2023年北京市中考英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023年北京市中考英语试卷1.Mysisterenjoyssingingand_____favoritesubjectismusic.（）A.

his B.

her C.

your D.

their2.It'sagoodideatovisitBeijing_____October.（）A.

at B.

on C.

in D.

to3.-MustIstayhereandwaitforyou？

-No，you_____.Youcangohomenow.（）A.

needn't B.

can't C.

mustn't D.

shouldn't4.-Whichdoyoulike_____，swimmingorskating？

-Swimming.（）A.

well B.

better C.

best D.

the

best5.-_____doyoutidyyourownroom？

-Twiceaweek.（）A.

How

often B.

How

soon C.

How

much D.

How

long6.Itwasdifficulttoclimbthemountain，_____Samgottothetopatlast.（）A.

or B.

so C.

for D.

but7.-Lucy，whatareyoudoing？

-I_____amodelship.（）A.

make B.

made C.

am

making D.

was

making8.TheShenzhou-15astronauts_____toEarthsafelyonJune4，2023.（）A.

return B.

returned C.

will

return D.

have

returned9.Ifyougototheconcertwithustomorrow，you_____agreattimethere.（）A.

have B.

had C.

will

have D.

have

had10.Erie_____manythingssincehebecameinterestedinscience.（）A.

is

learning B.

was

learning C.

will

learn D.

has

learned11.Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers_____everyyear.（）A.

are

planted B.

were

planted C.

plant D.

planted12.-Lily，canyoutellme_____duringtheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear？

-Sure.Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.（）A.

what

you

will

do B.

what

you

did

C.

what

will

you

do D.

what

did

you

doBeWhat'sMissingWherewasthatcashier（收银员）？Impatient，Iquicklylookedatmywatch.Ihardlyhadenoughtimetoeatasandwichandrushbacktowork.

Ilookedaroundthenearlyempty（1）______，butthecashierwasnowhereinsight.Awomanstoodwiping（擦）thefarendofthecounter.Shelookedatmecoldlywithsad，darkeyes.

I（2）______，gettingangry.I'dbeenstandingthereforatleastthreeminutes!

Controllingmyanger，IrememberedMon'swords."Wheneveryoufindyourselfinanunpleasantsituation，justthinkaboutwhatismissing.Ifsomeoneisunkind，thenkindnessismissing.Ifsomeoneishateful，then（3）______ismissing.Ifwewillbewhat'smissing，thenwe'llprovidewhateverthesituationneeds."

AndhereIwasinanunpleasantsituation.HowshouldI"bewhat'smissing"？Whatwasmissingwas（4）______.MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandtakemyownorder.

Justthenthewomanwalkedslowlytowardsme."MayIhelpyou？"sheasked，still（5）______.Shelookedsotired.Nodoubt，shewasoverworked.

Ilookadeepbreath.WithMon'swordsringinginmyhead，Igavethewomanmyorder…andsmiled.

"Howareyoutoday？"

Myquestionseemedto（6）______her.Sheeyedmeforasecondbeforeanswering."Nottoogood."

"I'msorry，"Isaid."Ihopeitgetsbetterstartingrightnow."

Shealmostsmiledasshelookedatme."Thanks.Ihopeyou'reright."

IthoughttomyselfasIatemysandwich.We'reallthesame，really.Wehaveproblemsandangers，wegettiredandwehurt.Weneedtobe（7）______toeachother.

Aftereating，Iwipedthetablecleanerthanusual，andputthetray（托盘）backnicelyonthestand.Thewomanwaswatchingme，abigsmileonherface.

"Bewhat'smissing."It（8）______.13.

A.restaurant B.street C.school D.office14.

A.agreed B.finished C.waited D.left15.

A.trust B.love C.patience D.confidence16.

A.hope B.advice C.money D.service17.

A.nervously B.carefully C.coldly D.kindly18.

A.disappoint B.hurt C.trouble D.surprise19.

A.nicer B.closer C.cooler D.fairer20.

