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单元素养评价(一)Unit1
(120分钟150分)
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳
选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话
仅读一遍。
Text1
W:It'snearly7.Ifyouwanttocatchthe8o'clocktrain,you'dbettergo
now.
M:Don,tworry.I'11drivetothestation.
W:Inthatcase,letmegowithyouandyoudropmeoffatthecitycentre.V11
gotothesquaremarket.
1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?
A.Catchatrain.B.Seethemanoff.
C.Goshopping.
答案:C
Text2
M:I'mthinkingaboutmovingoutofmyplace.
W:Howcome?Isitfarfromyourworkplace?
M:No.Withthreekidsgrowingupandreachingschoolage,myhouseistoo
small.
2.Whydoesthemanwanttomove?
A.Tobenearhisoffice.B.Toliveinabiggerhouse.
C.Togotoagoodschool.
答案:B
Text3
M:It'sverycoldinhere.I'mgoingtoturntheheaterontowarmthisplace
upalittle.
W:WhydoyouthinkI'mdrinkinghotchocolate?Here,takethisblanket.The
heaterisn'tworkingrightnow.
3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotostaywarm?
A.Useablanket.B.Turnontheheater.
C.Drinksomehotchocolate.
答案:A
Text4
W:Englishisaneasylanguagetolearn.Don'tyouthinkso,1Darning?
M:Tmafraidit'sdifficultforme,Susan.Butmybrotherisgoodatit.
4.WhohasdifficultyinlearningEnglish?
A.Susan.B.Darning.
C.Daming'sbrother.
答案:B
Text5
W:Whendidtheplanearrive?
M:Ataquarterpasteleven.
W:?Doyouthinkyou'11recognizeJoewhenyouseehim?
M:Idon'tknow.Ihaven*tseenhimsincehewas7.Timeflies.Now9yearshave
passed.Mynephewmusthavechangedalot.
5.Whatarethetwospeakersdoingnow?
A.Waitingforsomeoneattheairport.
B.Talkingabouttheirplan.
C.Bookingticketsfortheirtrip.
答案:A
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选
项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完
后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
Text6
M:Wow!Niceplace!I'veneverbeentothispartoftownbefore.
W:Thanks."Thisarea'scalledtheEastEnd.Itisn'tverycentral,butI
choseitbecauseIcouldaffordmorespacehere.
M:Yeah,youhaveawholeextraroom!
W:Iknow!Iuseitforwork.
M:Ithoughtyouworkedinanofficedowntown.
W:Mycompanyletsmeworkonedayaweekfromhome.
M:Lucky!You'vegotagreatbossandagreatapartment.Vmsohappyforyou!
Let'scelebrate!%etmetakeyoutodinner.
6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?
A.Inanofficedowntown.
B.Inanapartmentdowntown.
C.InanapartmentintheEastEnd.
答案:C
7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?
A.Gettowork.
B.Gotoarestaurant.
C.Visitthewoman*scompany.
答案:B
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
Text7
M:Iley,Helen!?HowaboutyourinterviewforCambridge?
W:Mm,notbad.TheyaresatisfiedwithmyacademicrecordsinScience.
M:Iknowyoucanconquertheteachers.
W:Thankyou,Mike.Um,wheredoyouwanttostudy?
M:India.
W:WhyinIndia?YouwanttomajorinBuddhism?
M:No.Iwanttobeacomputerprogrammer.SoI'veappliedtotheIndian
InstituteofTechnology,whichisoneofthebestuniversitiesforITlearners.
W:Yeah!That'syourbestchoice.Hopeyoucanmakeit.
M:Thankyou.
8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttostudy?
A.IntheUniversityofCambridge.
B.IntheUniversityofOxford.
C.IntheIndianInstituteofTechnology.
答案:A
9.Whichsubjectdoesthemanwanttomajorin?
A.Art.B.Buddhism.C.Programming.
答案:C
听第8段材料,回答第10〜12题。
Text8
W:Hello,mayIspeaktoMrSmith,please?
M:Speaking.Who*scalling?MayIask?
W:ThisistheJobCenter.WehavereceivedyourE-mailandthereisaposition
whichwethinkfityouwell.Alabassistantiswantedinamiddleschool.
M:Canyoutellmemoreaboutthejob?
W:Well,alabassistantiswantedinacollege.It'sthekindofjobyouwould
liketodo,"asismentionedinyourE-mail.
