2022-2023学年北京顺义区一中高二(上)期中英语试卷及答案

2022北京顺义一中高二（上）期中英语Ⅰ卷第一部分知识运用（共两节，分）第一节完形填空（共10小题，每小题分，满分15分）MolaigrewatinyvillageinIndia.villagewaslocatednearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecondhome.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof____1____therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething____2____happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandcausedgreat____3____,whichhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.____4____,thenumberofsnakeshaddecreasedaswell.He____5____thatitwasbecausethereenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.Thesolution,ofcourse,wasplanttreestheanimalscouldseek____6____duringthedaytime.Heturnedtheforestdepartmenthelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.Molaiwentlookingonhisownand____7____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.youngplantsindryseasonwas____8____foraloneMolaibuiltatthetopofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto____9____Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)onplantsMolai_____10_____planttreesthenext37years.Hishaveresulted1,360acres(英亩)ofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.1.A.nature2.A.valuable3.A.wasteB.youthC.cultureC.worryingC.painD.knowledgeD.embarrassedD.damageB.interestingB.tensionB.HoweverB.realizedB.partnersB.discoveredB.illegal4.A.Besides5.A.agreed6.A.directions7.A.rebuilt8.A.toughC.ThereforeC.rememberedC.helpD.OtherwiseD.predictedD.shelterC.leftD.managedD.beneficialD.collectC.fantasticC.heat9.A.prevent10.A.returnedB.reduceB.learnedC.continuedD.failed第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题分，满分15分）(A)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Foraherder放牧人)inAfrica,thehardestpartofthejobissearchingforcattle(lose)inthebush.ButforaherderatafarminZimbabwe,aproblem.Oncehe____12____(spot)heknowstherestoftheherdisbecauseanordinarymemberoftheherd.aInhotcattlerestintheshadeunderhisbecauseofhis____13____(high),canspotlionslongbeforetheycomeclose____14____theherd.(B)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ihadneverfeltanearthquakeuntillastweek.Therewasasmallearthquake____15____couldhardlyevenbecalledearthquake.Iwasnotreally____16____(frighten).theearthmovelikethatjuststrange.Ofcourse,itlastedonlyafewseconds.Ihavespokenthelocalpeoplesincetheeventandtherewerenoinjuriesordamagedonebyit.Butifithadbeenarealearthquake,IthinkIwouldhavefeltquite____17____(different).(C)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Inancienttimes,peopleheldnaturein(敬畏).Forexample,theAmericanIndians____18____(believe),“Humansareapartofnatureandnatureapartofhumans”.ashumanbeingsmastermoreknowledge,peopletrytochangenature.Theyusemoreland____19____(make)buildingsandcapturesomewildanimalstosuittheirownneeds.Inthisprocess,humansgraduallylosecontactwithnatureandeventhrowofbalance.Pleaseremember:Natureisnottheplacetovisit.____20____(we)home.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，分）第一节（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）阅读下面短文，从各题、B、、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。ANewJerseyBotanicalGardenMembershipeasyjoinNewJerseyBotanicalGarden(NJBG)Membershiprenewyourmembershiponline,byphoneorbymail.importanttoBotanicalGarden!membershipdollarshelptoimprovetheGarden,andprovideeducationalandrecreational(娱乐的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.Thankyouforyoursupport!joinorpleaseclickontheappropriatesectionandmembershipcategorybelowforsafeandconvenientonlinepaymentprocessingbyPayPal.Ifyoupreferjoinbyphoneormail,calltheNJBGat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendinourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatfile).