2022届高考英语高频词汇表达 阅读训练（DAY 19）含答案解析

2022高考英语3500词汇表达+阅读训练（DAY19）

目录内容

SectionA高频词汇讲解以及短语表达

SectionB阅读理解强化训练

SectionC七选五综合练习

SectionA高频词汇讲解以及短语表达

1：sensitiveadj.敏感的；灵敏的；感光的；易受伤害的；易受影响的

n.敏感的人；有灵异能力的人

常用短语：

besensitiveto有感知力的；能理解的

besensitiveabout对…敏感的

sensitivedocuments机密文件

2.dipinto浏览；浸在……里；稍加研究

3.brieflyadv.短暂地；简略地；暂时地

4.tobehonest老实说；说实话

=tobefrank=totellthetruth

5.dreamof梦想；梦见

6.folkactor民间演员

folkn.民族；人们；亲属（复数）adj.民间的

常用短语：

folktale民间故事

oldfolk老人

folkcustom民间习俗

7.confidentadj.自信的；确信的

常用短语：

confidentin自信的；确信的

confidentof确信，相信

8.devotionn.献身，奉献；忠诚；热爱

常用短语：

devotionto献身于…

9：formn.形式，形状；形态，外形；方式；表格

vt.构成，组成；排歹！J,组织；产生，塑造

vi.形成，构成；排列

常用短语：

intheformof以…的形式

aformof一种…的形式

taketheformof表现为...的形式

in/onform（运动员等）竞技状态良好；精力旺盛

off/outofform（运动员等）竞技状态差

fillintheform填写表格

10.rollvt.卷；滚动，转动；辗

vi.卷；滚动；转动；起伏，摇晃

n.卷，卷形物；名单；摇晃

常用短语：

rolldown（泪水等液体）滚落；摇（车窗、卷帘等）

rollinto卷；绕（成柱形或团）

rolledup卷；绕（成柱形或团）

arollof一卷...

rollout铺开;滚出

rollin蜂拥而来；有大量的（钱财等）；就寝；到达

rockandroll摇滚乐

rollup卷起；滚滚上升；到达；出现；

onaroll运气好;超常发挥；做得很顺

rollover翻滚；转存；延缓付款

rollaway滚动卷页；滚过去，慢移过去

rollback击退；把…压低到标准水平

rollon继续前进

11.relyon信赖；依赖；依靠；信任

=dependon

12.performvt.执行；完成；演奏

vi.执行，机器运转；表演

常用短语：

performanoperation动手术；做手术

performon表演；上演；演奏

performacontract执行合同

13.instrumentn.仪器；工具；乐器：手段；器械

词语辨析：

这组词都有“仪器、设备、器械、器具”的意思，其区别是：

installation一般多指安装完成，可供使用或操作的整套装置或设施。

tool一般指进行特种工作的手工工具，也可指人造使用动力的工具，还可作引申用。

device多指为某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装

置。

apparatus既可指某种具体的由许多不同零件构成的复杂的仪器、装置或器械，又可指

它们的总称。

implement原指史前人类所用的工具，现在多指农用工具，也可指为实现某个任务所需

的工具或器具。

equipment多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。通常用作不可数名词。

instrument通常指能使人们完成某一精确动作或测量的一种小型仪器，尤指电工仪表、

测量装置，航海或航空用的控制装置。

appliance侧重指家用机器或设备，尤指家用电器。

facilities常用复数形式，指可供使用的设备或设施。

14.pubn.酒馆；客栈

15.passer-byn.过路人；经过者(pl.passers-by)

16.earnvt.赚，赚得；获得

常用短语：

earnaliving谋生；活命

earnone'scorn凭实力获得应得的酬劳

earnone'skeep谋生，挣饭吃

17.extraadv.特别地，非常；另外

n.临时演员；号外；额外的事物；上等产品

adj.额外的，另外收费的；特大的

18.incash以现金支付

19.beardvt.公然反对；抓..的胡须

n.胡须；颌毛

vi.充当掩护；充当男随员

20.pretendvt./vi.假装，伪装，佯装

adj.假装的

常用短语：

pretendtodosth假装做某事

SectionB阅读理解强化训练

Passage1

Thenewsthatresearchershaveusedcloningtomakehumanembryosforthepurposeof

producingstemcellsmayhavesomepeoplewonderingifitwouldeverbepossibletoclonea

person.Althoughitwouldbeimmoral,expertssayitislikelybiologicallypossibletoclonea

humanbeing.Sincethe1950swhenresearchersclonedafrog,scientistshavecloneddozensof

animalspecies,includingmice,cats,sheep,pigsandcows.