M:Yes,Ididputthatinmyletter.
W:Yes.Theyalsoneedsomeonewhoknowshowtomaintaintheequipment.Sowe
thinkyouarejusttherightpersonforthejob.
M:Whataboutthepayandworkhours?
W:Iamcomingtothat.Thepaytheyhaveofferedissatisfactory,butthework
hoursareabitchangeable.Sometimesearlyinthemorning,sometimeslateinthe
afternoon.
M:Well,Iaminterestedinthat.MayIhavesomemoredetailssothatIcantalk
itoverwithmywife?
W:Whydon'tyoucomeoverhereat10a.m.tomorrow?
M:OK,seeyoutomorrowthen.Bye!
10.WhydidthewomancallMrSmith?
A.Torecommendajob.
B.Tomaintaintheequipment.
C.Toworkasalabassistant.
答案:A
11.HowdidtheJobCentergettoknowSmith?
A.Smithcalledthecenter.
B.Smithe-mailedthecenter.
C.Smithwenttothecenterbefore.
答案:B
12.Whenwillthemangotothecenterfordetailsaboutthejob?
A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thismorning.
C.Tomorrowafternoon.
答案:A
听第9段材料,回答第13〜16题。
Text9
M:"Hello,Jane.ThisisPeterspeaking.
W:Hi,howareyou?
M:Fine.AndI'vegotsomegreatnewsforyou.
W:Really?What'sitabout?
M:Irememberyouareinterestedinwatchinggolfgames.TheHoustonOpenwill
berunningfromMay26toMay30.I'msureyouwillbegladtowatchthegame.
W:Oh,that'sgreat.Butjustamoment,letmecheck.Ah...Itisapity
thatIcan'tmakeit.14IwillbeonbusinessinChinafromMay25toJune2.
M:Well,msorryyouhavetobeawayonbusinessthen.Letmesee."Another
game,theUSOpenwillberunningfromJuly15toJuly18.Howaboutthat?
W:That'sgreat.Iwillbeonmyholidaythen.%wouldbewonderfulifwe
couldwatchthegametogether.
13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?
A.Onthephone.B.AtPeter'shome.
C.Inagym.
答案:A
14.WhywillthewomanmisstheHoustonOpen?
A.Shewillbehavingherholiday.
B.Shewillstayathome.
C.Shewillbeonbusinessabroad.
答案:C
15.WhenistheUSOpenrunning?
A.FromMay26toMay30.
B.FromMay25toJune2.
C.FromJuly15toJuly18.
答案:C
16.Whatwouldbewonderfulforthespeakers?
A.Beingonavacation.
B.Watchingthegametogether.
C.GoingtotheUS.
答案:B
听第10段材料,回答第17〜20题。
Text10
OneSundaymorning,Iwasdreamingofbeingaskedtotheofficebytheboss
whenIwaswokenupbyaphonecall.'7Itwasfromataxidriver.Hetoldmehe
hadmyfriend'scellphone.Myfriend,Mike,hadleftitinthetaxithenight
before.Thedrivercalledmeaccordingtothecallrecords.
Itwasarainingmorning.Fortaxidriversinthisbigcityitwasabigtime.
,HItoldhimtherewasataxicentrenotfarawayfrommyhome.Hecouldtakeit
there.ThenIquicklyjumpedoutofbedandgotdressed.1%henIwalkedthere
inhalfanhour,thedriverhadgoneaway.Hedidn,tleaveanythingexceptfor
thecellphone.
Iwasveryhappyformyfriend.Hemovedtothiscityafewdaysago,soI
dicin'tgettimetovisithimandthereforedicin'tknowwherehewasliving.I
e-mailedmyfriendtellinghimIhadhisphone.Myfriendwasveryexcitedtoget
backhiscellphone.四Hesaidhewouldwriteitonhisblogtosearchforthe
warm-hearteddriver.
17.WhocalledMike'sfriendonaSundaymorning?
A.Mike.B.Ataxidriver.C.Hisboss.
答案:B
18.Howdidthetaxidriverdeliverthecellphone?
A.HemailedittoMike.
B.HehandedittoMike'sfriend.
C.Heleftitinthetaxicentre.
答案:C
19.HowdidMike'sfriendgettothetaxicentre?
A.Hegotthereonfoot.B.Hetookataxi.
C.Hedrovethere.