A.said B.worked C.read D.ended21.阅读下列课程介绍、请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的课程，并将课程所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。

ShortArtCoursesA

WildArt

Thiscourseisaboutdrawingandpainting.You'lluseyournewskillstomakeawallposterofanimals.Andwe'vegotlotsofpicturebookstogiveyourideas.B

ArtMatters

Thiscourseteachesyoudifferentdrawingskill.We'llgetyoutodrawthelateststylesofclothes.Ifyoulikedesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege，joinus!C

CreativeArt

Thiscourseisaboutmakingbagstokeepyoursportsclothesin.Weprovidelotsofmaterials.Andyou'llvisitartmuseumstogetsomecreativeideas.D

ArtMagic

Thiscourseisabouttellinggoodstoriesinpictures.There'llbecartoonfilmstowatch.andinstructioninhowtodrawyourfavoritecharacters.（1）______I'minterestedindesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege.

（2）______IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI'dliketoreadpicturebooks.

（3）______

Ilikemakingbagsandwanttovisitartmuseumstogetcreativeideas.(1)(2)(3)OBettywasexcitedtoshowherbrotherDavidthebasketfilledwithseashells.ButDavidwasbusyhelpingDadgeteverythingbackintothecar."Whatareyougoingtodowiththoseuselessthings？"hesaid."Youcan'ttakethemhome."

"ButIwanttheseseashells，"Bettysaidunhappily."Eachoneisadifferentshapeandsize.Theyareallspecial."

Suddenly，Davidsawthewaterrisingalongthebeach.HeshoutedtoBetty，"Thewaves（海浪）areabouttotakeyourtoys!"AsBettyrantogetherthings，shecalledtoDavid，"Pleaseputmyseashellsintothecar!"

Davidwasputtingoneofthebeachchairsintothecarwhenhisfootaccidentallyknockedoverthebasket.AsDavidliftedaheavybox，heslipped（滑倒）anddroppedtheboxrightontopoftheseashells，breakingmostofthemintopieces.

Bettycamebackwithhertoys.Whenshesawherseashellsbroken，shebegantocry.Davidstartedtopickuptheseashellsandplacethemcarefullybackintothebasket.

DadtriedtoexplaintoBettythatitwasanaccident.ButBettywasstillupset.Davidalsofeltsad.Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.Whenhegothome，hehadaperfectidea.

ThenextmorningDavidwaitedforBettywiththebasketofseashellsandsomestrongglue.Healsohadaframed（装框的）photoofthetwoofthem.Togethertheylookedthroughthebasketandfoundseveralseashellsthatwerenotbrokenandcouldstillbeused.Thentheygluedtheseashellstotheframe.

"I'mreallysorry，Betty."Davidsaid."YesterdayIwasverycarelesswithsomethingspecialtoyou.

Bettylookedatherbrotherandsmiled."You'rethebestbigbrotherever!"）22.WhatdidBettythinkoftheseashells？______A.Clean. B.Useless. C.Expensive. D.Special.23.Bettybegantocrywhen______.A.sheslippedandhurtherself

B.sheknockedoverthebasket

C.shesawthebrokenseashells

D.shetoldherdadabouttheaccident24.Davidgluedtheseashellstotheframeto______.A.makeituptohissister B.develophispaintingskill

C.prepareagiftforhisdad D.makethepicturebeautifulPDoyouknowthatover1/3ofallfoodproducedintheworldgoestowaste？AccordingtotheUnitedNations（UN），everyyeararoundtheword，aboutonebillion（十亿）tonsoffoodiswasted.Atthesametime，therearenearlyonebillionpeoplewhogohungry，Simply1/4ofthefoodwastedisenoughtokeepthemoutofhunger.Inaddition，thewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbondioxide（CO2），whichspeedsupclimate（气候）change.Whatcanwedotosolvethisfoodwasteproblem？

Oneeffectivesolutionisbalancingfoodproductionwithdemand（需求）.Inhotelsandothersimilarplaces，specialinstrumentsshouldbeusedsothatcookingspecialistsjustprepareandcookfoodasitisordered.

Anothereffectivesolutionisstartingprogramstoreduce（减少）foodwaste.Storesandbuyerscantrytheirbesttobecreativeinfoodwastereduction.Forexample，storescanprovidecustomerswithinstructionstellingthemhowtomakefulluseoffood.Buyerscantrynotfixingtheireyesonlyonfoodofthebestquality（质量）.Sometimes，thefoodofntopqualityisalsogodenoughtoeat，orcanbeboughtandthenusedtomakedeliciousdishes.

Oneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryonetobuyandpreparefoundwithaplanoftheirownsothatlessfoodiswasted.Challengingasitis，theuseofmealplansinpreparingfoundcanplayanimportantroleinendingfoodwasteinthefamily.