★JoinNJBGMembershipCategoryAnnualDuesIndividual$35Dual(两人共用)Student$25$60Special:Save$5with$60$100$40BiennialDues(两年会费)★RenewMembershipMembershipCategoryAnnualDuesIndividual$30Dual$50Student$25Special:Save$5with$50$80$40BiennialDuesTheBotanicalGardenstartedlifeasSkylands,aareainthegrandItisfamousa44-roomRevivalgranitemansion(公馆)designedbyJohnRussellPope.Skylandshas96acresofformalandnaturalizedgardensandissurroundedbyover1,000acresofmeadows(草坪)andwoodlands.PurchasedbyStatein1966andofficiallynamedastheNewJerseyBotanicalGarden1984,gardenscontainapproximately5,000speciesandvarietiesoftreesandflowers.Foryou,theNJBGisanexcitingandbeautifulplacetovisitwhereyoumayenjoyeachbest.Membersenjoyspecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducationalopportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners.NJBGmembershipyoudiscountsparticipatingnurseries,gardencentersandotherfinebusinesses.SimplypresentyourNJBGmembershipcardwhenbeginningyourpurchase:·BrookFarmandGarden(201)652-754010%yourpurchase·MetropolitanPlantExchange,(973)638-761312%yourpurchase·Rohsler’sAllendaleNursery&Florist,(201)327-315615%yourpurchase21.TheNJBGmembershipdollarscanbeusedto___________.A.furthereducationC.providebetterserviceB.updateonlinepaymentD.protecttheenvironment22.joinNJBGmembership,youcancallits___________.A.(201)327-3156C.(973)962-9534B.(201)652-7540D.(973)638-761323.renewone-yearmembershipyourparents,youneedpay___________.A.$50B.$60C.$80D.$10024.NewJerseyBotanicalGarden___________.A.wasofficiallynamedin1966B.wasdesignedbyJohnRussellPopeC.invitesmemberstoactivitiesD.givesmembersdiscountsfortheirpurchaseBJohnOtwayJohnOtwayhasbeenplayingmusicandmakingrecordsintheUKformorethan40years.Overtheyearshehasreleasedmorethantenalbums.Hehasplayedhundredsofconcerts.Hehaswrittentwoautobiographies.Hehasworkedwithsomeofthebestmusiciansandhehasevenmadeafilmabouthislife.Butdespiteallofthis,mostpeoplehaveneverheardofhim.Otwayreleasedhisfirstrecordin1972,butitwasthePunkMovementafewyearslaterthatreallygavehimhisbigchance.Otwaythegreatestmusicianbuthissongswerealwaysfun,andhisperformancesonstagewerealwaysentertaining-therewasagoodchancehewouldfallthestageleastonceThepunkslikedhim,and1977hehadasmallhitwhenhissingleReallyFreemadeitto27intheUKtop40charts.Otwayreallyenjoyedhissuccessbutnomorecame.Notoneofhisrecordsoverthenext30yearswasaAlthoughheneverhadmuchcommercialsuccess,Otwayhadalotofveryloyalfans.Whensomeoneaskedhimwhathewouldlikeforhis50thhisreply“Asecondhit.”HisfanswentoutandboughtasmanycopiesofthenewsingleBunsenBurnertheycould.AndinOctober2002,Otwayfinallysawhiswishcometrue.InachartthatfeaturedinternationalsuperstarslikePink,andOasis,BunsenBurnerittoNo.9.Manyhighstreetshopsrefusedtoselltherecord,sayingthatOtwaywastoooldandunattractivetheteenagemarket.Otwaycare.HecelebratedhissuccesswithanappearanceonbiggestmusicshowofthePops.ThesedaysJohnOtwaycontinuestoplayhismusicaroundtheandtherearealwaysplentyofpeoplewhoarehappygoandwatchhimperform.agreatexampleanyonelovesmakingmusic.havebeyoung,good-looking(orevenverytalented)toenjoyalongcareerinthemusicbusiness.25.Fromparagraph1,weknowthat________.A.JohnOtwayhasreleasedhundredsofalbumsB.JohnOtwayneverworkedwithbestmusiciansC.JohnOtwayhaswrittenhundredsofautobiographiesD.JohnOtwayisnotwell-knownintheasamusician26.JohnOtwaysawhiswishcometruewhenhereleased________.A.ReallyFreeB.BunsenBurnerD.hisfirstrecordC.ofthePops27.WhyweresomestreetshopsunwillingtosellhissingleBunsenBurner?A.Theythoughtitwasterrible.B.Itaverybighit.C.JohnOtwaywantthemhaveD.Theythoughtteenagerswouldnotliketobuyit.28.