答案:A
20.WhatwouldMikedoaftergettingthecellphoneback?
A.Searchforthedriverinthetaxicentre.
B.Contributetoanewspaperinsearchofthedriver.
C.Searchforthedriverbypostingablog.
答案:C
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
A
Fifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.After
climbingupahi11forapanoramic(全景的)viewofthebluesea,whitebuiIdings
andgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselfto
takethebestphotoofthispanorama.
Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,
andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,
sighandappreciatetheview.
PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunand
reviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.Wasittoomuchto
askhertomoveso1couldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icould
haveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsopleased
inherobservation.Ididn,twanttomesswiththat.
Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecided
totakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthe
photoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,
somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.
Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho
“ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknew
thatherfigureiscaptured(捕捉)andfrozenonsomestrangerJsbedroomwal1?A
bedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon,teven
knowhasbeenimmortalized(使永存).Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.
Perhapsweallliveineachothers'spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosare
for:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,thatweal1shareacommondesire
forpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.
Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetween
twowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要向我们描述了作者一次无奈拍摄到的一张被女人
干扰的照片,却显得尤为生动,也让作者明白了共享的美丽。
21.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphoto?
A.Awomanblockedherview.
B.Hercamerastoppedworking.
C.Someoneaskedhertoleave.
D.Afriendapproachedfrombehind.
【解析】选Ao细节理解题。根据第二段内容^Unfortunately,justasItookoutmy
camera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmy
view.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.“可
知,当作者要拍照时一个女人挡住了她的视线。
22.Accordingtotheauthor,thewomanwasprobably.
A.losingherpatience
B.enjoyingherself
C.waitingforthesunset
D.thinkingaboutherpast
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,
sighandappreciatetheview.”可知,这个女人可能是在欣赏风景,放松自己。
23.IntheauthorJsopinion,whatmakesthephotosoalive?
A.Therichcolorofthelandscape.
B.Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.
C.Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday.
D.ThewomanJsexistenceinthephoto.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,现在当我看它的时候,我认为她在照片
里的出现使这张照片变得有趣。风景本身就很美,但不知何故却活了起来,呼吸了起来,因
为这位女士融入其中。所以作者认为,是照片中的女人的存在使照片如此生动。
B
(2020•长沙高一检测)
Inthewinterof1664—1665,abittercoldfellonLondoninthedaysbefore
Christmas.Abovethecity,anunusuallybrightcomet(彗星)shotacrossthesky,
excitingmuchpredictionofasnowstorm.Outsidethecitywall,awomanwas
announceddeadofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.Herhousewaslocked
upandthephrase“LordHaveMercyOnUs“waspaintedonthedoorinred.
BythefollowingChristmas,thevirusthathadkilledthewomanwouldgoon
tokillnearly100,000peoplelivinginandaroundLondon一almostathirdofthose
whodidnotflee.
InTheGreatPlague(瘟疫),historianA.LloydMooteandmicrobiologistDorothy
C.Mooteprovideadeeplyinformedaccountofthisplagueyear.Readingthebook,
readersaretakenfromthepalacesofthecity'swealthiestcitizenstothepoor
areaswherethevastmajorityofLondonerswereliving,andtothesurrounding
countrysidewiththosewhofled.TheMootespointoutthat,evenattheheightof
theplague,thecitydidnotfallintochaos.Doctors,nursesandthechurchstaff
remainedinthecitytocareforthesick;cityofficialstriedtheirbesttofight
thecrisiswithallthelegaltools;andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshut
down.
Todescribe1ifeanddeathinandaroundLondon,theauthorsfocusonthe
experiencesofnineindividuals.Throughtheirlettersanddiaries,theMootes
offerfreshdescriptionsofkeyissuesinthehistoryoftheGreatPlague:how
differentcommunitiesunderstoodandexperiencedthedisease;howmedical,
religious,andgovernmentbodiesreacted;howwellthesocialorderheldtogether;
theeconomicandmoraldilemmaspeoplefacedwhendebatingwhethertofleethecity;
andthenatureofthematerial,social,andspiritualresourcessupportingthose
whoremained.Basedonhumanity(人性),theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitof
acityanditsinhabitantsattackedby一anddaringlyresisting一unimaginable
horror.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在1664年至1665年冬天,伦敦地区发生了瘟
疫,将近10万人死于这场瘟疫。历史学家A.LloydMoote和微生物学家DorothyC.Moote
在《大瘟疫》这本书中记述了当时人们是如何应对这场瘟疫的。
24.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?
