国际关系学院251二外英语历年考研真题及详解

目录

2005年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2006年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2007年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2008年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解（A卷）

2008年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解（B卷）

2009年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解（A卷）

2010年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2011年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2012年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2013年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2014年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2015年国际关系学院251二外英语考研真题及详解

2005年国际关系学院251二外英语

考研真题及详解

PartⅠ:VocabularyandGrammar(20×1=20%)

Directions:Ineachitem,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwill

mostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Writethe

letterrepresentingyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.

1.Beingnaturally_____animals,catsoftenfindtheirwayinto

dangerousplaces.

A.curious

B.trained

C.tame

D.domestic

【答案】A

【解析】句意：猫天性好奇，经常进入危险的地方。curious好奇

的。trained训练过的。tame驯服的。domestic驯养的。

2.Itwasa_____crossingandmostofthepassengerswereseasick.

A.rough

B.traffic

C.smooth

D.level

【答案】A

【解析】句意：渡海时风浪很大，多数乘客都晕船了。rough风浪大

的。traffic交通。smooth平整的。level平坦的。

3.Youcanavoiddangerby_____thesesimplerules.

A.distinguishing

B.observing

C.conforming

D.sticking

【答案】B

【解析】句意：如果遵守这些简单的规则，你就能避免危险。

observe遵守。distinguish区分。conform遵守；顺从，后面一般接to。

stick坚持，常和to搭配。

4.Civilservantsaresupposedtobepolitically_____serving

governmentsofanypoliticalpartywithequalloyalty.

A.devoted

B.neutral

C.reliable

D.objective

【答案】B

【解析】句意：公务员应该在政治上保持中立，同样忠诚于任何政

党的政府。neutral中立的。devoted忠诚的。reliable可靠的。objective客

观的。

5.Hisswollentonsils_____thedoctor’sviewofhisthroat.

A.assisted

B.blocked

C.altered

D.broadened

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他扁桃体肿大，使医生无法查看他的咽喉。block阻

挡。assist帮助。alter改变。broaden扩大。

6.Ireadtheletteroverandoverandsoon_____ittomemory.

A.trusted

B.carried

C.committed

D.brought

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我一遍又一遍地读这封信，很快我就牢牢记住了。

commitsth.tomemory为固定表达，意为“记住；牢记”。

7.Filmsaresometimesbannedonthe_____thattheyoffendcommon

decency.

A.grounds

B.belief

C.consideration

D.view

【答案】A

【解析】句意：有时候电影遭到禁播，是因为这些电影冒犯了基本

礼节。onthegroundsthat…为固定句式，意为“基于；因为……”。

8.HekeptbeggingmeformoneyforanewbicycleandintheendI

_____.

A.gavein

B.gaveup

C.gaveoff

D.gaveout

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他一直求我给他钱去买一辆新的自行车，最后我让

步了，把钱给了他。givein让步；屈服。giveup放弃。giveoff散发。

giveout分发。

9.ForaweekSykeswasmore_____thanever,onlyemergingfromhis

hiding-placeatnight.

A.hesitant

B.cautious

C.concealed

D.secretive

【答案】B

【解析】句意：一周以来，赛克斯比以往任何时候都更加谨慎，只

有在晚上才会从他的藏身处出来。cautious谨慎的。hesitant迟疑的。

concealed隐藏的。secretive秘密的。

10.TheUnitedNationshasputforwardapeaceplanthatithopeswill

formthe_____fordiscussion.

A.funding

B.foundation

C.basis

D.base

【答案】C

【解析】句意：联合国提出了一个和平计划，并希望该计划能为接

下来的讨论奠定基础。basis基础；根据，主要用于比喻，也指信念、讨

论等的根据。funding提供资金。foundation与basis大致同义，但更具

体，通常指建筑物的地基。base基部；底座。

11.She’sonlysix,butshe’sstilloldenoughtoknowbetterthan

_____intothetraffic.

A.runningout

B.herrunningout

C.torunout

D.runout

【答案】C

【解析】句意：尽管她只有六岁，但她已经懂得不能跑到车流里

去。knowbetterthantodosth.为固定搭配，意为“很明白而不至于做某

事”。

12.It’snogoodwaitingforthebus.We_____.