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Musicianshavetobeyoungandattractive.B.Successimportantinourlife.C.shouldbedeterminedtodowhatwelove.D.MusiciansdomuchbetterastheygetCGarbagecansarenotmagicalopenings.Garbagedoesdisappearwhenyouthrowitinacan.theaverageAmericanthrowsawayabout1,600poundsofwasteeachIftherearenomagicalgarbagefairies,wheredoesitallgo?Therearefourmethodsofmanagingwaste:recycling,landfilling,composting,andincinerating.Eachmethodhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses.Let'stakeaquicklookateach.Recyclingisprocessofturningwasteintonewmaterials.example,usedpapercanbeturnedintopaperboard,whichcanbeusedtomakebookcovers.Recyclingcanreducepollution,savematerials,andloweruse.somethatrecyclingwastesTheybelievethatcollecting,processing,andconvertingwasteusesmorethanitsaves.Still,mostpeopleagreethatrecyclingisbetterfortheplanetthanlandfilling.Landfillingistheoldestmethodofmanagingwaste.simplestform,landfillingiswhenpeopleburygarbageinahole.Overtimethepracticeoflandfillingadvanced.Garbageissqueezed(挤压)togetherbeforeitisthrownintothehole.Inthiswaymoregarbagecanfiteachlandfill.linersareplacedinthebottomoflandfillssothatpoisonousgarbageliquiddoesn'tgetintothegroundtheselinersdon'talwayswork.LandfillsmaypollutethelocalwaterNottomentionthatallofthatgarbagesmellshorrible.Nobodywantstolivenextalandfill.Thismakesithardtofindnewlocationsforlandfills.Becauseofallthenegativeattentionthatlandfillinghasreceived,interestincompostinghasgrown.Compostingiswhenpeoplepileupsuchasfoodwaste,andallowitdecompose.Theproductofthisdecompositioniscompost.Compostcanbeaddedtothesoiltomakethesoilricherandbetterforgrowingcrops.Onethingthatiseasierdoisburninggarbage.Theretwomainwaystoincineratewaste.firstistocreateorharvestafuelfromthewaste,suchasmethanegas(沼气),burnthefuel.secondistoburnthewasteTheheatfromtheincinerationprocesscanboilwhichcanpowersteamgenerators.burninggarbagepollutestheAlso,criticsworrythatincineratorsdestroyvaluableresourcesthatcouldberecycled.thecommunitywhichyoulivemanageswaste.Onceyouputyourgarbageinthatcan,whathappensbeyondyourcontrol.Butyoucanmakechoiceswhileitisstillinyourhands.canchooserecycle,youcanchoosetocompost,oryoucanchooseletsomeoneelsedealwithit.Thechoiceisyours.29.Whydoestheauthormentionmagicalgarbagefairiesinthefirstparagraph?A.creativelysupporthisargumentwithevidence.B.pointthatgarbagedoesn'tdisappearitself.C.makethelanguageattractivepleasereaders.D.drawattentiontokindsofgarbagethrown30.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Somethinkrecyclingisawasteoftime.B.Incinerationmaydestroyrecyclableresources.C.Findingnewlocationsisthefocusoflandfilling.D.Thepurposeofacompostpileistomakesoilrich.31.Accordingtothepassage,landfilling_____________________.A.involvesburyinggarbageinaholeC.squeezesgarbagetogetherB.reducesthehorriblesmellsD.protectsgroundwater32.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magic:BringingBackWhatOnceLostB.Dealwiththegarbage:WhichisBestforC.MethodsofManagement:AdvantagesandDisadvantagesD.DoPart:HowtoSavetheEarthbyRecyclingCompostingDAnewstudypublishedintheNationalAcademyofSciencesprovidesameasureofhowfar“deepfake”technologyprogressed.Theresultssuggestthatrealhumanscaneasilyfallformachine-generatedfaces.foundthatAI-generatedfacesarehighlyrealistic,”saysstudyco-authorHanyFarid,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Theresultraisesconcernsthat“thesefacescouldbehighlywhenusedforcriminalpurposes.”Thesynthetic(合成的)facesforthisstudyweredevelopedinback-and-forthinteractionsbetweentwoneuralnetworks.Oneofthenetworks,calledaproducedanevolvingseriesofsyntheticfaceslikeastudentworkingprogressivelythroughroughdrafts.Theothernetwork,knownasatrainedonrealimagesandthengradedthegeneratedoutputbycomparingitwithdataonactualfaces.Thegeneratorbegantheexercisewithrandompixels(像素).feedbackfromtheitgraduallyproducedrealistichumanlikefaces.thediscriminatorwasunabletotellarealfacefromafakeone.Aftercollecting400realfacesmatched400syntheticversions,theresearchersasked315peopletoseparaterealfromfakeamongaselectionof128oftheimages.Anothergroupof219participantsgottrainingandfeedbackabouthowtospotfakesastheytriedtoseparatethefaces.Thefirstgroupdidnotdobetterthanacointosstellingrealfacesfromfakeones,withanaverageaccuracyof48.2percent.secondgroupfailedshowdramaticimprovement,receivingonlyabout59percent,evenwithfeedbackaboutthoseparticipants’choices.Theresearcherswerenotexpectingtheseresults.findingaddstoconcernsabouttheaccessibilityoftechnologythatmakesitpossibleforjustaboutanyonetocreatemisleadingstillimages.Anotherconcernisthatsuchfindingswillcreatetheimpressionthatdeepfakeswillbecomecompletelyundetectableandasaresult,scientistsmightgiveupontryingtodevelopcountermeasures(对策)todeepfakes.Theresearchersendwithastraightforwardconclusionafteremphasizingthatmisleadingusesofdeepfakeswillcontinuetoposeathreat:therefore,encouragethosedevelopingthesetechnologiestoconsiderwhethertheassociatedrisksaregreaterthantheirbenefits.Ifso,thenwediscouragethedevelopmentoftechnologysimplybecauseitispossible.”33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheexamplesofdeepfakeB.differencesbetweenthetwonetworks.C.tellarealfacefromafakeone.D.Theprocessofproducingthesyntheticfaces.34.advantageofdeepfakehumansmay_______.A.createrealfacesB.spotfakeimagesC.commitvariouscrimesD.makedetectivetools35.Accordingtothepassage,thefindingsofthestudy_______.A.mightinspirescientistsdevelopcountermeasurestodeepfakesB.provedtrainingcouldhelpparticipantstotellrealfromfakegreatlyC.matchedtheresearchers’expectationsofabilitytospotfakesD.showedhumanscouldeasilybemisguidedbymachine-generatedfaces36.Howdoresearchersfeelaboutdeepfaketechnology?A.Excited.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.D.Confused.第二节4小题，每小题2分，满分8分）阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。Everyyearmoreofustryandreduceourimpactontheplanet.Arefillshop,orzerowasteshop,givesyouachoicetogogreen.Refillshopsbesmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.Mostofthetimetheywillbedryoneslikericeandnutsproduceddirectlyinthelocalsites,whichmeanslesscarbonfootprintfromfarmplate.Theycanalsobemanyothersustainable(可持续的)products,likerefillcleaningproductsandsoaps.Shoppersonlyneedbringcontainerstheyalreadyownandrefillthemfromcontainersinthestore.Refillandzero-wasteshopsareusuallylocatedincommunities.Buyingfromwithinwalkingdistance,ismoresustainableandkindertotheplanet,andyourIfyou’rewalkingdownthestreetyourlocalrefillshop,thenyou’redoinggreatbutifyou’redrivinghoursawaytofindyourclosestshop,thenthetransportmaycanceloutanybenefitsofwhatyouthewholeprocessnotjusttheendproduct.Perhapsthemostsignificantaspectofshoppingatlocalrefillshopsisthattheyencourageustothinkaboutourconsumer()habits.Theymakeuspauseandthinkabouthowwecanmakepositivechangestheenvironment.Ifyoucanshoplocalandindependentrefillshops,thenyoushould.Ithavebeallthetimebutminimizingwasteandchoosingrefillswhereyoucanmakeapositivedifference.37.Whatarerefillshops?(不超过12词)________________________________________________________________________________38.Whatisthemostimportantvalueofrefillshopping?(不超过20)________________________________________________________________________________39.Whyarerefillshopsbuiltincommunitieswithinwalkingdistance?(不超过7个单词)________________________________________________________________________________40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(3个单词)________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ卷第三部分词汇运用（共10分）（一）根据句意及所给的竹字母及中文提示，写出该单词的正确形式，并将完整单词写在答1分，共6分）41.Environmentexpertsthinkr__________(回收)plasticbagsisreallyimportanttoallofus.