A.Acometalwaysfollowsastorm.
B.Londonwasunderanapproachingthreat.
C.Londonwaspreparedforthedisease.
D.Thewomanwasthebeginningofthedisease.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句uOutsidethecitywall,awomanwas
announceddeadofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.“可知,一场瘟疫正
在逼近伦敦。
25.WhatdotheMootessayaboutLondonduringtheGreatPlague?
A.Thecityremainedorganized.
B.Theplaguesparedtherichareas.
C.Thepeopletriedalotinvain.
D.Themajorityfledandthussurvived.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段内容“TheMootespointoutthat,evenatthe
heightoftheplague,...andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshutdown”
可知,疫情期间,伦敦并没有乱作一团,仍然井然有序。
26.WhydotheMootesfocusonthenineindividuals?
A.Theywerefamouspeopleinhistory.
B.TheyallmanagedtosurvivethePlague.
C.Theyprovidedvividstoriesofhumanity.
D.Theyunitedbythinkingandactingasone.
【解析】选Co细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句uBasedonhumanity,theauthors
offeramasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantsattackedby—anddaringly
resisting—unimaginablehorror.”可知,作者集中描述这九个人在疫情期间的活动是
因为他们提供了“人性”的故事。
27.WhatJsthepurposeofthistext?
A.Tointroduceanewbook.
B.Tocorrectamisunderstanding.
C.Toreportanewresearch.
D.Toshowrespecttotheauthors.
【解析】选限推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,主要介绍《大瘟疫》这本书的内容,因此
作者的写作目的应该是介绍这本书。
C
(2020•宁夏高一检测)
IntheofficeoftheGermanprimeministerAngelaMerkel,there
isapictureofCatherinetheGreat,thelegendary(传奇的)Russian
Empress.Whenaskedwhyshehasthepicture,Merkelsays,“Shewas
astrongwoman”.ManysaythesameofMerkel.
Themostpowerfulwomanintheworld,accordingtoUSForbes
magazine,wasinChinalastweek.Shecametodiscusstradeandenvironmentalissues
withChina'stopleaders.GermanyJsfirstwomanleaderisknownasabraveand
practicalstatesman(政治家).
Evensincehertimeatschool,shehadthehabitofgettingeverythinginorder.
Everydaybeforedoingherhomeworkshewouldcleanthedeskandthinkaboutwhat
todonext."Ipreferalongtimeforfullpreparationstomakemydecision.But
onceIdecide,IwillstandupforwhatIbelieve,“Merkelsaid.Perhapsitwas
goodhabitsthathelpedherdowellinherstudies.At32,shegotadoctordegree
inphysicsandthensheworkedasaresearcher.
However,thelifeofascholarcouldn,tputoffherloveofpolitics.While
workinginlabs,Merkeltooktimeofftoreadpoliticalbooksandatlastjoined
apoliticalparty."Hercalmnesshelpedherstandoutintheparty.Shecouldalways
findawayoutwhileothersfelthopeless,“saidoneofheroldfriends.
InherfirstbigpoliticaljobasMinisterfortheEnvironmentin1994,her
scientificbackgroundprovedveryuseful.In2005shebecameGermany?syoungest
primeministersincethesecondWorldWar.
Nowhalfwaythroughherfour-yearterm,the53-year-oldwomanhasmadeaname
forherselfbothinGermanyandabroad.AttheEUsummit(欧盟峰会)in2005when
FrancequarreledwithBritainovertheEUbudget,somepeoplebelievedtheEUwas
closetobreakingdown.ButMerkeldidn'tgiveup.Sheshuttled(穿梭)betweenthe
headsofthetwopowersandhadthemreachedanagreement.
“Strengthcomesfromcomposure(镇定)andcourage.ManypeoplesayIamastrong
woman.ButIwouldrathersayIhaveperseverance,“saidMerkel.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了德国总理默克尔,她是个坚强的女性,也是个“铁
娘子”。
28.WhydoesMerkelputapictureofCatherinetheGreatonthewallofheroffice?
A.BecauseCatherinetheGreatisbeautiful.
B.BecauseMerkelwantstobeastrongwomantoo.
C.BecauseMerkel1ikesthedrawingskillofit.
