2024届内蒙古呼和浩特市高三第一次质量数据监测英语模拟试题（一模）附答案

2024届内蒙古呼和浩特市高三第一次质量数据监测英语模拟试题（一模）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座位号涂写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。3.考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑AIfyouthinkaboutWorldHeritageSites,youprobablythinkofplacesconnectedwithanientartandculture.historicalbuildingsandmonuments.Andofcourse,manyoftheseareontheWorldHeritageList（WHL）（世界遗产名录）.ButtheWHLcontainsalotofsitesthatarenotsoolivious.Lei’slookatafewofthem.RobbenIslandinSouthAfricaThisislandwasusedthroughthecenturiesasaprison,ahospitalandamilitarybase.Butit’sprobablymostfamousasamaximum-securityprisonforpoliticalprisonersinthetwentiethcentury.NelsonMandelawasoneofitsmostfamousresidents.TheWHLsaysitrepresents“thevictoryofdemocracyandfreedomoveroppressionandracism.”BordersofFranceandinThisisanareaofgreatnaturalbeautyandthemountainshavemanyinterestinggeologicalusedtobecommoninmountainousareasofEuropebutthathasalmostcompletelydisappearedinmoderntimes.ThecityofBrasilia.BrazilBrasiliaisacapitalcitythatwascreatedfromnothingin1956.TheWHLcallsit“alandmarkinthehistoryoftownplanning”.Thedifferentareasofthecityandthebuildingsthemselveswerealldesignedatthesametimecarefully.Everypartofthecityshowstheideasoftheplannerandarchitect.SimienNationalPark,EthiopiaSimienNationalParkwasoneofthefirstsitestobelistedin1978.ItisoneofthehighestmountainousareasinAfrica,andtheWHLcallsit”oneofthemostspectacularlandscapesintheworld”.Itisalsoimportantforitswildlife.Thepopulationofsomerareanimalsisgettingsmallerandsmaller.21.WhichofthefollowingsiteswaslistedontheWHL.foritspoliticalsymbol?A.SimienNationalParkEthiopiat. B.BordersofFranceandin.C.RobbenIslandinSouthAfrica. D.ThecityofBrasilia.Brazil.22.Whichofthefollowingsitesisfamousforthewonderfulplanofbuildings?A.RobbenIslandinSouthAfrica. B.BordersofFranceandin.C.MienNationalPark.Ethiopia. D.ThecityofBrasilia.Brazil.23.Thepassagemainlytalksabout______.A.theremainsofancientculturesontheWHL.B.someofthelesswell-knownsitesontheWHL.C.importantplacesofartandcultureD.thehouseholdheritagesitesontheWHL.BEradajereOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutiontotwoofhercountry’sproblems:garbageandpoverty.It’scalledtheChipBagProject.The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisaskingafavoroflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthanthrowyouremplychipbagsintothetrash,donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.ChipwatersdropofftheiremptybagsfromDoritos.Lays.andotherfavoritesattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore.whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelperscollectthem.Aftertheycleanthechipbagsinsoapyhotwater.theyslicethemopen,laythemflat,andironthemtogether.Theyusepadding（衬垫）andliners（衬里）fromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.Ittakesaboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag.andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags.dependingonwhetherthey’resingle-serveorfamilysize.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof.lightweight.andeasytocarryaround”.OleitatoldtheDetroitNews.Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProjecthascollectedmorethan800,000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,created110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplertoraisethemoneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat’sonlyhalfthegoalforOleita—whosefamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeofattainingabetterlife—andherfellowvolunteers.“Wearedevotedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butenvironmen-tally,”shesays.And,ofcourse,theresthesymbolismofrescuingbagsthatwouldotherwiselandinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It’sapowerfulreminderthatenvironmentalproblemandpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitatoldhourdetroit.Com,“Ithinkit’stimetoshowconnectionsbetweenalloftheseissues.”24.WhatdidOleitaaskthesnackloverstodowiththeiremptychipbags?A.Toturnthemintosleepingbags. B.Togivethemawaytoher.C.Tothrowthemintothetrash. D.Todonatethemtothehomelessdirectly.25.WhatdoweknowaboutthesleepingbagmadebyChipBagProject?A.Itssizeisadjustable. B.Itisonlymadeofoldcoats.C.Ithasthefunctionofheating D.Itisportable.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theaimoftheprojectismorethansocialissues.B.Povertyresultsfromenvironmentalproblems.C.Oleita’sprojectmade110sleepingbagspermonth.D.Oleitastartedtheprojectmainlytoraisemoney.27.WhichwordscanbestdescribeOleita?A.Hardworkingandloyal. B.Talentedandsocial.C.Responsibleandcreative. D.Selflessandmodest.CTheAschConformityExperiments,conductedbypsychologistSolomonAschinthe1950s,demonstratedthepowerofconformity（从众）ingroupsandshowedthatevensimpleobjectivefactscannotresistthepressureofgroupinfluence.Intheexperiments,groupsofuniversitystudentswereaskedtoparticipateinaperceptiontest.Inreality,allbutoneoftheparticipantswere“confederates”—cooperatorswiththeexperimenterwhoonlypretendedtobeparticipants.Thestudywasabouthowtheremainingstudentwouldreacttothebehavioroftheother“participants”.Theparticipantsoftheexperimentwerepresentedwithacardwithasimplevertical（垂直）blacklineonit.Then,theyweregivenasecondcardwiththreelinesofvaryinglengthlabeledA,B,andC.Onelineonthesecondcardwasthesamelengthasthatonthefirst,andtheothertwolineswereobviouslylongerandshorter.Participantswereaskedtostateoutloudinfrontofeachotherwhichline,A,B,orC,matchedthelengthofthelineonthefirstcard.Ineachexperimentalcase,theconfederatesansweredfirst,andtherealparticipantwasseatedsothathewouldanswerlast.Insomecases,theconfederatesansweredcorrectly,whileinothers,theyansweredincorrectly.Aschintendedtoseeiftherealparticipantwouldbepressuredtoanswerincorrectlyintheinstanceswhentheconfederatesdidso,orwhethertheirbeliefintheirownperceptionandcorrectnesswouldoutweighthesocialpressureprovidedbytheresponsesoftheothergroupmembers.Aschfoundthatone-thirdofrealparticipantsgavethesamewronganswersastheconfederatesatleasthalfthetime.Fortypercentgavesomewronganswers,andonlyone-fourthgavecorrectanswersindefianceofthepressuretoconformtothewronganswersprovidedbythegroup.Ininterviewsfollowingthetrials,Aschfoundthatforthosewhoansweredincorrectly,inconformancewiththegroup,somebelievedthattheanswersgivenbytheconfederateswerecorrect,somethoughtthattheyweresufferingalapse（失误）inperceptionwhentheyoriginallyhadtheanswerdifferentfromthegroup,andothersadmittedthattheyknewthattheyhadthecorrectanswer,butconformedtotheincorrectanswerbecausetheydidn’twanttobreakfromthemajority.28.Whataretheparticipantsaskedtodointheexperiment?A.Pickouttwolinesofthesamelength.B.Labelthecardswithdifferentletters.C.Statethereasonformatchingthecards.D.Identifythelongestverticalblackline.29.What’sParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Theresultoftheexperiment. B.Thepurposeoftheexperiment.C.Thedesignoftheexperiment. D.Theprocedureoftheexperiment.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“indefianceof”inParagraph6mean?A.Inresponseto. B.Forfearof. C.Inspiteof. D.Onaccountof.31.Whydidtherealparticipantsgiveawronganswer?A.Theyfailedtoresistgroupinfluence. B.Theybelievedtheirownjudgment.C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion. D.Theywantedtobedifferentfromothers.DYou’reasleeponaSaturdaymorningwhenthesoundofanalarmclockeruptsfromyourdevice.YouturnovertoseethewordSNOOZEprojectedintheairaboveyourdevice.Youreachoutandtouchthevirtualbuttonwithyourfinger—aslightfeelingonyourfingertip—beforefallingbacktosleep.