外研版英语选修八讲义Module6TheTangPoemsSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandVocabulary-ComprehendingWord版含答案

“好雨知时节，当春乃发生。随风潜入夜，润物细无声”。“诗圣”杜甫的这首脍炙人口的《春夜喜雨》如今已经被译成英文出现在伦敦的地铁站里。ChinesePoemsWentUnderground“Agoodrainknowsitspropertime；itwaitsuntilthespringtofall.Itdrifts(漂流；漂移)inonthewind,stealsinbynight;itsfinedropsdrench(淋透),yetmakenosoundatall.”Thewell－knownpoem，writtenbythepoetDuFu，wasoneofthefamouspoemsthatlandedinLondon.OtherpoemsfromLiBaiandBaiJuyihavealsobeenenjoyedbytheBritishpublic.Atthesametime,someBritishpoems,includingthepoeticworksfromfamousWilliamWordsworthandWilliamBlake,havedecoratedShanghai’ssubwaysystem.AtasimpleceremonyheldatBritain’sNationalLibrary,theGeneralManagerofLondonUndergroundwrotethetitleoftheChinesepoemwithabrushpen，atraditionalartpeninancientChina.ThisaddedtotheChineseatmosphereintheLondonsubway.TheideatoexchangepoetrywasonepartoftheChina­BritainCulturalExchange.AnofficialfromtheBritishEmbassyinChinaintroducedtheideatoexchangepoetryasonepartoftheSino­BritainCulturalExchange.Chinesepoemsaresetto(被指定做某事)decorateLondon’sUndergroundsoon.Atthesametime,someBritishpoemswillsoondecorateShanghai’ssubwaysystem.SectionⅠIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—prehending重点单词写作词汇1.farewelln． 告别2.partv． 分手；分离3.dynastyn． 朝；代4.shadown． 影子，阴影5.sharev. 分享，共享拓展词汇6.acquaintancen．相识的人；泛泛之交→acquaintv．相识；了解7.advancen．进步；进展→advancedadj.先进的；高级的8.failuren．失败者→failvi.失败；不及格9.sufferingn．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；苦难→suffervt.&vi.遭受10.irregularadj.不规则的；无规律的→regularadj.有规律的；规则的11.mentaladj.内心的；精神上的→physicaladj.身体的(反义词)阅读词汇12.barv． 摒除；阻挡13.seedn. 种子14.expansionn. 扩张15.tolerantadj. 宽容的；容忍的16.astronomyn. 天文学17.altituden. 高度；海拔18.specialistn． 专家19.merchantn. 商人20.realistn. 现实主义作家21.romanticn. 浪漫主义作家22.reflectionn. 倒影重点短语1.asfaras 远到，远至；就……而言2.atone’shighpoint 在……鼎盛时期3.beknownas 作为……而出名4.thinkof...as... 把……看作……5.takeholdof 抓住6.atthesametime 与此同时重点句型1.强调句型：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...：Itwasonlyinthe11thcenturythat(只有在11世纪)hispoeticgeniuswasrecognised.2.notas/so...as...不和……一样：Ashewasnotsosuccessfulassomeoftheotheryoungmen(没有同其他年轻人一样取得成功)ofhistimeintheCivilServiceExaminationtobeeagovernmentofficial，hebeganalifeoftravelandpoetry，writingmorethanathousandpoems.3.while引导的状语从句的省略：连词＋doing/done：Itissaidthathedrownedwhenhefellintoariverwhiletryingtotakeholdof(当试图抓住)thereflectionoftheMoon.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)Readthetextandmatchthemainideaofeachparagraph.1．Para.1 A．LiBai2．Para.2 B．DuFu3．Para.3 C．Technologyandprogress4．Para.4 D．Tangpoetry5．Para.5 E．Anexcitingculture6．Para.6 F．Agreatdynasty答案：1－6.FECDBAeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheSilkRoadintheTangDynasty?A．TheTangrulerscontrolleditwellintopresent­dayPersia.B．TheTangrulerscontrolleditwellintopresent­dayArabia.C．TheTangrulerscontrolleditwellintopresent­dayRussia.D．TheTangrulerscontrolleditwellintopresent­dayAfghanistan.2．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________．A．