D.Becauseitisveryexpensive.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句"Whenaskedwhyshehasthepicture,
Merkelsays,“Shewasastrongwoman”.ManysaythesameofMerkel.可知,默
克尔也想做凯瑟琳大帝那样的坚强女性。
29.Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?
a.becametheGermanChancellor(总理)
b.gotadoctorate(博士学位)inphysicsandthensheworkedasaresearcher
c.joinedapoliticalparty
d.tookpartintheEUsummit
e.workedasMinisterfortheEnvironment
A.bcadeB.cbdaeC.bceadD.cbaed
【解析】选C。细节理解题。通读全文可知,她先是在大学获得博士学位,从事研究;然后
加入政党;接下来担任了环境部长;2005年担任总理;最后参加欧盟峰会。
30.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Merkelusuallyhurriestomakeadecisionwhenfacingdifficulties.
B.AttheEUsummitin2005,therelationshipbetweenFranceandBritainwasin
tension.
C.Merkelisawel1-knownleaderallovertheworld.
D.Sheisoutstandingbecauseofhercalmness.
【解析】选Ao推理判断题。根据最后一段"'Strengthcomesfromcomposureandcourage.
ManypeoplesayIamastrongwoman.ButIwouldrathersayIhaveperseverance,'
saidMerkel.”可知,她是很镇定的,不会匆忙做决定。
31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Anexcellentlecturer
B.Germany*sironlady
C.Thechangeofascholar
D.Theyoungestchancellor
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。阅读全文,根据内容可知,介绍了德国总理默克尔,她是一个
坚强的女性,也是个“铁娘子”。所以,GermanyJsironlady(德国的铁娘子)是本文最佳
标题。
D
Doyouknowwhypeopleyawn(打哈欠)?Themostobviousansweristhatweyawn
becausewearetired.Butwhydoesbeingtiredmakeusyawn?Howdoesyawninghelp
us?Thetruthisthatwedon'tknowtheanswerstothesequestions.Scientistshave
differenttheoriesaboutwhyweyawn,butnobodyhasbeenabletoprovethem.
Thefirstoneisthe“oxygentheoryw.Inthepast,oneofthemostpopular
theorieswasthatweyawninordertotakemoreoxygen.Whenweyawnwebreathemore
deeply.Accordingtothistheory,ourbrainsmakeusyawnbecauseweneedmore
oxygen.However,thesedaysmoreandmorescientistsareagainsttheoxygentheory.
Thesecondoneisthe“braincooling“theory.Accordingtothistheory,we
yawnwhenourbrainsgettoowarm.Yawningmakesourbrainscooleragain.Whenour
brainsarecooler,wecanthinkmoreclearly.Yawningcanhelpkeepusalert(警
觉).Thistheoryhasn,tbeenprovenyet,butmanyscientiststhinkthatitwill
beproveninthefuture.
Hereareafewotherinterestingfactsaboutyawning.First,yawningis
contagious(可传染的).Ifyouseeanotherpersonyawn,thenyouwillbemorelikely
toyawn,too.Second,weyawnevenbeforeweareborn.Studieshaveshownthat
babiesyawnwhilethey'restillintheirmotherJsstomach.Theystarttoyawnafter
24weeks.Finally,wearemorelikelytoyawnwhenwe'rebored.Whyisyawning
contagious?Whydoweyawnwhenwe'reboredortired?Thetruthisthatwedon't
haveanyanswerstothesequestions,either.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。讨论了关于人们为什么打哈欠的两个理论,第一个是“氧
气理论”,第二个是“大脑冷却”理论。讲清了一些关于打哈欠的其他有趣的事实。
32.Whatdoes"them"refertoattheendofthefirstparagraph?
A.Yawns.B.Scientists.
C.Theories.D.Questions.
【解析】选Co词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句aScientistshavedifferenttheoriesabout
whyweyawn,butnobodyhasbeenabletoprovethem.”可知,科学家们对我们为什
么打哈欠有不同的理论,但是没有人能够证明这些理论,所以them指的是“理论”。
33.Whatdoesthearticlesayaboutthe“oxygentheory”?
A.It'sthemostrecenttheory.
B.Fewscientistsbelieveitnow.
C.Moreandmorescientistsbelieveit.
D.Weknowthatit'scorrect.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"However,thesedaysmoreandmore
scientistsareagainsttheoxygentheory.”可知,现在很少有科学家相信氧气理论了0
34.WhathappenswhenapersonJsbrainiscooler?
