新视野大学英语读写教程第五册答案（1-5单元排版好）

UnitOne

SectionA

IIIVocabulary

1.prent2.permeated3.decisive4.inherent

5.literally6.blessing7.literacy8.mingled

9.distorted10.formidable11.precedent12.certified

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.simulate14.doomed15.cloning

IV1.huntdown2.absorbedinto3.haveaccessto4.withtheexceptionof

5.Forthatmatter6.Intheabsenceof7.withrespectto8.istailoredto

9.berestrictedto10.callsfor11.inlargemeasure12.rangedfrom

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.ignorantof14.tosomeextent15.filledwith

VCollocation

1.understanding2.system3.muscles4.technique

5.skills6.ability7.film8.insights

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

9.imagination10.resources

VITranslation

1.Inaworldfullofmisinformationitisaformidablechallengeforthestudentsto

learntoidentifythetrue,the

beautiful,andthegood.

2.Anyformofmountaineeringhasitsinherentdanger.Afterall,itisanadventure

sport.

3.Theuniversitywillpermitadegreeofindividualinstructionandthestudentsmay

receiveacurriculum

tailoredtotheirneeds,learningstyleandpace.

4.Itissaidthattheunderstandingofthegeneticbasisoflearningwilltelluswhich

youngstersarelikelyto

advancequicklyandwhichonesseemdoomedto"difficult”schoolexperiences.

5.IthasbeenreportedthatinCanadaliterallythousandsoflakesandriversareno

longerabletosupportfish

orplants.

6.Incountrieswithrelativelyhighliteracyrates,booksplayanimportantpartin

enrichingpeople'slives.

7.Theessenceofgovernmentinterventionhasbeentolimitanddistortcompetition

ratherthantoencourageit.

8.ThegreatcauseofreformbeingcarriedoutbyChinesepeopleiswithoutprecedent

inhistory.

9.Practiceinsimulatedexaminationconditionsmustnotbedelayeduntilclosetothe

examinationtime.

10.Peoplehavefoundthatthelionsandwolvesintheforestoftenhuntdownlive

animalsbycooperative

efforts.

VIITranslation

TheInternet'sspeed,vastresources,anditsabilitytodirectlycommunicatewith

othersareitsgreatest

benefits.BecausetheInternetusesthequicknessofcomputerstotransmititsdata,

informationcantravelat

tremendousspeeds.Speedisnottheonlybenefit.TheInternetuseshundredsof

thousandsofcomputersall

connectedtoeachothertostorevastamountsofinformation.Andfinally,becausethe

Internetallows

individualstohavespecificelectronicmailaddresses,peoplecaneasilycommunicate

withoneanother.