A.mightaswellwalk

B.mightwellwalk

C.maywalkaswell

D.maywellwalk

【答案】A

【解析】句意：等公交是没用的，我们不妨走回家吧。mightaswell

为固定搭配，意为“不妨做某事”。

13.Much_____ourregret,wewillbeunabletoattendyourwedding.

A.as

B.to

C.for

D.with

【答案】B

【解析】句意：非常遗憾，我们不能参加你们的婚礼。muchtoone’s

regret为固定搭配，意为“非常遗憾”。

14.Therecanbelittledoubt_____shewasoneofthemostoutstanding

writersinherdays.

A.asfor

B.about

C.which

D.that

【答案】D

【解析】句意：毋庸置疑，她就是她那个时代最杰出的作家之一。

therecanbelittledoubtthat…为固定句式，意为“毋庸置疑，……”，后面

接that引导的同位语从句。

15.Herisked_____hishousewhenhiscompanywentbankrupt.

A.losing

C.havinglost

B.tolose

D.tohavelost

【答案】A

【解析】句意：当他公司破产时，他顶着失去房子的风险。risk

doingsth.冒险做某事，为固定搭配。

16.Theword‘family’isusedheretodenotethememberofahousehold

_____.

A.eithertheyarerelatedornot

B.whetherornottheyarerelated

C.neitherornottheyarerelated

D.iftheyarerelatedornot

【答案】B

【解析】句意：词语family指的是家庭成员，不管他们有没有血缘关

系。whetherornot为固定搭配，在这里意为“不论”。

17.NoonewassurprisedatthechangeinBankRate,_____confidently

expectedbyinvestors.

A.hasalreadybeen

B.tohavealreadybeen

C.ithavingalreadybeen

D.ittohavealreadybeen

【答案】C

【解析】句意：没有人惊讶于银行利率的变化，因为这已经被信心

十足的投资者预测到了。两个句子之间没有连词，因此后面的句子为独

立主格，结构为：主语+动词的分词形式。逻辑主语it与系动词为主动关

系，故用havingbeendone结构。

18.Theboysknewtheyhadbrokentherules,andtheywere_____but

happywhentheywerecalledtotheoffice.

A.anything

B.something

C.nothing

D.all

【答案】A

【解析】句意：男孩们知道他们违规了，因此当他们被叫到办公室

的时候，绝不是高兴的。anythingbut决不；根本不。nothingbut只不

过。

19.Thedictatorreliedonabuseofhispower____onsound

reasoning.

A.instead

B.nomorethan

C.orrather

D.ratherthan

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这位独裁者依赖于滥用权力而不是合理的推理。

ratherthan而不是。instead相反，一般用于句尾。nomorethan只是；仅

仅。orrather更确切地说。

20.Thissortofhotandspicyfoodisverytypical_____thefoodinthe

southofthecountry.

A.about

B.of

C.with

D.For

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这种辛辣的食物是南方非常典型的食物。betypical

of为固定搭配，意为“……的典型”。

PartⅡ:CorrectingMistakes(10×2=20%)

Directions:Eachofthefollowingsentencescontainsonemistake.

IdentifythemistakeandwritethecorrectanswerontheANSWERSHEET.

21.Whenheated,themetalexpands,andifallowingtocool,itwill

contract.

【答案】allowing→allowed

【解析】allow的主语为metal，因此为被动关系，表示使其做某事。

22.Recentpollsseemtosuggestthatthegovernment’spopularitybeat

anall-timelow.

【答案】be→is

【解析】此句意为：近期的投票表明政府民望到了历史最低。这里

suggest意为“表明”，后面接宾语从句，不用虚拟语态。

23.Thisdrugprovedmoreeffectivelyinthetreatmentoftuberculosis

whenadministeredincombinationwithothermedications.

【答案】effectively→effective

【解析】这里effective作表语，表示“此药物和其他药物一起用对于

治疗肺结核非常有效”，故用形容词性。

24.Clearly,Japanisstillnotverywellunderstoodinthewest;what

Westernersdoknowseemstobeeitherextremelynegativeandextremely

positive.