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTsukubainJapanareworkingonatechnologythatcouldmakethispossible.LedbyassociateprofessorYoichiOchiai,theteamcreatesshapesintheairusingalaser（激光）thatreleasesshortpulses（脉冲）oflight.Thehigh-intensitylightcanbreakdownairmolecules（分子）,whichproducesshort-livedspotsoflight.Thesystempolishesimagesbyrapidlyadjustingthecentralpointofthelaserinthreedimensions.Apreviousversionofthetechnologyusednano-secondlaserpulses,whichhavetheunfortunatesideeffectofburninghumanskin.Ochiai’ssystem,namedFairyLights,employsmuchshorterlaserpulsesthataremuchlessdangerousdespitehavingahighpeakintensity,Ochiaisays.Thetinyhearts,starsandfairiesthatthesystemprojectsarenotonlysafetotouch,buttheyaresensitivetocontact.Inonetest,thesystemprojectsacheckboxthatcanbefilledinwithyourfinger.“Itfeelslikesandpaperoramildelectricshock,”Ochiaisays.Ochiaialsopredictslarge-scaleemergencymonitorsthatcouldbeprojectedhighoveracitytowarnresidentsaboutanaturaldisasterordirectthemtowardanescaperoute.Whiletheinitialimageswerenotlarge,Ochiaisaystheflexibilityofthesystemdependsonthesizeandpoweroftheequipmentused.Largesystemsarecurrentlyexpensive,hesays,addingthattechnologiesthatdrawimageswilllikelybecomemoreachievableoverthenext10to20yearsasthemulti-million-dollarpricedecreases.32.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph1?A.Tointroducetheuseofanewtechnology. B.Topromoteahigh-techalarmclock.C.Toexplainthefunctionofaproject. D.Todescribeasceneofsleep-in.33.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Airmoleculescanbebrokendowninashorttime.B.Shapescanbereleasedbypulsesoflight.C.Thesystemcanbeadjustedinthreedimensions.D.Imagescanbeprojectedintheair.34.WhatdoweknowaboutFairyLights?A.Itbringsbenefitstohumanskin.B.Itprojectsimagessafetotouch.C.Itemploysnano-secondlaserpulses.D.Itbecomessensitivetoelectriccurrents.35.AccordingtoOchiai,hemightagreethat______.A.ThetechnologywillbeputinuseinadecadeortwoB.ThetechnologycanaccuratelypredictnaturaldisastersC.Themoreflexiblethesystemis,thelargertheimagewillbeD.Thesystemcaninformpeopleofasaferescaperoute.第二节（共5小题；每题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyouconsideredhowtochooseyourmajorinuniversity,whichisofgreatsignificanceforyourfuturecareer?Hereissomepracticaladvice.Initially,don’tchooseamajormerelybasedonmoney,otherwisemistakeswillhappen.36Canyouseeyourselfinvestingthenext40yearsinthiscareerwithoutgettingbored?Actuallychoosingamajorwithhigh-payingcareerwon’tguaranteeyouahigh-payingjob.Itdependsonpositionopeningsandyourcompetitorswhenyougraduate.37Youwanttopicksomethingthatinterestsyou,butyouneedtobesureyouwon’tgetsickofitastimeprogresses.38Ahobbyisapursuitoutsideone’sregularoccupationforrelaxationwhilepassioncomfortsyouanddrivesyoucrazyatthesametime.Itisn’trelaxing.Itinsertsitselfintoyourlife.Whenyouchoosetostudyyourhobbyandbuildyourlifearoundit,itcanloseitsappealandwon’tberelaxing.Thirdly,neverchooseamajorbyfeelinginsteadofresearch.Beinginterestedinamajorisn’tenough.Researchingthefieldwillensureyoutochoosearightmajor.Ifyouknowsomeoneinthefield,askthemforsomeinformation.Besides,considertheentirejourneyyou’llpursue—thecoursework,themajordemands,theschooltimeyou’llneed,andtheavailablejobprospects.39Lastly,don’talwaysdependonyourparents.40However,thechoiceisultimatelyyours.Ifanyonewantstohelpyouinchoosingamajorandyoucompletelyagreewiththeiropinions,thengowithit.Butifyouwantyourfuturetogoinanyotherdirection,speakup.Theonlywaytogetthebestoutcomeistoshapeyourownfuture.A.Next,ahobbyisnevermeanttobeyourpriority.B.Theopinionsofyourfamilyaren’tsomethingtoignore.C.Besides,keepabalancebetweenhobbiesandrelaxation.D.Typically,peoplewillconfusetheirhobbieswiththeirpassions.E.Remembercollegeisaninvestmentofbothyourtimeandmoney.F.Youshouldalsoconsideryourpassions,dislikes,andhappiness.G.Ifyou’repassionateaboutamajorafterresearch,followyourheart.