theoriginsofBuddhismwereinJapanB．manyforeignerswerenotallowedtoliveinChinaintheTangDynastyC．thebiggestforeigninfluencecamefromEuropeD．cultureandtechnologywerewelldevelopedintheTangDynasty3．LotsofpeopleintheTangDynastybecameinterestedinpoetrybecausetheywantedto_______.A．befamouspoetsB．getagoodjobinthegovernmentC．makemoremoneyD．winmuchrespect4．Fromthepassagewelearnthat________．A．LiBaiwassuccessfulwhenhewasyoungB．LiBaipaintedarealisticpictureoftheproblemsofhisageC．DuFuandLiBaididn’tliveinthesametimeD．LiBaididn’tdowellintheCivilServiceExamination答案：1－4.DDBDeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Theywereallowedtoliveinmunitiesgovernedbytheirownlaws,andtokeeptheirtraditionalformsofentertainmentsuchasmusicanddance,whichinfluencedthedevelopmentofTangculture.eq\a\vs4\al()本句是一个主从复合句。主句中，由and连接的两个并列不定式作主语补足语，其中governedbytheirownlaws为过去分词短语作munities的______，which引导一个_______从句，代指前面的内容。[翻译]他们被允许居住在由他们自己的法律掌管的区域，保持着他们自己的传统娱乐形式，比如音乐和舞蹈，这些也对唐朝文化的发展产生了影响。答案：定语；非限制性定语2．AshewasnotsosuccessfulassomeoftheotheryoungmenofhistimeintheCivilServiceExaminationtobeeagovernmentofficial,hebeganalifeoftravelandpoetry,writingmorethanathousandpoems.eq\a\vs4\al()[翻译]因为不如同时代的其他一些年轻人在科举考试中顺利成为一名政府官员，他便开始了一种游历以及诗歌创作的生涯，写了一千多首诗。答案：原因；伴随①poetryn．[U][总称]诗歌，诗篇poemn．[C]诗，诗歌poetn．[C]诗人②dynasty['dInəsti]n.朝；代③timen．历史时期，时代④expansion[Ik'spænʃn]n.扩张expandv．扩大，增加⑤asfaras远至⑥present­dayadj.当代的，当前的⑦tolerant['tɒlərənt]adj.宽容的；容忍的betolerantof/towards对……宽容的/容忍的⑧cosmopolitan[ˌkɒzmə'pɒlItən]adj.兼容并包的⑨Persian['pɜːʃn]n.波斯人⑩Arab['ærəb]n.阿拉伯人⑪Jew[dʒuː]n.犹太人⑫influencevt.&n．影响；作用haveaninfluenceon对……有影响undertheinfluenceof受到……的影响⑬Buddhism['bʊdIzəm]n.佛教⑭atthesametime与此同时⑮handinhand密切关联，手拉手⑯progressn．进展，发展⑰astronomy[ə'strɒnəmi]n.天文学⑱measurev．&n．测量，量；尺寸，措施make...toone’smeasure依照某人的尺寸做；定做takesomemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事⑲shadow['ʃædəʊ]n.影子，阴影⑳altitude['æltIˌtjuːd]n.高度；海拔atanaltitudeof在……的高度specialist['speʃəlIst]n.专家share[ʃeə]v.分享，共享n．份；分配额markv.标志着syllable['sIləbl]n.音节governv．决定；指导；统治，管理qualificationn．资格chancen．机会eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(achancetodo...,achanceofdoing...))做……的机会be/beeinterestedin...对……感兴趣takeaninterestin...对……感兴趣aswellas“以及”，相当于inadditionto。thinkof...as...把……看作是……failure['feIljə]n.失败者，此处加a，属于抽象名词具体化，表示“一个失败者”。recognisev．承认，公认，认可realisticadj.现实的，现实主义的suffering['sʌfərIŋ]n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；苦难corruption[kə'rʌpʃn]n.腐败；堕落includingprep.包括……在内including＋n.＝n.＋includedbeknownfor因……而著名beknownas作为……而出名beknownto为……所知merchant['mɜːtʃənt]n.商人irregular[I'reɡjʊlə]adj.不规则的；无规律的regularadj.规则的；有规律的；定期的realist['rIəlIst]n.现实主义作家romantic[rəʊ'mæntIk]n.浪漫主义作家trytodosth.试图做某事，努力做某事trydoingsth.试着做某事takeholdof抓住getholdof抓住，握住reflection[rI'flekʃn]n.倒影TheGoldenAgeofChinesePoetry①TheTangDynasty②(618～907)wasoneofthegreatdynastiesinChinesehistory.Itwasatime③ofexpansion④.Atitshighpoint,thecountryreachedasfaras⑤Siberia(nowpartofRussia)inthenorth,KoreaintheeastandVietnaminthesouth.TheTangrulersalsocontrolledthetraderouteknownastheSilkRoadwellintopresent­day⑥Afghanistan.