

A.challenge B.reaction C.suggestion D.mission25.

A.discovered B.compared C.checked D.reported26.

A.invitation B.certificate C.contract D.message27.

A.return B.search C.claim D.recognize28.

A.given B.opposite C.wrong D.right29.

A.Frequently B.Occasionally C.Immediately D.Actually30.

A.met B.argued C.parted D.competed31.

A.worried B.calm C.confused D.grateful32.

A.income B.age C.national D.racial33.

A.judgment B.plan C.kindness D.wish34.

A.concern B.opportunity C.regret D.occupation35.

A.lucky B.strong C.unique D.joyful四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。

Chinawillsoonshipaseriesofaidstothreedevelopingnations（1）______（assist）theminstrengtheningtheircapabilitiestodealwithclimatechange，accordingtotheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment.

"InmovestocarryoutitsplantoincreaseSouth-SouthCooperationonclimatechange，Chinawillprovide5，000setsofsolarpowergenerationsystemsforhouseholduse（2）______300metrictonsofcementforseawallconstructionforthePacificislandnationofKiribati，"theministry（3）______（announce）inamediareleaseonTuesday.

Amobilegroundsystem（4）______canreceiveandprocessdatafromsatelliteswillarriveinBotswana，thereleasesaid.ThesystemwillsupporttheAfricannationinenvironmentalmonitoring，agriculturalproductionandthe（5）______（prevent）ofextremeweatherdisasters.

ItalsosaidChinawillsendsixelectricbuses（6）______CostaRicatofacilitatethenation'sendeavoronagreen，low-carbontransitioninitstransportationsector.

"（7）______（current），theproductionofallaidsinthethreeprogramshasbeencompleted，"theministrysaid."Allthematerialswill（8）______（deliver）forshipmentsoon."

"Chinahasalwaysstrived，asitscapacityallows，tohelpotherdevelopingnationsenhancetheircapabilitiesontacklingclimatechange，"theministrystressed.

Todate，Chinahasreachednumerous（9）______（agreement）onclimatecooperationwith38developingcountries.Ithasalsoofferedtrainingprogramstosome2，300officialsandtechnicians（10）______（devote）themselvestoclimate-relatedpositionsinover120developingnations.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.上周，你校举办了关于"二十四节气"（the24solarterms）的讲座。请你写一篇报道，向校英文报投稿。内容包括：

（1）讲座情况；

（2）你的收获。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

______38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Andylovedtoread.Evenwhenhewasababy，hismotherwouldholdhimonherlapandshowhimpicturebooks.Thebestpartwaswhenhismomordadtuckedhimintobedandreadtohim.

Whereverhewent，healwaystookalongabook.Whenhewenttohisbigbrother'sbaseballgame，everyonewatchedtheplayers.NotAndy!Hesatonthebenchesandlookedathisbooks.

EverywhereAndywent，hecarriedablueandwhitebackpack.Allofhisfriendsputwater，asnackorgamesintheirbackpacks.NotAndy!Heputinbooks-lotsandlotsofbooks.Thereweresomanybooks，andhisbackpackwassoheavythatsometimeshecouldn'tevenstandupstraight!

HisdadfiguredoutawaytohelpAndy.Together，theybuiltalittlecart.Theyworkedveryhardonthisandhadlotsoffundoingthistogether.Itwastheperfectsizetocarryallofhisbooks.Theypaintedthecartblue，andinbigwhiteletters，theywrote，"ANDY'SAMAZINGBOOKS".Hisfriendshelpedhimdecoratethecartwithbrightandcolorfuldesigns.Theyallthoughtitwassocool，whichmadeAndyfeelsoproud.

Mrs.Rivera，histeacher，allowedAndytoleavehiscartinthebackoftheclassroom.Whenthechildrenfinishedtheirwork，theywereallowedtogotoseewhatbookswereinthecartforthatday.Therewereusuallybooksaboutspace，soccer，animals，childrenfromaroundtheworld，andmanymore.