VIIITranslation

1.可能除了教会以外，很少有机构做主管下一代正规教育的学校/教育机构那

样缺乏变化了。

2.来自过去的参观者一眼就能辨认出现在的课堂，但很难适应现今一个10岁孩

子的校外世界，

3.但变化在我们的世界中是如此迅速和明确，以至于学校不可能维持现状或仅

仅做•些表面的改善而

生存下去。

4.在某种程度上，这些科技辅助设施已被吸纳到校园生活中，尽管他们往往只

是用一种更方便，更有

效的模式教授in课程。

5.计算机将在一定程度上允许针对个人的授课，这种授课形式以往只向有钱人

提供。

6.我们再也无须花费很长时间查找某个出处或某个人——现在信息的传递是瞬

时的。

7.信息和虚假信息轻易地混杂在一起，现在还没有将网上十分普遍的被歪曲的

事实和•派胡言与真实

含义区分开来的可靠手段。

8.今天，数以百万计的信息源人人伸手可及，这种情况是史无前例的。

9.一些权威人士坚持认为这些发现应该应用于特定情况中，而另一些人则极力

反对在基因信息基础上

所做的任何决定。

10.如果年青人要为自己期望承担的迅速变换的角色作好准备，那么必须培养出

新的和富于想像力的方

法。

IXEssaysummary

1.B2.A3.C4.D5.D6.B7.B8.A9.C10.A

11.D12.B13.C14.D15.A16.A17.C18.B19.D20.A

XIStructuredWriting

Schoolshavetochangerapidlyandradicallytomeetthedemandsandexpectationsof

innumerablespecialinterestsfromthechangingworld.Nowadaysfewpeoplewill

remaininthesameoccupationfortheirwholelives.Manyofthemwillmove

frequentlyfromonepositionandcompanytoanother.Schooleducationmustenable

youngsterstoeducatethemselvesandtopreparethemselvesforaconstantlychanging

jobmarket.Theeducationthatwasessentiallydesignedtomakesurethatindividuals

couldcarryoutasinglejobhasbeenseriouslychallenged.Besides,thereisastrong

demandthatschoolsshouldpermitadegreeofindividualinstructiontoevery

student.Everystudentshouldreceiveacurriculumdesignedandmodifiedaccording

tohisownneeds,hisownlearningstyleandhisownlearningpace.Thetimewhen

allthestudentswereworkingonthesamematerialsanddoingthesamedrillsis

goneforever.

SectionB

XIIIComprehensionoftheText

1.Itmeansasateacher,oneshouldmakehisowndecisionsinteaching,insteadof

passivelyfollowingothers.

2.Itstandsfortheteacher'sinnervoice,i.e.his/heropinions,ideas,etc.

3.Theyareoptimistic,thinkingthatbeingateacherisvaluable,andtheyareresolved

tomakeadifference.

4.Becausetheyfindthatasteacherstheyarenothingmorethanfactoryworkers,and

theschoolsystemis

barelymorethana19th-centuryfactorywherestudentscollectbasicskillsonan

assemblyline.

5.Teachers,likefactoryworkers,arebusyacceptingeverythingpassively,therefore

havingnotimetoreflect

ordream.Thus,theyareunabletopositivelycontributetoschooling'soriginal

purpose,i.e.,tonourish

mindsandmolddreams.

6.Theauthoristryingtoshowtheresultofacceptingeverythingpassively-the

teachercannotstandtalland

proud;andtheinspectorswillbelievethatheiscrippled,andthat"thesuitis

well-fitting".

7.Becauseifnot,theymaybeintrouble,orbeexiledbytheircolleagues.

8.Thetailorcanbestatedepartments,schoolsuperintendents,parents,principalsor

specialinterestgroups.

9.Theresultisthatteachersbecomebusyandtired,andlosetheabilitytoknowwhat

istrulyimportant.

10.Onlywhentheteachersactfromtheirownvoicecanrealimprovementsbemade

toeducation.

XIVVocabulary

1.crippled2.tugged3.limped4.affirms

5.nourishing6.assimilating7.nurture8.tucked

9.murmurs10.indignant11.staggered12.pleading

XV1.from2.with3.into4.on5.of6.down

7.up8.of9.out/in10.with11.up12.about

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.out14.on15.out

SectionC

1.F2.T3.F4.F5.F6.F7.F8.F9.T10.F

UnitTwo

IIComprehensionoftheText

I.Becausetheycouldn'tlivelongerwithoutgrowingolder.

2.BewasmorefamousforhissearchfortheFountainofYouth.

3.Theytakeabathintubsofwarmmudandreceiveinjectionsofmonkeyglands.

4.Manypeoplecanreachtheagetheyaredesignedforbecauseoftheirbeingwell

off.

5.Theemphasisisonfindingwaystoensurethatmorepeopleachievethemaximum

lifespanhealthy

conditions.

6.Hehatedexerciseandnevertookany.

7.Becausetheyreproducelessordon'treproduceatall.

8.Itcanhelpslowdownageing.

9.Oldpeoplewouldsoonendupasahugemajorityandtheplanetwouldhave

troublesupportingsomany

people.

10.Theauthorthinksthatoldageisoneofthenaturalphenomena,anditisthelast

panofone'slife.

IIVocabulary

1.terminating2.originates3.tempted4.afflicted

5.optimum6.rapture7.adhered8.persistent

9.diminishing10.despised11.patented12.manipulate

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.promising14.necessitate15.perish

IV1.searchingfor2.endedup3.inthehopeof4.lookedforwardto

5.holdonto6.intime7.welloff8.conditions

9.involvedin10.tosuchanextent11.originatedin12.adheredto

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.perishedfrom14.sloweddown15.handedout

VCollocation

1.abilities2.quality3.condition4.standard

5.system6.chances7.utilization8.skills

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

9.efficiency10.environment

VITranslation

1.Duringthatbattlealargenumberofmenperishedfromhungerandthirstduetothe

severeshortageoffood.

