2023年高考英语一模试题汇编广东03 阅读理解（说明文）（解析版）

专题03阅读理解（说明文）

1.12023届广东省佛山市统考一模】

It'snosecretnowthatthemoretimewespendonsocialmedia,themorewefeeldissatisfiedwithourselves.

Wetendtocompareourselvestoinfluencesandcelebrities-soit,seasytounderstandhowthatcanaffectour

confidence.

But,howoftenhaveyoufoundyourselfcomparingyourlifetoyourfriends?Engagingwithsocialmedia

sharedbyourfriendscanbemoredamagingthanlookingatcontentsharedbycelebrities,newresearchhasfound.

Thestudylookingathowsocialmediaaffectsbodyimagefoundthatanysocialmediaengagementwas

significantlyassociatedwithlowerςςappearancesatisfaction".Additionally,itfoundthatengagingwithcontent

postedbypeopletheparticipantsknewwasmorethantwiceasdamagingaslookingatcontentpostedbystrangers,

includingcelebrities.

VirenSwami,ProfessorofSocialPsychologyatAngliaRuskinUniversity,believesthisispartlybecauseWe

knowit,shardtoattainthelivesofcelebritiesorinfluences,butwhenwe,recomparingourselvestoourfriends,it

feelslikeweshould-orcould-livethewaytheydo.

“Onepossibleexplanationisthatpeoplemayperceiveapostshowingappearanceasbeingmuchmore

attainableifitcomesfromsomeonetheyknow,addingexpectationorpressureonthepersonengaginginthe

post,,,hesaid.tςAtthesametime,peoplemaybemorecriticallyengagedwithpostsbythelikesofmodelsand

celebrities,andthereforeperceivetheimagestheysharetobemoreunrealistic."

ThisisnotjustConfinedtobodyimagethough.Weallhaveoneareainourlivesthattriggers（M发）us.

Maybeyou,vebeensearchingforanewjobformonthsandyoufindyourselfonsocialmedia,envyingyour

schoolfriendwhojustlandedtheirdreamrole.Maybe...

Allthisistosaytheobvious:weonlyseepartofpeople,slives-andifit,sgettingyoudown,you,reprobably

comparingyourinsidestootherpeople'soutsides.Everyonehastheirstrugglesandlifeisindeednotperfectfor

anyone.So,putdownyourphone,getoffline,bethankfulandtrytoliveyourownlife.

8.Whatdidthenewstudyfind?

A.Socialmediainvitesunfavorablecomments.

B・Friends,postsaffectusmorethancelebrities,.

C.Celebritieshaveanegativeinfluenceonourlife.

D.Bodyimagecausesmoreconcernthansociallife.

9.WhyarewemorelikelytocomparewithourfriendsaccordingtoSwami?

A.Theyserveasrolemodels.

B-Weknowthewaytheylive.,

C.Theirlifestylesareaccessible.

D.Wearecuriousabouttheirlife.

10.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph6probablymean?

A.Restricted.

B.Related.

C.Devoted.

D.Exposed.

11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledo?

A.Findyourdreamandfightforit.

B.Stopcomparingandbeyourself.

C.Begratefulandleadaperfectlife.

D.Stopcomplainingandgetdowntowork.

【答案】8.B9.C10.AH.B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究。新研究发现朋友的帖子对人们的影响比名人的更大，

让人们更容易与朋友进行比较。但是作者建议人们放下手机，心存感激，努力过自己的生活。

8.细节理解题。文章第二段讲到"Engagingwithsocialmediasharedbyourfriendscanbemoredamagingthan

lookingatcontentsharedbycelebrities,newresearchhasfound.（一项新的研究发现，与看名人分享的内容相

比，参与朋友分享的社交媒体可能更具破坏性）”可知新研究发现朋友的帖子对我们的影响比名人的更大，

故选Bo

9.推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“VirenSwami,ProfessorofSocialPsychologyatAngliaRuskinUniversity,

believesthisispartlybecauseweknowit,shardtoattainthelivesofcelebritiesorinfluences,butwhenwe,re

comparingourselvestoourfriends,itfeelslikeweshould-orcould-livethewaytheydo.（AngliaRuskin大学社