◆过去分词短语knownastheSilkRoad作后置定语，修饰thetraderoute。Tradewithforeigncountriescreatedatolerant⑦andcosmopolitan⑧culture.Persians⑨，Arabs⑩andJews⑪cametoliveinChinesetowns,bringingwiththemtheirownreligionsandcustoms.Theywereallowedtoliveinmunitiesgovernedbytheirownlaws,andtokeeptheirtraditionalformsofentertainmentsuchasmusicanddance,whichinfluenced⑫thedevelopmentofTangculture.ButperhapsthebiggestforeigninfluencecamefromBuddhism⑬，whoseoriginswereinIndia．Atthesametime⑭foreignerswhowereeducatedattheTangcourttooktheChineseculturehomewiththem.SoonJapanandKoreawereorganisedontheTangmodel,whileChineseinfluenceextendedthroughoutSoutheastAsia.◆bringingwiththemtheirownreligionsandcustoms是现在分词短语作伴随状语。◆过去分词短语governedbytheirownlaws作后置定语，修饰munities。◆whoseoriginswereinIndia是whose引导的非限制性定语从句。whoseorigins也可以用theoriginsofwhich来替代。◆whowereeducatedattheTangcourt是who引导的定语从句，修饰foreigners。Culturaldevelopmentwenthandinhand⑮withtechnologicalprogress⑯.Newdiscoveriesweremadeinastronomy⑰，geographyandmedicine.In724SengYixingmeasured⑱thelengthofthesun’sshadow⑲andthealtitude⑳oftheNorthPole.UnderEmperorTaizong(627～649)thegovernmentopenedmedicalschoolswherespecialistsubjectswerestudied．Theinventionofprintingaboutthistimemeantthatknowledgecouldberecordedandsharedasneverbefore.Butitwasnotjustscientificknowledgethatcouldnowreachawideraudience．Printingalsomarkedthebeginningofthegoldenageofliterature—andliterature,intheTangDynasty,meantpoetry.◆wherespecialistsubjectswerestudied是where引导的定语从句，修饰medicalschools。◆thatcouldnowreachawideraudience是that引导的定语从句，修饰scientificknowledge。Inthebeautyofitsimagesandtherangeoftopics,Tangpoetrywasbetterthaneverythingthathadebeforeit．Buthowdidthishappen？Thereisnosingleanswertothequestion.Anexplosionoftalent,andtheappearanceofnewformswerebothimportant.Inthe“NewStyleVerse”whichappearedduringtheTangperiod,eachlinehasfiveorsevensyllables,andtherearelotsofruleswhichgovernthetones．Butbeingabletowritepoetrywasalsoanimportantqualificationforpeoplewhowantedtobeegovernmentofficials．Agoodpoethadabetterchanceofgettingagoodjob.Solotsofpeoplebecameinterestedinpoetry.◆thathadebeforeit是that引导的定语从句，修饰everything。◆whichappearedduringtheTangperiod是which引导的定语从句，修饰the“NewStyleVerse”。◆whichgovernthetones是which引导的定语从句，修饰rules。◆whowantedtobeegovernmentofficials是who引导的定语从句，修饰people。OneofthegreatestoftheTangpoetswasDuFu(712～770)．Asayoungmanhetravelledalotandenjoyedpaintingandmusic,aswellaswritingpoetry.Butduringhislifetimeheneverbecamefamous;infact,hethoughtofhimselfasafailure.Itwasonlyinthe11thcenturythathispoeticgeniuswasrecognised.Sometimesheiscalledthe“poetofhistory”or“themirrorofhistime”becausehepaintsarealisticpictureoftheproblemsoftheageinwhichhelived．Theseincludethesufferingsofthepoor,andthecorruptionoftherich.Healsowritesabouthisownproblems,includinghisson’sdeath.DuFuisalsoknownforhisfriendshipwithLiBai(701～762),anothergreatpoetoftheage.Thetwomenmetin744,andalthoughverydifferent,theybecamefriends.Theyeachwrotepoemstotheother.◆Itwas...that...是强调句式。◆inwhichhelived是inwhich引导的定语从句，修饰theage。