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)42.Somethinggavemethestrengthtoo__________()the(根据中英文提示单词拼写)43.Heisrude.Suchana__________态度)isunacceptablemostteachers.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)44.Ihadalreadytakenstepstospeedupas__________(解决办法)totheproblem.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)45.Anyactorwilltellyouthatitiseasiertop__________(表演)thanbethemselves.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)46.Theywouldrathers__________(奋斗)forpeace.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)1分，共4分）选词填空taketakeaction,takepartin,makedreamcometrue,comeupwith47.I’ll__________theimportantactivityandIamsureIwilllearnalotfromit.48.needmoretimehowthingsdevelopbefore__________.49.wecan__________ourownideasandlearnmorethroughdiscussion.aresupposedto__________yourowngrowth.第四部分：书面表达（20分）51.假设你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华，你校将在下周五举办“校园环保日”（CampusGreenLivingDayJim写封邮件，邀请他参加你所选择的活动。邮件的内容包括：1.介绍你选择的活动内容；2.说明参加该活动的理由；3.询问是否愿意参加该活动。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua参考答案Ⅰ卷第一部分知识运用（共两节，分）【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.B8.A9.D10.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A.nature自然；B.youth青春，年轻；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知识。根据常识可知，湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人担心的事情。A.valuable珍贵的；B.interesting有趣的；C.worrying令人担心的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据该段后半部分可知，洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人担心。故选。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A.waste废物；B.tension紧张；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage损害，伤害。根据语境及常识可知，洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。【4题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据“aswell”可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开，而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.agreed同意；B.realized意识到；C.remembered记住，记起；D.predicted预测。根据后文“thatwasbecausethereenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.”可知，Molai意识到鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help帮助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。根据常识可知，树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered发现；C.left离开；D.managed设法做成。根据前面的“lookingonhisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他“发现”了一个小岛。故选B。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.tough困难的；B.illegal非法的；C.fantastic极好的；D.beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.prevent阻止；B.reduce减少；C.heat加热；D.collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A.returned返回；learned学会；C.continued继续；D.failed失败。根据后文“Hishaveresultedin1,360acres(英亩)ofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.”可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他会“继续”种树。故选C。第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题分，满分15分）【答案】lost12.spots13.height14.【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，在非洲的津巴布韦，一头长颈鹿与牛群生活在一起，同吃同住，相处得非常和谐。【题详解】考查形容词。句意：对于非洲的牧民来说，工作中最困难的部分是寻找迷失在丛林中的牛群。由“Oncehe___2__(spot)heknowstherestoftheherdisnearby”可知，此处表示“工作中最困难的部分是寻找迷失在丛林中的牛群”，空格处意为“迷失的”，用形容词作后置定语，修饰cattle，“迷失的”的形容词是lost，故填lost。【12题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一旦发现，它就知道其他牛群就在附近。由knows可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语he是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填spots。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：由于它的身高，可以在狮子接近牛群之前就发现它们。his后用名词作介词of的宾语，high的名词是height，意为“身高”，是不可数名词，故填height。【14题详解】考查介词。句意：由于它的身高，可以在狮子接近牛群之前就发现它们。comeclose是固定短语，意为“接近”，因此空格处是介词to，故填to。【答案】15.that##which16.frightened17.differently【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在上周经历了一次小地震之后的感想。