会心理学教授VirenSWami认为，这部分是因为我们知道很难获得名人或影响力的生活，但当我们将自己

与朋友进行比较时，感觉我们应该或者可以像他们那样生活）“可知根据Swam的说法，我们更容易与朋友

进行比较是因为他们的生活方式更容易见得到，故选Co

10.词义猜测题。文章划线单词下一句讲到“Weallhaveoneareainourlivesthattriggers（触发）us.Maybe

you,vebeensearchingforanewjobformonthsandyoufindyourselfonsocialmedia,envyingyourschoolfriend

whojustlandedtheirdreamrole.（我们的生活中都有一个领域触发了我们。也许你已经找了好几个月的新工

作，你在社交媒体上发现自己，羡慕你的学校朋友，他刚刚找到了他们梦想中的角色。户可知划线单词所

在句子的意思是：但这不仅仅局限于身体形象。所以第六段中带下划线的单词可能的意思是“受限制的”，

故选Ao

11.推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到"Everyonehastheirstrugglesandlifeisindeednotperfectforanyone.So,

putdownyourphone,getoffline,bethankfulandtrytoliveyourownlife.（每个人都有自己的奋斗，生活对任

何人来说都不完美。所以，放下手机，下线，心存感激，努力过自己的生活。）”可知作者建议人们停止比

较，做你自己，故选B。

2.12023届广东省广州市统考一模】

FromtheconcerthallsofEuropetothetechindustriesoftheUnitedStates,C.J.Santoshascreatedastory

acrosstheglobe.

BominBrazil,SantosmovedtoSwitzerlandattheageof18,andearneddegreesinbothmusicperformance

andbusinessadministrationthere.Duringhisnext10yearsof“intense"careerasaprofessionalmusician,he

spentmostofhistimeontheroad.44IhadthehonortoperforminthetopconcerthallsinEurope,,,Santossaid.44It

reallyworemeouttobeconstantlytravelingandperforming,butitallowedmetoseetheworldandunderstandit

initsfulldiversity.Thiswasauniqueexperience,andIcanyitsbenefitswithmetothisday”

Throughtheseexperiences,Santoswasabletobecomefluentinsixlanguages.Withtheseskillsunderhis

belt,Santosworkedwithhiswife,whoisalsofluentinfourlanguages,todevelopasmalltranslationbusiness.

itRunningitwithnopriorbusinessexperiencewasachallengingbutexcitinglearning-by-doing

experience,"Santossaid."Inaddition,thetranslationindustryexperiencedamassivedigitaltransformationinthe

lastdecade.^^

ThisbroughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programinbusinessanalyticsandinformationmanagement,wherehe

gotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesindifferentindustries.Theprogramprovidedhimwith

somethingheclearlyenjoysinlife:variety“Ithelpedmetakethemostadvantageofthetranslationindustry's

digitaltransformation.WhatIgainedfromtheprogramismorethanwhatImanagedinthe15yearsinEurope,"

headded.

AsSantoscontinuestogrowhisbusiness,he'salsoworkingasanadvisor.iiTheworld,sdigital

transformationhasadvancedathighSPeedJhesaid.44Tome,it,sveryexcitingtobeavaluableresourcetothose

whoneedhelptojumponboardthedigitalexpress.^^

4.WhatdidSantosthinkofhiscareerasamusician?

A.Stablebutstressful.

B.Tiringbutrewarding.

C.Uniqueandenjoyable.

D.Demandingandfruitless.

5.WhatdroveSantostotakeuptheMBA/M.S.program?

A.HisstrongdesireforaMaster,sDegree.

B.Thechallengefromstartinganewbusiness.

C.Hislackofeducationbackgroundinbusiness.

D.Thedemandforalearning-by-doingexperience.