Withmice,researchersareabletousethousandsofeggs,andconductmanyexperiments,to

workouttheseproblems.4tIt,sanumbersgame,“saidDr.RobertLanza,thechiefscientificofficer

atabiotechcompany."Butwithprimates（灵长类动物）,eggsareveryprecious,anditisnoteasyto

getthemtoconductexperiments.”

Inaddition,researcherscan'tsimplyapplywhatthey'velearnedfromcloningmiceor

cowstocloningpeople.Cloningananimalrequiresthatresearchersremoveproteinsthatare

necessarytohelpcellsdivide.Inmice,thisisn'taproblem,becausetheembryothatiscreatedis

abletomaketheseproteinsagain.Butprimatesaren'tabletodothis,andresearchersthinkitmay

beonereasonthatattemptstoclonemonkeyshavefailed.

What'smore,clonedanimalsoftenhavedifferentkindsofabnormalities.These

abnormalitiesarecommonbecauseclonedembryoshavejustoneparentratherthantwo,which

meansthataprocessknownas“imprinting（E|J记）“doesnotoccurproperlyinclonedembryos.

44Problemswithimprintingcanresultinextremelylargeembryos,whichleadstoproblems

withbloodflowforthebaby,^^Lanzasaid/4Theextremelyhighrateofdeathandthe

developmentalabnormalitiesfromcloningmakecloningpeopleimmoral.lt?slikesendingyour

babyupinarocketknowingthere'sa50-50chancethatit'sgoingtoexplode.^^

l.WhatcanweleamfromParagraph1?

A.Animalcloningisillegal.

B.Humancloningispossible.

C.Humanembryosmayhavenewfunctions.

D.Animalembryoscanbeusedformedicine.

2.Howweretheexperimentsoncloningmonkeys?

A.Theyhavesolvedtheproblemwithproteins.

B.Theyhavebeenappliedtohumancloning.

C.Theyweresuccessful.

D.Theywereintrouble.

3.HowdoesLanzafeelabouthumancloning?

A.Itisrisky.B.Itispractical.C.Itisbeneficial.D.Itispromising.

Passage2

Climatechange,nothumanhunting,mayhavewipedoutthethylacine（袋狼）,accordingtoa

newstudybasedonDNAfromthylacinebones.

Themeat-eatingmarsupials（有袋动物）diedoutonmainlandAustraliaafewthousandyears

ago,butsurvivedinTasmania,anislandofsoutheastAustraliaseparatedfromthemainland,until

the1930s.Untilnow,scientistshadbelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinctionwasincreased

activityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes（Australianwilddogs）.

ScientistsbehindtheUniversityofAdelaidestudy,whichwaspublishedintheJournalof

BiogeographyonThursdaycollected51newthylacineDNAsamplesfromfossilbonesand

museumskins—thelargestdatasetofthylacineDNAtodate.Thepaperconcludedthatclimate

changestartingabout4,000yearsago—inparticulardrierseasonscausedbytheweathersystems

knownasElNino-SouthernOscillation-waslikelythemaincauseofthemainlandextinction.

TheancientDNAshowedthatthemainlandextinctionofthylacineswasrapid,andnotthe

resultoflossofgeneticdiversity.Therewasalsoevidenceofapopulationcrashinthylacinesin

Tasmaniaatthesameperiodoftime,reducingtheirnumbersandgeneticdiversity.

AssociateProfessorJeremyAustin,deputydirectoroftheUniversity'sAustralianCentrefor

AncientDNA,saidTasmaniawouldhavebeenprotectedfrommainlandAustralia'swarmer,drier

climateduetoitshigherrainfall.Hearguedthatclimatechangewas“theonlythingthatcould

havecaused,oratleaststarted,anextinctiononthemainlandandcausedapopulationcrashin

Tasmania.^^

“Theybothoccurredataboutthesametime,andtheothertwothingsthathavebeentalked

aboutinthepastthatmayhavedriventhylacinestoextinctiononthemainlandweredingoesand

humans.Sotheonlyexplanationthat'sleftisclimatechange.Andbecausethatpopulationcrash

happenedatthesametimethatthespecieswentextinctonthemainland,ourargumentisthere5sa

commonthemethereandtheonlycommonthemethat'sthereisthischangeinclimate.^^

4.Whathappenedtothylacinesinthe1930s?