Foodrecyclingisoneoftheknownsolutions.Effortsarenowalreadyinprogress.Foodthatisnotsafeforhumanstoeatisrecycledintootherproductssuchasanimalfeedsandclothing.Yet，thereisstillalongwaytogoandmuchforimprovementinthisarea.

Inaword，foodwastehasbeenoneofthebiggestproblemsintheworldthathaveinfluencedusgreatly.Manysolutionshavebeenfoundandmanymoreareyettobeworkedout.Ifeachofuscanputinmoreefforts，foodwasteissuretobereducedforthegoodofourfuture.25.Accordingtothepassage，whatisapossibleresultoffoodwaste？______A.Theproblemofworldwidehunger.

B.Abigincreaseinfoodproduction.

C.Thespeed-upofclimatechange.

D.Asuddendropinpopulation.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______A.Foodrecyclinghasbeenhugelysuccessful.

B.Buyersshouldgiveupnon-topqualityfood.

C.Storesshouldtrainpeopletomakedeliciousdishes.

D.Mealplansinthefamilyarehardtoputintopractice.27.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？______A.Benefitsofreducingfoodwaste.

B.Solutionstothefoodwasteproblem.

C.Theimportanceoffightingfoodwaste.

D.Theattitudetothefoodwasteproblem.QWhenconsideringthekindofexperiencethatmakeslifebetter，mostpeoplefirstthinkthathappinessdependsonexperiencingpleasure：goodfood，goodjobs，allthecomfortsthatmoneycanbuy.Ifwecouldn'thavethese，wemightaswellsitinfrontofthetelevisiononaquietevening.

Pleasureisanimportantpartofthequalityoflife，butbyitselfitdoesn'tbringhappiness.Whenpeoplethinkfurtheraboutwhatmakesaworthylife，theytend（倾向于）tomovebeyondpleasantmemoriesandbegintorememberotherevents，otherexperiencesthatoverlap（有重叠）pleasurableonesbutfallintoagroupwithaseparatename：enjoyment.Enjoyableeventstakeplacewhenpeoplehavenotonlysatisfiedaneedormetsomeearlierexpectation，butalsoachievedsomethingunexpected.

Enjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseofcuriosity，ofachievement.Playingatennisgamethatimprovesone'sabilityisenjoyable，asisreadingabookthatshowsthingsinanewlight，asishavingaconversationthatleadsustoexpressideaswedidn'tknowwehad.Noneoftheseexperiencesmaybeespeciallypleasurablewhentheyaretakingplace，butwhenwethinkbackonthemafterwards，wewouldsay，"Thatreallywasfun"andwishtheywouldhappenagain.Afteranenjoyableeventweknowthatwehavechanged，andgrown.

Experiencesthatgivepleasurecanalsogiveenjoyment，butthetwofeelingsarequitedifferent.Forexample，everybodytakespleasureineating.However，toenjoyfoodismoredifficult-youhavetopayenoughattentiontoameal，Soastosenseandtellitsvarioustastes.Asthisexamplesuggests，wecanexperiencepleasurewithoutanypsychicenergy，whileenjoymenthappensonlyasaresultoffullattention.Apersoncanfeelpleasurewithoutanyeffort，aslongascertainpartsinhisbrainarestimulated（刺激）.Butit'simpossibletoenjoyatennisgameorabookwithoutfullattention.It'sforthisreasonthatpleasuredoesnotlastlong，nordoesitmakeusgrow.Growthrequiresfullattentiontogoalsthatarenew，thatarerelativelychallenging.

Withoutenjoyment，lifewillgoon，anditcanevenbepleasant.Butitdependsheavilyonluckandtheexternal（外部的）environment.Toachievepersonalcontroloverthequalityofexperience，however，weneedtolearnhowtobuildenjoymentintowhathappensdayin，dayout.28.Youwillmostprobablyexperienceenjoymentwhenyou______.A.buyexpensiveshoes

B.orderadeliciousmeal

C.talkwithfriendsfornewideas

D.sitquietlyinfrontofatelevision29.Whatdoyouknowaboutpleasureandenjoymentfromthepassage？______A.Enjoymentgrowsoutofpleasure.

B.Pleasureandenjoymentcomehandinhand.