6.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.ThegreatvarietySantosenjoysinlife.

B.Theapplicationofdigitaltransformation.

C.ThebenefitsSantosgotfromtheprogram.

D.Santos,sviewpointontranslationindustry.

7.InwhichaspectdoesSantosprobablyofferhelpasanadvisor?

A.Digitalsolutions.

B.Businessanalysis.

C.Translationskills.

D.Resourcesmanagement.

【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了C.J.Sanlos从欧洲的音乐厅到美国的科技产业的经历。

4.推理判断题。根据第二段“Itreallyworemeouttobeconstantlytravelingandperforming,butitallowedmeto

seetheworldandunderstanditinitsfulldiverSity.（不断的旅行和表演真的让我筋疲力尽，但它让我看到了世

界，并充分理解了它的多样性）“可推断，桑托斯认为他的音乐家生涯虽然累但有回报。故选B。

5.细节理解题。根据第四段“"Runningitwithnopriorbusinessexperiencewasachallengingbutexciting

learning-by-doingexperience/'Santossaid.（桑托斯说：“在没有任何商业经验的情况下经营这家公司是一种

具有挑战性但令人兴奋的边做边学的经历。和第五段"ThisbroughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programin

businessanalyticsandinformationmanagement,wherehegotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesin

differentindusiries.（这使桑托斯获得了商业分析和信息管理的MBA/M.S.项目，在那里他获得了丰富的经验,

知识和不同行业的观点）”可知，创业的挑战驱使桑托斯攻读MBA/M.S.项目。故选B。

6.主旨大意题。根据第五段“ThisbroughtSantostoanMBA/M.S.programinbusinessanalyticsandinformation

management,wherehegotrichexperience,knowledgeandperspectivesindifferentindustries.Theprogram

providedhimwithsomethingheclearlyenjoysinlife:variety,ςithelpedmetakethemostadvantageofthe

translationindustry,sdigitaltransformation.WhatIgainedfromtheprogramismorethanwhatImanagedinthe

15yearsinEurope,,,headded.（这使桑托斯获得了商业分析和信息管理的MBA/M.S.项目,在那里他获得了丰

富的经验，知识和不同行业的观点。这个项目为他提供了他在生活中显然很享受的东西：多样性。”它帮

助我充分利用了翻译行业的数字化转型。我从这个项目中获得的东西比我在欧洲15年所管理的还要多J）”

可知，本段主要介绍桑托斯从这个项目中得到的好处。故选C。

7.细节理解题。根据最后•段“AsSantoscontinuestogrowhisbusiness,he,salsoworkingasanadvisor.ς4The

world,sdigitaltransformationhasadvancedathighspeed,,,hesaid.ςςTome,it,sveryexcitingtobeavaluable

resourcetothosewhoneedhelptojumponboardthedigitalexpress.”（随着桑托斯的业务不断发展，他也在担任

顾问。“世界数字化转型正在高速推进，”他说。“对我来说，能够成为那些需要帮助的人乘坐数字快车的宝

贵资源是非常令人兴奋的。可知，桑托斯作为顾问，可能会提供数字解决方案方面的帮助。故选A。

3.12023届广东省广州市统考一模】

Ourplanetquakesthousandsoftimesayear,butwestillcan,tpredictexactlywhenandwhereearthquakes

willstrike.Whatifanimals,oddbehaviorcouldwarnus?

Researchershavereviewedhundredsofreportsonpre-quakeabnormalanimalbehaviors,butmorewerejust

anecdotes.GeologistJimBerklandcountednewspaperadslookingforrunawaycatsanddogs.OnOctober13,

1989,hetoldanewspaperreporterabigquakewouldstrikeinaweek.Fourdayslater,theLomaPrieta

mega-quakehit!ButthescientificcommunitystillrejectedBerkland,stheory.Hedidn,tdocumentevery

prediction,sonobodycouldmeasurehisaccuracyrate.