◆althoughverydifferent是although引导的省略了theywere的让步状语从句。LiBai,thesonofawealthymerchant,grewupinSichuanProvince.AshewasnotsosuccessfulassomeoftheotheryoungmenofhistimeintheCivilServiceExaminationtobeeagovernmentofficial,hebeganalifeoftravelandpoetry,writingmorethanathousandpoems．Heusedsimple,directlanguageandoftenchoseirregularforms.IfDuFuwasarealist,thenLiBaiwasaromantic.Hewroteaboutnatureandpeoplewiththesamedepthoffeeling.Friendship,thehumancondition,andthepleasuresofwine,arehisfavouritesubjects.ItissaidthathedrownedwhenhefellintoariverwhiletryingtotakeholdofthereflectionoftheMoon.◆writingmorethanathousandpoems是现在分词短语作伴随状语。◆whiletryingto...＝whilehewastryingto...◆Itissaidthat...(＝Peoplesaythat...)据说……中国诗歌的黄金时代唐朝(618～907)是中国历史上最繁盛的朝代之一。这是一个疆域扩张的时代。在其最鼎盛的时候，唐朝的疆域北至西伯利亚(现属俄罗斯)，东至当时的朝鲜，南至越南。唐朝统治者还控制着远至现今阿富汗的贸易线路——丝绸之路。与外国之间的贸易促成了宽容和包罗万象的文化。波斯人、阿拉伯人和犹太人来到唐朝定居，带来了他们自己的宗教信仰和风俗习惯。他们被允许居住在由他们自己的法律掌管的区域，保持着他们自己的传统娱乐形式，比如音乐和舞蹈，这些也对唐朝文化的发展产生了影响。但是或许影响最为深远的外来文化是起源于印度的佛教。与此同时，在唐朝宫廷受过教育的外国人将唐朝文化带回了自己的国家。不久，日本和朝鲜参照了唐朝的统治形式，唐朝的影响遍及东南亚。文化的发展和科技的进步齐头并进。天文学、地理学和医药学都有新的发现。在724年，僧一行测量了日影长度和北极高度。在唐太宗(627～649)时期，官府开办了医药，进行专科研究。大约发明于此时的印刷术意味着人们可以用以前从未有过的方式来记载和分享知识。印刷术不仅使科学知识的传播遍及各地，而且也标志着唐朝的主要文学形式——诗歌的黄金时代的到来。意象优美、题材广泛的唐诗超越了在它之前的所有文学形式。但是唐诗到底是怎样发展起来的呢？这个问题的答案不止一个。天才诗人的涌现和新诗歌形式的出现是两个重要因素。唐朝出现的“新体诗”(格律诗)中，每行五言或七言，对音韵也有严格的规定。若想入朝当官，能够写诗也是一个重要的条件。能写一手好诗就有更好的机会来获得一个好工作。因此很多人都开始对诗歌产生兴趣。杜甫(712～770)是唐朝最伟大的诗人之一。年轻时，杜甫游历过许多地方。他喜欢绘画、音乐和写诗。但在有生之年他一直没有成名；事实上他认为自己是一个失败者。直到11世纪他在诗歌创作上的天赋才被认可。杜甫描绘了他所生活的那个时代的现实画卷，所以，他有时被称为“诗史”或“时代的镜子”。他的诗描写了劳苦大众的苦难和达官贵人的腐败。杜甫也抒写了自己的痛苦，包括他爱子的夭折。杜甫和这一时期另一位伟大诗人李白(701～762)的友谊也为世人所称道。杜甫和李白于744年相识，尽管风格迥异，两人仍然成了朋友，并互赠诗歌。李白是一位富商的儿子，在四川省长大。因为不如同时代的其他一些年轻人在科举考试中顺利成为一名政府官员，他便开始了一种游历以及诗歌创作的生涯，写了一千多首诗。他使用简单而又明快的语言，并且经常选用不规则的形式。如果说杜甫是一个现实主义诗人，那么李白就是一个浪漫主义诗人。他以同样深厚的情感抒写自然和人物。友谊、人们的生活状况以及饮酒的快乐是他最喜欢抒写的主题。据说他在试图抓月亮的影子时掉进江里溺水身亡。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解ATangDynastypoetssangforaboutthreecenturiesindifferenttones.ThereweremanyfamouspoetslivingintheTangperiod,suchasLiBai,DuFu,BaiJuyiandLiShangyin.PoemsoftheTangDynastyeditedintheQingDynastyisacollectionofmorethan48,900poemsthatwerewrittenbyover2,200poets.Butitdidn’tcoverallthepoemsoftheTangDynasty.DuringtheTangDynasty,poemswererecitedwhenloverswalkedunderthemoonlight.Poemswerealsorecitedwhensoldiersfoughtonthebattlefield.Peoplerecitedthemintheopenairorattemplefairs.TangDynastypoetswrotepoemstowinfameandalsotodeveloptheirtemperament(性情).Theypouredoutdeepfeelingsfortheirfriendsandcriticizedinjusticeintheworldthroughpoems.IntheTangDynastyscholarshadtobepoets.Theirreaderswerenotonlypeopleofhighsocialpositionbutalsomonpeople.Poetsrecitedpoems,womensingerssangpoemsandotherranksofpeople,includingoldwomenandchildren,readTangpoems.Thisatmosphereaffectedforeignerswhovisitedthecountryatthattime.Asaresult,Tangpoetrywasintroducedtosomeadjacentcountries,likeJapanandVietnam.TangpoetryisamostbrilliantpageinthehistoryofancientChineseliterature.It’samiracle(奇迹)intheculturalhistoryofmankind.TheTangDynastywasapowerfulempirewithavastterritory.Itinherited(继承)Chinesecivilizationthatwentbacktoancienttimes,wasbinedwiththebestofotherculturesandadoptedthebenefitsofothernationsintheworld.Tangpoetrywasn’ttheonlyspiritualwealthcreatedbytheTangDynastypeople.Philosophyandreligion,handwritingandpainting,andmusicanddanceallgainednewpeaksofdevelopment.Tangpoetry,however,wasthejewelinthecrownanditsgreatestachievement.