高考北师大版英语大一轮复习能力提升题组训练Unit10Money

必修4Unit10Money能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读Doesbeingrichmakeyouhappy?U.S.CentralBankChairmanBenBernankesaysthatitdoestosomeextent,butthatthere’smoretolifethangoingaftermoney.Whenpeoplesaythatmoneydoesnotbuyhappiness,theygenerallymean“extramoney”.Peoplewhosebasicneedsforshelter,clothingandfoodarenotmetwillfinditverydifficulttofeelhappy.Evenherethereareexceptions,especiallyforpeoplewithcertainreligiousbeliefs.Happinessresearchshowsthatforone’slevelofhappiness,howmuchonehasparedwithothersismoreimportantthanhowmuchonehasinabsoluteterms.Again,thisisassumingbasicneedshavebeenmet.Althoughrichpeoplegenerallyfeelhappierthanpoorpeopleinthesamecountry,richpeopleinarichcountrydonotfeelhappierthanrichpeopleinapoorcountry,eventhough,inabsoluteterms,theyhavemore.ThismeansthatwhilekeepingupwiththeJoneses(与别人攀比)canbeharmfulifweletitgotoofar,itisalsopartofhumannaturetofeelatleastonasimilarlevel,financially,tothosesurroundingus.Whatareourbasicneeds,then?Formostpeople,thebasicneedsarenotverybasicanymore.Weexpecttobeabletoprovideafamilywithadequateshelter,newclothing,plentyoffood,healthcareandeducation,whilealsosavingforourretirement.“Meetingbasicneedsrequireseffortanddedication,butifyourbasicneedsaremet,takeagoodlookatyourlifeandatyourcareerchoices.Worklifebalanceisimportant.Itdoesn’tmakesensetowork40hoursperweekfor40yearsinajobyouhate,andliveonlyfortheweekend.Formostofus,onceourbasicneedshavebeenmet,happinessisachievedwhenweengageinactivitiesthatareinterestingtous,spendtimewithfriendsandfamily,andstayactive.Makingmoneyforthesakeofmakingmoneydoesnotmakepeoplehappy.1.Peopleusuallyfindouttheirlevelofhappinessby.

A.meetingtheirbasicneeds B.earningalotofmoneyCparingthemselveswithothers D.feelinghappierthanrichpeople2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.ifbasicneedsaremet,oneshouldlookatone’scareerchoicesB.itisimpossibletofeelhappyifone’sbasicneedsarenotmetC.itisgoodtopetewithothersD.richpeopleinrichcountriesarehappierthanthoseinpoorcountries3.Oncetheirbasicneedsaremet,peopleachievehappinesswhenthey.

A.getajobthatiswellpaid B.getabalancebetweenworkandlifeC.goaftermoreandmoremoney D.saveenoughmoneyforretirement4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtomakefulluseofone’smoney. B.Whataffectsone’sfeelings.C.Howtosatisfyone’sbasicneeds. D.Whethermoneyleadstohappiness.语篇解读:本文是议论文,主要论述了金钱在我们生活中的意义。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Happinessresearchshowsthatforone’slevelofhappiness,howmuchonehasparedwithothersismoreimportantthanhowmuchonehasinabsoluteterms.可知,人们通常通过和别人比较来判断自己的幸福水平,故选C。2.A细节理解题。根据第六段中的Meetingbasicneedsrequireseffortanddedication,butifyourbasicneedsaremet,takeagoodlookatyourlifeandatyourcareerchoices.可知,如果基本的生活需求满足了,人们应该着眼于自身的生活及对职业的选择,故选A。3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Worklifebalanceisimportant.Itdoesn’tmakesensetowork40hoursperweekfor40yearsinajobyouhate,andliveonlyfortheweekend.以及最后一段可知,有钱并不能给人带来幸福,只有在满足基本生活需求的基础上,达到工作和生活的平衡,人们才能获得幸福感。故选B。4.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要论述金钱在我们生活中的意义,金钱是否能给人们带来快乐的问题,故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(2019湖南三湘名校教育联盟高三联考)Manypeoplefeeloutofplacewhendiningsimplybecausetheydon’tknowhowtofollowtablemanners,especiallyiftheyhavebeeninvitedtoaniceplace.Admittedly,itisdifficulttolearneverypointofetiquette(礼仪)ataglance,buthereareafewgeneralpointers.1.

Observeyourhost.Followtheirlead.2.Ifyouarethehost,don’tpanic.Ensureyoureaduponetiquettebeforetakingontheroleofhostingandoperatewithintherulessothatyouareeasytofollow.

Waitforthehosttoinviteyoutothetable.Shemayassignyoutoaseat.Standbehindthechairastheotherguestsgetseated.3.Afteryousit,pullyourchairintothetable,withoutdraggingitoverthefloorwithahorriblenoise.