Actualscientificevidencehastoberepeatable.Andaconnectionbetweenacauseandaneffecthastobe

showntobestrongerthanrandomchancethroughcarefulexperimentationanddatacollection.California

researchersinthe1970shappenedtohavebuiltcontrolledhabitatstomonitorthewheel-runningactivityofpocket

mice.Thesehabitatshappenedtobeinanactiveearthquakearea.Thenthe1971SanFernandoearthquakestruck

nearby.Theresearcherscheckedtheirdataandfoundnobigchangesinhowlongtheanimalsranintheirwheels

orstayedundergroundbeforetheearthquakeactivity.Whatmightthenextexperimentshow?

Researchersfrom150universitiesworldwideareworkingonanewstudycalledtheICARUSproject.The

projecttracksmanysmallanimalspeciessuchasbirds,bats,andturtlesforthepurposeofscientificresearch.One

groupofresearchersislookingforpossibleconnectionsbetweenanimalbehaviorandearthquakes.Iftheyfinda

reliableconnection,thiscouldsavehundredsofthousandsofhumanlives.ICARUSaimstopoweranappthat

willgivepeoplehourstogettosafety.

However,noteveryoneishopeful.GeologistWendyBohonsaidthatICARUSisdoingsomeςςcoolthings,“

butsheknowsanimalbehaviorishardtopindown.44Mycatcouldactcrazybeforeanearthquake,,,shesays.ςςBut

italsoactscrazyifsomebodyusesthecanopener.^^

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"anecdotes“meaninparagraph2?

A.Real-lifenewsstories.

B.Randomindividualstudies.

C.Repeatedscientificreports.

D.Unprovedpersonalaccounts.

9.WhywasBerkland,stheoryrejectedbythescientificcommunity?

A.Heusedunreliabledatafromnewspaperads.

B.Hisdocumentwasn,tconsistentwithhistheory.

C.Hisstudydidn,tincludeenoughanimalsamples.

D.Hefailedtoprovetheaccuracyofhispredictions.

10.WhatistheultimategoaloftheICARUSproject?

A.Toprovideaccuratepre-quakewarnings.

B.Todevelopanapptocallforhelpduringquakes.

C.Toseekworldwidecooperationsinquakeprediction.

D.Tofindconnectionsbetweenanimalbehaviorsandquakes.

11.WhatisWendyBohon,sattitudetowardstheICARUSproject?

A.Disapproving.

B.Doubtful.

C.Intolerant.

D.Unclear

【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍J'研究人员对地震前动物异常行为的研究，希望提供准确的震

前预警。

8.词句猜测题。根据戈IJ线词前半句"Researchershavereviewedhundredsofreportsonpre-quakeabnormal

animalbehaviors,（研究人员查阅了数百份关于地震前动物异常行为的报告，广和转折词but可知，这些地震

前动物异常行为的报告是传闻，即未经证实的报告。故选DC

9.细节理解题。根据第二段“ButthescientificcommunitystillrejectedBerkland,stheory.Hedidn,tdocument

everyprediction,sonobodycouldmeasurehisaccuracyrate.（但是科学界仍然拒绝接受伯克兰的理论。他没有

记录每一个预测，所以没有人能衡量他的准确率。）“可知，伯克兰的理论被科学界拒绝，是因为他没能证

明自己预测的准确性。故选D。

10.细节理解题。根据第四段“Onegroupofresearchersislookingforpossibleconnectionsbetweenanimal

behaviorandearthquakes.Iftheyfindareliableconnection,thiscouldsavehundredsofthousandsofhumanlives.