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过本文，我们可以更深入地了解唐诗的影响力和其对世界文化的贡献。1．Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________．A．onlypeopleintheTangDynastycreatedpoemsB．intotaltherewerefourfamouspoetsintheTangDynastyC．theTangDynastyprobablyexistedforaboutthreecenturiesD．intheTangDynastymostmonpeoplewerepoetsC解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话可推断出C项正确。2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Whythepoetscreatedpoems.B．SomeotherkindsofspiritualwealthintheTangDynasty.C．ThesignificanceandinfluenceoftheTangDynasty.D．TheeditorsofPoemsoftheTangDynasty.D解析：推理判断题。A项在第三段中提到了；B、C两项在最后一段提到了。根据第一段内容可知，文章没有具体交代PoemsoftheTangDynasty这本书是谁编辑的。故选D项。3．Theunderlinedword“adjacent”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”．A．strong B．neighboringC．poor D．richB解析：词义猜测题。根据句中的“likeJapanandVietnam”可推测出，adjacent意为“邻近的”。故B项意思相符。4．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheGreatTangDynastyB．TangDynastyPoetryC．FamousPoetsintheTangDynastyD．TheDevelopmentoftheTangDynastyB解析：标题归纳题。本文主要叙述了唐诗在当时受欢迎的程度和影响力。故B项最适合作标题。BItisquiteapparentthatpetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonrainforest.Withoutitwewouldnothavegrownintoprimates(灵长目动物)．Orwewouldprobablystillbestrugglingtosharpenabronzetoolwhilecrawlingaroundonfourlegsinsearchofmeat.Withoutpetition,Columbuswouldn’thavediscoveredAmericaandEdisonwouldneverhaveinventedthelightbulb.Thefriendship，likeallrelationshipsbetweentwopeople，involvespetition.Itisn’tpetitioninatraditionalsensebecausetherearenogoalstobescoredandnoprizes.Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous(同时的)demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace,orlight—betterexplainsit.Asinnature,highschoollifeisgovernedbyasetoflaws,similartoashortenedversionofDarwin’stheoryofevolution,overpopulation,andpetition.Thereisanabundanceofhighschoolstudentsandtodistinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing(分类)takeplace.Inhighschool,friendshipcoexistswithpetitioneventhoughattimestherelationshipisrough.Infact,insomecircumstances,petitionistoomuchofaburdenforfriendshiptobear,causingittofallapart.Collegeadmissionisthefinalhighschoolobjective.Fouryearsofhardworkistoachievegoodgrades,andastudent’sfateisdeterminednotonlybytheseachievements,butbytherecordsofthousandsofotherseniorstryingtoachievesimilarrecognition.Nevertheless,bynecessity,petitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.Itsetsandimprovesthestandardsineverythingfromsportstoschoolwork.Healthy,friendlypetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbeestoofierce,jealousy(妒忌)cantearfriendshipapart.Yet,despiteallthis,withoutpetition,wewouldbelost.