Bepolite.Considereveryactionbeforeyoudoit.4.Youmustconsciouslystopfromembarrassingyourselfandyourhost.Takesmallbites;donottalkwithfoodinyourmouth;anddonotplaceelbowsonthetable.

Howtopassitems.Whensomeonesays,“Pleasepassthe...,”reachforitonlyifyouaretheclosestonetoit.Taketheitemandplaceitnexttoyourneighbor.5.Don’thelpyourselfalongtheway,beforethepersonwhoaskedforitgetsthechance.Waitpolitelyuntiltheyhaveservedthemselves.Thenaskforthebowltobepassedbacktoyou.

A.Whenthehostsits,takeyourseat.B.Waitforyourhosttofinishthemealfirst.C.Ifyouhavetheslightestdoubt,don’tdoit!D.Remember,goodmannersnevergooutofstyle.E.Continuepassinginthismanneruntilitreachesothers.F.Becausethehostgenerallyistheleaderatadinnerpartyormeal.G.It’simportanttosaytraditionalphrasesofthanksbeforeandafterameal.答案:15DFACEⅢ.完形填空Iwillneverforgetonesummerinmychildhood.Whilewalkingintheattic(阁楼),Isteppedonsomethingand1down,withmyhandlandingonafloorboardthatpoppedupandalmosthitmeinthehead.WhenI2andlookedinsidetheopenspace,Icouldnotbelievemyeyes:Therewasgoldinthere!Iseizedahandfulofshininggoldcubes,rantothebottomofthestairsand3,“Mama.Ifoundgolduphereunderthefloor!”

BackupthestairsIdashed,4mybrothersalmostknockedmebackdownastheyranrightbyme.WhenMamaopenedthedoorandstuckherhead,she5said,“Honey,that’sinsulation(隔热材料).Nowputitallback.”

Ifeltreallydisappointed.IhadthoughtImadeareal6.

WhenI7insidetoputthefakegoldback,myhandtouchedwhatfeltlikeabook.Ipulleditout.Itwasoldandsmall:Bartlett’sFamiliarQuotations,whichI’dneverheardof.And8Iwasbored,Idecidedtoseewhatwasinsidethislittlebook.Tomysurprise,itwasabookofpassages,phrases,andproverbsandIcouldtellthatthiswasgoingtobe9.

SoIspentquitemuchtimeonitandfoundfortinthesepages.AsIdidn’tknowhowtoexpressthingsclearly,Ioften10totalkaboutthem.Thisbookhelpedme11thatIdidn’tneedtofeelashamedor12,becauseotherpeoplehadsimilarexperiences.

WhenIwenttocollege,Bartlett’sFamiliarQuotationscamewithme.Overtheyears,I’vekeptmyoriginal13,whichtothisdayIoftenreferto.Althoughitwasa14tofindthebook,itliberatedmeinaway.Ithelpedmeseemorethanmyyoungmindandheartwereabletounderstand.

Thebookdiscoveredunderthosefloorboardswas,15,gold.