ICARUSaimstopoweranaρρthatwillgivepeoplehourstogettoSafety.（一组研究人员正在寻找动物行为和

地震之间的可能联系。如果他们找到可靠的联系，这将挽救成千上万人的生命。ICARUS旨在为一款应用

程序提供动力，让人们在几小时内到达安全地带。）”可知，ICARUS项目的最终目标是提供准确的震前预

警。故选A。

11.推理判断题C根据最后一段"However,noteveryoneishopeful.GeologistWendyBohonsaidthatICARUSis

doingsomekfccoolthings,,,butsheknowsanimalbehaviorishardtopindown.iiMycatcouldactcrazybeforean

earthquake,,,shesays.tfcButitalsoactscrazyifsomebodyusesthecanOPener然而，并非所有人都抱有希望。

地质学家温迪・博汉说，ICARUS正在做一些“很酷的事情”，但她知道动物行为很难确定。“我的猫在地震

前会表现得很疯狂，”她说。“但如果有人用开罐器，也会显得很疯狂。可推断，温迪・博汉对ICARUS

项目表示怀疑。故选B。

4.12023届广东省惠州市高三一模】

We,veallhadaguiltypleasureortwo.MaybeitwasanawkwardTVshowthatweenjoyedalittlebittoo

much,maybeasongwelistenedtoironicallyuntilitbecameabittoounironic.Perhapsasnacksodisgustingit

woundupcomingbackaroundtobedelicious,oramoviesoegregiousthatitendedupbeingafantasticwatch.

Thoughweoftenwonderwhyweenjoythesethings,weshouldreallybeaskingourselveswhywefeelguiltyfor

enjoyingthem.

Withtheobviousexceptionofthingsthatareharmfultopeople,ourharshjudgmenttowardourselvesand

othersoverwhatweenjoydoesnothingbutharmourindividualexpressionandenjoyment.

It,snaturaltowanttoappear"cool"tootherpeople—whateverthatmaymeantoyou.Withthecultural

tendencyandthemeanstoshareliterallyanythingandeverythingyouenjoyviasocialmedia,weperfectlycurate

（管理）themediaWeconsumetomatchsomesortofimaginedidealaesthetic（美学）-atrapthat,smuchtoo

easytofallinto.Don,tfallintothetrap!

Mypointis,thethingsthatholdusbackfromopenlyenjoyingour"guiltypleasures“oftencomefrom

completelyunfoundedplaces.Thisisespeciallytruethatateenagegirlwouldratherbemisunderstoodthanadmit

shelikespink.Frankly,what,sthepoint?Whoareyouprovingyourselfto,andwhydoyoufeeltheneedto?If

you,renotharminganyone,andyouaregettinghappinessfromsomething,thenwhybotherholdingyourselfback

fromitjusttopreservesomekindofcuratedimageofwhoyou,resupposedtobe?

Lifeishardenoughasitis.Ifyou,vefoundsomethingthateasesthestressoflifeevenjustalittlebit,hold

ontoitfordearlife.MarathontheTwilightmovies.Readasupertacky（俗气的）romancenovel.Throwthatguilt

rightoutofthewindowwithabsolutelynoregrets,anddowhateveritisthatmakesyouhappy.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“egregious”meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Moving.B.Unpopular.C.Thrilling.D.Unbearable.

9.WhatcanWeIeamfromparagraph3?

A.Mostpeoplewanttogainrecognitionfromothers.

B.Socialmediahasabadimpactonself-recognition.

C.Culturetendencysetsastandardforidealaesthetic.

D.Peopleenjoycuratingthemediathattheyconsume.

10.WhatwouldholdUSbackfromenjoyingςςguiltypleasure,,7

A.Thedesiretoleadasimplelife.B.Theintentiontoshowoffourselves.

C.Theneedtoadmitthatwelikepink.D.Thepurposetoguardouridealimage.

11.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?

A.Findwaystoovercomehardlife.

B.Setourselvesfreefromfixedopinions.

C.Haveanin-depthself-talktofindoursouls.

D.Talkwithpeopleandmakeourowndecisions.