C.Pleasurableexperiencesarepartofenjoyableones.

D.Someexperiencesprovidebothpleasureandenjoyment.30.Thewords"psychicenergy"inParagraph4areclosestinmeaningto______.A.attention B.interest C.ability D.knowledge31.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat______.A.feelingpleasurestopspeoplefromachievinggrowth

B.feelingenjoymentcomeswithachievinggrowth

C.aworthylifedependsonluckandenvironment

D.pleasureisthekeytoahappyandworthylife32.My100DaysWithoutaMobilePhoneWhenwasthelasttimeyoulefthomewithoutyourmobilephone？Canyouimagineyourselflivingamonth，orevenayearwithoutcheckingyourmobilephonefromtimetotime？

Asabusymodernpersonwithlotsofsocialconnections，plansandresponsibilities，Ijustcannotaffordtonotbeintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However，sometimesitcanbebothersome（恼人的）.

OnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications（通知）off.Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheekthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So，Isimplystoppedusingmyphone.

Well，totellthetruth，itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcoupleofdays，Ihadabigfearthatallofmyfriendswouldsoonforgetaboutme.WhenIhadafreemoment，Ihadnoideawhattogetmyselfdistracted（分心的）with，andtheworriesmixedwithboredomkeptbotheringme.

However，afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone，Istartednoticingchanges-changeswhichIliked，andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment，butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.

Firstofall，InoticedthatIbecamemuchmorefocused（专注的）.Before，whiledoingsomething，Iwouldoftenfindmyselfwonderingwhatwasgoingononline.Afteramonthofstayingawayfrommymobilephone，Ifoundthattheurge（冲动）wasalreadynotthatstrongandthatmyabilitytofocusimproved.

Idiscoveredthattheworldisabeautifulplace.Before，Iwouldlookatitthroughmycameramostly：takeaphoto，postit，getsomelikes.Now，IsawbeautifulpeoplewalkingaroundandIsensedtheseasonschange.Icouldunderstandtheactualbeautyoftheworld，andIdidnotneedanyoneelsetoprovethevalueofthisbeautythroughlikesorshares.

Now，as100dayshavepassed，Icansaythattheexperimentwasworthit.Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.(1)Whatmadethewritercheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore？

______(2)Whendidthewriterstartnoticinghischanges？

______(3)Whatdoesthewriterplantodowithhisphoneaftertheexperiment？

______(4)Wouldyouliketofollowthewriter'sexample？Whyorwhynot？（Pleasegivetworeasons.）

______33.根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

假设你是李华。你们班想在毕业之前为学校做件有意义的事如种植纪念树、去校图书馆整理图书等。你打算邀请交换生Peter参加这次活动。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，告诉他活动内容、意义及安排。

提示词语：invite，plant，meaningful，beautiful，library

提示问题：

●Whatactivitydoyouplantodo？

●Whydoyouwanttoorganizethisactivity？

●Whenandwherewillyouhavethisactivity？

DearPeter，

Howiseverythinggoing？_______________

Hopetohearfromyousoon.

Yours，LiHua34.根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

同学们参加过各种各样的社团，如篮球队、合唱团等。

假设你是李华。请你用英语写一篇短文给学校英文网站投稿，介绍一个你参加过的社团，谈谈这个社团的活动内容以及你的收获。

提示词语：takepartin，practice，skill，benefit，progress

提示问题：

●Whatclubdidyoujoin？

●Whatdidyoudointheclub？

●Whathaveyoulearnedfromtheexperience？

_________________

答案和解析1.【答案】B【解析】A.他的；B.她的；C.你的；D.他们的；形容词性物主代词后跟名词，相当于名词性物主代词，名词性物主代词后不跟名词。根据and前"My

sister

enjoys

singing

""我姐姐喜欢唱歌"和题干可知，and后的句意为：她最喜欢的科目是音乐。结合空后名词subject可知，故此题考查形容词性物主代词her"她的"。

故选：B。

我姐姐喜欢唱歌，她最喜欢的科目是音乐。

牢记形容词性物主代词的用法。

2.【答案】C【解析】at用于具体的钟点前；on用于具体的某一天或者具体某一天的上/下午/晚上；in用于年/月/季节或泛指的某一天的上午，下午和晚上前；to朝，向。根据所给空后面的"October"可知，指的是某一月。