【答案】and→or

【解析】这里either…or…为固定搭配，表示“或者……或者……”，

此处指西方人对日本的认识或者极端消极，或者极端积极。

25.Hewasusedtobeawaiterbutnowheownshisownrestaurant.

【答案】去掉was

【解析】此句指：他过去是个作家，但他现在开了一家饭馆。used

tobe为固定搭配，意为“过去是”。

26.Thisdoesnotcoursesomuchdamageinsidethewatertank.

Engineerscandiscoverwhichpartoftheplanehascracked.Thispartismade

stronger.

【答案】course→cause

【解析】此处意为：这不会造成水箱内的损坏。course课程；路线。

27.Whensailingonunknownseas,theycheckedtheirpositioninthe

stars,notknowingwherethevoyagewastoend.

【答案】in→under

【解析】此处指利用他们在恒星下的方位来测定航船的位置。故将

in改成under。

28.Asthediscspinsonthediscplayer,theplayerreadsthecodeand

translatesitintoaTVsignalwhichisthenshowedontheTVscreen.

【答案】showed→shown

【解析】这里指信号被展现在电视屏幕上，故用被动语态，be+动词

的过去分词，show的过去分词为shown。

29.Hetendstoinsistonhisviewsifthefactssupportthemornot.

【答案】if→whether

【解析】此处指不论事实是否支持他，故用固定搭配whether…or

not，表示“不论”。

30.Ifwearenotawarethatpropagandaisbeingusedinadvertising,we

willhaveconsentedtohandinourindependence,ourdecision-making

ability,andourbrains.

【答案】in→over

【解析】此处考查词语辨析。handin上交。handover交出。此句是

指，如果我们意识不到这是广告的宣传策略，就会交出独立做决定和冷

静思考的能力。

PartⅢ:Cloze(10×1=10%)

Directions:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreach

blank,therearefourchoiceslabeledA,B,C,andD.Chooseonethatbestfits

intothepassage,andwritetheletterrepresentingyourchoiceonthe

ANSWERSHEET.

Incitieswithrentcontrol,thecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrent

thatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment.Supportersofrentcontrolargue

thatitprotectspeoplewhoarelivinginapartments.Theirrentcannot

increase;therefore,theyarenotindangeroflosingtheirhomes.However,

thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhave31______effects.

Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,theyinvest

inotherbusinesses32______theycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonot

investinnewbuildingswhichwouldalsoberent-controlled.Asaresult,new

apartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewho33______apartmentscannotfind

any.Accordingtocritics,theendresultofrentcontrolisa34______of

apartmentsinthecity.

Sometheoristsarguethattheminimumwagelawcancauseproblemsin

thesameway.Thefederalgovernmentsetstheminimumthatanemployer

35______payworkers.Theminimumhelpspeoplewhogenerallylookfor

unskilled,low-payingjobs.36______,iftheminimumishigh,employers

mayhirefewerworkers.Theywill37______workerswithmachinery.

Therefore,otherthings38______equal,thenumberofworkersthat

employerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimum

wagemay39______unemployment.Somepoorpeoplemayfindthemselves

withoutjobsinsteadofwithjobs40______theminimumwage.