【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们要放弃“内疚的快乐“，学会做快乐的事情。

8.词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第三句话“Perhapsasnacksodisgustingitwoundupcomingbackaroundtobe

delicious（也许是一种如此恶心的零食，以至于它最终回来变得美味）”以及表示选择关系的连词Or可知，

前后表达的意思一致。根据第三句话后半句话“thatitendedupbeingafantasticwatch.（以至于它最终成为一

场很棒的观赏.）”可知,画线词与UnbearabIe同义,意为“难以忍受故选D项。

9.推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句话“It'snaturaltowanttoappearςfccooΓ,tootherpeople（想要对其他

人来说显得“很酷”是很自然的）”可知，作者主要表达了大多数人都想得到别人的认可。故选A项。

10.细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句话“Mypointis,thethingsthatholdusbackfromopenlyenjoyingour

ςςguiltypleasures9'oftencomefromcompletelyunfoundedPlaCeS.（我的观点是，阻碍我们公开享受“内疚的快

乐”的事情往往来自完全没有根据的地方）“可知，没有根据的地方应是理想的。D项“维护我们理想形象的

目的”符合题意。故选D项。

11.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句话“Ifyou'vefoundsomethingthateasesthestressoflifeevenjusta

littlebit,holdontoitfordearlife.（如果你已经找到了•些可以缓解生活压力的东西，哪怕只是一点点,那

就坚持下去吧。）''可知，作者会支持人们做一些事情来缓解生活压力。B项“让自己从固定的意见中解脱出

来”符合题意。故选B项。

5.L2023届广东省惠州市高三一模】

Earthquakescannotbeforecast,butengineerscanprepareforthem.Seismic-isolation（地震隔离）systems

builtintothebasesofcertainbuildingsinhigh-riskareas,usecomplexstructuresofconcrete,rubberandmetalto

reducequakedamagebyabsorbingtheground'shorizontalshaking.

Butsuchadaptationsareexpensive.EngineerJianZhangoftheUniversityofCalifornia,saysbuilding

seismicisolation-systemcanincreaseconstructioncostsbyupto20percent.Althoughthesesystemsmightsave

morethantheycostovertime,buildersinsomeregionsmaynothavethebudgetforthematpresent.

Anewseismic-isolationmethodusesthephysicsofrollingtocreatealower-costalternativewithreadily

availablematerials:recycledtennisballs.'4Everyoneplaystennis,andtheydon,tknowwhattodowiththetennis

ballsaftereachgameJsaysETHZiirichseismicengineerMichalisVassiliou.

Vassiliou,steambaseditsmethodonanearlyformofseismic-isolationthatrollsashakingbuildingtoastop

thewayaskaterinahalf-pipeeventuallycomestorest.Byseparatingabuildingfromthegroundwithalayerof

spheres（球体）,rollingisolationchangesunstablehorizontalshakingintoagentlerockingmotion.Thismethod

wasusedin5,000-year-oldPeruvianpyramids,buttodaybuildersfavorexpensive,standardizedisolationsystems.

Fortheirmoderntakeonrollingseismic-isolation,theresearchersinjectedconcrete-likemixesintohundreds

ofballsthathadlosttheirbounce.Theybuiltaninexpensivemodelconsistingoffourfilledtennisballs

sandwichedbetweentwoconcreteslabs（厚板），andtheyfoundthatitwithstoodearthquakeshakingwhile

supportingeightkilonewtonsofforceperball—abouttwicewhatisolationsystemsmightexperienceunder

one-storyhouses.

Zhangsaysthattheworkisworthwhileandthatsuchtechnologymightserveanunmetneed.Butshenotes

thattheresultsareprimary.Vassiliouagrees;nextstepswillmeancreatingandtestingalargermodelwith

hundredsoftennisballsataresearchcenterinearthquake-proneCuba—anexampleofaplacewheresuch

systemscouldmakeisolationpracticableinordinaryconstruction.

12.Whydotheengineersadoptrecycledtennisballs?

A.Toimprovetheperformanceoftennisballs.

B・Tohelpdealwiththetennisballsaftermatches.

C.Tosimplifythecomplexstructuresofbuildings.

D.Tocuttheexpenseofseismic-isolationbuilding.

13.Whateffectcouldthenewmethodachieve?