故选：C。

十月份去北京是个好主意。

主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对介词的掌握。

3.【答案】A【解析】needn't不必；can't不可能；mustn't禁止；shouldn't不应该。Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用No，主语+needn't."不，某人不必。"

故选：A。

--我必须留在这里等你吗？

--不，你不必。你现在可以回家了。

掌握Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用No，主语+needn't."不，某人不必。"的知识点，结合语境，选择正确答案。

4.【答案】B【解析】well，形容词，意为"身休好的"；better，good的比较级，用于两者之间的比较，意为"比较好的"；best，good的最高级，用于三者或三者之上的比较，意为"最好的"，thebest，good的最高级，用于三者或三者之上的比较，意为"最好的"。根据题干中的"swimming

or

skating"可知是两者之间的比较。

故选：B。

--你喜欢游泳还是滑冰？

--游泳。

熟知单词good的比较级和最高级的用法，再结合语境，选出合适的答案。

5.【答案】A【解析】How

often多久一次，是对频率进行的提问；Howsoon多久以后，常对动作还有多久发生进行提问，一般用于将来时，回答用"in+时间段"；How

much多少，询问价格或不可数名词数量；How

long多长，是对长度或一段时间的提问。根据答语"Twice

a

week."可知上文是对频率进行的提问，因此疑问词用Howoften。

故选：A。

--你多久整理一次自己的房间？

--一周两次。

辨析每个选项的词义，结合语境选出正确的答案。

6.【答案】D【解析】or或者；so所以；for为了；but但是。根据题干"It

was

difficult

to

climb

the

mountain，...Sam

got

to

the

top

at

last."可知前后句之间表达的是一种转折关系，因此应用but来连接。

故选：D。

爬那座山很困难，但萨姆最后还是爬到了山顶。

辨析每个选项的词义，结合语境选出正确的答案。

7.【答案】C【解析】A.一般现在时态；B.一般过去时态；C.现在进行时态；D.过去进行时态；根据问句"Lucy，what

are

you

doing？""露西，你在干什么？"和题干可知，问句时态为现在进行时态，故答语时态也为现在进行时态，其构成是：am/is/are+doing。句意为：我正在做一个轮船模型。

故选：C。

-露西，你在干什么？

-我正在做一个轮船模型。

抓住语境是解题的关键，确定时态及形式。

8.【答案】B【解析】A.一般现在时态；B.一般过去时态；C.一般将来时态D.现在完成时态；根据时间状语on

June

4，2023"2023年6月4日"可知，句子的时态为一般过去时态，句中动词使用过去式。return的过去式为returned。

故选：B。

神舟十五号航天员于2023年6月4日安全返回地球。

抓住时间状语和语境是解题的关键，再结合选项选择合适的时态。

9.【答案】C【解析】A一般现在时，动词原形；B一般过去时，过去式；C一般将来时；D现在完成时。if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，从句If

you

go

to

the

concert是一般现在时，主句you_____a

great

time

there需用一般将来时。

故选：C。

如果你明天和我们一起去音乐会，你会在那里很开心的。

掌握时态的用法和含义，分析句子成分，确定时态。

10.【答案】D【解析】A现在进行时；B过去进行时；C一般将来时；D现在完成时。learn表示"学习"。since表示"自从"，用于现在完成时态中。主语是单词Erie，助动词用has。

故选：D。

自从对科学感兴趣后Erie学到了很多东西。

掌握常用时态的含义和用法，结合语境和关键词，即可选出正确答案。

11.【答案】A【解析】A一般现在时被动语态；B一般过去时被动语态；C一般现在时主动语态；D一般过去时主动语态。根据everyyear可知此处用一般现在时，主语flowers和动词plant之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态。

故选：A。

公园变得越来越漂亮因为每年种很多种类的花。

分析题干找到关键词确定时态和语态，注意用法区别。

12.【答案】B【解析】根据"Lily，can

you

tell

me...during

the

Dragon

Boat

Festival

this

year？"可知本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，C、D选项是疑问语序所以排除；再根据答语"We

ate

zongzi

and

watched

a

dragon

boat

race."可知句子时态用一般过去时，因此B选项符合题意，A选项是一般将来时，所以排除。

故选：B。

--莉莉，你能告诉我今年端午节你做了什么吗？

--当然。我们吃了粽子，看了赛龙舟。

考查宾语从句，做题时一般先观察是否使用陈述语序；结合语境可确定句子的时态；最后根据答句来确定最终答案。

13~20.【答案】A、C、B、D、C、D、A、B【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：我环视了一下几乎空无一人的餐厅，却看不到收银员。A饭店，B街道，C学校，D办公室，根据I