2.ThisresearchprojectbasfurtherprovedthatfireworkshaveoriginatedinChina.

3.Heistemptedtogothereinpersonandcheckouthowtheaccidenthappened.

4.Atpresent,peoplehavenotfoundaneffectivewaytocurethisdisease,whichis

stillafflictingoldpeople.

5.Thecontractormustadheretothecontractandcompletetheimportantprojecton

time.

6.Withpersistentefforts,theyfinallysettledthedisputebetweenthetworegions.

7.IfPartyBfailsindeliveringgoodsatagiventime,PartyAisentitledtoterminate

thecontractandclaimfor

anyloss.

8.Itusuallytakesaweektopatentone'sinvention.

9.Acleverpoliticianknowswellhowtomanipulatethepublicopinionandtake

advantageofhissupporters.

10.Theamountofwaterintileriversandlakeswilldiminishasthedryseason

continues.

VIITranslation

Withthe21stcenturycoming,peoplehaveincreasinglyrealizedfileimportanceof

acquiringroundeasy

information.IfanationcanmakeeffectiveuseofalltheinformationitwillbenefitIn

thefieldsofscientific

research,education,economicdevelopment,etc.Whatthenationneedstodoisto

establishanation-wide

^informationnetwork'*,soastolinkupscientists,businessmen,educators,etc.Ifsuch

anetworkissetup,it

willpromotethesecondinformationrevolutioninthecountry.

VIIITranslation

1.几千年来，人们一直想要长寿，想不变老，然而他们总是失望。

2.许多作家总是幻想着有可以长命百岁的福地，在那里，人们以各种办法，多

数是左道旁门的招数，

保持着他们的青春和活力。

3.虽然长寿的可能性已经明显加大了，但是在绝大多数有记载的历史时期内，

自然界赋予人类的寿命

并没有多大变化。

4.即使主要从理论上探讨，人的寿命在写《圣经》的那个时候就是70岁，到现

在也没有增加多少。

5.在出生后的第一年里，婴儿不再会大量死亡，在随后的日子里人们不会因为

传染病或者像阑尾破裂

这样的医疗问题而死亡，也不会因为饥饿或过度劳累而死亡。

6.目前衰老研究的重点是寻求有效的方法，确保日益增多的达到最大寿限的人

能够在最佳健康状况下

实现长寿，而不是仅仅在慢性病和体力衰退的折磨下再多活几年。

7.但是，即便是对那些遵循这些忠告的人来说，一种健康的生活方式的作用只

不过是使他们更有机会

保持就其年龄而言合理的健康状况，而不会减缓衰老的过程。

8.唯一显示的确能延长臭名的实验是用实验室动物进行的，受试的大家鼠灰色

小家鼠接受严格的饮食

限制。

9.衰老过程是•个复杂的事情，涉及到许多不同的基因。但是，人们即使不能

消除衰老，最终也能够

用基因疗法减缓衰老。

10.然而，老年可以说是人生戏剧中的最后一幕，当我们疲倦时，当我们已经饱

尝人生的一切之后，我

们应该从这最后一幕中消失。

IXEssaySummary

1.D2.A3.C4.D5.B6.A7.B8.A9.C

10.Bll.D12.B13.C14.D15.A16.D17.C18.B

19.A20.D

XIIReadingSkills

1.Dr.JohnAndrews.(Para.3)

2.TheyhopetocureDNAdeficiency,andtofixageneticdefectthatcausesasevere

formofblooddisease.

(Para.5)

3.Itisaboutinjectingfunctioninggenesintotherapidlydividingcellsofembryosto

replaceflawedDNA.

(Para.7)

4.TheyworrythatAndrews*technologywouldhelpdoctorstoengineerbabiesfor

attractivetraits,and

interferingwithgenesbeforebirthmightresultinseriousbirthdefects.(Para.7)

5.In1995itabolishedfederalfundingforhumanembryoresearch;italsomadesuch

researchexemptfrom

Federalreviewsandcontrols.(Para.12)

XIIIComprehensionoftheText

LC2.C3.B4.A5.A6.C7.C8.