A.Thepersongetsmoretired.
B.Thepersonisinabadmood.
C.Thepersonthinksmoreclearly.
D.Thepersonbecomeslessalert.
【解析】选Co细节理解题。根据第三段第四句"Whenourbrainsarecooler,wecanthink
moreclearly.可知,当一个人的大脑变冷时,他会想得更清楚。
35.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Wecanyawnonlyafterweareborn.
B.Wehaveknowntheanswerwhyweyawn.
C.Whenweseeanotherpersonyawn,wemightyawn,too.
D.Scientistswillneverprovetheabraincooling,,theory.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句Ifyouseeanotherpersonyawn,then
youwillbemorelikelytoyawn,too.”可知,当我们看到别人打哈欠时,我们也会
打哈欠。
【技巧点拨】
代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代
的对象,包括考查it(指动物,无生命的事物、特定的事件或人),they/them(指代人、物、
事件的复数名词),he/she等人称代词的指代意义,以及指示代词this,that,these,
those等在文章中的指代意义,考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人、物、事件的认知能力。
解答这类题时,同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容,分析人称转换和动
作变换的详细过程,理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系,从而准确推断其指代的对象。如第
32小题,根据上文Scientistshavedifferenttheoriesaboutwhyweyawn,butnobody
hasbeenabletoprovethem.可知,科学家们对我们为什么打哈欠有不同的理论,但是
没有人能够证明这些理论,故them指的是“理论”,故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为
多余选项。
Adailymultivitaminmaygiveyourwell-beinganextrabenefit,butifyou've
everswallowedoneandfeltsickrightafter,youknowit'shardlyapleasant
experience.36
You'retakingvitaminsonanemptystomach.
Vitaminsthataremoreacidinnature,likevitaminC,maycausenausea(恶
心)ifthey'reconsumedonanemptystomach.VitaminsA,D,EandK,unlikesome
others,maybebetterabsorbedwhennottakenwithfood.
37
Vitaminsarelikemedicinesinthattheycanactoneachotherandother
medicinesyou'retaking.38Someresearchsuggeststhatmultivitaminscould
causesideeffectswhentakenatthesametimewithhighestrogen(雌激素)levels.
There'salotofironinyourpill.
Multivitaminsthatcontainalotofironorironsupplementsthemselvescan
causenausea.Thisisespeciallytrueifyou'retakingthemoutsideofameal.Iron
isinterestinginthatit'sbestabsorbedonanemptystomach,butit'shardest
totakeonanemptystomachbecauseofthenausea.39Itmightdecreasethe
absorptionalittlebitbutit'sbetterthannothing.
Allergicreactionsideeffects.
Sincemultivitaminscontainsomanyvitaminsandminerals,allergicreactions
arecertainlypossible.Mildallergicreactionscanincludeitchiness(痒)and
hives(尊麻疹).40Shouldyouexperiencemoreadvancedsignsofanallergic
reaction,suchasbreathingtrouble,chestpain,widespreadhivesoraswollenfacial
region?Visittheclosestemergencyroomimmediately.
A.You'retakingvitaminswithothermedicines.
B.Thesestomachissuescanbeextremelydisturbing.
C.Belowareafewreasonswhymultivitaminsmaybemakingyouill.
D.Ifyouexperiencethesesideeffects,stopusingandcontactyourdoctor.
E.It'sbettertotakeitwithfoodthantryingtakingitonanemptystomach.
F.It'simportanttodiscusswithanexpertthetimingofthesevitamins.
G.Pleasereviewthecombinationstomakesuretherearenoharmfulinteractions.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了服用多种维生素可能让人感到不适的几种原因。
36.【解析】选C。根据下文小标题You'retakingvitaminsonanemptystomach.ThereJs
alotofironinyourpill.和Allergicreactionsideeffects.可知从第二段到第
五段都是分析让人感到不适的原因,故C项正确。
37.【解析】选A。根据下文Vitaminsarelikemedicinesinthattheycanactoneach
otherandothermedicinesyou'retaking.可知本段讲的是各种维生素之间以及维生素
与其他药物之间相互作用,故A项正确。
38.【解析】选G。根据上文可知各种维生素之间以及维生素与其他药物之间会相互作用;根
据下文可知当雌激素水平高时服用多种维生素可能引起副作用。所
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