第二部分知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Havingrepeatedlyheard“goodmanners”,doyoureallyunderstandwhatthebasicelementsofgoodmannersare?Certainly,astrongsenseofjusticeisone—（fromthisangle）politenessisoften41butahighlydevelopedsenseoffairplay.Afriendofmineoncetoldmeofhim42alongaone-lanedirtroad.43wasanothercarthatproducedcloudsofchoking44,anditwasalongwaytothenearesthighway.Suddenly,ata45place,thecarinfrontpulledofftheroad.46thatitsownermighthaveenginetrouble,myfriendstoppedandaskedifanythingwaswrong.“No”,saidtheotherdriver,“butyou’vetoleratedmydustthisfar;I’ll47yourstherestoftheway.”Anotherelementofpolitenessisempathy,a（an）48thatenablesapersontoseeintothemindorheartofsomeoneelse,to49thepainorsufferingthereandtodosomethingtominimizeit.Aman50aloneinarestaurantwastryingtounscrew（拧开）thecapofabeerbottle.51,hecouldn’tdoitbecauseofbadlyinjured52.Heturnedtoayoungkidforhelp.Thekidtookthebottle,53andloosenedthecapwithoutdifficulty.Thenhe54itagain.Turningbacktotheman,he55tomakegreateffortstoopenthebottlewithoutsuccess.56hetookitintothekitchenandreturnedshortly,sayingthathehad57toloosenit—butonlywithapairofpliers（钳子）.Lastbutnotleast,theabilitytotreatallpeople58isalsoanelementofpoliteness,regardlessofstatusorimportance.59whenyouhavedoubtsaboutsomepeople,actasiftheyareworthyofyourbestmanners.Areyouastonishedtofindoutthebasicfactorsof“60”?41.A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything42.A.driving B.running C.riding D.walking43.A.Ahead B.Before C.Behind D.After44.A.ash B.smoke C.steam D.dust45.A.cleaner B.flatter C.wider D.straighter46.A.Consuming B.Finding C.Guessing D.Confirming47.A.doawaywith B.putupwith C.catchupwith D.goonwith48.A.quality B.personality C.behavior D.technique49.A.reduce B.accept C.remove D.understand50.A.dining B.begging C.working D.performing51.A.Otherwise B.However C.Therefore D.Meanwhile52.A.legs B.heart C.mouth D.fingers53.A.satdown B.tookalook C.turnedaround D.thoughttwice54.A.watched B.checked C.covered D.tightened55.A.seemed B.pretended C.promised D.happened56.A.Luckily B.Happily C.Finally D.Sadly57.A.tried B.failed C.meant D.managed58.A.nicely B.alike C.warmly D.happily59.A.Ever B.Specially C.Especially D.Even60.A.politeness B.manner C.elements D.empathy第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。AmongChina’svariousformsofsilkproducts,yunjin,61uniquevariety,hasbeenattractiveforthousandsofyears.TheoriginofyunjincanbetracedtothelateEasternJinDynasty（317-420）,whengeneralLiuYudefeatedtheLaterQinkingdomand62（bring）thekingdom’scraftsmenfromChang’antothethencapitalNanjing.TheinfluenceofthecraftonNanjingisevident.InChina’sliteraryclassicDreamoftheRedChamber,63（write）byNanjing-bornnovelistCaoXueqin,yunjingarmentsare64（frequent）mentioned.Besides,manyplacesinthecityarenamed65silkmanufacturingprocesses,suchasRongzhuangStreetandJinxiuWorkshop.Afterthe66（establish）ofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949,thecountrycontinuedtoplacespecialemphasison67（preserve）andpassingdowntheweavingtechnique,foundingtheNanjingYunjinResearchInstitutein1957.Earlierthiscentury,68（display）thebrocade（织锦）,theinstitutesetuptheNanjingYunjinMuseum,69istheonlyprofessionalmuseuminChina,includingitshistory,weavingtechnique,culture,andcontemporaryartworks.Andnow,withthesupportoftechnologyandresearchconductedbytheinstitute,yunjincraftsmanshipandteachingareincreasinglyefficientand70（effect）.In2009,thecraftsmanshipofNanjingyunjinwasincludedonUNESCO’sRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。IliveinatypicallyChinesefamilyoffourgenerationslivedtogetherunderthesameroof.Everyonehasfunswitheachotherhere.Everynight,wehavedinnertogether,talkingorlaughingaroundthedinnertablesothatalltheworriesofthedaycanbesweptaway.Atweeken