A9.C10.D

XIVVocabulary

1.threshold2.apt3.preview4.premature

5.abolished6.injected7.rigorous8.induced

9.epidemic10.integrity11.abortion12.appraisal

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.deficiencies14.recipient15.irony

XV

1.onto2.on3.in4.at5.from6.forth

7.In8.on9.to10.from11.at12.with

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.of14.out15.on

XIIReadingSkills

1.Theyoungpeople.(Para.1)

2.TheydominatedtheprotestsagainstthenuclearweaponsandtheVietnamWar.

(Para.2)

3.Youngpeoplearebeingaskedtoparticipateindecision-makingaffairs.(Para.5)

4.Almosteveryschoolhasanelectedstudentcouncil,handlingschool-levelissues.

(Para.7)

5.Theyarehonest,andareabletoforcesensitiveissuesoutintotheopen.(Para.10)

XIIIComprehensionoftheText

1.C2.C3.B4.A5.A6.C7.C8.A9.C10.D

XIVVocabulary

1.threshold2.apt3.preview4.premature5.abolished

6.injected7.rigorous8.induced9.epidemic10.integrity

11.abortion12.appraisal

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.deficiencies14.recipient15.irony

XV

1.onto2.on3.in4.at5.from6.forth7.In8.on

9.to10.from11.at12.with

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.of14.out15.on

XVIReadingSills

1.Theyoungpeople(Para.1)

2.TheydominatedtheprotestsagainstthenuclearweaponsandtheVietnamWar

(Para2)

3.Youngpeoplearebeingaskedtoparticipateindecisionmakingaffairs.(Para5)

4.Almosteveryschoolhasanelectedstudentcouncil,handlingschool-levelissues.

(Para.7)

5.Theyarehonest,andareabletoforcesensitiveissuesoutintotheopen.(Para10)

XVIIComprehensionoftheText

1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.F10.T

UnitThree

1.Salespromotion,advertising,personalsellingandpublicity.

2.Businesspeopleusetechniquesofsalespromotionmainlyintwoways:theyoften

useacombinationof

thesetechniques;theyusethesetechniquesassupplementarytotheotherthree

promotionalactivities.

3.Salespromotionistostimulatedemand.

4.Theyareapplicabletobothconsumersandbusinesses.Also,theycanbeusedwith

industrialsellingaswell

asconsumerproducts.

5.Becauseitbringspromotiontothepointofpurchase,whichhasbeenfoundmore

effectivethanmedia

advertising.Forexample,aUSstudyshowsthatamajorityofpurchasesin

supermarketsaregeneratedbyin-storedecisions.

6.Ithelpsconsumersbecomeacquaintedwithanewproductanditalsohelpsprovide

extracompetitive

advantagetoexistingproducts.

7.Theeffectivenessofsales-promotiontechniquesmaybereducedorevennullifiedif

theyencounter

psychologicalbarriersonthepartofshopownersand/orconsumers.Sales-promotion

techniquesthatarenot

consistentwiththelocalpreferenceswillalsobeineffective.

8.Fromthelasttwoparagraphswemaylearnthat,tomakethetechniquesofsales

promotioneffective,one

musttakeintoaccountthepsychologicalbarriersonthepartofbothshopownersand

consumers.Atthe

sametime,thetechniquesmustbeconsistentwiththelocalpreferences.

9.Positive.

lO.Theauthorwrotethispassageinordertodiscussvariousaspectsof

sales-promotiontechniques,

recommendthemandadviseusingthemcarefully.

VocabularyIII

1.acquainted2.magnified3.quota4.slump

5.accommodating6.collided7.repay8.amended

9.wherebylO.launch11.filmed12.expenditure

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.stimulus14.localities15.enlightened

IV1.assuch2.failunder3.enlightenedabout

4.applicableto5.inconjunctionwith6.becomeacquaintedwith

7.issupplementaryto8.bringin9.insearchof

10.givenaway11.innature12.putup

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.collidewith14.participatedin15.beconsistentwith

V.Collocation

1.education2.capacity3.knowledge4.discussion

5.population6.awareness7.empire8.operations

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:9.links10.program

VITranslation

1.Assuch,theeventevokedcuriosityandaweinmostofus.

2.Thetechniquesofsalespromotion,toworkwellmustgainthetrustofmiddlemen

inbusinessaswellas

consumers.Atthesametime,theyshouldbeconsistentwiththelocalpreferencesand

customs.

3.TOlaunchthisnewproductintotheEuropeanmarket,thecompanygaveaway

10,000freesamplesforthe

localconsumerstotry.

