命题点 形容词和副词的比较等级（含形容词和副词的句法功能）

第三部分

语法专题精讲练专题三

形容词和副词命题点

形容词和副词的比较等级词性句法功能位置例句形容词作定语名词前或复合不定代词后It’s

a

good

time

to

fly

kites.I

want

to

watch

something

interesting.作表语系动词后We

keep

healthyby

doing

exercise

every

day.作补足语代词或名词后I

find

it

difficultto

learn

English

well.知识必备

形容词、副词的句法功能词性句法功能位置例句形容词作状语句首、句末或句中独立存在She

rushed

out

of

the

room,

nervous

and

pale.续表词性句法功能位置例句副词作状语，修饰动词、形容词或句子等句首、句中、句末Luckily,

he

didn’t

hurt

himself.I

oftengo

to

the

countryside

at

weekends.作表语，此类副词多为表地点的副词及某些与介词同形的副词be动词后Is

anyone

upstairs?He

is

here.续表词性句法功能位置例句副词作定语名词（短语）后The

room

upstairsis

yours.作补足语，能用作表语的副词都可作补足语名词或代词后An

apple

a

day

keeps

the

doctor

away.续表1.

原级的用法用法例句1.

描述人物、事物、动作或行为的性质或特征,

如：

“so/very/too/quite/enough+原级”表示“如此/非常/太/相当……”The

temperature

is

too

high.The

wind

blows

so

heavily.2.

“A+be/动词+as+原级+as+B”表示“A和B一样……”She

is

as

tall

as

her

mother.She

jumps

as

high

as

her

brother.用法例句3.

“A+be+not

so/as+原级+as+B”或“A+助动词+not

so/as+原级+as+B”表示“A不如B……”Jack

is

not

so/as

tall

as

Jim.I

don’t

write

so/as

fast

as

you.4.

“A+动词+as+much/many+名词+as+B”表示“A和B的……数量相同”Linda

has

as

many

books

as

Lily.5.

“A+be/动词+倍数+as+原级+as+B”表示“A是B的……倍”My

room

is

twice

as

big

as

his.6.

“A+be+as+原级+as+用作比喻的名词”表示“A像某物一样……”He

is

always

as

busy

as

a

bee.续表2.比较级的用法用法例句1.

“A+be/动词+比较级+than+B”表示“A比B……”My

bike

is

more

beautiful

than

hers.The

trees

grow

faster

than

the

grass.2.

“A+be/动词+less+多音节形容词/副词原级+than+B”表示“A不及B……”I

am

less

careful

than

you.She

wrote

less

carefully

than

you.用法例句3.

“Which/Who+be/动词+比较级,

A

or

B？”表示“A、B两者中哪一个/谁更……？”Which

is

nearer

to

the

sun,

the

moon

or

the

earth？Which

flies

higher,

the

butterfly

or

the

dragonfly?4.

“比较级+and+比较级”或“more

and

more+多音节形容词/副词原级”表示“越来越……”Our

city

is

becoming

more

and

more

beautiful.The

sun

rises

higher

and

higher.5.

“the+比较级…,

the+比较级…”表示“越……,（就）越……”The

harder

he

works,

the

more

he

will

get.续表用法例句6.

“A+be/动词+倍数+比较级+than+B”表示“A是B的……倍……”My

house

is

three

times

bigger

than

yours.7.

“A+be/动词+比较级+than+any

other+可数名词单数”=“A+be/动词+比较级+than+the

other+可数名词复数”表示“A比其他任何一个都……”（比较级结构表示最高级含义）He

is

taller

than

any

other

boy

in

his

class.=He

is

taller

than

the

other

boys

in

his

class.续表1.

当形容词或副词由表示程度的副词（词组）a

little,

a

bit,

a

lot,

much,

even,

far等修饰时,

常用比较级形式。如：It

is

even

colder

today.2.

表示“（两者之中）较……一个”时,

常用“the+比较级+（of

the

two）”结构。如：My

elder

brother

is

the

taller

of

the

two

students.3.最高级的用法用法例句1.

“A+be/动词（+the）+最高级+范围”表示“A是……中最……”I

am

the

tallest

student

in

my

class.The

light

runs

the

fastest

of

all

the

things.2.

“A+be+one

of

the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“A是最……之一”He

is

one

of

the

best

players.用法例句3.

“A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词+范围”表示“A是……中第几……”The

Yellow

River

is

the

second

longest

river

in

China.4.

“Which/Who+be/动词（+the）+最高级，

A,

B

or

C?”表示“A、B、C三者中，哪个最……?”Which

is

the

biggest,

the

sun,

the

moon

or

the

earth？续表1.

三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级。2.

形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,

但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不再加定冠词the。副词最高级前可以不用the。如：This

picture

is

the

best

of

all.She

is

my

best

friend.He

draws

（the）

most

wonderfully.随堂练一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子clean

cold

well

much

fast

wise1.My

grandparents

moved

to

the

countryside.

They

believe

much

________

air

is

good

for

their

health.cleaner2.He

was

chosen

to

volunteer

at

the

business

fair.

Nobody

speaks

English

_______

than

him.better3.Bruce

is

tall

and

strong.

He

usually

runs

the

_______

in

our

team.fastest4.The

______

you

read,

the

______

you

will

be.morewiser5.The

weather

in

January

here

is

not

as

_____

as

that

in

the

north.coldsmart

hard

little

cheap

expensive6.In

Mary’s

childhood,

everyone

thought

she

wasn’t

so

_______

as

her

sister.smart7.I

gave

up

this

white

dress

because

it

was

twice

as

__________

as

that

blue

one.expensive8.Traveling

by

train

is

the

_________

among

the

four

different

ways

from

London

to

Amsterdam.cheapest9.I

think

there

will

be

_____

pollution

in

the

future

because

of

the

new

law.10.Jack

works

________

in

our

class,

so

it’s

natural

that

he

makes

great

progress.lesshardestyoung

high

badly

carefully

large11.Kitty

was

unhappy

because

she

did

the

_______

in

the

English

exam.worst12.According

to

a

recent

survey,

Qomolangma

has

risen

_______

than

before.higher13.Write

it

as

_________

as

possible

and

try

not

to

make

any

mistakes.carefully14.Your

playground

is

three

times

_______

than

ours.larger15.Susan’s

parents

have

four

daughters,

and

she

is

the

_________

child.youngest二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成语篇good

heavy

warm

hard

friendly

Yesterday,

our

final

exam

grades

came

out.

My

grades

were

not

good,

so

I

walked

home

more

1.________

than

usual.

My

neighbor’s

boy

is

my

classmate,

whose

grades

were

2.___