【15题详解】考查定语从句。句意：发生了一场小地震，几乎不能称之为地震。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词asmallearthquake指的是物，所以此处使用thatwhichthat/which。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：我并不是真的害怕。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，frighten的形容词为frightening意为“令人害怕的”和frightened意为“感到害怕的”，结和句意可知，此处表示的是“感到害怕的”。故填frightened。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：但如果这是一场真正的地震，我想我会有完全不同的感觉。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，different的副词为differently意为“不同地”符合句意。故填differently。【答案】18.believed19.tomake20.our【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了人与自然应该和谐相处。【18题详解】考查时态。句意：例如，美洲印第安人认为，“人类是自然的一部分，自然也是人类的一部分”。根据文章时间状语Inancienttimes可知，用一般过去时态。故填believed。【19题详解】考查不定式。句意：他们用更多的土地建造建筑物，捕获一些野生动物以满足自己的需要。usesth.todosth.用某物做某事。故填make。【20题详解】考查代词。句意：它是我们的家园。名词home前用形容词性物主代。故填our。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，分）第一节（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D【分析】本文是一则广告，文章介绍了办理NJBG会员的费用、程序、联系方式和好处。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的membershipdollarshelptoimprovetheGarden,andprovideeducationalandrecreational娱乐的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.可知，你的会员美元有助于改善花园，并为公众提供教育和娱乐活动。由此可知，NJBG会员美元可以用来提供更好的服务。故C项正确。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Ifyouprefertojoinbyphoneormail,calltheNJBGat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatPDFfile).可知，如果您想通过电话或邮件加入，请致电NJBG办公室(973)962-9534或下载并发送我们的会员手册（AdobeAcrobatPDFC项正确。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据RenewMembershipAnnualDues一栏对应的Dual数值是$50可知，为父母续签一年的会员资格需要花费$50。故A项正确。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据最后部分中10%yourpurchase，12%yourpurchase和15%yourpurchase可知，新泽西植物园在会员购买时能够打折。故D项正确。【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇广告，介绍了办理NJBG会员的费用、程序、联系方式和好处。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如forexample,first,second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题4根据PurchasedbytheStatein1966andofficiallynamedastheNewJerseyBotanicalGarden1984,可知，新泽西植物园被官方命名的时间是1984A项错误。根据Itisfamousa44-roomRevivalgranitemansion(公馆)designedbyJohnRussellPope.JohnRussellPope设计的是Revivalgranitemansion不是新泽西植物园，B项错误。根据Membersenjoyspecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducationalopportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners可知，会员们可以在新泽西植物园参加活动，而不是组织活动。C项错误。根据最后部分中10%yourpurchase，12%yourpurchase和15%yourpurchase可知，新泽西植物园在会员购买时能够打折，故D项正确。【答案】25.D26.B27.D28.C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国音乐家JohnOtway虽然在英国演奏音乐和制作唱片超过40年，但是毫无名气。文章说明了JohnOtway从事音乐家以来的事迹，虽然JohnOtway没有名气但是他忠于自己喜爱的事业没有放弃。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Butdespiteallofthis,mostpeoplehaveneverheardofhim.可知尽管如此，大多数人从未听说过他。由此可知，JohnOtway在英国作为音乐家并不出名。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中HisfanswentoutandboughtasmanycopiesofthenewsingleBunsenBurnertheycould.October2002,Otwayfinallysawhiswishcometrue.可知他的粉丝们出去买了尽可能多的BunsenBurner专辑。2002年10月，Otway的愿望终于实现了。由此可知，当JohnOtwayBunsenBurner专辑后，他的愿望实现了。故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Manyhighstreetshopsrefusedselltherecord,sayingthatOtwaywastoooldandunattractivetheteenagemarket.可知许多商业街的商店拒绝出售这张唱片，说奥特威唱片太老了，对青少年市场没有吸引力。由此可知，一些街头商店不愿意卖他的BunsenBurner专辑，因为他们认为青少年不会愿意买。故选D。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容主要讲述了英国音乐家JohnOtway虽然在英国演奏音乐和制作唱片超过40年，但是毫无名气。文章说明了JohnOtway从事音乐家以来的事迹，虽然JohnOtway没有名气但是他忠于自己喜爱的事业没有放弃。可知由此可推知，从这篇文章中我们能了解到，我们应该下定决心去做我们喜欢做的事。故选C。【答案】29.B30.B31.A32.C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了垃圾处理的四种方法及其优缺点。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Iftherearenomagicalgarbagefairies,wheredoesitallgo?Garbagedoesnotdisappearwhenyouthrowitinacan.