SaturdaywasAndy'sfavoritedayoftheweek.Thatwasthedaythathewenttothepubliclibrarywithhisparents.Hecouldn'twaittovisitthelibrarytoseeMrs.Hamilton，thelibrarian.Shewassofriendlyandhelpful.Shealwaysshowedhimthenewbooksinthechildren'ssection.Afterfillingthecart，heaskedhismom，"CanIgetalibrarycardtoday？""Notyet!Youareonlyonemonthfrombeing5yearsold，"shereplied.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Andyaskedhismother，"OnwhichSaturdayamIgoingtogetmyveryownlibrarycard？"

_______

WhenAndywokeupthatSaturdaymorning，hewasallexcitedtohavehisbirthdayparty.

_______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段TheyandtheirmotherareforcedtomovefromtheircomfortableLondonhometoasimplecottageinthecountrywheretheirmotherwritesbookstomakeendsmeet.（他们和母亲被迫从伦敦舒适的家搬到乡下一所简陋的小屋，母亲在那里写书以维持生计。）可知，《铁路孩子》中的母亲是通过写作养家。A．By

starting

her

writing

career通过写作；B．By

selling

the

comfortable

house通过卖房子；C．By

working

at

the

railway通过在铁路工作；D．By

washing

clothes

for

the

rich通过为富人洗衣服。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Inthisbook，themother，MrsMarch，isthegluethatholdsthefamilytogetherthroughtheCivilWaraswefollowthelivesofherdaughters，Jo，Meg，AmyandBeth.TheirfatherisawayservingasaChaplaininthewarandhavinglosttheirfortune，theirmothermustuseallherresourcestokeepthefamilytogether，whichshedoesremarkablywell.（在这本书中，母亲马奇太太是南北战争期间维系家庭的粘合剂，我们跟随她的女儿乔、梅格、艾米和贝丝的生活。他们的父亲在战争中担任牧师，失去了财产，他们的母亲必须利用她所有的资源来维持家庭的团结，她做得非常好。）可知，《小妇人》是以战争时期为背景的。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Sometimesgarrulous，rudeandmaterialistic，yetstrangelylikeable，MrsBennetleadsherfivedaughters，Jane，Elizabeth，Mary，KittyandLydia，tosuitablemarriages.Nothingwillstandinherwayalthoughsometimesherratherfull-onapproachdoesscareawaysuitablesuitors.Sometimestouchingandatothertimesfunny，itneverfailstomakemesmile.（班纳特太太有时喋喋不休、粗鲁无礼、物质至上，但却出奇地讨人喜欢。她带领她的五个女儿--简、伊丽莎白、玛丽、基蒂和莉迪亚--找到了合适的婚姻。没有什么能阻挡她的脚步，尽管有时她全力以赴的方式确实吓跑了合适的追求者。有时感人，有时有趣，它总是让我微笑。）可知，《傲慢与偏见》是关于婚姻的。故选D。

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四本书的情况。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段的manywouldsaythatit'snormalforpeopleatherage，Joanknewtherehadtobeabetterway.

（很多人会说这对她这个年纪的人来说很正常）可知，人们通常认为琼的病对70多岁的人来说很常见。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段的Joan

watched

her

mom

take

medication

after

medication，and

she

didn't

want

to

end

up

that

way.（琼看着妈妈一次又一次地服药，她不想以这种方式结束。）

可知，文中提到了琼的母亲是为了说明琼做出改变的动机。故选C。

（3）段落大意题。根据第四段的Joan

began

with

small

changes，including

walking，practicing

yoga，and

lifting

weights.After

six

months

of

hard

work，Joan

was

able

to

shed

45

pounds.Ever

since

she

started

working

out

and

eating

more

healthily

in

2017，this

tough

woman

has

managed

to

lose

a

total

of

50

pounds!Her

routine

involves

hitting

the

gym

five

days

a

week，doing

weightlifting，and

doing

15

to

30

minutes

of

sports.（琼开始做一些小的改变，包括散步、练习瑜伽和举重。经过六个月的努力，琼瘦了45磅。自从2017年开始锻炼并吃得更健康以来，这位坚强的女人已经成功地减掉了50磅！她的日常活动包括每周五天去健身房，举重，以及15到30分钟的运动。）可知，第四段主要讲述的是琼为获得健康所做的努力。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段的Now，Joan