2.A.bentover B.showedup C.laydown D.brokeinomplained8.A.until B.nowthat C.unless D.sothat语篇解读:这是一篇记叙文。作者小的时候在阁楼上的地板下意外地发现了“金子”,但母亲告诉作者,作者发现的不是金子而是隔热材料。当作者把隔热材料放回去的时候,发现了一本关于短文、短语和谚语的书。这本书对作者的帮助很大。作者认为被发现的这本书才是“金子”。答案及剖析:1.Dslowed放慢;calmed使平静;looked看;fell落下。由“withmyhandlandingonafloorboard”可知,作者是摔倒了。故D项切题。2.Abentover弯腰;showedup出现;laydown躺下;brokein破门而入。由“lookedinsidetheopenspace”可知,弯下腰才能向里看,才能发现“金子”。故A项切题。3.Ayelled叫喊;sighed叹息;admitted承认;plained抱怨。由“Mama.Ifoundgolduphereunderthefloor!”可知,作者以为在地板下面发现了金子,所以会很兴奋而大叫,故A项切题。4.C句意:……但是我的兄弟们差点把我撞倒……前后语意表示转折,所以but符合句意。5.Asimply简单地,只是;thoughtfully周全地;honestly诚实地;angrily生气地。因为作者的母亲知道那是隔热材料,所以她很平静。故A项切题。6.Ddifference不同;choice选择;mistake错误;discovery发现。句意:我原以为,我真的发现了什么。前文的found与madearealdiscovery相对应。故D项切题。7.Csat坐;slid滑动;reached触及,够到;walked走。作者是从弹起的地板里拿出的“金子”,所以把手伸进去,才能送回原地。故C项切题。8.Buntil直到;nowthat既然;unless除非;sothat以至于。句意:既然我感到无聊,我决定看看这本小书里写了什么。分析句子可知,前后句表示因果关系。故B项切题。9.Dabsurd荒谬的;controversial有争议的;boring令人厌烦的;interesting有趣的。由下文可知,这本书对作者产生了积极的影响,作者上大学后都一直把它带在身边,推断这本书是很有趣的。故D项切题。10.Dtended易于;offered提供;managed应对;hesitated犹豫。因为作者不知道如何把事情表达清楚,所以在谈论事情的时候总是犹犹豫豫的。故D项切题。11.Cexpect期望;remember记得;realize意识到;imagine想象。读完这本书,作者突然明白了什么,所以是这本书帮助作者意识到了自己不需要感到羞愧……,故C项切题。12.Aembarrassed尴尬的;satisfied满意的;astonished惊讶的;tired疲惫的。or所连接的两个词都是贬义形容词。所以embarrassed“尴尬的”符合句意。13.B句意:这些年来,我一直保留着我最初的那本书……这里的copy指的是作者发现的那本书。故B项切题。14.Ddilemma进退两难;disaster灾难;pity同情;coincidence巧合。由前文可知,作者意外发现了“金子”,碰巧发现了这本书。故D项切题。15.Bstill仍然;indeed事实上;normally正常地;hopefully有希望地。这本书对作者产生了积极的影响,所以作者把这本书比喻成了“金子”。所以用indeed来强调这本书对作者自己的价值和意义。故B项切题。能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读A(2019广州调研)Petrolanddieselcarsmaystilldominateourroads,buttheirdaysarenumbered.Arecentuniversitystudyfoundthatcurrentelectriccarscouldbeusedfor87percentofdailycarjourneysintheUS.Thatfigurecouldriseto98percentby2020.Onehurdletothewidespreadadoptionofelectriccarshasbeen“rangeanxiety”—drivers’concernsaboutrunningoutofelectricityonajourney.Whilepetrolstationsareconvenientlylocatedacrossnationalroadsystems,thenecessarynetworkofelectricchargingstationsisstillbeingdeveloped.Thatsaid,chargingpointsarebeingincreasinglymonthroughouttheUSA.Attitudestowardselectricvehicleshavechangedquiteconsiderablyoverthelastfewyears.Notthatlongago,electriccarsweremetwithdistrust,andtheirlargepricetagsdrovecustomersaway.Thankstoimprovementsinbatterycapacity,rechargingtimes,performanceandprice,thecurrentgenerationofelectriccarsisstartingtopersuadecritics.Plugincarswillsoongiveinternalbustionenginemodelsarunfortheirmoney.Aswellasadvancementsontheroad,electricvehiclesaretakingtotheseasandskies.Electricboatsareamongtheoldestmethodsofelectrictravel,havingenjoyedseveraldecadesofpopularityfromthelate19thtotheearly20thcenturybeforepetrolpoweredoutboardmotorstookover.Now,theglobaldriveforrenewableenergysourcesisbringingelectricboatsback.Stepstowardselectricairtravelarealsobeingmade,withAirbusandNASAamongtheorganizationsdevelopingandtestingbatterypoweredplanes.Theexperimentscouldsoonmakemercialelectricflightareality.Electricvehiclesdonotproduceanyemissions.WeretheUStoactonthestudy’sfindingsandreplace87percentofitscarswithelectricvehicles,itwouldreducethenationaldemandforpetrolby61percent.However,becauseoftheproductionprocessesandthegenerationofelectricityrequiredtochargethesevehicles,theycannotclaimtobepletelyemissionfree.Thatsaid,asmanycountriescontinuetoincreasetheiruseofrenewableenergysources,electricvehicleswillbeeevencleaner.1.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.MyDreamCar B.HistoryofElectricCarsC.ProblemswithPetrolCars D.DrivingintotheFuture2.AsusedinParagraph2,theunderlinedword“hurdle”means.