31.A.negative

B.positive

C.great

D.some

32.A.where

B.whereupon

C.inthat

D.whereby

33.A.needget

B.need

C.want

D.desire

34.A.shortage

B.lacking

C.need

D.lackage

35.A.might

B.may

C.can

D.must

36.A.Therefore

B.However

C.Thus

D.So

37.A.takeplaceof

B.substitute

C.replace

D.change

38.A.get

B.become

C.being

D.having

39.A.arouse

B.bringup

C.ignite

D.cause

40.A.in

B.at

C.on

D.with

【答案与解析】

31.A根据后文可知，管制房租会造成一些消极影响，比如会造成

房源不足。根据上下文，可填negative，消极的，负面的。

32.A此处为状语从句，句意为“他们会在能增加收益的生意当中投

资”，因此需要加上表示地点的关系副词where引导。

33.B此句是指：那些需要公寓的人一间也找不到。根据句意，选

择need。

34.A根据前文，管制房租，会使公寓建造数量大减，那么最终会

造成房源不足，故选shortage，意思为“短缺；不足”。

35.D此句意为“联邦政府规定了雇主必须支付员工的最低工资标

准。”因此填入must。

36.B此句前一句为制定最低工资标准的好处，后文则为最低工资

升高的危害，因此此处需要一个表示转折关系的词，故填however。

37.C此处意为：如果最低工资标准提高，那么雇主则会减少用人

数量，他们会用机器取代员工。replacesth.withsth.用……取代……。

38.C此句意为“其他保持不变，但雇主想要的员工数量减少了”。

此举前半部分为独立主格结构，因为otherthings和后面的动词为主动结

构，故用现在分词形式，再根据句意可选择C项。

39.D根据前文“最低工资标准提高，雇主会减少用人数量”，因此

可知此政策会造成严重的失业状况。

40.B此句是指：一些穷人发现有了最低工资标准之后，却没了工

作。theminimum+n.前面一般用介词at，意为“处于……的最低水平”。

PartⅣ:ReadingComprehension(15×1=15%)

Directions:Therearethreereadingpassagesinthissection.Each

passageisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachofthemtherearefour

suggestedanswerslabeledA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestanswertoeach

question,andwritetheletterrepresentingyourchoiceontheANSWER

SHEET.

Passage1:Questions41-45arebasedonthispassage.

TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalsystemof

government,ischaracterizedbydualjudicialsystems:therearebothstateand

federalcourts.Eachstatehasitsownsystemofcourts,composedofciviland

criminaltrialcourts,sometimesintermediatecourtsofappeal,andastate

SupremeCourt.Thefederalcourtsystemconsistsofaseriesoftrialcourts

(calleddistrictcourts)servingrelativelysmallgeographicregions(thereisat

leastoneforeverystate),atierofcircuitcourtsofappealthathearappeals

frommanydistrictcourtsinaparticulargeographicregion,andtheSupreme

CourtoftheUnitedStates.Thecourtsystemsaretosomeextentoverlapping,

inthatcertainkindsofdisputesmaybeinitiatedineithersystem.Theyare

alsotosomeextenthierarchical,forthefederalsystemstandsabovethestate

systeminthatlitigant(personsengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesin

thestatesupremecourtmayappealtheircasestotheSupremeCourtofthe

UnitedStates.

Thus,thetypicalcourtcasebeginsinatrialcourt—acourtofgeneral

jurisdiction—inthestateorfederalsystem.Mostcasesgonofurtherthanthe

trialcourt:forexample,thecriminaldefendantisconvictedbyatrialand

sentencedbythecourtandthecaseends;thepersonalinjurysuitresultsina

judgmentbyatrialcourt(oranout-of-courtsettlementbythepartieswhile

thecourtsuitispending)andthepartiesleavethecourtsystem.But

sometimesthelosingpartyatthetrialcourtcaresenoughaboutthecasethat

thematterdoesnotendthere.Inthesecases,the“loser”atthetrialcourtmay

appealtothenexthighercourt.

41.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Civilandcriminaltrialcourts.

B.Typicalcourtcases.

C.ThecourtsystemintheUnitedStates.

D.Theappealcourtprocess.

42.Accordingtothepassage,districtcourtsarealsoknownas_____.

A.circuitcourts

B.intermediatecourts

C.supremecourts

D.trialcourts

43.Inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraph,“engagedin”means

_____.

A.committedto

B.attentiveto

C.involvedin

D.bebusyin

44.Thepassageindicatesthatthelitigantswholosetheircasesinthe

statetrialcourtmaytakethemtoa_____.