hardly

had

enough

time

to

eat

a

sandwich

and

rush

back

to

work.（我几乎没有足够的时间吃三明治然后赶回工作岗位。）可知我环视了一下几乎空无一人的餐厅，故选A。

（2）考查动词。句意：我等着，很生气。A同意，B完成，C等待，D离开，根据Ilookedaroundthenearlyemptyrestaurant，butthecashierwasnowhereinsight.（我环视了一下几乎空无一人的餐厅，却看不到收银员。）可知我等着，故选C。

（3）考查名词。句意：如果一个人可恨，那么爱就缺失了。A信任，B爱，C耐心，D自信，根据If

someone

is

unkind，then

kindness

is

missing.（如果有人不友善，那么善良就缺失了。）可知如果一个人可恨，那么爱就缺失了，故选B。

（4）考查名词。句意：缺少的是服务。A希望，B建议，C钱，D服务，根据Ilookedaroundthenearlyemptyrestaurant，butthecashierwasnowhereinsight.（我环视了一下几乎空无一人的餐厅，却看不到收银员。）可知缺少的是服务，故选D。

（5）考查副词。句意：就在这时，女人慢慢地向我走来。"我能帮你吗？"她问道，仍然很冷淡。A紧张地，B小心地，C冷冷地，D善良地，根据Justthenthewomanwalkedslowlytowardsme.（就在这时，女人慢慢地向我走来。）可知仍然很冷淡，故选C。

（6）考查动词。句意：我的问题似乎让她大吃一惊。A失望，B伤害，C麻烦，D惊讶，根据She

eyed

me

for

a

second

before

answering.

"Not

too

good."（她看了我一会儿才回答。"不太好。"）可知我的问题似乎让她大吃一惊，故选D。

（7）考查形容词。句意：我们需要对彼此更好。A更好的，B更近的，C更冷的，D更公平的，根据语境可知我们需要对彼此更好。故选A。

（8）考查动词。句意：它起作用了。A说，B工作，C读，D结束，根据上文的故事作者想起了朋友的话：Whenever

you

find

yourself

in

an

unpleasant

situation，just

think

about

what

is

missing.If

someone

is

unkind，then

kindness

is

missing.（每当你发现自己处于不愉快的境地时，想想缺少了什么。如果有人不友善，那么善良就缺失了。）可知它起作用了，故选B。

短文主要写了一个人在等待收银员时感到不耐烦，但通过回忆起朋友的话，他意识到应该用善良来填补这个缺失。他向那位收银员友好地问候并且微笑，使她感到欣慰。他意识到我们都是一样的，都有问题和痛苦，所以我们需要彼此友善。最后，他清理了桌子并整理好托盘，收银员对他微笑表示感谢。通过这个经历，他明白了"成为缺失的那部分"的重要性。