A.Recyclinguselesstennisballs.B.Transformingtheshakingintoagentleone.

C.Withstandingearthquakeshaking.D.Enablingahousetosupportmuchmoreforce.

14.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZhang,sattitudetowardsthenewtechnology?

A.Doubtful.B.Unclear.C.Objective.D.Approving.

15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.ResearchersarecreatingandtestingmodelsinCuba.

B.Engineersareexploringwaysofearthquakeforecasts.

C.Alow-costdesignhelpsshakingbuildingsrolltoastop.

D.Recycledtennisballscouldprotectbuildingsfromdisasters.

【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的隔震方法利用滚动的物理特性，用现成的材料（回收的

网球）创造一种成本较低的替代方案。

12.细节理解题。根据第三段“Anewseismic-isolationmethodusesthephysicsofrollingtocreatealower-cost

alternativewithreadilyavailablematerials:recycledtennisballs.（一种新的隔震方法利用滚动的物理特性，用

现成的材料（回收的网球）创造一种成本较低的替代方案。）”可知，工程师们使用回收的网球是为了降低

隔震建筑的费用。故选D。

13.细节理解题。根据第四段“ByseparatingabuildingfromthegroundwithalayerofSPhereS（球体）,rolling

isolationchangesunstablehorizontalshakingintoagentlerockingmotion.（通过用--层球体将建筑物与地面

隔开（球体），滚动隔离将不稳定的水平振动变为轻微的摇摆运动。）”可知，这种新型方法可将震动转化为轻

柔的震动。故选B。

14.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Zhangsaysthattheworkisworthwhileandthatsuchtechnologymightservean

unmetneed.Butshenotesthattheresultsareprimary.（张说，这项工作是值得的，这样的技术可能服务于一

个未满足的需求。但她指出，结果是初步的。）“可知，张既肯定这项工作是值得的，但同时也承认这项结

果是初步的，所以他对这项新技术持客观公正的态度。故选C。

15.主旨大意题。本文前两段指出建筑隔震系统增加建筑成本，从而引出第三段话题——一种新的隔震方

法。下文继续阐述该方法的设计原理和隔震效果解释这种新型隔震方法。C项“Alow-costdesignhelps

shakingbuildingsrolltoaStoP.（一种低成本的可以帮助摇晃的建筑物停下来的设计。）”最能概括文章主旨。

故选C。

6.12023届广东省茂名统考一模】

Scientistsbelievenatureisgoodforourwell-being.Butwhat,sthesecretthatbringsaboutthebenefit?A

recentstudybyresearcherCraigAndersonandhisworkmatessuggestsitcouldbeawe（敬畏）一thatsenseofbeing

inthepresenceofsomethinggreaterthanourselvesthatfillsuswithwonder.

Thefirstpartofthestudyhadsomepeoplegoonafour-dayriverrafting（漂流）trip.Theyrowedthrough

dangerousrapidsintheforestedareasinCalifornia.Theyalsocampedoutinthewild.Beforeandafterthetrip,

theyreportedontheirwell-being,includingtheirstresslevelsandsatisfactionwithlife.Duringthetrip,theykept

diariesabouttheirSeatimentoincludingwhetherthey,dfeltawe,peace,gratitudejoy,orpridethatday.Atthe

endofthetrip,theirwell-beinghadincreasedgreatly.Afterthetrip,theresearchersdiscoveredawe——aboveother

positiveemotions—seemedtoexplaintheimprovement.

Inthesecondpart,Andersonstudiedwhetheraweplayedaroleinmoreordinary,everydaynature

experiences.Theanswerisalsoyes.Thisisgoodnews,saysAnderson,becausesometimesit,snotthateasyfor

peopletohavelongwildernesstrips."Youdon,thavetodoamazingexperiencesinnaturetofeelawe,"says

AndersonZtBytakingafewminutestoenjoyflowersorasunset,youalsoimproveyourwell-being.4"

Andersonsaysthatawemaybenefitwell-beingbycausingatςsmallself,—asensethatyouwillhavewhenyou,re

inthepresenceofsomethingbiggerthanyourself,whichmaymakeworriesandstresseslesssignificantby

comparison.