4.Astheirlifehasbeenbettered,goingontours/tripsoutintheholidayshasbecomea

fashionable/stylish

pastimeforquiteafewpeople.

5.Thepurposeofwagingthewaris,innature,tocontroltheoilresourcesinthearea.

6.Salespromotioniseffectiveinhelpingconsumersbecomeacquaintedwithanew

productwhenitisfirst

introducedtoamarket.

7.Thenewadministrationhasrealizedthateconomicreformsmustbedeepenedin

conjunctionwitheffective

measurestakentoensurethebasicconditionsofemploymentanddailylifeforthose

poorpeople.

8.Towardsitssalesobjectivethisyear,thecompanyofferedatrainingcourseto

enlightenconsumersabout

itslatestproducts.

9.Toeffectivelyraiseourproductivity,weshouldbringinadvancedmanagement

experiencefromother

countries.

10.ProfessorWu'slecturehelpedthestudentsbecomeacquaintedwiththeuseofthis

softwareproduct.Italso

gavethemanideaofsoftwaredevelopment.

VIITranslation

WiththedevelopmentofamarketeconomyinChina,techniquesofsalespromotion

havebeenmoreand

morewidelyemployed.Thepopularityofvariedandnumerouspromotionalactivities

suchasdiscounts,

bonuses,andpromotionalpartieshasgrownsteadily.Thereasonisthattheynotonly

helpmanufacturersand

businessesearnhigherandquickerprofits,butalsohelpconsumersbecome

acquaintedwiththeproducts

involvedandgetsomepracticalbenefits.However,ifthesetechniquesareusedto

promoteproductsofinferior

quality,boththemanufacturersandthebusinessmenwillbemadetopayforthat.

VIIITranslation

1.一项问卷调查显示，除去食品以外，有70%的购物行为源自于顾客在超市内

--时冲动的决定。

2.为了使当地人能够了解该产品，该培训课程运用了大量图例，以适应他们较

低的文化水平。

3.有些国外零售商不大愿意接受产品厂家提供的打折赠券，因为他们担心厂家

不会补偿其在打折销售

中损失的款额。

4.贸易活动中经常不加区分地使用这一概念。商务人员在说“推销'时，实际

上指的是“促销

5.促销不仅可以刺激消费者的需求，也可以鼓励中间商加大对销售产品的支持。

6.有五分之三的公司开始增加对非媒体宣传的投入,如在产品交易会摆设摊位，

使顾客能直接购买产

品。

7.一家航空公司向顾客赠送打折卡，用这种卡在一家有名的服装公司购买大衣，

价格会低很多。

8.为了将百威啤酒打入英国市场，啤酒公司运用了?美国'主题，在7月4日

和感恩节播放由美国演

员在加利福尼亚拍摄的电视广告片。

9.同时，该美国公司还得说服这些泰国中间商不要在冰箱中储存其他公司的产

品，并且不要为了省电

而在夜间拔去冰箱的电源插头。

10.正如同营销活动的其他诸多方面•样，促销手段也需改进。要使所用手段产

生效果，就应使其迎合

当地人的喜好。

IXEssaySummary

1.C2.B3.D4.A5.B6.B7.C8.C

9.A10.D11.A12.B13.D14.C15.B16.C

17.A18.D19.B20.D

XIStructuredWriting

AsChinaisincreasinglyintegratedintotheglobaleconomy,moreandmoreWestern

festivalsare

enteringandinfluencingtheChinesepeople'slives,especiallytheuniversitystudents'

life.

TakeChristmasforexample.AslongasonemonthbeforeDecember25th,the

studentsbegintheir

preparationsforthismostimportantWesternfestival.Mostactivitiesarefor

entertainmentinnaturesincethe

studentsarenotmuchconcernedwiththereligiousmeaningofChristmas.Andmost

activitiesareevening

parties,oftenlastingallnightlong.Asaresult,quiteafewstudentsfeeltiredoreven

fallasleepinclassduring

thatmonth.

AnotherincidentstillfreshinmymindtookplacelastApril.SomeofusEnglish

teachersreceivedanote

onAprilIsttosaythatalltheEnglishclassesweretobecanceledthenextday.But

actuallywewerefooled!