3.Inthepast,whydidmanypeoplerefusetobuytheelectriccars?A.Theywerenotgoodvalue. B.Theywereverypoorlydesigned.C.Theywerenotwidelypromoted. D.Theycouldn’ttravelatahighspeed.4.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A.Tointroducethehistoryofelectrictravel.B.Toexplainwhytheworldneedsmoreelectriccars.C.Toshowwhymorepeoplehaveaninterestinelectriccars.D.Todescribedifferentwayselectricvehiclescanbeused.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了汽油车和柴油车将逐步被电动汽车代替,以及电动交通工具在未来的发展。答案及剖析:1.D标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了汽油车和柴油车将逐步被电动汽车代替,以及电动交通工具在未来的发展。D项“驶向未来”形象地概括了文章的主旨,故选D项。2.B词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“drivers’concernsaboutrunningoutofelectricityonajourney”可知,司机担心在路上没电的问题。因此,这是电动汽车普遍的一个障碍,故选B项。3.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Notthatlongago,electriccarsweremetwithdistrust,andtheirlargepricetagsdrovecustomersaway.”可知,人们是被当时这种电动汽车的价格吓跑的;根据该段中的“Thankstoimprovementsinbatterycapacity,rechargingtimes,performanceandprice,thecurrentgenerationofelectriccarsisstartingtopersuadecritics.”可知,随着电池容量、可充电次数的增加、汽车性能的改善和价格的优化,现在这一代电动汽车已经开始吸引消费者购买了。这说明以前的电动汽车在各方面还不够完善,人们认为不值那个价钱,故选A项。4.D段落大意题。根据第四段中的“electricvehiclesaretakingtotheseasandskies”可知,除了在公路上,其他地方也可以使用电动交通工具,故选D项。B(2019太原高三阶段性测评)InthefarcornerofthefrontyardofalargehouseinFloridarestsanRV—RecreationalVehicle(活动房屋式旅游车),shadedbytreesasclothingonanearbylineswaysinthebreeze.InthisRV,NationalGeographicexplorerThomasCulhaneliveswithhiswife,Enas,almostentirelyoffthegrid—alifestylewithoutrelyingonelectricitysupply.Culhanebeganlivingoffthegridinthelate1990s,whenhewentintothebasementofhisapartmentbuildinginLosAngelesandpulledtheplugthatdeliveredelectricity.Evenearlierthough,hewasfirstinspiredbysustainablelivingduringatripin1970tovisithisrelatives.Hewaseightyearsoldandworriedthathisstayintheirsmallvillagewasgoingtobemiserablebecausehisrelativestoldhimtheyhadnoairconditioningorelectricity—buttheyhadplentyoffreshfruitsfromorchards(果园)andlotsofcolddrinkschilledbytheicystreamfromtheicecapsofthenearbymountain.“Thisisamazing,”saysCulhane.HemetEnaswhenshewaslivinginanecovillageinPortugal.Enassaidshelikedthefeelingofbeinglowimpact,ofbeingvirtuallyharmlesstotheearth.Culhanewasimpressedandfellinlovewithher.Thecouplegotmarried,livingonthesamepropertythattheycurrentlyhave.Theymovedintotheirfirsthometogether—anRVwhichtheypromptlytookpletelyoffgrid.InsidetheirRV,CulhaneandEnashavehotshowers,aworkinggasstove,arefrigerator,awashingmachineandabigscreenTV.Theyusegascreatedbytheironsitebiodigesters(生物煮解器)tocookonagaspoweredstove.Theyalsouseenergycreatedbythebiodigesterstoheattheirbathwater.Theyfeedthebiodigestersusingtheirownfoodwaste—atnoadditionalcosttotheearth.Sometimesonweekends,theRVisturnedintoaclassroom.Thecouplehostworkshopstoletthemunitymembersandstudentsknowlivinganoffgridlifeisgettingeasierandteachthemhowtorespectandcoexistpeacefullywiththeenvironment.5.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?A.Addsomebackgroundinformation. B.Summarizethepreviousparagraph.C.Providesomeadviceforthereaders. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.6.WhatattractedCulhanemostwhenhefirstmetEnas?A.Hermarriageproperty. B.Theirmonlifebelief.C.Thebeautyofherecovillage. D.Herexperienceofexploration.7.Whatdothebiodigestersproduce?A.Foodwaste. B.Additionalcosts. C.Greenhousegases. D.Alternativeenergy.8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnRVClassroom B.LivingofftheGridC.GettingClosetoNature D.ProtectingtheEnvironment语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了Culhane和Enas这对夫妇在活动房屋式旅游车中自给自足的生活。答案及剖析:5.A推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可推知,本段主要介绍了Culhane居住在活动房屋式旅游车里之前的一些背景信息。6.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Enassaidshelikedthefeelingofbeinglowimpact,ofbeingvirtuallyharmlesstotheearth.Culhanewasimpressedandfellinlovewithher.”可推知,当Culhane第一次见到Enas的时候,最吸引他的是他们共同的生活信念。7.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theyusegas...toheattheirbathwater.”可知,生物煮解器可产生替代能源。8.B标题归纳题。通读全文内容,尤其是第一段最后一句中的“ThomasCulhaneliveswithhiswife,Enas,almostentirelyoffthegrid—alifestylewithoutrelyingonelectricitysupply”,第二段第一句话中的“Culhanebeganlivingoffthegridinthelate1990s”和最后一段中的“Thecouplehostworkshopstoletthemunitymembersandstudentsknow