is

inspiring

women

of

all

ages

worldwide

by

proving

to

them

that

it's

never

too

late

to

change.Her

advice

to

other

women

who

want

to

make

a

change

but

don't

know

how

to

is

"to

believe

that

it

is

possible!Even

though

you

can't

turn

back

the

clock，you

can

wind

it

up

again."（

现在，琼正在激励全世界所有年龄段的女性，向她们证明改变永远不会太迟。她给其他想做出改变但不知道如何改变的女性的建议是"相信这是可能的！你无法让时钟反转，但你能重新上发条。"）可知，我们能从琼的故事看得出有志向的人能够实现目标，即B项（心之所愿，无所不成）。A．Where

there

is

life，there

is

hope.哪里有生命，哪里就有希望；B．Nothing

is

impossible

for

a

willing

heart.心之所愿，无所不成；C．The

good

seaman

is

known

in

bad

weather.坏天气下才知道好水手；D．All

things

are

difficult

before

they

are

easy.万事开头难。故选B。

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了70岁的琼•麦克唐的健康状况逐渐恶化，但她积极地做出改变激励了成千上万的人。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】A、C、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段…solitarydolphinsarebecomingmorecommon.Thiscanbeacauseforconcernbecausedolphinsarenaturallysociablecreatures.（独自生活的海豚正变得越来越普遍。这可能是一个令人担忧的原因，因为海豚天生就是善于交际的生物。）可知，越来越多的海豚变得独自生活，这会让人担心。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段so

if

they

are

isolated

from

other

dolphins，they

may

turn

their

attention

to

human

interaction（所以如果它们与其他海豚隔离，它们可能会将注意力转向与人类进行互动）

及第三段的"Dolphins

can

become

dependent

on

humans

for

food"（海豚会变得依赖人类获取食物）可知，海豚被隔离后可能依靠人类获取食物。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Twenty-eight

biologists

from

the

Clearwater

Marine

Aquarium，NOAA

and

FWC

came

together

to

form

a

human

chain，creating

a

barrier

that

would

guide

the

dolphin

out

of

the

creek.（来自克利尔沃特海洋水族馆、NOAA和FWC的28名生物学家聚集在一起，组成了一个人链，创造了一个屏障，将海豚引导出小溪。）可知，人链的功能是引导海豚离开浅水区。所以"D．Guiding

the

dolphin

out

of

the

shallow

water.引导海豚离开浅水区。"正确。故选D。

（4）段落大意题。根据倒数第二段Rescue

biologist

Brittany

Baldrica

said，

"The

goal

was

to

just

be

a

barrier

that

was

novel

to

the

animal，so

we

wanted

to

create

a

physical

barrier

as

well

as

an

auditory

barrier.We

had

somebody

behind

us

that

was

banging

on

a

boat，setting

off

their

engine

and

then

we

were

splashing

water

and

moving

forward

towards

the

animal，so

we

were

giving

the

animal

the

option

to

swim

through

the

bridge

on

its

own."（

救援生物学家Brittany

Baldrica说，"我们的目标是成为一个对动物来说新颖的屏障，所以我们想创造一个物理屏障和听觉屏障。我们身后有人在敲船，启动他们的发动机，然后我们泼水，朝着动物前进，所以我们让动物可以选择自己游过大桥。"）可知，布列塔尼的话主要讲的是海豚获救的方式。所以"C．The

way

the

dolphin

was

rescued.海豚获救的方式。"正确。故选C。

文章介绍了一只海豚在佛罗里达州的溪流中被发现后，海洋生物学家们组成了人类链条来营救它。文章指出，海豚通常会成群结队地旅行，但孤独的海豚越来越普遍，这可能会导致它们对人类的互动产生依赖，从而对海豚和人类都有危险。因此，当看到这只海豚已经孤独了几天，并且附近有潜在的人类干扰时，NOAA渔业服务决定采取行动。28名生物学家组成了人类链条，成功地将海豚引导出溪流。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】B、C、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段第二句The

health

advantages

of

natural

fever

to

humans

still

have

to

be

confirmed

through

research，but

the

researchers

say

because

the

mechanisms

（机制）

driving

and

sustaining

fever

are

shared

among

animals，it

is

reasonable

to

expect

that

similar

benefits

are

going

to

happen

in

humans.