A.differentcourtinthesamestate

B.federaltrialcourt

C.statesupremecourt

D.courtinanotherstate

45.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattypicalcourtcasesare

_____.

A.alwaysappealed

B.usuallyresolvedinthedistrictcourts

C.alwaysoverlapping

D.usuallysettledbytheSupremeCourt

【答案与解析】

41.C通过通读全文，可知本文主要讲的是美国的法院体系，包括

体系构成，各法院职责，审理过程等，故选C项，其它选项皆不全面，

都是该体系的一部分。

42.D文章第一段第三句提到“Thefederalcourtsystemconsistsofa

seriesoftrialcourts(calleddistrictcourts)servingrelativelysmall

geographicregions…”。由此可知，联邦法院体系包括一系列初审法院，

这些初审法院也被称为地区法院，服务相对小一些的地区范围……。因

此，地区法院也被称为初审法院。

43.C文章第一段最后提到“…forthefederalsystemstandsabovethe

statesysteminthatlitigant(personsengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircases

inthestatesupremecourt…”。由此可知，诉讼当事人在州最高法院败诉

后可上诉到美国联邦最高法院。因此，personsengagedinlawsuits在这里

指卷入该诉讼之中的人，也就是诉讼当事人。engagein在这里是“卷

入……”的意思。

44.C文章第一段第二句提到“Eachstatehasitsownsystemofcourts,

composedofcivilandcriminaltrialcourts,sometimesintermediatecourtsof

appeal,andastateSupremeCourt.”。由此可知，州法院体系由州初审法

院，有时包括中级上诉发院，还有州最高法院。又鉴于美国法院体系是

等级式的，因此在州初审法庭败诉后，诉讼当事人可能会向上一级继续

提起上诉，故可能为州最高法院。

45.B文章第二段开头提到“Thus,thetypicalcourtcasebeginsina

trialcourt—acourtofgeneraljurisdiction—inthestateorfederalsystem.

Mostcasesgonofurtherthanthetrialcourt”。由此可知，典型的案件一般

开始于初审法院（或联邦地区法院），也会终审于此，故选B项。

Passage2:Questions46-50arebasedonthispassage.

Theterm“SatelliteCity”isusedtodescribetherelationshipbetweena

largecityandneighboringsmallercitiesandtownsthatareeconomically

dependentuponit.Satellitecitiesmaybecollectionanddistributionpointsin

thecommerciallinkagesofatradingmetropolis,ortheymaybe

manufacturingorminingcentersexistingwithone-industryeconomicsasthe

creaturesofsomenearbycenter.Thislatterformiswhatisgenerallymeant

whenoneusestheterm“SatelliteCity.”Takeninthissense,19th-century

ChicopeeandLowell,Massachusetts,weresatellitesofBoston.Bothwere

milltownscreatedbyBostoninvestorstoservetheeconomyofthatNew

Englandmetropolis.Locatedoncheaplandalongwaterpowersitesinthe

midstofafarmingregionthatcouldsupplyamplelabor,theyweresatellites

inthefullestsenseoftheterm.Pullman,Illinois,andGary,Indiana,were

likewiseone-industrytownscreatedinconjunctionwiththemuchbroader

economyofnearbyChicago.Suchplaces,asVeraSchlakmanandStanley

Buderhavepointedoutintheirexcellenturbanbiographies,hadaone-

dimensionalquality,apaucityofsocialvigor.Thesecitiescouldnotstand

alone.Theywereinasensecoloniesofamultifunctionalmothercity.

46.Whichofthefollowingischaracteristicofasatellitecity?

A.Itisaself-sufficientcommunity.

B.Itofferscheaplandtopeople.

C.Ittendstoconcentrateonasingleproduct.

D.ItlieswithinaspacestationorbitingEarth.

47.Accordingtothepassage,ChicopeeandLowellwereideallocations

forthedevelopmentoftownsbecausetheyhad_____.

A.fullydevelopedelectricpowerplants

B.anadequatenumberofworkers

C.farmlandthatcouldsupplyenoughfood

D.extremelywealthyinvestors

48.Theauthordescribeseachofthefollowingasbeingeconomically

dependentonanothercityEXCEPT_____.

A.Chicopee,Massachusetts

B.Pullman,Illinois

C.Gary,Indiana

D.Boston,Massachusetts

49.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatVeraSchlakmanandStanley

Buderare_____.

A.authors

B.socialworkers

C.investors

D.governmentofficials

50.VeraScholakmanandStanleyBuderwoulddescribesatellitecities

as_____.