Likewise,studentsactinaprettywesternizedmanneronValentine'sDay.Theysayto

everyonethey

meet"darling,love"andsoonandsoforth.Ingeneral,theWesternfestivalsaddalot

offunandvarietytoa

student'slife.Atthesametime,onemustrealizethattheydochallengetheChinese

cultureandcustomstoa

certaindegree.(Words:201)

SectionB

ReadingSkills

1."Many"isobviouslyarepetitionof”30,000products".

2.“LouisCheskin","aspecialist"arerepetitionsof"aforerunner".

3."Array”actuallyisarepetitionof''arrangement".

4."Getattention"issynonymousto"eye-catching”whereas"shapes”issynonymous

to"graphicelementsMin

thecontext.

5.“Kindlymessages"isrepeatedbythesamewordswiththesamemeaninginthe

nextsentence.

6.Thesynonymousmeaningof"feminine"canbefoundin"completeness,softness

andinclusiveness0and

"positiveassociations".

XIIIComprehensionoftheText

1.B2.D3,C4.B5.D6.A7.A8.B9.D10.C

XIVVocabulary

1.consoling2.bewildered3.array4.sensation

5.inclusive6.overwhelming7.gigantic8.deemed

9.dazzled10.graphic11.consensus12.differentiating

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.integral14.trigger15.irritated

ComprehensionoftheText

1.to2.for3.with4.of5.in6.of

7.about8.under9.between10.to11.to12.with/by

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.against14.of15.on

SectionC

XVIReadingskills

1.“Smartconsumers^^issynonymousto“carowners“whereas“Tricks”is

synonymousto“cleverpractice”.

Therefore,theyaretakenasrepetition.

2.“Severcircumstances^^issynonymousto“severconditions^^.Therefore,itistaken

asarepetition.

3."Maintenancepractices0is"services"thatappearstwiceintheaboveparagraph.

Therefore,itistakenasa

repetition.

4.Theword〜adjust'isrepeatedinitsderivative—"adjusting11,whichisakindof

complexrepetition.

5.Thesamewordrepetitionof-reasonable*canbefoundinthissentence.

XVIIComprehensionoftheText

1.Hereinthissentence,theauthorisactuallyusingironytoshowhisownhateforthe

slycarservice

managers.

2.Theauthorbeginshisdiscussionofthetopicbypresentinganexampleofrepair

tricks.

3.Theauthorillustrateshisgeneralideamainlythroughstatisticsandresultsobtained

fromasurveyabout

automaintenanceservicesintheUnitedStates.

4.Thesurveydisclosedsomemajortypesofdoubtfulmaintenancepractices,i.e.

reasonableservices

performedprematurely,completelyvaluelessservicesandHghostservices".

5.Thetwomajorexcusesare"adverselocalconditions"andnstop-and-godriving".

6.Carsellersrefertotheirspecificlocalproblems,suchasthesaltyair,hotsummers

andthepoorquality

gasolineinFlorida.Yetcarmanufacturersclaimtoallowfortheselocalextremesin

theirdesigns,referring

to"severe”conditionsliketheextremelywetclimatesinjungleareasandisland

countries.

7.Suchmentioninghelpstheuserslearnaboutthetricksinthisaspectand,therefore,

towatchoutforthem.

8.1)QuotationsfromthemanagerofqualitycontrolforMazdaMotorofAmerica;

2)Advicegivenbyamanageratanothercarmaker;

3)SuggestionsgivenbytheheadoftheprogramthatapprovesAAAauto-repair

shops;

4)AdvicegivenbythetechnicaleditorofCarandDrivermagazine.

9.Threesuggestionsaregiven:1)toreadtheownefsmanualandbecomeawareof

theneededservices;2)to

consultvariousdealersandcomparetheirservices;and3)todiscussinadvancewith

theservicemanager

whatistobedoneandreviewthecost.

10.Theauthorwrotethisarticleinordertowarndriversagainsttrickyservices

offeredbysophisticated

dealerships,andalsotohelpthemlearntoprotecttheirowninterests

Unitfour

ComprehensionoftheText

1.Becausetheysufferedfromlowwagesandoppressiveworkingconditions.

2.Tothefirstgenerationofimmigrants,workhadgreatvirtues.Firstofall,itensured

theirownsurvival.

Secondly,itmadeitpossibleforthemtoprovideabetterlifeandeducationfortheir

children,whichmeant

animprovementintheirsocialstatus.Lastbutnotleast,itwastheveryhardworkthat

gavetheirlaborsa

fiercedignity,whichservedasadrivingforceintheirownlife.