（自然发热对人类健康的好处还需要通过研究来证实，但研究人员表示，由于动物之间驱动和维持发烧的机制是相同的，因此有理由期待类似的好处也会发生在人类身上。）可知，关于自然发热对人类的健康益处还需要证明。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句The

research

showed

that

natural

fever

offers

an

integrative

response

that

not

only

activates

defences

against

infection，but

also

helps

curb

it.（研究表明，自然发热提供了一种综合反应，不仅可以激活对感染的防御，还可以帮助抑制感染。）可知，划线词意思是"抑制"。结合选项A．Replace.替换；B．Explore.探索；C．Control.控制；D．Observe.观察。分析可知，C项与划线词意思最接近。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句The

researchers

found

that

fever

helped

to

clear

the

fish

of

infection

in

about

seven

days—half

the

time

it

took

for

those

animals

not

allowed

to

have

fever.

（研究人员发现，发烧可以帮助鱼在大约7天内清除感染，这是那些不允许发烧的动物所需时间的一半）可知，自然发热帮助鱼类缩短感染时间。故选A。

（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合文章第二段Researchers

found

that

untreated

mild

fever

helped

fish

clear

their

bodies

of

infection

rapidly，control

inflammation

（炎症）

and

repair

damaged

tissue.

"We

let

nature

do

what

nature

does，and

in

this

case

it

is

very

much

a

positive

thing，"

says

Daniel

Barreda，lead

author

on

the

study.

（研究人员发现，未经治疗的轻度发烧有助于鱼类迅速清除体内的感染，控制炎症，修复受损组织。该研究的主要作者丹尼尔•巴雷达说："我们让大自然顺其自然，在这种情况下，这是一件非常积极的事情。"）可知，文章主要说明了研究发现轻度发烧有助于鱼类迅速清除体内的感染，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。结合选项A．Nature

does

what

it

should

do.自然会做它应该做的事；B．Mild

fever

is

self-resolving.轻度发烧可自行消退；C．Animals

share

the

mechanisms

of

fever.动物也有发烧的机制；D．Mild

fever

helps

clear

infections

faster.轻度发烧有助于更快清除感染。分析可知，D选项符合文章的主旨。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现轻度发烧有助于鱼类迅速清除体内的感染，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】C、G、A、D、E【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据后文Thatistosay，whatyoueatmatters.Healthyeatingresultsinyouthfulskin，boostsenergylevelsandenhancestheimmunesystem，whichreducesdiseases.Anunhealthybodyincreasestheriskofdiseases.Whenyouareunwell，youwillmissclasses，whichinturnaffectsyouracademicperformance.Avoidingmealscontainingprocessedsugaristhebestwaytoliveahealthylife.（也就是说，你吃什么很重要。健康的饮食使皮肤年轻，提高能量水平，增强免疫系统，从而减少疾病。不健康的身体会增加患病的风险。当你身体不舒服时，你会缺课，这反过来会影响你的学习成绩。避免含有加工糖的食物是健康生活的最佳方式。）可知，本段主要是关于健康的饮食对健康生活方式的重要性，故C．A

healthy

lifestyle

starts

with

a

healthy

diet（健康的生活方式始于健康的饮食）。符合语境，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据上文Duetothehighexpectationsplacedonstudents，manyexperiencehighlevelsofstress.（由于对学生的高期望，许多人经历了高水平的压力。）以及后文Chronic（长期的）stresseventuallyleadstodepression，irritability，anxiety，inabilitytoconcentrateandanincreaseinriskybehavior.（慢性压力最终会导致抑郁、易怒、焦虑、无法集中注意力和危险行为的增加。）可知，上文提到了学生的压力来源，后文则说明了压力的危害，G选项中students对应上文students。故G．In

fact