A.diversified

B.dependent

C.vigorous

D.uninhabited

【答案与解析】

46.C文章第二、三句提到“...ortheymaybemanufacturingormining

centersexistingwithone-industryeconomicsasthecreaturesofsomenearby

center...usestheterm“SatelliteCity.””。由此可知，卫星城一般指的是附

近一个中心城市带动起来的制造业或采矿中心，这些卫星城市往往产业

单一。因此卫星城一般集中于产出某一个产品。

47.B文章第六句提到“Locatedoncheaplandalongwaterpowersites

inthemidstofafarmingregionthatcouldsupplyamplelabor...”。由此可

知，这些卫星城往往地价便宜，可利用附近水力发电，劳动力充足。因

此卫星城奇科皮和洛厄尔的发展优势就是有充足的劳动力，故选B项。

48.D文章第四句提到“Takeninthissense,19th-centuryChicopeeand

Lowell,Massachusetts,weresatellitesofBoston.”。由此可知，奇科皮和洛

厄尔是波士顿的卫星城，在经济上依附于波士顿。因此波士顿在经济上

不依附于其他城市，故选D项。

49.A文章倒数第三句提到“...asVeraSchlakmanandStanleyBuder

havepointedoutintheirexcellenturbanbiographies...”。由此可知，Vera

Schlakman和StanleyBuder在他们杰出的城市传记中指出，这些地方具有

一维的特质，缺乏社会生机。因此可推测他们是作家。

50.B文章最后两句提到“Thesecitiescouldnotstandalone.Theywere

inasensecoloniesofamultifunctionalmothercity.”。由此可知，Vera

Schlakman和StanleyBuder认为这些卫星城在一定程度上是一个多功能母

城的殖民地，不能单独存活发展。因此他们认为卫星城是依赖于中心城

市的。

Passage3:Questions51-55arebasedonthispassage.

ThecarindustrysufferedanothersetbackyesterdaywhenLucasElectric

Companyannouncedthatmanyofits12,000workersat15factoriesinthe

WestMidlandswouldbegoingonshorttime.Itwasexpectedthatthey

wouldworkafour-dayweekstartingearlynextmonth.

“Therewillbearequirementforsomeshort-termworkinginselected

productareasandthefinaldetailswillbeorganizedonsite-by-sitebasis,”a

LucasspokesmansaidinBirmingham.

ThefactoriescoveranareafromTelford,Shropshire,toSolihullinthe

WestMidlands.Manyofthoseinvolvedarewomenandtheproductsinclude

alternators,batteriesandheadlamps.Formanyfamiliesthewifehasbeenthe

soleearnerinrecentmonths.

TheLucasannouncementisexpectedtohaveanaggravatedeffecton

theregion’srapidlydecliningeconomy.

Thecompanyspokesmansaidthatnotallthe12,000wouldbeaffected;

about20percentofthestaffwouldnotbeaffectedatall.

TheannouncementcomeafterBL’sproductioncutsintheAustin-Rover

divisionwithatwo-weekextendedholidayfor8,000workersbecauseofthe

sluggishmarket.DunlopinBirminghamhasmadeasimilardecision.

Lucassaidthatitwasalsobecauseofreductionsintheschedulesof

othercustomersinthecarindustry.Itwasemphasizedthatitwastemporary

anditsdurationwoulddependonhowmanycarsweresoldinthecoming

months.

51.Accordingtothepassage,thecarindustrywasfacedwithdifficulty

againbecause_____.

A.manyofits12,000workerswouldlosetheirjobs

B.theworkersrefusedtoworkafive-dayweek

C.Lucasannouncedashort-timeworkingplan

D.Lucaswouldcutdowntheproductioninits15factories

52.Thingswouldbecomeworseforfamilies_____.

A.inwhichthehusbandearnslessthanhiswife

B.whichdependentirelyonthewife’searning

C.whicharebadlyinneedofmoney

D.inwhichthehusbandandwifeareworkinginthesameregion

53.ThedecisionofLucaswasregardedasbadnewsbecause_____.