（如果没有魔法垃圾仙子，它们都去哪了?你把垃圾扔进垃圾桶它是不会消失的）”可推断，作者提出魔法垃圾仙子为了指出垃圾不会自己消失，从而引出下文垃圾的四种处理方式。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Also,somecriticsworrythatincineratorsdestroyvaluableresourcesthatcouldberecycled.值的可回收资源。故选B项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Initssimplestform,landfillingiswhenpeopleburygarbageinahole.（最简单A项。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Therearefourmethodsofmanagingwaste:recycling,landfilling,composting,andincinerating.Eachmethodhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses.（有四种处理废物的方法：回收、填埋、堆肥圾处理的四种方法及其优缺点。C项“处理垃圾的方法：优点和缺点”课作为本文标题。故选C项。【答案】33.D34.C35.D36.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是美国国家科学院(NationalAcademyofSciences)发表的一项新研究为“深度造假”技术的发展提供了一个衡量标准。研究结果表明，真实的人类很容易被机器生成的面孔所迷惑。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Thesyntheticfacesthisstudyweredevelopedback-and-forthinteractionsbetweentwoneuralnetworks.Oneofthenetworks,calledaproducedanevolvingseriesofsyntheticfaceslikeastudentworkingprogressivelythroughroughdrafts.othernetwork,knownasatrainedonrealimagesandthengradedthegeneratedoutputbycomparingitwithdataonactualfaces.(该研究的合成人脸是在两个神经网络之间的来回交互中开发的。其中一个被称为“生成器”的网络产生了一系列不断进化的合成面孔，就像一个学生逐步完成草稿一样。另一个网络被称为鉴别器，它以真实的图像为训练对象，然后通过与真实面孔的数据进行比较，对生成的输出进行分级)”可知，第二段主要讲的是合成人脸的生产过程。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Theresultraisesconcernsthat“thesefacescouldbehighlywhenusedforcriminalpurposes.”(这一结果引发了人们的担忧，即“这些人脸在用于犯罪目的时可能非常有效。”)”可知，利用深度造假技术，人类可能犯下各种罪行，故选。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Thefirstgroupdidnotdobetterthanacointossattellingrealfacesfromfakeones,withanaverageaccuracyof48.2percent.secondgroupfailedtoshowdramaticimprovement,receivingonlyabout59percent,evenwithfeedbackaboutthoseparticipants’choices.(第一组在辨别真假面孔方面的表现并不比扔硬币好，平均准确率为48.2%。第二组没有表现出显著的改善，只有大约59%的准确率，即使是获得了关于参与者的选择的反馈)”可知，根据文章，这项研究的发现表明人类很容易被机器生成的面孔误导，故选D。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Thefindingaddstoconcernsabouttheaccessibilityoftechnologythatmakesitpossibleforjustaboutanyonetocreatemisleadingstillimages.Anotherconcernisthatsuchfindingswillcreatetheimpressionthatdeepfakeswillbecomecompletelyundetectableandasaresult,scientistsmightgiveupontryingtodevelopcountermeasurestodeepfakes.(这一发现增加了人们对技术可用性的担忧，因为几乎任何人都有可能制造出具有误导性的静止图像。另一个担忧是，这样的发现会给人留下这样的印象，即深度造假将完全无法被探测到，因此，科学家可能会放弃尝试开发应对深度造假的对策)”可知，研究人员对深度造假技术的态度是担心的，故选B。第二节4小题，每小题2分，满分8分）【答案】37.Refillshopsaresmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.38.Themostimportantvalueofrefillshoppingisthatencouragesustothinkaboutourconsumerhabits.39.Becausethey’remoresustainableandenvironmentally-friendly.40.Arefillshop/Zerowasteshop.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是零浪费店为环保所做出的努力和贡献。【37题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Refillshopstendbesmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.(零浪费店往往是小型的，独立的商店，出售非包装商品。)”可知，零浪费店是出售非包装商品的小型独立商店。故答案是Refillshopsaresmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.【38题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Perhapsthemostsignificantaspectofshoppingatlocalrefillshopsisthattheyencourageustothinkaboutourconsumer(消费)habits.(也许在当地的零浪费店购物最重要的一点是，它们鼓励我们思考我们的消费习惯。)”可知，零浪费店最重要的价值在于它鼓励人们去思考消费习惯。故答案是Themostimportantvalueofrefillshoppingisthatitencouragesusthinkaboutourconsumerhabits.【39题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Refillandzero-wasteshopsareusuallylocatedincommunities.Buyingfromwithinwalkingdistance,ismoresustainableandkindertotheplanet,andyour零浪费商店通常位于社区。显然，在步行距离内购买更可持续发展，对地球和你的社区更友好。)”可知，零浪费店经常健在社区，使得就可以步行去购物，这样对地球和社区更友好，由此可知，零浪费店建在步行可达的社区是因为他们更可持续发展和环保。故答案是Becausethey’remoresus