Buthealsosaysthattherecouldbeotherwaysthatnatureexperiencesimproveourwell-being,besides

causingawe.Forexample,therelatedphysicalexerciseinnaturecouldhavemadeadifference,too.Anyway,

Andersonbelievesthere,senoughevidencetoencourageustoaddmorenaturetoourdailylife.,,Peopleneedto

slowdownandmakespaceforthatintheirlives,,,Andersonsays.

8.WhatdidthestudybyAndersonandhisworkmatesmainlyfind?

A.Thebenefitsatriphasonpeople.

B.Whatintereststravelersinnature.

C.Theviewspeoplehaveaboutnature.

D.Whatmakesbeinginnaturebeneficial.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordusentiments,,inparagraph2mean?

A.Feelings.B.Desires.

C.Discoveries.D.Experiences.

10.Howdoesawetakeeffectaccordingtothetext?

A.Bystressingthegreatnessofnature.

B.Byhelpingpeopleforgettheirworries.

C.Byencouragingpeopletobelostinnature.

D.Bymakingpeople,sproblemsseemlessserious.

11.WhatdoesAndersonsuggestpeopledo?

A.Maketimetodoexercise.B.Showrespecttonature.

C.Getintouchwithnature.D.Makeacomparisonwithothers.

【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了通过研究发现，身处自然界中会让人们感到幸福，这是因为在自

然界中产生的敬畏之情发挥着关键作用。

8.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientistsbelievenatureisgoodforourwell-being.Butwhat,sthesecretthat

bringsaboutthebenefit?ArecentstudybyresearcherCraigAndersonandhisworkmatessuggestsitcouldbe

awe.（科学家们相信大自然对我们的健康有益。但带来好处的秘诀是什么？研究人员CraigAnderSo及其同

事最近的一项研究表明，这可能令人敬畏）”以及第二段中“Afterthetrip,theresearchersdiscovered

awe—aboveotherpositiveemotions一seemedtoexplaintheimprovement4旅行结束后，研究人员发现敬畏（高

于其他积极情绪）似乎可以解释这种改善。）“可知，AnderSOn和同事们的实验表明在自然界中的敬畏之情

能够增加人们的幸福感，故可推测，他们通过实验发现了使身处自然界变得有益的因素。故选D项。

9.词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Duringthetrip,theykeptdiariesabouttheirsentiments,includingwhether

they,dfeltawe,peace,gratitude,joy,orpridethatday.（在旅途中，他们记录了自己的______,包括当天是否感

到敬畏、平静、感激、喜悦或自豪。）“可知，“敬畏、平静、感激、喜悦或自豪”这些都是情绪，所以猜测

实验要求参与者们记录下自己的“情绪”。故选A项。

10.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Andersonsaysthatawemaybenefitwell-beingbycausinga4small

self,...whichmaymakeworriesandstresseslesssignificantbyCOmPariSOn.（安德森说，敬畏可自会会导致”眇〃、的

自我“，从而有益于健康……相比之下，这可能会使担忧和压力变得不那么重要。）“可知，敬畏感可以创造

一种“小我”的感觉，让人们感觉身处某些更大的事物面前，自身似乎显得有些渺小，从而使人们在比较之

下内心的焦虑和压力显得不那么重要了。故选D项。

11.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Anyway,Andersonbelievesthere'senoughevidencetoencourageustoadd

morenaturetoourdailylife."Peopleneedtoslowdownandmakespaceforthatintheirlives,,Andersonsays.（无

论如何，AnderSon相信有足够的证据可以鼓励我们在日常生活中加入更多的自然元素。AnderSOn说，人们

需要放慢脚步，在生活中留出空间。）”可知，Anderson建议人们放慢生活的节奏，腾出时间来接触大自然。

故选C项。