A.itmightcauseafurtherdeclineoftheregion’seconomy

B.8,000workerswouldhavelesspaidholidays

C.womenwouldhavetotakeearlyretirement

D.workerswouldhavetoworklongerduringthefourdays

54.WhatledLucastomakethedecision?

A.Womenneedmoretimeforhousework.

B.DunlopinBirminghammadeasimilardecision.

C.BL’sAustin-Roverdivisiondecidedtoreduceitsproduction.

D.Itsproductscouldnotmeettherequirementsofcustomers.

55.Accordingtothepassage,howmanyworkerswouldnotbeaffected

bythebadnews?

A.About8,000

B.About12,000

C.About1,600

D.About2,400

【答案与解析】

51.C文章第一段提到“Thecarindustrysufferedanothersetback…It

wasexpectedthattheywouldworkafour-dayweekstartingearlynext

month.”。由此可知，当卢卡斯电力公司宣布其在西中部15个工厂的1.2

万名工人将在短时间内工作时，汽车工业又遭遇了一次挫折。因此汽车

工业又一次遭遇挫折的原因是卢卡斯宣布的缩短工作时间计划。

52.B文章第三段末尾提到“Manyofthoseinvolvedarewomenand

theproductsincludealternators,batteriesandheadlamps.Formanyfamilies

thewifehasbeenthesoleearnerinrecentmonths.”。由此可知，有很多涉

及到的工厂雇佣的都是女工，而且在很多家庭中，女人的收入是家里唯

一的收入来源。因此，这一决策对那些收入完全依赖女人的家庭来说，

打击更大，故选B项。

53.A文章第四句提到“TheLucasannouncementisexpectedtohave

anaggravatedeffectontheregion’srapidlydecliningeconomy.”。由此可

知，卢卡斯这一决策将会对该地区迅速下滑的经济产生更加严重的影

响。因此这一决策是个坏消息，因为它会使经济更加恶化。

54.C文章倒数第二段提到“TheannouncementcomeafterBL’s

productioncutsintheAustin-Roverdivision...”。由此可知，是英国利兰的

奥斯汀-路虎部门做出的减产决策导致了卢卡斯做出此决定，故选C项。

55.D文章第五段提到“Thecompanyspokesmansaidthatnotallthe

12,000wouldbeaffected;about20percentofthestaffwouldnotbeaffected

atall.”。由此可知，12000的员工中，有20%的员工不会受影响，即有

2400名员工不会受该决策的影响。

PartⅤ:Translation(2×10=20%)

Directions:Readthefollowingtwoshortpassagescarefully.Translate

theEnglishpassageintoChineseandtheChinesepassageintoEnglish.Write

youranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

PassageOne:FromEnglishintoChinese(1×10=10%)

Scotland’sCapitalGetsArtsAward

ThecityofEdinburghwasnamedtheworld’sfirstCityofLiteraturelast

weekinadecisionlikelytobringartstouriststotheScottishcapital.

FollowingalongcampaignbyfamedScottishartists,theUnitedNations

Educational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)announcedthe

decisionlastweek.Itmadethecitythefirstinaseriesofrecognizedliterary

capitalsworldwide.

J.K.Rowling,authorofthehugelypopularHarryPotterseries,is

amongtheEdinburgh-basedwriterswhohavebackedthecampaign.

InadditiontoEdinburgh’sfamouscontemporaryauthors,thecitywas

hometomanyhistoricliterarylegends,SirArthurConanDoyle,creatorof

SherlockHolmes,wasaresident,andRobertBurns,Scotland’snationalpoet,

livedandwrotehere.