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。5．Whatdoestheecologicaldefinitionmainlyexplain?A．Howfriendspetewitheachother.B．Howtowinthepetition.C．Whattheresultofpetitionis.D．Whatpetitionexactlyis.D解析：细节理解题。分析第二段最后一句“Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous(同时的)demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace，orlight—betterexplainsit.”可知，该句的主干是Perhapstheecologicaldefinitionbetterexplainsit，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“petition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释“theecologicaldefinition”。句意：两个或更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光——这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选D项。6．Accordingtotheauthor，whatcausesthehighschoolstudentstopete?A．Thenumberofthemistoolarge.B．Friendshipisaburdenforthem.C．Theyknowthelawsofnaturewell.D．Theyaredividedintodifferentgroups.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。7．Whichbestdescribestherelationshipoffriendshipandpetition?A．Friendshipisalwaysbasedonpetition.B．Thedegreeofpetitionisvitaltofriendship.C．petitionisterriblyharmfultofriendship.D．petitionisaresultoflostfriendship.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Healthy，friendlypetitioncanhaveonlybenefits，butwhenitbeestoofierce，jealousy(妒忌)cantearfriendshipapart.”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。8．Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“petition”？A．Theresultsofpetitionareoutofcontrol.B．petitionbeesfiercerinhighschool.C．petitioniscertaintohappeninhighschool.D．Friendshipisnotasimportantaspetitioninhighschools.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Nevertheless，bynecessity，petitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.”可知，作者认为高中生活的各个方面存在竞争是必然的。故选C项。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)完形填空Havingagreatcollectionofbooksathomedoesn’tmeanthatyouareapersonofculture.Itcanbejustto1peoplearoundyou.Therearealsomanypeoplewhocannot2somanybooksbecauseofhighprices,sotheyusuallygotoa3andspendhoursreadingsomethingthat4themalot.Readingisveryimportanttoeachofus.Forexample,itisameansofgaining5．Itcanmakethings_6whenwewritepositionsondifferentthemes.Itenablesyoutotalkaboutscience,7youdon’tworkinthisfield,oryoucanexpressyouropinionaboutapoliticalevent,becauseyouhavereadsomething8tothat.Readingoffersusthe9toentertheworldofimagination,andto10therealoneforacoupleofhours.Weetomeetkingsandqueensmanyyearsago,11intheworldoftherichorimaginehowlifewillbeinthefuture.Itgivesusthechancetobeanother12inthestorywereadandtoimaginetheendingofit.Sometimes,we13ourselveswiththepeopleinthestorieswereadandtheymaygiveusa14toourownproblemandtellushowto15incertaincircumstances.Booksareinspiredfromrealitybecauseevenifauthorsareconsideredtobe16differentfrommonpeople,theyareinfact17withthesameproblemsasweallareandsufferlikeus,too.Inconclusion,Iwouldliketosaythat18istheperfectmeanstoenrichourculture.Itmakesusexpresscorrectlyandhavearichvocabulary;itenablesustojoin19indifferentfieldsofinterestand