3.Generallyspeaking,it'sbecausethewaypeopleviewworkismuchchanged.

Specifically,therearefour

causes.Thefirstisthattoday*syoungerworkershavelittleideaaboutthepovertyand

sufferingofthe

Depressionand,therefore,don'tknowwhatworkmeanttothosewhosurvivedthe

Depression.Thesecond

causeisthatunemploymentnolongermeanspersonalruinandshamethanksto

elaboratefinancialcushions.

Thirdly,thelossofajobnowcarrieslesspersonalshame,asitcanbeblamedonthe

wildandnotorious

behavioroftheeconomy.Andfinally,worknolongerjustservesasameansof

existenceinasocietywhere

expectationsaregettinghigherwithrisingeducationallevels.

4.Toexplaintheattitudetoworkofthosewhosufferedtheextremepovertyduring

theDepression,andto

contrastthiswiththeattitudesoftoday'syoungerworkers.

5.AccordingtoMaslow,workmeetshumanneedsinthefollowinghierarchy:first,it

providessuchbasic

meansasfoodandshelter;second,itcanprovidesecurity;third,itsatisfiestheneed

forfriendshipand

connectionwithothers;fourth,itcanhelpgainrespect;andfinally,itcansatisfythe

desirefor

self-fulfillment.

6.Maslow'sschemeisquotedtoexplainworkers*expectationschangewithsocialand

economicdevelopment.Becauseofthesechanges,workhasdifferentmeaningsto

differentgroupsin

societyastheyarepositionedatdifferentstagesintheworkhierarchy.

7.Thewomen'srightsmovementhasmadeitpossibleforwomentopursuecareers,

notjustworkformere

survival.Thatistosay,theyareworkingatthelevelof"fulfillingthemselves",which

isthehighestin

Maslow'sworkhierarchy.

8.ConditionsforsomeUSworkers,suchasthoseonassemblylines,maybe

consideredterrible.However,the

mediworkerssufferedmuchmoremiserythanthoseworkingonthemodern

assemblyline.Apoor

Indianrubbishcollectorlivesamoremiserablelifethana"poor"Americancar

worker.Theaveragepeasant

inSouthAmericaworksharderthanmostofAmericans.

9.Theauthoriscautioningthatitisimportanttohaveapropersenseofperspective

aboutwork,beforemaking

judgmentsonparticularsituations.

10.WorkisthemostthoroughandprofoundorganizingprincipleinAmericanlifein

thatithelpspeople

connectwithothersinaworkcommunityand,therefore,satisfytheirneedfor

friendshipandsocial

relations.

Vocabulary

1.esteemed2.stunned3.notorious4.conferred

5.aspiration6.diluted7.hierarchy8.foremost

9.asserted10.an*ogant11.dreadful12.recycling

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.intrinsic14.destructive15.gossiping

1.windup2.mergewith3.dyingoff4.laidoff

5.closeddown6.degeneratedinto7.ineffect8.apartfrom

9.irrespectiveof10.proneto11.takesacertainamountofpeople'sinterestoutof12.

kickedaround

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.conferredupon14.inmuchthesameway

that15.

concentratedupon

Colocation

I.stories2.messages3,weight4.meanings

5.honor6.disease7.electricity8,tradition

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:9.interest10.oxygen

Translation

I.Thosewholeadamiserablelifeoftenfailtorecognizetheinherentvirtueofworkin

earningandsustaining

theirdignity.

2.Withthelifebetteredandlevelsofeducationhigher,theworkethicisdilutednow.

3.Theyounggenerationhasmuchdifficultyunderstandingwhytheirancestorshadto

focustheirmindsupon

workasthecentralconcernofexistence.

4.AccordingtoMaslow,differentclassesandethnicgroupsarepositionedatdifferent

stagesinthework

hierarchy.

5.Indevelopingcountries,manytalentedyoungintellectualsflockindrovesto

America,whichformsthe

so-called"braindrain".

6.Ifacountryispronetohighinflation,thenitscurrencywillhavetobeduedto

maintaintheprice

competitivenessofitsexports.

7.Oneexpertinsociologybelievesthatworkisameansforpeopletobuild

relationships.Inthatsense,the

workplaceperformsthefunctionofacommunity.

8.