【参考译文】

爱丁堡市上周被命名为世界首个文学之都，这将会吸引大批的游客

来参观苏格兰的首府爱丁堡。

经过许多享誉盛名的苏格兰艺术家的长时间奋力争取，联合国教科

文组织终于在上周宣布了这一决定。爱丁堡也由此成为了全世界范围内

获此殊荣的第一座城市。

著名的哈利波特系列作家J.K.罗琳也是爱丁堡作家中支持这场荣誉

之战的作家之一。

除了有很多著名的当代作家之外，这座城市还拥有许多有历史意义

的文学传奇人物，福尔摩斯创作者柯南道尔爵士就在这里生活，苏格兰

民族诗人罗伯特伯恩斯也在这里生活、创作。

PassageTwo:FromChineseintoEnglish(1×10=10%)

菜价大幅涨

今天，雾锁京城。大雾不仅使人们的出行受到影响，还影响到今天

下午以后的蔬菜价格。

据了解，因为北京的大雾，今早以后来自北京周边地区的蔬菜运输

车辆势必会因为进京高速公路关闭而难以进京。新发地市场顾兆学经

理分析认为，因为大雾影响，市场交易量将下降5%至10%,但不会对土

豆、大白菜大路菜带来很大影响，而对那些来自山东、湖北等需要长途

运输来的西红柿、生菜等精细蔬菜的影响会较大，这些蔬菜的价格在未

来几天将大幅上扬。

【参考译文】

ThePriceofVegetablesWillSkyrocket

Today,therehasbeenathickfoginBeijing.Thefognotonlyaffects

people’stravelbutalsowillaffectthepriceofvegetablesafterthisafternoon.

Itisreportedthatbecauseoftheheavyfog,thevehiclescarryingvegetables

fromtheneighboringareasofBeijingareboundtohavedifficultiesin

enteringBeijingduetotheclosureofthehighwayssincethismorning.Gu

Zhaoxue,manageroftheXinfadimarketbelievesthatasaresultoftheheavy

fog,thetradingvolumewilldropby5%to10%,butitwillnothaveabig

impactoncommonvegetablessuchaspotatoesandChinesecabbage.

However,itwillaffectgreatlythevegetablesfromShandong,Hubeiand

otherdistantprovinces,whosepriceswillrisedramaticallyinthenextfew

days.

PartⅥ:Writing(1×15=15%)

Theautomobileindustryisgrowingatahighspeedinrecentyearsin

China.Pleasewriteanessayof150-200wordstoanalyzetheimpactofthis

phenomenononChina.

THEIMPACTOFAUTOMOBILEINDUSTRYONCHINA

Inthefirstpartofyourwriting,youshouldpresentyourthesis

statement,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourthesisstatement

withappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhave

discussedtoanaturalconclusionorasummary.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarand

appropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinlossof

marks.

【参考范文】

TheImpactofAutomobileIndustryonChina

Withtherapiddevelopmentofthescienceandtechnology,the

automobileindustryboomsasoneofthemostimportantenginesforthe

socialprogress.However,it’salsoadouble-edgedsword.

Ontheonehand,itleadstothedispersionofthepopulationoutofurban

centers,tothegrowthofthesuburbsandthegreatlyincreasedmobility

resultsinsignificantchangesinleisurelifestyle.What’smore,theautomobile

industryisregardedasabackbone,orkeyindustry,actingasanenginefor

manysubsidiaryindustries,suchassteel,machinery,glass,rubber,tireand

soon.Ontheotherhand,beingpetrol-driven,theautomobileswillbring

abouttheterribleenvironmentalpollution.Furthermore,theycontributeto

trafficcongestionsogreatlythattheadvantagesgainedincomfortand

freedomareoftencancelledbythefrustrationcausedbytrafficjams.Thelast

problemisanincreasingnumberofcaraccidentshavekilledandwillkilla

lotofpeopleinafrictionofasecond.

Inanutshell,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantages,notexcluding

theautomobileindustry.Whatweshoulddoisnotfocusingonits

weaknessesbutdevelopingnewtechnologiestominimizeitsweakpointsand

harm.

【范文点评】

本文第一段首先阐述汽车产业飞速发展，促进了社会进步，但是也

有弊端。接着第二段分别阐述了汽车产业的利和弊。文章最后一段总

结，凡事皆有利弊，我们正确的态度不应该是纠结于弊端，而是应该积

极应对，将弊端降到最小。

2006年国际关系学院251二外英语

考研真题及详解

PartⅠ:VocabularyandGrammar(20×1=20%)

Directions:Ineachitem,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwill

mostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Writethe

letterrepresentingyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.

1._____,Iagreewithyourestimateofthesituation.

A.Intheway

B.ontheway