A.TheydiedoutonmainlandAustralia.

B.Theywerehuntedinlargenumbers.

C.TheysurvivedinTasmania.

D.Theywerenolongerseen.

5.WhatdidscientistsbelievebeforetheUniversityofAdelaidestudy?

A.Marsupialswereallmeat-eatinganimals.

B.DingoesshouldberemovedfromAustralia.

C.ThylacineshadnoenemiesonmainlandAustralia.

D.Nativepeoplewereresponsiblefortheextinctionofthylacines.

6.WhafsthedifferencebetweenmainlandAustraliaandTasmania?

A.Tasmaniahasmoredingoes.

B.Tasmaniahasmorewetdays.

C.Tasmaniahasahighertemperature.

D.TasmaniahasmorenativeAustralians.

7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DNAisplayinganimportantrole

B.Climatechangeledtothylacines9disappearance

C.Australiananimalsarefacingapopulationcrash

D.NativeAustraliansanddingoesweremisunderstood

SectionC七选五综合练习

Passage3

SophiaCollinsandEmyJacobohavebeenbestfriendssincekindergarten.41playwithEmy

outsidealot,“Sophiasays."Weliketoreadanddoarttogether.^1Theywroteabookand

usedittoraisemoneyforSt.JudeChildren'sResearchHospital.

ItstartedwhenSophiaandEmyhadfreetimeintheirfirst-gradeclass.Theydecidedtocreate

abookforSophia'syoungerbrother,Sam,andEmy'syoungersisters,KielynandLia."Wemade

thebooktohelpthemread,“Emysays.

Whenevertheyhadextratime,SophiaandEmyworkedontheirbook,calledSmileEverybodyI

It'sabout"allthereasonstosmile,nomatterwhoyouare,“thegirlsstateonthebackcover._2

“IdrewthepeopleandSophiadrewtheanimals,Emysays.

AfterfinishingSmileEverybody\bothgirlsreadittotheirsiblings（兄弟姐妹）,wholikedit.

3_Sophiawantedtosellthebook.Hermomaskedherwhatshe'ddowiththemoney.Sothe

girlstalkeditover."WedecidedtosellthebooktoraisemoneyforSt.JudeChildrenysResearch

Hospital,Emysays.4

Thegirlshadlearnedaboutitwhenafund-raisingtrike-a-thon（骑脚踏车活动）washeldat

theirschool.

AfterSophia'smomhadthebookprinted,thegirlssoldmorethan60copiesofSmile

Everybodyltofamilyandfriendsandsent$315toSt.Jude.

5Emysays,“Weliketohelpthekidsfeelbetter.^^

A.St.Judehelpsverysickchildren.

B.Butthentheirprojectgrewbigger.

C.Later,Sam,KielynandLiaalsobecamefriends.

D.Thegirlsliketoworktogethertohelpothers,too.

E.Theytookturnstakingthebookhomeonweekends.

F.However,thegirlshaddifferentopinionsabouttheirbook.

G.Thetwofriendsfeelhappythattheirprojecthelpedbringsmilestohospitalpatients.

参考答案

Passage1

1.B根据第一段中的"expertssayitislikelybiologicallypossibletocloneahumanbeing^^

可知，人体克隆具有可能性。

2.D根据第三段中的“primatesaren'tabletodothis,andresearchersthinkitmaybeone

reasonthatattemptstoclonemonkeyshavefailed”可推断，对猴子进行的实验遇到了困境。

3.A根据末段中的"It'slikesendingyourbabyupinarocketknowingthere'sa50-50

chancethatifsgoingtoexplode.”可推断，人体克隆有很大的风险。

Passage2

4.D由第二段中的“Themeat-eatingmarsupials...untilthe1930s.”可知，至二十世纪三十

年代，袋狼彻底绝种了。

5.D由第二段中的“Untilnow