根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。

21.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】A【小题3】C【解析】细节理解题。

（1）句意：我对设计服装感兴趣，想在大学学习设计。根据表格第一行第二个If

you

like

designing

clothes

and

want

to

study

it

at

college，join

us!（如果你喜欢设计服装并想在大学学习，加入我们吧！）可知课程B符合题意。故选B。

（2）句意：我喜欢制作动物墙报，我想读画册。根据表格第一行第一个You'll

use

your

new

skills

to

make

a

wall

poster

of

animals.And

we've

got

lots

of

picture

books

to

give

your

ideas.（你会使用新技巧来制作动物墙报。我们有很多画册可以给你提供想法。）可知课程A符合题意。故选A。

（3）句意：我喜欢制作书包，想去参观艺术博物馆来获取有创意的想法。根据表格第二行第一个This

course

is

about

making

bags

to

keep

your

sports

clothes

in.We

provide

lots

of

materials.And

you'll

visit

art

museums

to

get

some

creative

ideas.（这个课程是关于制作放运动服的书包的。我们提供很多材料。你可以参观艺术博物馆来获取有创意的想法。）可知课程C符合题意。故选C。

本文介绍了4种不同的课程。

通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，认真检查。

22~24.【答案】D、C、A【解析】细节理解题。

（1）根据第二段They

are

all

special.（它们都很特别。）可知Betty认为这些贝壳很特别。故选D。

（2）根据第五段When

she

saw

her

seashells

broken，she

began

to

cry.（当她看到贝壳碎了时，她开始大哭。）可知Betty看到贝壳碎了时她开始大哭。故选C。

（3）根据第六段He

thought

about

what

he

could

do

to

make

it

up

to

his

sister.（他想他能做什么来补偿他的妹妹。）可知David把碎的贝壳粘在相框上是为了补偿妹妹。故选A。

短文主要写了Betty和David在海滩上玩耍时，David不小心把Betty的海贝壳弄碎了，Betty很伤心。第二天，David用胶水把一些没有碎的海贝壳粘在相框上，作为补偿。Betty原谅了他，并称他是最好的哥哥。

通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

25~27.【答案】C、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段In

addition，the

wasted

food

produces

over

three

billion

tons

of

carbon

dioxide（

CO2），which

speeds

up

climate（气候）

change.（此外，被浪费的食物产生超过30亿吨的二氧化碳，加速了气候变化。）可知，食物浪费可能导致的结果是气候变化的加速。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段One

of

the

hardest

solutions

to

achieve

is

for

each

and

every

one

to

buy

and

prepare

found

with

a

plan

of

their

own

so

that

less

food

is

wasted.（最难实现的解决方案之一是，每个人都要按照自己的计划购买和准备食物，这样就可以减少食物浪费。）可知家庭膳食计划很难付诸实施。故选D。

（3）主旨大意题。根据第一段What

can

we

do

to

solve

this

food

waste

problem？（我们能做些什么来解决这个食物浪费问题？）可知这篇文章的主要内容是：食物浪费问题的解决方案。故选B。

这篇短文主要讲述了全球食物浪费问题以及解决这个问题的一些有效方法。

通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

28~31.【答案】C、D、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Enjoyment

is

characterized

by

a

sense

of

curiosity，of

achievement.Playing

a

tennis

game

that

improves

one's

ability

is

enjoyable，as

is

reading

a

book

that

shows

things

in

a

new

light，as

is

having

a

conversation

that

leads

us

to

express

ideas

we

didn't

know

we

had.（快乐体验的特点是好奇心和成就感。打一场能提高一个人能力的网球是令人愉快的，就像读一本从新的角度看待事物的书一样，就像进行一场能让我们表达自己不知道自己拥有的想法的谈话一样。）可知当你与朋友交谈以获得新想法，你很可能会体验到快乐。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Experiences

that

give

pleasure

can

also

give

enjoyment，but

the

two

feelings

are

quite

different.（给人快乐的经历也可以给人享受，但这两种感觉是完全不同的。）可知有些经历既提供快乐又提供享受。故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据第四段For

example，everybody

takes

pleasure

in

eating.However，to

enjoy

food

is

more

difficult-

you

have

to

pay

enough

attention

to

a

meal，So

as

to

sense

and

tell

its

various

tastes.As

this

example

suggests，we

can

experience

pleasure

without

any

psychic

energy，while

enjoyment

happens

only

as

a

result

of

full

attention.（例如，每个人都以吃为乐。然而，享受食物是比较困难的——你必须对一顿饭有足够的关注，这样才能感觉到并说出它的各种味道。正如这个例子所表明的，我们可以在没有任何的情况下体验快乐，而享受只有在全神贯注的情况下才会发生。）联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词psychic

energy的意思应为：精神能量，即注意。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据第四段Growth

requires

full

attention

to

goals

that

are

new，that

are

relatively

challenging.（成长需要充分关注新的、相对具有挑战性的目标。）可推断出作者可能同意"随着成长而来的是快乐"。故选B。

本文主要讲述了人们对于生活更美好的体验的考虑。

通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

32.【答案】【小题1】Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.【小题2】Afterthreeweeks.【小题3】Heplanstostayawayfromthephoneforaslong

aspossible.【小题4】Yes，I'dliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused，andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes/No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreetime./【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段But

the

fear

of

missing

out

something

important

made

me

cheek

the

phone

more

often

than

before.（但由于害怕错过重要的事情，我比以前更频繁地查看电话。）可知，害怕错过重要的事情让作者比以前更频繁地查看手机。故填：Thefearo